1-During the trial of a 10-year old accused of frequent violent crimes, privacy laws meant that he

could only be referred to in the media as 'Child B'. One newspaper, however, continually referred to
the boy as the 'Devil Child'. Despite many media sources reporting the difficult and violent upbringing
the boy himself had had ,calling for understanding and leniency, many letters sent to newspapers
and comments posted on internet forums showed strong public anger an calls for the harshest
possible sentence . Almost all of those calling for tough measures used the term 'Devil Child'. This
shows that the name alone had influenced public opinion and prevented members of the public
having sympathy for the child.

Which one of the following statements, if true, would strengthen the argument above?

1 The newspaper that used the term 'Devil Child' reported the case and the child's upbringing
accurately.

2 The editors of the newspaper that used the term 'Devil Child' also called for the harshest possible
punishment.

3 The newspaper that used the term 'Devil Child' had also continually referred to his victims as
'İnnocent' and 'defenseless'.

A)1 only

B)2 only

C)3 only

D)1 and 2

E)1 and 3

2-As examination results come out again there will undoubtedly be concerns about the state of the
education system. If the results are good, then we will hear that the examinations are becoming too
easy. On the other hand, if the results are poor, then we will hear about the poor state of funding for
the education sector. Since there will be negative stories in the press either way, we should ignore
these stories and not worry about them.

Which one of the following is the best statement of the flaw in the above argument?

A)The options are restricted to the results being either good or bad.

B)It makes an unwarranted attack on the press.

C)It makes a prediction about the future which is not supported by any evidence.

D)It fails to establish that examinations are becoming easier.

E)The fact that a negative story is inevitable does not mean that it should be ignored.
3-There has been far too much fuss about the dangers of young people using the drug ecstasy. We
need to get things in proportion. The use of ecstasy causes only 30 deaths per year in Britain,
whereas horse riding causes 100 deaths per year. Thus campaigns over recent years to discourage
young people from using ecstasy are not necessary. As the comparison with horse riding clearly
shows, taking ecstasy is nowhere near as dangerous as many people believe.

Which of the following identify/identifies a weakness in the above argument?

1 More young people may use ecstasy if there were no campaigns about its dangers.

2 The argument assumes that horse riding should not be considered too dangerous.

3 There may be fewer young people using ecstasy than engaging in horse riding .

A)1 only

B)2 only

C)3 only

D)1 and 2 only

E)1,2 and 3

4-62 trillion spam emails are sent every year, amounting to emissions of more than 17 million tons of
carbon dioxide, one of the main contributors to global warming . More effective spam filtering could
reduce the amount by %75 ,which would be the equivalent of taking 2,3 million cars off the road
would not deal with the extra energy being used to send out the messages in the first place,
however. A better strategy would be to fight spam at the source. When one global web hosting firm
was taken offline after it was found to have ties to spammers, global spam volume fell briefly by 70
%.

Which one of the following is a conclusion that could be drawn from the above passage?

A)It is always better to fight problems at the source.

B)Reducing spam is a higher priority than easing congestion on the roads.

C)Action to deal with global warming should include tackling spam as one of the strategies.

D)Spam filtering systems should be improved as much as possible.

E)Action to stop spam will never have long lasting effects.

4-Amnesty International (AL),a non-governmental organization for the protection of human rights
enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, opposes the death penalty .Which one of
the following reasons for opposing the death penalty is inconsistent with the principles of Al.

A)The death penalty is contrary to theological principles.

B) The death penalty can be carried out on an innocent person.

C) The death penalty is cruel, inhuman and degrading.

D) The death penalty is not a deterrent against crime.

E) The death penalty, once carried out, cannot be reversed.

5-We constantly split our attention between the people we are with and what's happening on our
mobile phone screens. Onscreen multitasking makes us less efficient as well as less emotionally
engaged with others. It takes 64 seconds to recover our train of thought after interruption by a
message (that's 8.5 hours a week wasted if we check our screens every five minutes)and when we've
sent an email or SMS text message ,the brain goes through a series of semiconscious calculations as
we wonder when and how the recipient will reply. The result is that we're not 'present' for several
minutes afterwards. In order to function effectively in the workplace, we need to switch off our
communication hardware.

Which one of the following is the best statement of the flaw in the above argument?

A) Without the means to send and receive information instantly, our effectiveness may be
compromised.

B)İn many work environments you may not be allowed to use personal mobile phones.

C)People may be unwilling to make less use of their mobile phones.

D)We may need to have some 'down time' in order to recharge our mental batteries.

E)It may only be the younger workers who use mobile phone technology to excess.
6-Last winter, heavy snowfalls prompted criticism of the Government for failing to ensure that the
country is prepared for severe weather .Billions of pounds were lost to businesses through workers
being unable to make their journey to work during a week of heavy snowfall. Others felt that these
costs should be accepted philosophically. Given that the likelihood of a prolonged period of heavy
snow in the UK is very low, it could be said that the high cost of investing in preventative measures
would be unreasonable. Governments have to make an assessment of the probability of the event
occurring, the cost of preventative measures and the cost of the event happening. In some cases,
the cost of preventative measures is too high when the risk is low. The recent severe weather is
one such case. One might also consider the threats of pandemics such as bird flu or asteroids hitting
the earth ,both of which might be considered low risk but high cost.

Which of the following best expresses the main conclusion of the argument above?

A)The Government has a responsibility to assess risks and costs of possible events.

B) The Government was right not to spend heavily on precautions against prolonged snowfall.

C) The Government should be spending more to protect us against pandemics and asteroids.

D) The Government should have spent more on precautions against prolonged snowfall .

E) The Government should compensate businesses for the billions of pounds lost during a week of
snow.
7)It has been celebrated recently that hydrogen fuelled buses are being introduced into London. This
is because the use of hydrogen as a fuel is better for the environment as there are not emissions of
carbon dioxide .The new buses carry the same number of passengers and will be travelling exactly
the same routes as the ones that they are replacing .However, commercially sold hydrogen is
produced from natural gas. The process to produce one tonne of hydrogen from natural gas puts ,on
average ,eight tonnes of carbon dioxide. The further costs of transporting the fuel to the bus depot
also need to be considered. We should therefore not welcome the introduction of these buses.

Given that the following extra information is available:

1 The distance that each type of bus can travel using one tonne of fuel.

2 The distance that each bus needs to travel every week.

3 The amount of carbon dioxide emitted when the existing buses use one tonne of fuel .

4 For each type of fuel ,the amount of carbon dioxide emitted ,in transporting one tonne of fuel to
the bus depot .

Which of the pieces of information would we need to know in order to determine whether or not the
argument is flawed?

A)1,2 and 3 only

B)1,2 and 4 only

C)1,3 and 4 only

D)2,3 and 4 only

E)1,2,3 and 4