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differential protection of power system

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26 views3 pages

Slides Speach

differential protection of power system

Uploaded by

asmaaabdalwhab6
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Slide 3

The transformer is the device that is used to transferee the power through two isolated circuits.
It is used to step up the voltage or step it down. It is consisting of two coils the primary coil and
the secondary coil the power is fed to the primary coil and the load is connected to the
secondary coil. The two coils are electrically isolated but magnetically connected. The power is
transferred inside the transformer according to the electromagnetic induction.

The main parts of the transformer are the primary winding, the secondary winding and the
core. The voltage induced in the secondary winding is proportional to the its number of turns
and also the primary one. The two currents of the primary and secondary coils are related
according to the turns ration of the transformer which keeps the flow of current inside the
transformer is balanced.

Slide 4
The fault is the unusual action occurs in the system causing unbalance of its internal variables
like the voltage or current. It results in large increasing of this values which causes overheating,
damaging and burning the electrical devices.

Fauls of the transformer may occur because of short circuit between two windings or between
one winding an earth. Large value of the current flows in the transformer coils when theses
faults occur so, the windings are burnt and the transformer can't be used any mor which is a
huge cost for the operators because the transformer is a very expensive device.

Also, the damage of theses large currents can reach the connected transmission lines and other
devices like motors or generators.

Slide 5:

The main aim of this project is to study the differential protection system of the transformer to
detect the fault currents inside it and isolate the transformer immediately to prevent damaging
it and prevent the damage to extend to the rest of the electrical grid.

Discussing the construction of the differential protection system and its principles.

Studying the construction of the transformer is a necessary step to understand the


performance of the protection system. Recognizing the importance of the transformer and the
role of the differential protection system for the electrical grid.
Slide 6:

The differential protection is a protection system can be used for different types of the
electrical devises like the transformer, the motor, or the generator. It depends on the
comparison between two values of currents which must be fixed and balanced inside the
system. When the system detects a difference between the two input values it can order a
tripping circuit to isolate the transformer and bring it out of service.

Fuses has been used for protection of power systems at first, after that, protection systems
used to compare between the voltage of one phase and ground. The electromechanical relays
have been used for the three-phase system and differential protection of the transformers and
then microprocessor-based relays has been used. Communication technologies can be
integrated in the system for remote monitoring

Slide 7

The construction of the differential protection system contains two current transformers for the
primary and the secondary sides, restraint coil, and the tripping circuit of the connected circuit
breakers.

The current transformers are used to transferee the currents values to the restraint coil
according to their turns ratio while the transformer current is too large to pass through the
relay coil. The differential relay is used to compare between the two applied values. The
restraint coil where the difference between the two coils flow through it. If the difference
between the two values acceded a preset value, the relay will order the tripping circuit to bring
the transformer out of service.

Slide 8:

 There are several benefits of the differential protection system like high sensitivity to
the increase of the current. When an increase occurs in the internal current of the
transformer the protection system can isolate the transformer immediately.
Where time is a very important factor in the protection process which must be solved in
no time to decrease the losses as much as we can.
This system can be used for different devices and can also integrate real time measuring
and communication system to raise the system efficiency.
 For the disadvantages of this system, it may be affected by the inrush currents or the
magnetizing currents occurs when the transformer is interred to service and causes
wrong detection of faults at the start of the transformer's working. It also may trip when
a large short circuit currents occurs in the system and disconnected the transformer
with no fault occurs inside it.
Slide 9:
The transformer is base device in the electrical system that must be protected against
the internal and external devices.
The differential protection is the system that can protect the transformer from the
internal faults like winding-to-winding faults and winding to ground faults and detect
the difference between the two input values of the primary and secondary currents.
Communication system and real time monitoring technique can be integrated in the
differential protection system to provide remote control of it and and connected devices
in the grid to raise the system reliability and efficiency.

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