19

148. What is a microburst?

a. Air descending at high speed, the air is colder than the surrounding air
b. Air is descending at high speed; the air is warmer than the surrounding air
c. A small Tropical Revolving Storm
d. A small depression with high wind speeds

149. Clear ice is most likely to form

a. -10°C to -17°C b. -30°C to -40°C
c. -20°C to -30°C d -40°C to -60°C

150. How do you calculate the lowest flight level?

a. Lowest QNH and lowest negative temperature below ISA
b. Lowest QNH and highest negative temperature below ISA
c. Highest QNH and highest temperature above ISA
d. Highest QNH and lowest temperature

151. Which cloud would you encounter the most intensive rain?
a. Ci b. Ns
c. St d. Sc

152. What height is the tropopause and at what temperature?

a. At the poles 8km and -16°C b. At the pole 18km and -75°C
c. At the equator 8km and -40°C d. At the equator 18km and -76°C

153. Where do you get freezing rain?

a. Rain hitting the ground and freezing on impact
b. Rain falling into warmer air
c. Rain falling from an inversion into an area below 0°C
d. Rain falling into colder air and freezing into pellets

154. Which of the following is worst for icing?

a. Speed and shape of aerofoil
b. Relative humidity and temperature
c. Size of droplet and temperature
d. Freezing levels

155. Which of the following will give the greatest difference between temperature and dew
point?
a. Dry air b. Moist air
c. Cold air d. Warm air

156. CB cloud in summer contains

a. Water droplets
 20

b. Ice crystals
c. Water droplets, ice crystals and super cooled water droplets
d. Water droplets and ice crystals

157. Solar radiation heats the atmosphere by

a. Heating the air directly
b. Heating the surface, this then heats the air in the atmosphere
c. Heating the water vapour in the atmosphere directly
d. Heating the water vapour directly unless there are clouds present

158. How are CBs that are not close to other CBs described on a SIGMET?
a. Isolated b. Embedded
c. Frequent d. Occasional

159. When do you mainly get cold occlusions?

a. Summer b. Autumn and winter
c. Winter d. Winter and spring

160. What affects how much water vapour the air can hold?
a. RH b. Temperature
c. Dew point d. Pressure

161. In a METAR/TAF what is VV?

a. RVR in metres b. Vertical visibility
c. Horizontal visibility in metres d. Vertical visibility in feet

162. In an METAR the cloud height is above

a. MSL b. Aerodrome level
c. The measuring station d. The highest point within 5Km

163. Aerodrome at MSL, QNH is 1022. QFF is

a. Greater than 1022
b. Less than 1022
c. Same as QNH
d. Cannot tell without temperature information

164. Air at the upper levels of the atmosphere is diverging. What would you expect at the
surface?
a. Rise in pressure with clouds dissipating
b. Rise in pressure with clouds forming
c. Fall in pressure with cloud dissipating
d. Fall in pressure with cloud forming
 21

165. What happens to the stability of the atmosphere in an inversion? (Temp increasing with
height)
a. Absolutely stable b. Unstable
c. Conditionally stable d. Conditionally unstable

166. What happens to stability of the atmosphere in an isothermal layer? (Temp constant
with height)
a. Absolutely stable b. Unstable
c. Conditionally stable d. Conditionally unstable

167. Air temperature in the afternoon is +12°C with a dew point of +5°C. What temperature
change must happen for saturation to occur?
a. cool to +5°C b. cool by 5°C
c. cool to +6°C d. cool to +7°C

168. What is the gradient of a warm front?

a. 1:50 b. 1:150
c. 1:300 d. 1:500

169. Subsidence would be described as

a. Vertical ascension of air b. Horizontal movement of air
c. The same as convection d. Vertical down flow of air

170. What is the technical term for an increase in temperature with altitude?
a. Inversion b. Advection
c. Adiabatic d. Subsidence

171. What units are used to measure vertical wind shear?

a. m/sec b. kts
c. kts/100ft d. kms/100ft

172. What causes the formation of aircraft contrails at certain altitudes?

a. Water vapour that condenses behind the engines
b. Soot particles from the engine exhaust
c. Water vapour that condenses in the wing tips due to pressure changes in the relative
warm air
d. Un burnt fuel
.
173. QNH is 1003. At FL100 true altitude is 10,000ft. Is it
a. Warmer than ISA b. Colder than ISA
c. Same as ISA d. Cannot tell
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174. Winds in western India

a. SW monsoon in summer, NE monsoon in winter
b. NE monsoon in summer and SW monsoon in winter
c. SE monsoon in summer and SW monsoon in winter
d. SE monsoon in summer and NE monsoon in winter

175. Ice pellets on the ground are evident that

a. A warm front has past
b. A cold front has passed
c. There are thunderstorms in the area
d. There maybe freezing rain at a higher level

176. You have to fly through a warm front. The freezing level in the warm air is at 10,000ft
and the freezing layer in the cold air is at 2,000ft. Where are you least likely to encounter
freezing rain?
a. 12,000ft b. 9,000ft
c. 5,000ft d. 3,000ft

177. You are flying at FL170. The pressure level which is closest to you is the
a. 300mb b. 700mb
c. 500mb d. 850mb

178. When you have icing conditions forecast on-route, on what chart would you find this
information?
a. 500hPa b. 300hPa
c. Surface charts d. Significant weather charts

179. The average duration of a microburst

a. 1-5 mins b. 10mins
c. 15mins d. less than 2mins

180. How is QFE determined from QNH?

a. Using the temperature of the airfield and the elevation of the airfield
b. Using the temperature
c. Using the elevation
d. Using the temperature at MSL and the elevation of the airfield

181. Which cloud would produce showers?

a. NS b. AS
c. CS d. CB

182. What clears radiation fog?

a. Temperature drop b. Wind speed decreases
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c. Wind speed increases d. Mixing

183. QFE is 1000hPa with an airfield elevation of 200m AMSL. What is QNH?
a. 976 hPa b. 1024 hPa
c. 1008 hPa d. 992 hPa

184. With the approach of a warm front

a. QNH/QFE decreases b. QNH/QFE increases
c. QNH decreases and QFE increases d. QNH increases and QFE
decreases

185. With the approach of a cold front, temperature will

a. Decrease b. Remain the same
c. Increase d. Decrease then increase

186. On a surface weather chart, isobars are lines of

a. QNH b. QFE
c. QFF d. QNE

187. What is the effect of a strong low level inversion?

a. Good visibility b. Calm conditions
c. Turbulence d. Unstable conditions
188. A moist stable air mass is forced to rise against a mountain range. What might you
expect?
a. Large Cu clouds and turbulence b. Altocumulus Lenticularis
c. Cap clouds and standing waves d. Clear skies

189. Air temperature is 12°C, Dew point is 10°C and the sea temperature is 8°C. What might
you expect if the air is blown over the sea?
a. Steaming fog b. Radiation fog
c. Arctic smoke d. Advection fog

190. A cold pool over land in summer would give rise to:
a. Clear skies
b. Low stratus with intermittent rain
c. A potentially very unstable atmosphere
d. Extensive industrial haze

191. Near industrial areas with lots of smoke what the worst situation is for met vis:
a. Low level inversion b. Strong winds
c. Fast moving cold fronts d. Cb’s in the area
 24

192. Upper level winds are forecast in significant weather charts as:
a. True/knots b. Magnetic/knots
c. Magnetic/km/h d. True/km/h2

193. METAR winds are meaned over the. ............. period immediately preceding the time of
observation.
a. 10 minute b. 30 minute
c. 1 hour d. 1 minute

194. Main TAF’s at large aerodromes are valid for approximately:

a 1 hour b. 2 hours
c. 6 hours d. 24 hours

195. The most severe in-flight icing occurs in:

a. Cb b. Cu
c. Ns d. FZRA

196. Which of the following constituents in the atmosphere has the greatest effect on the
weather?
a. Nitrogen b. Oxygen
c. Hydrogen d. Water Vapour

197. When would you mostly likely get fair weather Cu?
a. 15:00 b. 12:00
c. 17:00 d. 07:00

198. RVR is defined as being

a. The maximum distance an observer on the runway can see marker boards by day and
runway lights by night
b. The maximum distance a pilot in the threshold area at 15ft above the runway can see
marker boards by day or runway lights by night, when looking in the direction of takeoff or
landing.
c. The maximum distance in metres a pilot 15ft above the touchdown zone can see marker
boards by day and runway lights by night in the direction of take-off
d. The distance it would be possible to see an observer 15ft above the runway when
standing in the direction of take-off or landing.

199. What type of cloud extends into another level?

a. As b. Acc
c. Ns d. Ci

200. Ceilometers measure

a. RVR b. Cloud height