B.E/B.

Tech Degree Examination April /May 20222

ANSWER KEY

Part-A

Answer all Questions:

1.Name any two green IT metrics.

Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER): It measures the efficiency of the energy used by an IT system.
The EER is calculated by dividing the IT equipment's power consumption by its cooling system's
power consumption.

Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE): It is a metric used to measure the efficiency of a data center's
power usage. PUE is calculated by dividing the total amount of power used by a data center by
the power used by the IT equipment alone.

2.Defien Carbon footprint

A carbon footprint is the total amount of greenhouse gases (including carbon dioxide and
methane) that are generated by our actions. The average carbon footprint for a person in the
United States is 16 tons, one of the highest rates in the world.

3. What do you mean by green assets give example.

A Green Asset is an asset that has a positive environmental impact. Examples of green assets
include; waterways, trees, waterbodies and storm water treatment systems.

4.what is green data center

A green data center is a repository for the storage, management and dissemination of data in
which the mechanical, lighting, electrical and computer systems are designed to maximize
energy efficiency and minimize environmental impact.

5.what is telereporting?

Telereporting is a subset of Telehealth, where radiologists interpret radiology images of various

Medical imaging modalities such as X-ray, CT Scan, MRI scan, etc. without the radiologist
being physically present at the location where these images are generated.

6. Give the effect of material recycling

Recycling also conserves resources and protects the environment. Environmental benefits
include reducing the amount of waste sent to landfills and combustion facilities; conserving
natural resources, such as timber, water and minerals; and preventing pollution by reducing the
need to collect new raw materials.

7.what is green washing?

Greenwashing involves making an unsubstantiated claim to deceive consumers into

believing that a company's products are environmentally friendly.

8. State the primary focus of ISO 14000 family.

The primary focus of the ISO 14000 strategy is to help organizations implement effective
environmental management systems (EMS) to minimize their environmental impact and comply
with environmental regulations.

An EMS is a framework for managing an organization's environmental responsibilities in a

systematic and comprehensive manner. The ISO 14000 series provides guidelines and
requirements for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and continually improving an EMS.

The ISO 14000 strategy is based on the principle of continual improvement, which means that
organizations must continuously assess and improve their environmental performance to achieve
sustainability. The ISO 14000 standards cover a range of environmental issues, including
pollution prevention, waste management, energy conservation, and sustainable development.

ISO 14001 is the core standard within the ISO 14000 series and provides the requirements for an
EMS. It sets out a framework for environmental management that helps organizations identify
and control their environmental impact, establish environmental objectives and targets, and
measure and monitor their performance.

9.What is “As Is” state?

"As Is" state refers to the current or existing state of something without any modifications or
improvements. It is often used in business and technology to describe the current state of a
system, process, or project.

For example, if a company wants to implement a new software system, they may conduct an
analysis of the current "As Is" state of their existing system to identify areas of improvement and
opportunities for optimization. This analysis will provide a baseline for comparison when
assessing the effectiveness of any changes made to the system.

The "As Is" state is also relevant in other contexts, such as real estate transactions, where a
property is sold in its current condition without any warranties or guarantees. In this case, the
buyer is responsible for assessing the property's condition and any necessary repairs or
renovations.

10. Give the advantages of applying Green IT at home

  Increase Value of Your Home.
 Massive Savings in Energy Costs. ...
 Save money on your water bill. ...
 Green Homes are More Durable. ...
 Improves Your Health. ...
 Improves Air Quality. ...
 Clean and Green Environment. ...
 Slowdown Climate Change

11.a(i) Explain how business and environment are interplayed through IT

Information technology (IT) plays a crucial role in the interplay between business and
environment. Here are some ways in which IT influences the relationship between business and
environment:

Monitoring environmental impact: IT allows businesses to collect, analyze, and track data related
to their environmental impact. This data can be used to identify areas where the business is using
too much energy or generating too much waste. IT also enables businesses to monitor their
supply chains and track the environmental impact of their products.
Sustainable business practices: IT can help businesses adopt sustainable practices such as virtual
meetings, telecommuting, and paperless transactions. By reducing the need for travel and paper,
businesses can significantly reduce their environmental impact.

Green IT: Green IT is an approach to designing, developing, and managing technology in an

environmentally sustainable way. This includes using energy-efficient hardware and software,
virtualizing servers, and utilizing renewable energy sources.

Environmental compliance: Many industries are subject to environmental regulations that require
them to track and report their environmental impact. IT plays a critical role in helping businesses
comply with these regulations by providing the tools and systems needed to collect and report
data.

Environmental reporting: IT allows businesses to report their environmental impact to

stakeholders, including customers, investors, and regulatory agencies. This reporting can be done
through various channels, such as websites, social media, and sustainability reports.

Resource efficiency: IT can help businesses optimize their use of resources such as energy,
water, and raw materials. For example, smart building technologies can automatically adjust
lighting and temperature settings based on occupancy levels to reduce energy consumption. IT
can also help businesses track and manage their resource use in real-time, allowing for quick
adjustments to be made when needed.

Supply chain management: IT plays a critical role in managing supply chains and ensuring
sustainability throughout the entire value chain. IT can be used to track and analyze supplier
performance, assess environmental risks, and monitor compliance with environmental standards.
This helps businesses make more informed decisions about their suppliers and improve the
overall sustainability of their supply chain.

Circular economy: The circular economy is an economic model that aims to reduce waste and
promote the reuse and recycling of resources. IT can help businesses transition to a circular
economy by enabling the tracking and management of materials throughout their entire lifecycle.
This includes tracking the origin of raw materials, monitoring their use and disposal, and
facilitating their reuse or recycling.

Environmental risk management: IT can help businesses identify and manage environmental
risks, such as climate change, resource scarcity, and pollution. By analyzing environmental data
and trends, businesses can anticipate and prepare for potential risks and mitigate their impact.

Customer engagement: IT enables businesses to engage with their customers on environmental

issues and promote sustainable behaviors. For example, businesses can use social media to share
information about their environmental efforts and encourage customers to take action. They can
also use online tools to educate customers on the environmental impact of their products and
services and provide tips on how to reduce their own environmental footprint.

Overall, IT offers a wide range of tools and solutions that can help businesses manage their
environmental impact, promote sustainability, and engage with customers and stakeholders on
environmental issues. By embracing these technologies and strategies, businesses can achieve
their environmental goals while also driving innovation and growth.

11.a.(ii)Discuss about the specific ways in which Green IT strategy is beneficial to an

organization.

Green IT refers to the practice of developing, designing, using, and disposing of technology
resources in an environmentally sustainable manner. Implementing a Green IT strategy can
benefit an organization in several ways:

Cost savings: Green IT practices can lead to cost savings through energy-efficient technology,
reduced paper consumption, and recycling initiatives. By implementing energy-efficient servers,
cooling systems, and other IT equipment, an organization can reduce energy consumption and
save money on utility bills.

Improved reputation: Organizations that implement sustainable practices are viewed more
positively by customers, employees, and investors. Green IT practices can improve an
organization's reputation and demonstrate a commitment to environmental sustainability.

Compliance with regulations: Many countries have environmental regulations that require
organizations to reduce their carbon footprint and implement sustainable practices. A Green IT
strategy can help organizations comply with these regulations and avoid penalties for non-
compliance.
Employee engagement: Green IT initiatives can engage employees and increase their satisfaction
by demonstrating the organization's commitment to environmental sustainability. This can
improve employee morale and retention.

Competitive advantage: A Green IT strategy can provide a competitive advantage by

differentiating an organization from its competitors. Customers are increasingly demanding
sustainable products and services, and organizations that can demonstrate their commitment to
environmental sustainability are more likely to win business.

Reduced environmental impact: Perhaps the most important benefit of a Green IT strategy is the
reduced environmental impact. By using energy-efficient technology, reducing waste, and
recycling materials, an organization can reduce its carbon footprint and contribute to a more
sustainable future

Energy savings: A Green IT strategy can help an organization save energy by implementing
measures such as virtualization, consolidation of servers, use of energy-efficient equipment, and
automatic power management. By reducing energy consumption, an organization can reduce its
carbon footprint and save money on energy bills.

Reduced waste: A Green IT strategy can help an organization reduce waste by implementing
measures such as electronic document management, paperless processes, and recycling of
equipment. By reducing waste, an organization can save money on paper and toner, reduce the
amount of waste sent to landfills, and reduce its environmental impact.

Improved productivity: A Green IT strategy can help improve productivity by streamlining

processes, reducing downtime due to equipment failures, and improving collaboration through
video conferencing and other tools. By improving productivity, an organization can save time
and money, and reduce its carbon footprint by reducing travel and commuting.

Improved customer satisfaction: A Green IT strategy can improve customer satisfaction by

demonstrating an organization's commitment to environmental sustainability. Customers are
increasingly demanding sustainable products and services, and by demonstrating a commitment
to sustainability, an organization can improve customer loyalty and satisfaction.

Enhanced brand reputation: A Green IT strategy can enhance an organization's brand reputation
by demonstrating its commitment to environmental sustainability. By promoting its sustainable
practices and achievements, an organization can differentiate itself from its competitors and
attract environmentally conscious customers.

Reduced risk: A Green IT strategy can reduce an organization's risk by ensuring compliance with
environmental regulations, reducing the risk of penalties and legal action. By implementing
sustainable practices, an organization can also reduce the risk of reputational damage from
negative publicity related to environmental issues.
Overall, a Green IT strategy can provide a range of benefits to an organization, from reducing
costs and improving productivity to enhancing brand reputation and reducing environmental
impact. By implementing sustainable practices, organizations can demonstrate their commitment
to environmental sustainability, attract environmentally conscious customers, and contribute to a
more sustainable future.

11b(i).Major IT areas that influences environment

There are several major IT areas that have a significant impact on the environment, including:

Data centers: Data centers are responsible for storing and processing vast amounts of data. They
require a significant amount of energy to power and cool their servers, and as a result, they are a
major source of greenhouse gas emissions.

Cloud computing: Cloud computing has become increasingly popular in recent years, as it allows
businesses to access computing resources and services on demand. However, the energy
consumption of cloud computing can be significant, and it can have a significant impact on the
environment.

E-waste: Electronic waste, or e-waste, refers to discarded electronic devices such as computers,
smartphones, and tablets. When these devices are not properly recycled or disposed of, they can
release harmful chemicals into the environment.

Virtual meetings: Virtual meetings have become more prevalent due to the COVID-19
pandemic. While they can reduce the need for travel, they still require energy to power devices
and transmit data.

Internet of Things (IoT): IoT devices are becoming increasingly common, and they can help to
improve energy efficiency in buildings and reduce waste in supply chains. However, the
production and disposal of these devices can have a significant environmental impact.

Energy consumption: The IT industry consumes a significant amount of energy, both for
powering data centers and for running devices such as smartphones, laptops, and desktop
computers. As a result, the industry contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change.

Digital advertising: Digital advertising is a growing industry that relies heavily on data collection
and processing. This can lead to an increase in energy consumption and greenhouse gas
emissions, as well as potential privacy concerns.

Software development: The software development process can have a significant environmental
impact, as it requires the use of resources such as electricity, hardware, and paper. Additionally,
the production and disposal of physical software products (such as CDs or DVDs) can create
waste and pollution.
Telecommunications infrastructure: The telecommunications industry is responsible for building
and maintaining the infrastructure that allows for communication and data transfer. This includes
cell towers, fiber optic cables, and satellite systems, which can have a significant impact on the
environment.

Supply chain management: IT plays a crucial role in managing supply chains, which can have a
significant impact on the environment. This includes tracking products from raw materials to
finished goods, optimizing shipping routes, and reducing waste and emissions throughout the
supply chain.

Certainly, here are a few more areas where IT has a significant impact on the environment:

Cryptocurrency mining: Cryptocurrency mining involves using powerful computers to solve

complex mathematical problems in order to earn digital currency. This process requires a
significant amount of energy, and some estimates suggest that cryptocurrency mining is
responsible for as much as 0.6% of global electricity consumption.

Big data: Big data refers to the collection and analysis of large sets of data in order to gain
insights and make decisions. However, this process requires a significant amount of energy and
computing power, and it can contribute to greenhouse gas emissions.

Software as a Service (SaaS): SaaS is a business model in which software is provided as a

service over the internet, rather than as a product that must be installed on individual devices.
While SaaS can help to reduce waste and energy consumption, it still requires energy to power
data centers and transmit data.

Cybersecurity: Cybersecurity is a growing concern for businesses and individuals alike.

However, the measures taken to secure networks and data can require a significant amount of
energy and computing power.

Artificial intelligence (AI): AI involves the use of algorithms and machine learning to analyze
data and make decisions. While AI has the potential to improve efficiency and reduce waste, it
can also require a significant amount of energy and computing power. Additionally, there are
concerns about the ethical implications of AI, particularly as it relates to climate change and
environmental issues.

11b(ii) How to measure carbon footprint and operational cost in an organization.

To measure the carbon footprint and operational cost of an organization, you can follow these
steps:

Define the boundaries: The first step is to define the organizational boundaries for the
assessment. This includes determining which emissions sources will be included in the
assessment, such as direct emissions from on-site combustion of fuels and indirect emissions
from purchased electricity, and which operational costs will be considered, such as energy and
transportation costs.

Gather data: Collect data on energy consumption, transportation, and other sources of emissions
and operational costs. This may include energy bills, fuel consumption records, and data on
employee travel.

Calculate emissions: Use a carbon calculator to estimate the carbon emissions associated with
the organization's operations. This may include direct emissions from on-site combustion and
indirect emissions from purchased electricity.

Calculate operational costs: Calculate the operational costs associated with the organization's
operations, such as energy and transportation costs.

Analyze results: Analyze the results of the assessment to identify opportunities for reducing
emissions and operational costs. This may include identifying areas where energy efficiency
improvements can be made or where renewable energy sources can be used.

Take action: Develop a plan to reduce emissions and operational costs based on the results of the
assessment. This may include implementing energy efficiency measures, investing in renewable
energy, and promoting sustainable transportation options.

Monitor and report: Monitor progress over time and report on progress toward emissions
reduction and cost savings goals. This will help to ensure that the organization is on track to meet
its sustainability objectives

12 a.(i)With a neat diagram explain the components of green enterprise architecture.

Green enterprise architecture is a framework that is designed to promote sustainability and

reduce environmental impact. It involves the integration of sustainable practices into all aspects
of an organization's architecture, including technology, processes, and people. The key
components of green enterprise architecture include:Sustainable technology: The use of
sustainable technology is a critical component of green enterprise architecture. This includes the
use of energy-efficient hardware, software, and data center infrastructure. For example, the use
of virtualization technology can reduce the number of physical servers required, which can
significantly reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.Sustainable people: The
human element is an important component of green enterprise architecture. This includes
employee training and awareness programs, which can help promote sustainable behaviors and
practices. Additionally, organizations can implement incentives and recognition programs to
encourage employees to adopt sustainable practices.Sustainable governance: Governance
structures and policies are important components of green enterprise architecture. Organizations
can implement sustainability policies, standards, and metrics to guide their sustainability
initiatives. They can also establish sustainability committees or working groups to oversee
sustainability efforts and ensure that they are aligned with the organization's overall goals and
objectives.

12a.(ii)With an example explain how green business process is modeled.

Green business processes are modeled using a variety of techniques and approaches, but the
basic steps typically involve the following:

Define the goals and objectives of the green business process: This step involves identifying the
desired outcomes of the process, such as reducing carbon emissions, minimizing waste, or
increasing energy efficiency.

Map out the existing process: This step involves identifying the steps involved in the current
process and analyzing how it works, including inputs, outputs, and any bottlenecks or
inefficiencies.

Identify areas for improvement: Based on the analysis of the existing process, this step involves
identifying areas where the process can be made more environmentally sustainable, such as
reducing energy consumption or waste generation.

Develop a new process model: Using the insights gained from the previous steps, this step
involves designing a new process model that incorporates environmentally sustainable practices.

Test and refine the new process: Once the new process model is developed, it should be tested to
ensure that it meets the goals and objectives set out in step 1. Any necessary refinements should
be made before the new process is implemented.

Implement the new process: Finally, the new process should be implemented, and ongoing
monitoring and evaluation should be conducted to ensure that it continues to meet its goals and
objectives over time.

Overall, modeling a green business process requires a holistic approach that considers the
environmental impacts of the process from start to finish and seeks to optimize sustainability at
every step of the way.

12.b.(i)Explain the components of green enterprise architecture with diagram

Green Enterprise Architecture is a framework that helps organizations design and

implement sustainable and environmentally conscious business processes. It is built on the
principles of reducing carbon footprint, conserving natural resources, and minimizing waste.

The components of Green Enterprise Architecture include:

Business Processes: This component represents the core activities of the organization, such as
production, supply chain, and customer service. The goal is to identify the processes that have
the highest environmental impact and find ways to optimize them to reduce waste and conserve
resources.

Information Technology: The IT component includes hardware, software, and networks that
support the organization's business processes. The focus is on implementing eco-friendly
technologies and practices, such as virtualization, cloud computing, and energy-efficient devices.

Facilities: This component includes the physical infrastructure of the organization, such as
buildings, lighting, heating, and cooling systems. The goal is to reduce energy consumption,
promote the use of renewable energy sources, and optimize building design and layout for
maximum sustainability.

People: The people component represents the employees, customers, and stakeholders of the
organization. The goal is to create a culture of sustainability by providing education and training
on eco-friendly practices and encouraging behavior that aligns with the organization's
environmental goals.

12.b(ii) Explain the phases involved in GIS development and deployment.

GIS (Geographic Information System) development and deployment involves several phases.
Here are the most common phases:

Needs Assessment: This phase involves identifying the business requirements for the GIS
system. It includes a review of the existing systems and data sources, as well as a determination
of what GIS functionalities are required.

Data Collection: This phase involves gathering and verifying the data required for the GIS
system. This can include collecting new data or integrating existing data from various sources.

Data Processing: This phase involves organizing and processing the data to prepare it for
analysis and visualization.

Analysis and Modeling: This phase involves performing spatial analysis, modeling and data
visualization to derive insights from the data.

Design and Development: In this phase, the GIS application is designed and developed. This
includes defining the system architecture, creating a data model, and developing the software
application.

Testing and Quality Assurance: This phase involves testing the GIS system to ensure that it
meets the requirements and is functioning correctly. It also includes resolving any issues found
during testing.
Deployment and Implementation: This phase involves deploying the GIS system in the
production environment. It includes installing and configuring the software, migrating data, and
training users.

Maintenance and Support: This phase involves providing ongoing maintenance and support for
the GIS system. This includes monitoring the system performance, addressing any issues, and
providing user support.

Overall, the development and deployment of a GIS system requires a multidisciplinary team with
expertise in data analysis, software development, system architecture, and GIS technology.

13.a State the effect of virtulization of IT systems

Virtualization is software that makes computing environments independent of physical

infrastructure, while cloud computing is a service that delivers shared computing resources
(software and/or data) on demand via the Internet.

When it comes to desktop virtualization, there are two main methods: local and remote. Local
and remote desktop virtualization are both possible depending on the business needs. However,
local desktop virtualization has many limitations, including the inability to use a mobile device
to access the network resources.

Virtualization results in far more efficient use of resources, including energy.

Virtualization's purpose in a simple way is virtualize and make a single piece of hardware
function as multiple parts.
Different user interfaces isolate different parts of the hardware, thereby making each one behave
and function as an individual.
Installing virtual infrastructure allows several operating systems and applications to run on a
lesser number of servers, helping to reduce the overall energy used for the data centre and for its
cooling.
The energy saved per server would translate into approximately 7000 Kilo Watt hours per year,
which is a tremendous potential for energy savings, Virtualization is the best to practice green
computing, especially data centres.

13.b.Distinguish between Telecommuting and Teleconferencing.

Telecommuting and telecommunication are two distinct concepts that are often confused.
Telecommuting is the practice of working from home or another remote location, while
telecommunication is the practice of transferring information over distances—typically through
electronic means. The two terms are often used interchangeably, but they are not the same thing.
This article will discuss the differences between telecommuting and telecommunication, and how
the two concepts are related.

Telework refers to work that takes place at a location that reduces the amount of time spent
traveling. Ellison 2004 states that this category includes locations such as the home or at another
location that can be accessed via a broadband connection, computer, or internet device (Ellison
2004.
Teleworking (also known as telecommuting) is the act of completing a work assignment from a
location other than an office via the internet or phone.

Sustainable processes: Sustainable processes are those that are designed to reduce waste and
optimize resource usage. This includes the use of paperless office systems, waste reduction
initiatives, and the adoption of green procurement practices. For instance, an organization may
adopt a closed-loop recycling process for its IT hardware, which involves the refurbishment and
reuse of old devices instead of disposing of them.

A green organizational portal is a web-based platform that is designed to promote sustainability

and support environmentally-friendly business practices. This portal serves as a central hub for
information, tools, and resources related to sustainability and can help organizations track and
monitor their environmental impact, as well as engage with stakeholders on sustainability-related
issues.

Sustainability reporting: The portal may include tools for tracking and reporting on
environmental performance, including greenhouse gas emissions, energy usage, water usage,
waste generation, and other key sustainability indicators.

Resource management: The portal may include tools for managing natural Telework, or
telecommuting, is another option for working from home, and it is also known as remote
working.
resources, such as water, energy, and materials. For example, it may include a platform for
tracking energy usage in buildings, monitoring water usage in manufacturing processes, or
managing waste and recycling programs.

Employee engagement: The portal may include tools for engaging employees on sustainability
issues and promoting sustainable behaviors. For example, it may include educational resources
on sustainable practices, incentives and recognition programs for employees who demonstrate
sustainable behaviors, or forums for employees to share ideas and best practices.

Supply chain management: The portal may include tools for managing sustainability throughout
the supply chain, such as assessing suppliers on sustainability criteria, tracking environmental
impact across the supply chain, or collaborating with suppliers on sustainability initiatives.

Stakeholder engagement: The portal may include tools for engaging stakeholders on
sustainability issues, such as customers, investors, or community members. For example, it may
include forums for customers to provide feedback on sustainability-related issues, or a platform
for sharing sustainability-related news and updates with stakeholders.

Overall, a green organizational portal can help organizations to promote sustainability, reduce
their environmental impact, and engage stakeholders on sustainability-related issues. By
providing a centralized platform for managing sustainability, organizations can more effectively
track and monitor their sustainability performance, identify areas for improvement, and work
towards achieving their sustainability goals.

Green enterprise architecture is a framework that is designed to promote sustainability and

reduce environmental impact. It involves the integration of sustainable practices into all aspects
of an organization's architecture, including technology, processes, and people. The key
components of green enterprise architecture include:

Sustainable technology: The use of sustainable technology is a critical component of green

enterprise architecture. This includes the use of energy-efficient hardware, software, and data
center infrastructure. For example, the use of virtualization technology can reduce the number of
physical servers required, which can significantly reduce energy consumption and greenhouse
gas emissions.

14.a.(i)Discuss the roles and skill sets of Green-collar workers

Green-collar workers are individuals who work in jobs that contribute to the conservation of
natural resources, reduce waste, and protect the environment. The term "green-collar" was coined
in the early 2000s to describe the emerging sector of jobs focused on sustainability and the
environment. Here are some common roles and skill sets of green-collar workers:

Renewable Energy Installers: These workers install and maintain renewable energy systems,
such as solar panels, wind turbines, and geothermal heating systems. They need to have a strong
understanding of electrical systems and be able to troubleshoot and repair complex equipment.

Energy Auditors: Energy auditors are responsible for evaluating the energy efficiency of
buildings and identifying areas for improvement. They need to be knowledgeable about building
systems, energy efficiency technologies, and energy regulations.

Sustainable Agriculture Workers: These workers focus on sustainable food production, using
techniques such as organic farming and permaculture. They need to have knowledge of plant
biology, soil science, and irrigation systems.

Environmental Technicians: Environmental technicians collect and analyze environmental data,

such as air and water quality measurements. They need to be skilled in using scientific
equipment and analyzing data to make informed decisions.

Recycling and Waste Management Workers: These workers are responsible for collecting,
sorting, and processing waste materials for recycling or disposal. They need to have a strong
understanding of waste regulations, recycling technologies, and safety procedures.

Green Building Professionals: Green building professionals design and construct buildings that
are energy-efficient and environmentally sustainable. They need to be knowledgeable about
green building technologies, such as LEED certification, and be able to coordinate complex
construction projects.

Transportation Workers: Transportation workers focus on sustainable transportation solutions,

such as public transit, cycling, and electric vehicles. They need to be knowledgeable about
transportation regulations and infrastructure, as well as alternative fuel technologies

14.a.(ii) Explain about business and economic trends in Green ICT.

Green ICT (Information and Communication Technology) refers to the use of technology to
promote environmental sustainability and reduce the carbon footprint of businesses and
organizations. Here are some business and economic trends in green ICT:
Cost Savings: One of the main drivers of green ICT is cost savings. By reducing energy
consumption and waste, organizations can save money on utility bills and reduce their overall
operating costs. This can include strategies such as virtualization, which allows organizations to
consolidate multiple physical servers onto a single virtualized platform, reducing the need for
energy-intensive hardware.
Corporate Social Responsibility: Many businesses are increasingly focused on their
environmental impact and social responsibility. Green ICT can help organizations to achieve
their sustainability goals and demonstrate their commitment to environmental stewardship to
stakeholders and customers.
Regulatory Compliance: Governments and regulatory bodies are increasingly imposing
regulations and requirements on businesses to reduce their carbon footprint and environmental
impact. Green ICT can help organizations to comply with these regulations and avoid potential
penalties or fines.
Competitive Advantage: Green ICT can also provide a competitive advantage for businesses. By
demonstrating a commitment to sustainability and environmental responsibility, businesses can
attract environmentally-conscious customers and differentiate themselves from competitors.
Innovation: Green ICT is driving innovation in the technology sector, as companies seek to
develop new products and services that promote sustainability and reduce environmental impact.
This includes technologies such as smart grid systems, which help to optimize energy
consumption and reduce waste.
Green Supply Chain Management: Green ICT is also being used to promote sustainability and
reduce environmental impact throughout the supply chain. This includes using technology to
track and manage the environmental impact of suppliers and to optimize logistics and
transportation processes to reduce carbon emissions
14.b(i). Explain in detail about Green house gas protocol.
The Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHG Protocol) is a widely-used tool for measuring and
managing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. It was developed by the World Resources Institute
(WRI) and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) in order to
establish a standardized framework for measuring GHG emissions.
The GHG Protocol consists of two separate but complementary standards: the Corporate
Accounting and Reporting Standard, and the Project Accounting Standard. The Corporate
Accounting and Reporting Standard provides guidelines for companies to measure and report
their GHG emissions, while the Project Accounting Standard provides guidelines for measuring
and reporting GHG emissions from specific projects or activities.

The GHG Protocol provides a consistent and transparent methodology for measuring GHG
emissions, which enables companies to track their progress in reducing emissions over time. It
also allows companies to compare their emissions to industry benchmarks and best practices, and
to identify opportunities for cost savings and operational improvements.

The GHG Protocol is widely used by companies, governments, and other organizations around
the world as a tool for managing GHG emissions and addressing climate change. Many
companies use the GHG Protocol to prepare their sustainability reports and to report their
emissions to stakeholders, including investors, customers, and regulators.
14.b(ii) Discuss about the economic and technical dimension on Green enterprise
Transformation
Green enterprise transformation refers to the process of incorporating sustainability and
environmental responsibility into the operations and strategies of businesses and organizations.
This transformation involves both technical and economic dimension
On the technical side, green enterprises must adopt and implement technologies that reduce their
environmental impact and promote sustainability. This includes strategies such as energy-
efficient lighting and HVAC systems, renewable energy sources, green data centers, and eco-
friendly transportation. Green enterprises must also adopt sustainable business practices such as
waste reduction, recycling, and green procurement.
From an economic perspective, green enterprises must consider the costs and benefits of
implementing sustainable technologies and practices. While some green technologies may have
higher upfront costs, they can lead to long-term cost savings through reduced energy
consumption and lower operating costs. In addition, green enterprises may be able to attract
environmentally-conscious customers and investors, and benefit from government incentives and
subsidies for sustainability initiatives.
The economics of green enterprises also includes the concept of the "triple bottom line," which
refers to the idea that businesses should not only focus on financial performance, but also on
social and environmental performance. By considering the social and environmental impacts of
their operations, green enterprises can create long-term value for stakeholders and contribute to
sustainable development.
Overall, the transformation to a green enterprise requires both technical and economic
considerations. By adopting sustainable technologies and practices, and considering the triple
bottom line, businesses can reduce their environmental impact, achieve cost savings, and create
long-term value for stakeholders.
15a(ii) Discuss about the impact of applying mobile technologies in GET with respect to the
statkeholders of hospital.
Applying mobile technologies in Green Energy Technology (GET) can have several impacts on
the stakeholders of a hospital. Here are some potential impacts:
Patients: Mobile technologies can provide patients with access to information and services that
can improve their healthcare experience. For example, patients can use mobile apps to schedule
appointments, access medical records, and receive reminders about medication or treatment.
Healthcare Providers: Mobile technologies can help healthcare providers improve patient care
and increase efficiency. For example, providers can use mobile devices to access patient records,
view test results, and communicate with colleagues and patients.
Hospital Administrators: Mobile technologies can help hospital administrators improve
operations and reduce costs. For example, administrators can use mobile apps to manage staff
schedules, monitor inventory, and track equipment usage.
IT Staff: Applying mobile technologies in GET can increase the workload and responsibilities of
IT staff. They may need to manage the deployment and maintenance of mobile devices, as well
as ensure the security and privacy of patient data.

Vendors and Suppliers: Mobile technologies can create new opportunities for vendors and
suppliers to provide services and products to hospitals. For example, vendors may offer mobile
apps or devices that improve patient care or hospital operations.
Regulators and Policymakers: The use of mobile technologies in healthcare raises important
regulatory and policy issues, such as privacy and security concerns. Regulators and policymakers
play a critical role in ensuring that the use of mobile technologies in healthcare is safe, secure,
and ethical.
Overall, applying mobile technologies in GET can have a significant impact on the stakeholders
of a hospital. While it can improve patient care and increase efficiency, it also raises important
regulatory, privacy, and security issues that need to be carefully managed.
15.b Discuss about the steps involved in developing a hospital in ERBS.

Developing an environmentally responsible business strategy involves a series of steps, including

the following:

Assessing the current state of the business: The first step is to understand the current
environmental impact of the business by conducting an environmental audit. This involves
identifying the sources of pollution or waste, the quantity of emissions, energy consumption, and
the overall carbon footprint of the business

Setting environmental goals: Based on the results of the environmental audit, the business should
set realistic environmental goals. These goals should be specific, measurable, achievable,
relevant, and time-bound (SMART).

Creating an environmental management system (EMS): An EMS is a framework that helps

businesses manage their environmental performance. The EMS should outline the environmental
policy, identify the roles and responsibilities of employees, and provide a system for monitoring
and reporting environmental performance.

Developing an action plan: An action plan outlines the steps required to achieve the
environmental goals set in step 2. The plan should prioritize the most critical areas for
improvement and identify the resources required to implement the plan.
Implementing the action plan: The next step is to implement the action plan. This involves
making changes to business processes and operations to reduce the environmental impact of the
business. This may include changes to product design, sourcing of raw materials, energy
consumption, and wastet management.

Monitoring and reviewing environmental performance: It is important to monitor and review the
environmental performance regularly to assess the effectiveness of the environmental strategy.
This can be done by setting up a monitoring system that tracks progress towards achieving the
environmental goals.

Communicating environmental performance: Once the environmental strategy has been

implemented, the business should communicate its environmental performance to stakeholders.
This may include customers, investors, employees, and the wider community.

15.b.Explain how green enterprise Transformation(GET) is enacted for ZeeTel.

Zeetel is a hypothetical telecommunications company that wants to transform into a green

enterprise. Here are some steps that Zeetel could take to enact this transformation:

Assess Current Environmental Impact: Zeetel should assess its current environmental impact,
including its energy consumption, waste generation, and carbon emissions. This will provide a
baseline for measuring progress and identifying areas for improvement.

Set Environmental Goals: Zeetel should set environmental goals that align with its vision for a
green enterprise. These goals could include reducing energy consumption, increasing the use of
renewable energy sources, minimizing waste, [10:48, 4/24/2023] +91 73307 90515: and reducing
carbon emissions.

Develop a Green Strategy: Zeetel should develop a green strategy that outlines the steps it will
take to achieve its environmental goals. This strategy could include initiatives such as:

Adopting energy-efficient technologies and practices

Investing in renewable energy sources, such as solar or wind power

Implementing waste reduction and recycling programs

Encouraging sustainable transportation options for employees

Using environmentally friendly products and materials

Implement the Green Strategy: Zeetel should implement its green strategy, including any
initiatives or programs identified in the strategy. This may involve investing in new technologies,
training employees on green practices, and collaborating with partners and suppliers to achieve
environmental goals.
Measure and Monitor Progress: Zeetel should regularly measure and monitor its progress
towards achieving its environmental goals. This may involve tracking energy consumption,
waste generation, and carbon emissions, as well as assessing the effectiveness of its initiatives
and programs.

Communicate with Stakeholders: Zeetel should communicate its environmental goals and
progress with stakeholders, including employees, customers, suppliers, and investors. This can
help build support for the green enterprise transformation and demonstrate the company's
commitment to sustainability.

Describe the impact of applying mobile technologies in GET with respect to the stakeholders of
hospital

Applying mobile technologies in Green Energy Technology (GET) can have several impacts on
the stakeholders of a hospital. Here are some potential impacts:

Patients: Mobile technologies can provide patients with access to information and services that
can improve their healthcare experience. For example, patients can use mobile apps to schedule
appointments, access medical records, and receive reminders about medication or treatment.

Healthcare Providers: Mobile technologies can help healthcare providers improve patient care
and increase efficiency. For example, providers can use mobile devices to access patient records,
view test results, and communica… with colleagues and patients.

Hospital Administrators: Mobile technologies can help hospital administrators improve

operations and reduce costs. For example, administrators can use mobile apps to manage staff
schedules, monitor inventory, and track equipment usage.

IT Staff: Applying mobile technologies in GET can increase the workload and responsibilities of
IT staff. They may need to manage the deployment and maintenance of mobile devices, as well
as ensure the security and privacy of patient data.

Vendors and Suppliers: Mobile technologies can create new opportunities for vendors and
suppliers to provide services and products to hospitals. For example, vendors may offer mobile
apps or devices that improve patient care or hospital operations.

Regulators and Policymakers: The use of mobile technologies in healthcare raises important
regulatory and policy issues, such as privacy and security concerns. Regulators and policymakers
play a critical role in ensuring that the use of mobile technologies in healthcare is safe, secure,
and ethical.

Overall, applying mobile technologies in GET can have a significant impact on the stakeholders
of a hospital. While it can improve patient care and increase efficiency, it also raises important
regulatory, privacy, and security issues that need to be carefully managed.
16.a.Explain the integrated model for auditing Green IT system for an educational
institution
Integrated Model for Auditing Green IT Systems in Educational Institutions
Governance: The governance component establishes the framework for managing the
institution's green IT initiatives. This component involves setting policies, procedures, and
guidelines that promote sustainability in the institution's IT systems.
Assessment: The assessment component involves evaluating the institution's IT systems to
identify areas where energy efficiency and sustainability can be improved. This can include
assessing hardware, software, and infrastructure, as well as measuring energy consumption and
carbon emissions.
Planning: The planning component involves developing a plan to address the findings of the
assessment. This plan should outline the steps that the institution will take to improve the
sustainability of its IT systems, including any necessary investments in hardware, software, or
infrastructure.
Implementation: The implementation component involves carrying out the initiatives identified
in the planning stage. This may involve upgrading hardware, implementing new software
solutions, or improving infrastructure to reduce energy consumption and promote sustainability.
Monitoring: The monitoring component involves tracking the institution's progress towards its
sustainability goals. This may involve measuring energy consumption, carbon emissions, or
other sustainability metrics to evaluate the effectiveness of the implemented initiatives.
Reporting: The reporting component involves communicating the institution's progress towards
its sustainability goals to stakeholders. This may involve preparing regular reports or dashboards
that summarize the institution's sustainability performance.
Continuous Improvement: The continuous improvement component involves revising and
updating the institution's sustainability initiatives on an ongoing basis. This may involve
adjusting policies or procedures, upgrading technology, or implementing new initiatives to
further reduce the institution's environmental impact.
This integrated model provides a holistic approach to auditing green IT systems in educational
institutions. By following this model, educational institutions can identify opportunities to
improve the sustainability of their IT systems, reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions,
and promote a culture of environmental stewardship.
16.b Discuss about the infrastructure requirements for building an effective data center for
an educational institution.
Building an effective data center for an educational institution in green computing requires
careful planning and consideration of various infrastructure requirements. Here are some key
infrastructure requirements to consider:
Location: The location of the data center is critical for ensuring its effectiveness and energy
efficiency. Ideally, the data center should be located in an area with a cool climate, where natural
cooling can be leveraged to reduce the need for air conditioning. Additionally, the location
should be near a reliable source of renewable energy, such as wind or solar power, to power the
data center.
Building Design: The building design of the data center should prioritize energy efficiency and
sustainability. This can include features such as high-efficiency lighting, insulation, and windows
that can help to reduce energy consumption. Additionally, the building design should incorporate
features that promote natural ventilation and cooling, such as ventilation louvers and cooling
towers.
Power and Cooling: Power and cooling infrastructure are critical for the efficient operation of a
data center. Renewable energy sources such as solar or wind power should be used to power the
data center, and an efficient cooling system should be in place to manage the heat generated by
the equipment. This can include a combination of air cooling and liquid cooling solutions,
depending on the specific needs of the data center.
Hardware: The hardware used in the data center should be carefully selected to ensure that it is
energy-efficient and meets the performance needs of the institution. This can include using high-
efficiency servers, storage devices, and networking equipment. Additionally, virtualization
technologies can be used to consolidate workloads and reduce the number of physical servers
required.
Monitoring and Management: Effective monitoring and management of the data center are
critical for ensuring its efficiency and sustainability. This can include using energy management
software to monitor energy consumption and identify areas for improvement. Additionally,
automation tools can be used to optimize server utilization and reduce energy waste.