These questions are for use in the Virginia High School League’s

Scholastic Bowl competition at the Junior Varsity level for the 2006-
07 school year. Avery Enterprises of Johnstown, Colorado is the
author of these questions.

Districts must observe the following conditions, which must be

known by all coaches, competitors and spectators of the
competition:

(a) Release of these questions to any entity not affiliated with the competition or the
schools that are members of the given District, without prior approval of Shawn Pickrell,
is prohibited. This is meant to keep question security.
(b) The discussion or other reference to these questions with other entities in the
Commonwealth of Virginia that are associated in any way with Scholastic Bowl
competition is prohibited. This is also meant to keep question security.
(c) These questions may not be released AT ANY TIME to entities outside the
Commonwealth of Virginia, except with prior approval of Shawn Pickrell. Discussion of
these questions, however, is permitted between entities within and without the
Commonwealth of Virginia This will apply to ANY entity in the Commonwealth of
Virginia that receives these questions, be it directly from Shawn Pickrell or indirectly
through various means.

First period: 15 tossups, 10 points each

1. The British woman who wrote the recent book Around the World in 80 Dates based
her title on the classic novel Around the World in 80 Days by--what French author?

ANSWER: Jules Verne

2. The first Spanish mission along the California coast was founded there in 1769. Name
this city that is now the second-largest in the state.

ANSWER: San Diego

3. In football, the penalties of roughing the kicker, unsportsmanlike conduct and yanking
a face mask are all worth--how many yards?

ANSWER: 15 yards

4. Sometimes called "eight days sickness", you can avoid it by getting a booster vaccine
every 10 years and staying away from puncture wounds. Identify this disease, also called
"lockjaw."

ANSWER: tetanus (accept "lockjaw" before it is said)

5. Pencils and paper ready! Draw a horizontal line AB, crossed by a transversal line CD
(where A is at the left and C is at the top). The two lines intersect at point E. If the angle
AEC is 65°, calculate the angle CEB.

ANSWER: 115° (since sum is 180°)

6. In 2006, the Berlin Underworlds Association officially marked the spot where—what
world leader killed himself in 1945 in a bunker?

ANSWER: Adolf Hitler

7. Boiling water so it turns to steam and then allowing the steam to recondense creates—
what specific type of water, often used in chemistry experiments because it is free of
minerals and other impurities?

ANSWER: distilled water

8. In math, give the relationship between the fractions 4/9 and 9/4.

ANSWER: reciprocals

9. Mark Twain once said, "In me, you have [the combination which makes the perfect
man]: Connecticut culture… and the morals of"--what state where Twain was born?

ANSWER: Missouri

10. Pencils and paper ready! Give the shooting percentage of a basketball player who
makes 11 baskets in 40 shots.

ANSWER: 27.5%

11. She was sentenced by the god Juno to never use her tongue until spoken to. What
nymph lost her great love Narcissus and then faded away until only her voice remained?

ANSWER: Echo

12. What singer's biography Broken Music tells of his early days with the rock group The
Police?

ANSWER: Sting (or Gordon Sumner)

13. What group of animals that have jointed legs but no spine includes crabs and most
insects?

ANSWER: Arthropoda or arthropods

14. Pencils and paper ready! Give the value of z in the equation 4z + 6 = 54.

ANSWER: 12

15. Give the correct spelling of the word that completes the Tennessee Williams title The
Glass [blank].

ANSWER: M-E-N-A-G-E-R-I-E
Second period, 10 directed questions per team, 10 points each

Questions with an “A” after their number are read to the team that selects set A.
Questions with a “B” after their number are read to the team that selects set B.

1A. The highest-altitude airport in the world is the El Alto Airport in La Paz [poss],
which is one of the capitals of--what South American country?

ANSWER: Bolivia

1B. One recent best-selling book was--what book about America before Columbus,
whose title is the year before Columbus came to America?

ANSWER: 1491

2A. What company, created in the early 1900’s by combining several different
automobile makers into one, now makes the Pontiac and the Chevrolet?

ANSWER: General Motors (or GM)

2B. What fast-food chain's ads feature nearly-illiterate cows who encourage you to eat
more chicken?

ANSWER: Chick-Fil-A

3A. What percussion instrument, struck with a thin metal rod, consists of a metal bar bent
into a three-sided shape?

ANSWER: triangle

3B. As of September 15, 2006, who is the Secretary-General of the United Nations?

ANSWER: Kofi Annan

4A. Actress Anne Bancroft won both a Tony and an Oscar for her role as Annie Sullivan
in--what play and movie about Helen Keller?

ANSWER: The Miracle Worker

4B. The Caloris [ca-LOAR-us] Basin is found on--what planet with a rotational period of
nearly 59 days and an orbit lasting only 88 days?

ANSWER: Mercury
5A. What strong acid, also called "aqua fortis", has chemical formula HNO3?

ANSWER: nitric acid

5B. It is now the fastest-growing energy source in the world. Name this solid fuel that is
burned at the rate of a billion tons per year in the U.S.

ANSWER: coal

6A. The three-letter endings "ado" and "ido" (spell these out) are the two endings for past
participles in--what language?

ANSWER: Spanish

6B. Pencils and paper ready! You have 14 coins, all of which are either a dime or a
quarter. How many quarters do you have if the 14 coins add up to $2.75?

ANSWER: 9 (x + y = 14 and 10x + 25y = 275, so x = 5, y = 9)7A.

7A. They consist of four carbon rings that touch each other; their differences lie in what
is attached to those rings. Identify this class of substances, sometimes ingested by top-
level athletes to help physical performance.

ANSWER: steroids

7B. Several of Felix Mendelssohn's sets of Songs Without Words each include a piece
that is supposed to remind you of the gondolas in--which Italian city?

ANSWER: Venice

8A. The recent E.L. Doctorow [DOCK-ta-row] novel The March is a fictionalized
account of the 1864 Union march through Georgia by what--Civil War general?

ANSWER: William T. Sherman

8B. A recent story about Jesus as a 7-year-old boy was written by--what American
author, far more famous for her vampire novels?

ANSWER: Anne Rice

9A. The recent book A Crack in the Edge of the World marks the 100th anniversary of--
what California event that took place in 1906?

ANSWER: the San Francisco earthquake

9B. Most kids hate eating it out of a can—but in 2006, you couldn't eat it fresh either, for
fear of serious health problems. Name this vegetable, beloved by Popeye the Sailor, that
was contaminated with the E. coli bacteria.

ANSWER: spinach

10A. Pencils and paper ready! A quiz team's scores increase from 150 points per game
last year to 180 points this year. Calculate the percentage increase.

ANSWER: 20% (30/150) (not 16 2/3% or 30/180)

10B. The Yad Vashem museum in Jerusalem, recently expanded, now contains a
museum of art created during the 6 years of --what World War II Nazi atrocity?

ANSWER: the Holocaust (accept Shoah)

Third period, 15 toss-ups, 10 points each

1. In the newest Harry Potter novel, give the two-word term for the "liquid luck" potion
that Harry receives.

ANSWER: Felix Felicis

2. Give the term for the process of making your Web site fit the particular culture of a
given area or country.

ANSWER: localization (accept forms of word)

3. He learned to etch by drawing maps for the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey. Name
this painter of Old Battersea Bridge, The Falling Rocket, and a portrait of his mother.

ANSWER: James Abbott MacNeil Whistler

4. In its recent ad campaign, what Western state called itself "Camp YaGottaGo" to
emphasize the outdoor fun you can have in towns like Rock Springs, Laramie [LAIR-a-
mee] and Cheyenne?

ANSWER: Wyoming

5. Pencils and paper ready! Two evenly-matched teams A and B play a 7-game series. If
Team A wins the first 3 games, what is the probability that Team B will win the last 4?

ANSWER: 1/16 ([1/2]4)

6. The U.S. Constitution states that all bills to raise revenue for the federal government
must be introduced by--what legislative body?

ANSWER: House of Representatives (prompt on "House")

7. In Acts chapter 20, what famed religious leader is credited with the quote, "It is more
blessed to give than to receive?"

ANSWER: Paul quotes Jesus Christ

8. Cincinnati, Marquette, DePaul and Louisville are among the top men's college
basketball teams that now play in--what conference?

ANSWER: Big East

9. Name the actor who has finished his fourth John Rambo movie and is now working on
his sixth Rocky Balboa movie.

ANSWER: Sylvester Stallone

10. In 2006, a judge granted his son Thomas the legal rights to 10 of his works. Name
this American author whose son received the movie rights to The Long Valley and The
Red Pony and will eventually control the novel The Grapes of Wrath.

ANSWER: John Steinbeck

11. Gateway Arch architect Eero Saarinen [EER-o SAR-a-nunn] also designed the
Moline [mo-leen], Illinois headquarters of--what company, famed for its green tractors?

ANSWER: John Deere (prompt on "Deere")

12. One of the most popular historical books in recent memory was the David
McCullough story of --what year that saw the signing of America's Declaration of
Independence?

ANSWER: 1776

13. A recent book discusses five chemical elements commonly used as poisons,
including--what element with atomic number 80, one of only two elements that is liquid
at room temperature?

ANSWER: mercury

14. It recently became the first of five cities to be transferred from Israel to the
Palestinian Authority. Name this town whose walls were marched around by the Biblical
prophet Joshua until they all fell down.

ANSWER: Jericho

15. What condition that usually accompanies an injury can be treated with first aid by
remembering the phrase, "If the face is red, you raise the head; if the face is pale, you
raise the tail" ?

ANSWER: shock
Spare questions (try to replace the question discarded with the spare question in the
same subject area – i.e. science for science, etc.) Be sure to mark off questions as they
are used.

1. A negative charge at the bottom of a cloud is attracted to positive charges at the earth's
surface. Name the weather phenomenon that results from this attraction.

ANSWER: lightning

2. His weekly 2006 work project will help build more than 100 houses in a small town in
India. Name this former U.S. President and Nobel Peace Prize winner.

ANSWER: Jimmy Carter

3. What Broadway musical features a Master of Ceremonies who sings a "Welcome"

song in 3 languages: English, French and German?

ANSWER: Cabaret

4. It took effect in 2005 even though the United States has not adopted it. Name this
international treaty on climate change.

ANSWER: Kyoto Protocol

5. Nobel Peace Prize winner Oscar Arias began his second term in 2006 as head of—
what Central American country-- the same job he had when he won the Prize?

ANSWER: Costa Rica

END OF MATCH 1
These questions are for use in the Virginia High School League’s
Scholastic Bowl competition at the Junior Varsity level for the 2006-
07 school year. Avery Enterprises of Johnstown, Colorado is the
author of these questions.

Districts must observe the following conditions, which must be

known by all coaches, competitors and spectators of the
competition:

(a) Release of these questions to any entity not affiliated with the competition or the
schools that are members of the given District, without prior approval of Shawn Pickrell,
is prohibited. This is meant to keep question security.
(b) The discussion or other reference to these questions with other entities in the
Commonwealth of Virginia that are associated in any way with Scholastic Bowl
competition is prohibited. This is also meant to keep question security.
(c) These questions may not be released AT ANY TIME to entities outside the
Commonwealth of Virginia, except with prior approval of Shawn Pickrell. Discussion of
these questions, however, is permitted between entities within and without the
Commonwealth of Virginia This will apply to ANY entity in the Commonwealth of
Virginia that receives these questions, be it directly from Shawn Pickrell or indirectly
through various means.

First period: 15 tossups, 10 points each

1. It can look like a funnel, a triangle, an orb, or just a plain tangled mess, especially
when a fly gets caught in it! Name this device used by spiders to catch their food.

ANSWER: web

2. Evansville, Valparaiso [val-pa-RAY-zo], Ball State, Purdue and Notre Dame are
among the colleges located in--what state?

ANSWER: Indiana

3. She became the first female anchor ever of an evening TV network newscast in 2006.
Name this journalist who replaced Bob Schieffer reading the "CBS Evening News."

ANSWER: Katie Couric

4. When it arrived in New York City, its pedestal wasn’t done yet. Identify this famed
statue that was rededicated in New York on its 100th anniversary in 1986.

ANSWER: Statue of Liberty

5. What author has a memorial in Britain's Westminster Abbey for her literary career that
included the novels Persuasion and Sense and Sensibility ?

ANSWER: Jane Austen

6. You can buy a coloring book with pictures of it sitting in the dock in Southampton,
England. What ship's passengers had to jump into the icy North Atlantic in 1912 after it
hit an iceberg?

ANSWER: Titanic

7. Starting up a business involves a lot of paperwork with the federal government,

including obtaining an Employer Identification Number from--what tax entity?

ANSWER: Internal Revenue Service or IRS

8. What country's 2006 World Cup soccer teams went by the nickname "Socceroos"
[soccer-ooze]?

ANSWER: Australia

9. As of September 15, 2006, Alphonso Jackson serves as head of--what Cabinet-level

position that supervises the FHA program for home mortgages?

ANSWER: Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (or HUD)

10. It is a group of electrical cells, connected in series, that provides an energy source for
a circuit. Name this object, sold commercially in 9-volt, D, C, double-A and triple-A
sizes.

ANSWER: battery

11. 17th-century astronomer Giovanni Cassini is credited with discovering—what planet's

Great Red Spot?

ANSWER: Jupiter

12. In the novel To Kill A Mockingbird, name the man defended by Atticus Finch.

ANSWER: Tom Robinson (prompt on "Tom")

13. Give the English translation of the Spanish word "cabeza" [kaw-BAY-saw].

ANSWER: head
14. Pencils and paper ready! After 1, give the next positive integer whose perfect square
ends with the digit 1.

ANSWER: 9 (not 81)

15. Its title was the inspiration for the current sitcom starring Chris Rock. Name this
sitcom that, during its run, featured supporting characters named Robert, Frank, Marie
and Debra.

ANSWER: Everybody Loves Raymond

Second period, 10 directed questions per team, 10 points each

Questions with an “A” after their number are read to the team that selects set A.
Questions with a “B” after their number are read to the team that selects set B.

1A. What Arthur Miller play ends with its title character running his car into a tree to
give the life insurance money to his son Biff?

ANSWER: Death of a Salesman

1B. A 3% excise tax on America's telephone service was finally removed in 2006, more
than 100 years after the tax was originally imposed to fight--what war that began in
1898?

ANSWER: Spanish-American War

2A. Pencils and paper ready! If f(x) [f of x] = 5x2 + 4x – 3, calculate, as a fraction, the
value of f(2) divided by f(-2).

ANSWER: 25/9 or 2 7/9

2B. Pencils and paper ready! Solution A is a 1.6-molar solution of salt water, while
solution B is a 0.6-molar solution of salt water. If you mix equal amounts of Solutions A
and B, what is the strength of the resulting solution?

ANSWER: 1.1 molar

3A. Who played the Man of Steel in the 2006 film Superman Returns?

ANSWER: Brandon Routh (rhymes with "south")

3B. What Midwestern state has a license plate that features a loon (its state bird) along
with its slogan, "Land of 10,000 Lakes"?

ANSWER: Minnesota

4A. General, local, spinal, and epidural [ep-a-DURR-ul] are all ways to give--what kind
of drug, used to put you (or a part of you) to sleep during a medical procedure?

ANSWER: anesthesia or anesthetic(s)

4B. Pencils and paper ready! Calculate the height of a trapezoid with an area of 132
square inches and bases 8 inches and 16 inches long.

ANSWER: 11 inches [(8 + 16)/2 x 11 = 132)

5A. What word means "to make up a brand-new comedy skit in front of an audience as
you go along"?

ANSWER: improvise

5B. What foliated metamorphic rock is formed when shale deposits, created from mud,
are exposed to great pressure?

ANSWER: slate

6A. What term did Karl Marx use to describe the lower classes that will eventually revolt
and overthrow the bourgeoisie [bur-zwah-ZEE]?

ANSWER: proletariat

6B. What is the economic term for a company that is the only maker of a product for
which there are no real substitutes?

ANSWER: monopoly

7A. The story goes that he was almost guillotined in 1794 until his wife beat Robespierre
in two chess games. Name this American author of Common Sense.

ANSWER: Thomas Paine

7B. In the novel Uncle Tom's Cabin, what character is saved from drowning as a small
child but dies not long after that?

ANSWER: Evangeline St. Clair (accept either) (accept Little Eva)

8A. Leonardo da Vinci spent the first 30 years of his life in—what Italian city that now
contains the Uffizi [oo-FEET-see] art gallery?

ANSWER: Florence

8B. Platoon, Wall Street, Born on the Fourth of July and JFK were all films by—what
director who, in 2006, gave us the movie World Trade Center?

ANSWER: Oliver Stone

9A. He and his mistress Clarissa were executed in 1945 and hung upside down in Milan,
Italy. Name this dictator sometimes called "Il Duce."

ANSWER: Benito Mussolini

9B. What stringed instrument, popular in country music, has a neck like a guitar and a
body like a tambourine?

ANSWER: banjo

10A. In math, what quantity of a rectangle is equal to twice the length plus twice the
width?

ANSWER: perimeter

10B. Of the 9 Supreme Court Justices, which one is black?

ANSWER: Clarence Thomas

Third period, 15 toss-ups, 10 points each

1. Like the epiglottis, it helps prevent food from going down the wrong way when you
swallow. Some people with sleep apnea undergo surgery to have it reduced in size. Name
this body part that hangs down from the soft palate behind the tongue.

ANSWER: uvula [YOOV-ya-la]

2. Some said that a drink from it brought instant death. Name this river, crossed by
Charon (kar-on) in a ferry that brought the souls of the dead to the underworld in Hades.

ANSWER: Styx

3. In 2006, Connecticut's 3-term incumbent U.S. Senator lost his primary election but
campaigned as an independent. Name him.

ANSWER: Joe Lieberman

4. What comedian once said, "If you have a complete set of salad bowls that all say Cool
Whip on the side, you might be a redneck" ?

ANSWER: Jeff Foxworthy

5. Just before its newest book was released, Amazon.com's website showed, in the place
where the picture of the cover normally goes, the words "Art Too Awful to Show" and a
"Title Too Terrible to Reveal." Name this set of books by Lemony Snicket.

ANSWER: A Series of Unfortunate Events

6. One reason peanuts became a popular crop in the South is that growing peanuts
replaces the nitrogen in the soil that is removed when growing --what other popular
Southern crop?

ANSWER: cotton

7. Your chemistry lab should have an MSDS for every dangerous substance it contains
that tells how dangerous it can be and what to do in case a problem develops with it. Give
the four words in the acronym MSDS.

ANSWER: Material Safety Data Sheet

8. Pencils and paper ready! If you go to the local office-supply store and buy 4 boxes of
60 envelopes and 5 boxes of 25 envelopes, how many total envelopes did you buy?

ANSWER: 365
9. Rush Limbaugh calls him "Sheets" for his youthful membership in the Ku Klux Klan.
Name this longtime U.S. Senator who seems to have half the landmarks in West Virginia
named for him.

ANSWER: Robert Byrd

10. Pencils and paper ready! An isosceles triangle has one side that is 4 inches longer
than the other two. How long is the longest side if the perimeter of the triangle is 73
inches?

ANSWER: 27 inches (not 23: 3x + 4 = 73, x = 23—but question wants longest side)

11. Its official rules include an "expedite system" to finish any game lasting more than 10
minutes. Name this sport where the official game only goes to 11 points even though
most games in your basement go to 21.

ANSWER: table tennis or ping-pong

12. British scientist Sir Richard Doll recently died, more than 50 years after he quit
smoking when he became the first scientist to discover a link between tobacco and--what
type of cancer?

ANSWER: lung cancer (prompt on "tobacco" or "cancer")

13. Its labyrinth, built in 1664, contained fountains that each depicted an Aesop’s Fable
designed to teach the next King of France. Name this palace of King Louis XIV.

ANSWER: Palace of Versailles [vur-SIGH]

14. What occasion in the summer of 1969 attracted nearly half a million people to a 600-
acre farm in New York for three days of rock music and general merriment?

ANSWER: Woodstock Festival

15. What European country’s best 19th-century authors included Alessandro Manzoni,
Giovanni Pascoli and Gabriele D’Annunzio?

ANSWER: Italy
Spare questions (try to replace the question discarded with the spare question in the
same subject area – i.e. science for science, etc.) Be sure to mark off questions as they
are used.

1. Recent studies have discovered a third species of--what animal that is different from
both the Bactrian and the dromedary?

ANSWER: camel

2. What novel contains the sentence, “A man would be crazy to fly more missions and
sane if he didn’t, but if he was sane, he’d have to fly them.” ?

ANSWER: Catch-22

3. In 2000, the Supreme Court voted 5 to 4 that tobacco could not be regulated as an
addictive drug by--what federal agency?

ANSWER: FDA or Food and Drug Administration

4. Give the correct spelling of the depressing word "pessimist."

ANSWER: P-E-S-S-I-M-I-S-T

5. Pencils and paper ready! Convert the binary number 1,001 to base-10.

ANSWER: 9

END OF MATCH 2
These questions are for use in the Virginia High School League’s
Scholastic Bowl competition at the Junior Varsity level for the 2006-
07 school year. Avery Enterprises of Johnstown, Colorado is the
author of these questions.

Districts must observe the following conditions, which must be

known by all coaches, competitors and spectators of the
competition:

(a) Release of these questions to any entity not affiliated with the competition or the
schools that are members of the given District, without prior approval of Shawn Pickrell,
is prohibited. This is meant to keep question security.
(b) The discussion or other reference to these questions with other entities in the
Commonwealth of Virginia that are associated in any way with Scholastic Bowl
competition is prohibited. This is also meant to keep question security.
(c) These questions may not be released AT ANY TIME to entities outside the
Commonwealth of Virginia, except with prior approval of Shawn Pickrell. Discussion of
these questions, however, is permitted between entities within and without the
Commonwealth of Virginia This will apply to ANY entity in the Commonwealth of
Virginia that receives these questions, be it directly from Shawn Pickrell or indirectly
through various means.

First period: 15 tossups, 10 points each

1. A modification of it says that a brief "inflation" period lasted less than a nanosecond
after the creation of the universe. Give the common two-word term for this theory, which
says that our universe originated in a massive explosion.

ANSWER: Big Bang theory

2. After he transferred to the German Air Force in 1916, fighter pilot Manfred von
Richthofen’s [RIK-toe-vunz] 80 victories over Allied aircraft earned him --what
“colorful” nickname?

ANSWER: “Red Baron”

3. What four-letter scientific prefix means both "fire" and "one who likes to start fires"?

ANSWER: pyro

4. The classic Akira Kurosawa [curr-a-SAW-wa] film Ran [ronn] is based on--what
Shakespeare play that features Goneril [GON-a-rull], Regan and Cordelia as daughters of
its title character?

ANSWER: King Lear

5. Pencils and paper ready! Tell the point where the two graphs y = 2x + 1 and y = -x + 4
intersect.

ANSWER: (1, 3)

6. Computer files in PDF format must generally be read with--what Adobe software
package?

ANSWER: Adobe Acrobat

7. What mythological creature had the head of a man and the body of a horse?

ANSWER: centaur

8. In Latin, it means “across the forest.” Name this plateau of northwest Romania best
known for its legendary undead inhabitants.

ANSWER: Transylvania

9. What bacterial disease, now rare in the U.S., is rumored to have killed Osama Bin
Laden in 2006?

ANSWER: typhoid fever

10. The chemical elements oxygen, chlorine, hydrogen, fluorine and nitrogen are all in—
what state at room temperature?

ANSWER: gas

11. Shiloh Nouvel was a baby born in 2006 to—what pair of celebrity parents?

ANSWER: Angelina Jolie and Brad Pitt (both names needed)

12. Jacques Plante, Maurice Richard [ree-SHARD] and Guy LaFleur [ghee la-FLURE]
are among the hockey players whose numbers have been retired by--what NHL team?

ANSWER: Montreal or Canadiens

13. Pencils and paper ready! You get to select first on Jeopardy! and run the first
category ("Morons I Have Known") by getting all 5 clues correct. How much money do
you have?

ANSWER: $3,000 (200 + 400 + 600 + 800 + 1,000)

14. A set of Tennessee Williams plays will be released on DVD in 2006, including--what
classic that starred Marlon Brando as Stanley Kowalski?

ANSWER: A Streetcar Named Desire

15. "Aneroid" [ANN-a-royd] and "mercurial" are two main types of --what device that
measures air pressure?

ANSWER: barometer
Second period, 10 directed questions per team, 10 points each

Questions with an “A” after their number are read to the team that selects set A.
Questions with a “B” after their number are read to the team that selects set B.

1A. Give the most common name of the body part officially known as the "tympanic
[tim-PAN-ick] membrane."

ANSWER: eardrum

1B. The Five Good Emperors, which included Marcus Aurelius, Trajan [TRAY-jun] and
Hadrian, ruled--what empire in the second century AD?

ANSWER: Rome or Roman Empire

2A. Pencils and paper ready! Give the two solutions of x for the equation, “The absolute
value of the quantity (x - 3) equals 4.”

ANSWER: 7 and -1

2B. In the story of Alice in Wonderland, which character smokes a hookah while talking
to Alice?

ANSWER: the Caterpillar

3A. In math, what letter represents the number 15 in the hexadecimal or base-16 system?

ANSWER: F

3B. Belgian and Percheron [PURCH-a-ron] are among its so-called "draft" varieties.
Name this common animal whose Arabian and "Tennessee walking" species are
classified as "saddle" varieties.

ANSWER: horses

4A. Give the correct spelling of the icicle-shaped mass that hangs down from the roof of
a cave.

ANSWER: S-T-A-L-A-C-T-I-T-E (not stalagmite)

4B. The paradox named for him says that although most numbers are not perfect squares,
there are as many perfect squares as there are whole numbers. Name this legendary
scientist who, in 1610, found four moons of the planet Jupiter.

ANSWER: Galileo Galilei

5A. Name the California politician that, from 2002 until (at least) the 2006 elections,
served as Minority Leader of the House of Representatives.

ANSWER: Nancy Pelosi [pa-LOW-see]

5B. During the brutal winter of 1839, it killed nearly 4,000 Cherokee Indians before it
ended in Oklahoma. Give the three-word name for this terribly sad journey.

ANSWER: Trail of Tears

6A. Which sport was named ''the official sport of Massachusetts" in 2006 because of its
invention there in 1891 by Dr. James Naismith?

ANSWER: basketball

6B. What major corporation has trademarked the phrase, "The Document Company"?

ANSWER: Xerox

7A. She painted for the last 20 years of her life after arthritis made her give up
embroidery. Name this American artist who died in 1961 at age 101.

ANSWER: Grandma Anna Mary Robertson Moses

7B. Platinum and palladium are among the metals contained in--what car device that
minimizes the vehicle's emissions and can be damaged by leaded gasoline?

ANSWER: catalytic converter

8A. Name the open area of central Beijing where pro-democracy protesters were killed in
1989.

ANSWER: Tienanmen Square

8B. Name the artist whose "Super Mario Brothers Theme" became a "Hot Ringtone" on
the Billboard chart in 2006.

ANSWER: Koji Kondo

9A. After Edward the Confessor died in 1066, his son Harold II became king for 9
months until England was taken over by--what Norman ruler?

ANSWER: William the Conqueror

9B. What major computer maker recalled millions of its batteries in 2006 for its
Precision, Latitude and Inspiron models?

ANSWER: Dell

10A. In biology, a "genotype" [JEE-no-type] is the total genetic code of an organism.

What term is used to describe a single physical trait or characteristic determined by a
genotype?

ANSWER: phenotype [FEE-no-type]

10B. Pencils and paper ready! You are using a wrench to tighten a nut onto a bolt. If
every turn of the wrench tightens the nut by 1/16 inch, how many turns are needed to
tighten the nut 3/4 inch?

ANSWER: 12 (3/4 ÷ 1/16)

Third period, 15 toss-ups, 10 points each

1. In math, what is the generic term for a line segment that goes between any two points
on a circle?

ANSWER: chord

2. The words, "Three-and-two. Finley runs. The payoff pitch. A swing and a drive to
deep center…" were heard by thousands of listeners to San Francisco radio station KNBR
in 2006, and then a microphone went dead just as –what baseball slugger hit his 715th
career home run?

ANSWER: Barry Bonds (prompt on "715th homer" or equivalents; do not accept Babe
Ruth)

3. Pencils and paper ready! In a 200-gram sample of material that is 6% ammonium

chloride, how many actual grams of ammonium chloride are there?

ANSWER: 12 grams (0.06 x 200)

4. Give the most common English translation of the French verb "commencer" [co-men-
sair].

ANSWER: to begin (or start)

5. What religious term commonly describes the period beginning four Sundays before
Christmas?

ANSWER: Advent

6. Caving to political correctness, it renamed its portion sizes "small", "medium" and
"large" in 2006. Identify this restaurant chain who, to keep its customers, however, kept
all the actual sizes the same, so that its new "medium" is its former "Biggie."

ANSWER: Wendy's

7. Pencils and paper ready! If you want to make 3 dozen chocolate chip cookies and each
dozen requires 2 2/3 cups of sugar, how much sugar will you need in all?

ANSWER: 8 cups (3 x 2 2/3)

8. 18th-century Frenchman Denis Diderot [DID-a-row] put one together in 36 volumes.

Name this type of reference work whose titles today include “Encarta” and “World
Book”.

ANSWER: encyclopedia
9. Pencils and paper ready! I will give six common terms relating to proofs in geometry.
You tell which two of the six words mean exactly the same thing. The six words are
"axiom", "lemma", "postulate", "principle", "corollary" and "theorem."

ANSWER: axiom and postulate (both mean "something accepted as true without proof")

10. Tar Baby, Jazz, Sula, Song of Solomon and Beloved are among the literary works of--
what Princeton professor who, in 1993, became the first black American woman to win
the Nobel Prize for literature?

ANSWER: Toni Morrison

11. Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, Turkey and Russia are among the countries that all
border on—what “colorful” body of water?

ANSWER: Black Sea

12. In the late 17th century, the French pointed it straight down, like a clarinet. What
musical instrument is now generally played the “German” way, pointing out to the right
of your head?

ANSWER: flute

13. On HGTV, it features everyday Americans doing their own serious home remodeling
projects. Give this two-word title that also describes amateurs who play serious sports on
Saturday or Sunday.

ANSWER: Weekend Warriors

14. John Kerry had expected 252 electoral votes in the 2004 Presidential election but only
got 251 because one of his electors voted instead for--what man?

ANSWER: Kerry's running mate John Edwards

15. Scientists recently drilled a hole more than 4,000 feet deep in the earth to check for
the existence of--what geological discontinuity that is said to exist between the earth's
crust and its mantle?

ANSWER: Mohorovicic discontinuity

Spare questions (try to replace the question discarded with the spare question in the
same subject area – i.e. science for science, etc.) Be sure to mark off questions as they
are used.

1. In the novel Crime and Punishment, name the man who commits the two murders.

ANSWER: Rodion Raskolnikov

2. "Constitution Day" in the U.S. is September 17th because that was the date when the
U.S. Constitution was signed in--what year?

ANSWER: 1787

3. In chemistry, the type of covalent bond formed when two "s" orbitals collide and
overlap with each other is known by—what Greek letter?

ANSWER: sigma bonds

4. Though the recent novel The Colorado Kid was published in the series "Hard Case
Crime", it was actually written by--what master of horror stories like The Shining and The
Dead Zone?

ANSWER: Stephen King

5. Name the national landmark, the only one not reopened after September 11th, whose
officials used to allow visitors to climb up into its crown.

ANSWER: Statue of Liberty

END OF MATCH 3
These questions are for use in the Virginia High School League’s
Scholastic Bowl competition at the Junior Varsity level for the 2006-
07 school year. Avery Enterprises of Johnstown, Colorado is the
author of these questions.

Districts must observe the following conditions, which must be

known by all coaches, competitors and spectators of the
competition:

(a) Release of these questions to any entity not affiliated with the competition or the
schools that are members of the given District, without prior approval of Shawn Pickrell,
is prohibited. This is meant to keep question security.
(b) The discussion or other reference to these questions with other entities in the
Commonwealth of Virginia that are associated in any way with Scholastic Bowl
competition is prohibited. This is also meant to keep question security.
(c) These questions may not be released AT ANY TIME to entities outside the
Commonwealth of Virginia, except with prior approval of Shawn Pickrell. Discussion of
these questions, however, is permitted between entities within and without the
Commonwealth of Virginia This will apply to ANY entity in the Commonwealth of
Virginia that receives these questions, be it directly from Shawn Pickrell or indirectly
through various means.

First period: 15 tossups, 10 points each

1. Pencils and paper ready! In lowest terms, what is the probability that with one normal
6-sided die, you will roll a multiple of 3?

ANSWER: 1/3 (3 or 6) (not 2/6)

2. After the end of World War I came on November 11, 1918, the date November 11th
became known as Armistice [ARM-a-stuss] Day. Spell the word "armistice."

ANSWER: A-R-M-I-S-T-I-C-E

3. Complete this analogy: “kosher” is to Jews, as “halal” [ha-LAWL] is to adherents of

—what other major religion?

ANSWER: Islam (accept Muslim)

4. What city that was the capital of Arizona Territory for more than 20 years is now home
to the University of Arizona?

ANSWER: Tucson [TOO-sawn]

5. What third baseman's fielding struggles in 2006 led some New York fans to start
calling him "E-Rod?"

ANSWER: Alex Rodriguez

6. What European country's new National Trust visitors center describes the 1692 battle
between the Campbells and the MacDonalds?

ANSWER: Scotland

7. German composer Engelbert Humperdinck wrote an opera based on--what fairy tale
about two children who find their way home with bread crumbs?

ANSWER: Hansel and Gretel

8. A Mississippi state park recently sold one of the original cotton gins built by--what
famed inventor?

ANSWER: Eli Whitney

9. When Hurricane Katrina hit, one agency that received heavy criticism for its response
was FEMA [FEE-ma]. What agency uses FEMA as its acronym?

ANSWER: Federal Emergency Management Agency

10. His children Susie, Peter and Howard were as stunned as everyone else in 2006 when
they learned he was giving their charitable foundations a billion dollars each. Identify this
business tycoon who donated most of his fortune to the Bill and Melinda Gates
Foundation.

ANSWER: Warren Buffett

11. In 2006, Al Gore spent a lot of time promoting—what movie of his about global
warming?

ANSWER: An Inconvenient Truth

12. What 19th-century author's Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gentleman contains The
Legend of Sleepy Hollow?

ANSWER: Washington Irving

13. Pencils and paper ready! How many micrometers are there in 3 millimeters?

ANSWER: 3,000
14. What actor turned politician was the subject of the recent biography Fantastic that
contains a 40-page section discussing his performance as the current Governor of
California?

ANSWER: Arnold Schwarzenegger

15. In chemistry, the Lyman, Balmer and Paschen series of spectral lines are all emitted
by—what element with atomic number 1?

ANSWER: hydrogen
Second period, 10 directed questions per team, 10 points each

Questions with an “A” after their number are read to the team that selects set A.
Questions with a “B” after their number are read to the team that selects set B.

1A. Of the 3 monsters Beowulf kills in his story, which one does he kill first?

ANSWER: Grendel

1B. What organization’s 19 member countries now include Greece, Turkey, Poland,
Hungary, the Czech Republic, England, France and the United States?

ANSWER: NATO or North Atlantic Treaty Organization

2A. The U.S. Navy, exploring off the North Carolina coast, recently found the gun turret
of—what legendary Union ship that, in 1862, fought the Merrimac?

ANSWER: U.S.S. Monitor

2B. Its "Great Square" contains four stars, with three more stars forming its triangular
wing. Name this equine constellation.

ANSWER: Pegasus

3A. Pencils and paper ready! Give the two values for x that satisfy the equation, "the
absolute value of the quantity (x + 4) equals 26."

ANSWER: 22, -30

3B. What 2006 TV series is based on a popular book about the seamy underside of Texas
high school football?

ANSWER: Friday Night Lights

4A. In 2006, what 4th-ranked firm in Fortune magazine's Top 25 announced a new oil
find in the Gulf of Mexico?

ANSWER: Chevron Oil

4B. Give the English meaning of the Spanish word "zapato" [sa-PAW-toe].

ANSWER: shoe
5A. Charles Darwin's book on "natural selection" avoided using—what now-
controversial 9-letter word, often used today to describe his theories?

ANSWER: evolution

5B. What annual celebration honors the Mexican victory over French forces at the Battle
of Puebla in the spring of 1862?

ANSWER: Cinco de Mayo

6A. During World War II, it built the B-17 and B-29 bombers. Name this company that
makes commercial airplanes today with model numbers that all have three digits.

ANSWER: Boeing

6B. Canada's tallest mountain, Mount Logan, is located in--what territory, just a few
miles from Alaska?

ANSWER: Yukon Territory

7A. Besides iron, name either of the two metallic elements that exhibit ferromagnetism at
room temperature.

ANSWER: cobalt or nickel

7B. Pencils and paper ready! In one game, a basketball player makes 90% of his free
throws, 60% of his 2-point field goals, and 10% of his 3-point shots. If he attempts 10 of
each of those shots in a game, how many points does he score?

ANSWER: 24 (9 + [6 x 2] + [1 x 3])

8A. Name the writer of the recent book A Man Without a Country whose more famous
works include TimeQuest, Cat's Cradle and Slaughterhouse-Five.

ANSWER: Kurt Vonnegut

8B. The first one is "I" or "we", the second one is "you", and the third one is "he", "she"
or "they." Give this term from English grammar.

ANSWER: person

9A. His self-portrait with his wife Saskia looks very happy, but after she died in 1642, his
subjects became more solemn. Name this Dutch painter of The Jewish Bride and The
Night Watch.

ANSWER: Rembrandt van Rijn

9B. What biological method uses RNA to trigger a cell to shut off a particular gene, a
method abbreviated by the letters RNA with a small i?

ANSWER: RNA interference

10A. The ratio of the velocity of a receding galaxy to the galaxy's distance from earth in
megaparsecs is equal to--what constant, represented by the value H sub-zero?

ANSWER: Hubble constant

10B. What state's governor Jeb Bush could not run for re-election in 2006 because of
term limits?

ANSWER: Florida
Third period, 15 toss-ups, 10 points each

1. It can be created by replacing the hydrogen ions of an acid with metal or ammonium
ions. Give this chemical term for an electrically neutral compound, such as potassium
chloride.

ANSWER: salts

2. The trademark on his system is now owned by the Online Computer Library Center.
Name this creator of the classification system that locates books in your library by
decimal numbers.

ANSWER: Melville Dewey

3. It features a Friday night poker game that is interrupted when one regular player leaves
his wife and moves in with another regular player also leaving his wife. Name this Neil
Simon play with main characters Oscar Madison and Felix Unger.

ANSWER: The Odd Couple

4. About a year after Jesus was resurrected, he came to America and appeared to a group
of people known as the Nephites [NEE-fights], according to--what religious work
translated by Joseph Smith?

ANSWER: Book of Mormon

5. Pencils and paper ready! Calculate the only root of the quadratic equation
x2 + 12x + 36 = 0.

ANSWER: -6

6. In college basketball, how many fouls can a team commit in a half without the
opponent shooting the "one-and-one" afterward?

ANSWER: six (they shoot on the 7th foul)

7. When he died in 1989, many had still not forgiven him for holding Americans hostage
10 years before. What religious leader overthrew the Shah of Iran in 1979?

ANSWER: Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini [ka-MAY-nee]

8. His avatars include Krishna and Rama. Name this god, known as the Preserver, that
appears with Brahma and Shiva in the Hindu trinity.

ANSWER: Vishnu
9. If your wallet has too much stuff in it, sitting down for a long time may allow the
wallet to put pressure on-- what nerve that goes all the way down the back of your leg?

ANSWER: sciatic [sy-AT-ick] nerve

10. What famous American's diary could have included the line: "November 6, 1860:
Didn't vote for myself, but was elected President of the United States anyway." ?

ANSWER: Abraham Lincoln

11. In George W. Bush's September 2006 speech to the U.N. General Assembly, what
country's residents were told by Bush, "Your rulers have allowed your country to become
a crossroad for terrorism" ?

ANSWER: Syria

12. His 2006 book Brainiac is subtitled Adventures in the Curious, Competitive,
Compulsive World of Trivia Buffs. Name this former game-show contestant.

ANSWER: Ken Jennings

13. Pencils and paper ready! An insurance company has a bar chart for its salesmen,
where each inch on the chart represents $50,000 in sales. How much insurance has John
sold if the bar on the chart next to his name is 3 feet long?

ANSWER: $1.8 million (or $1,800,000) (50,000 x 36)

14. Give the first and last names of the literary character who, while in jail, becomes
friends with Abbe Faria [ah-bay FAIR-ee-a], who tells him of a great treasure on the
island of Monte Cristo.

ANSWER: Edmond Dantes (The Count of Monte Cristo)

15. During most of the year, it is a parasite that will destroy oak and cypress trees if left
untreated. Name this plant that becomes popular every winter when people stand under it
to kiss each other.

ANSWER: mistletoe
Spare questions (try to replace the question discarded with the spare question in the
same subject area – i.e. science for science, etc.) Be sure to mark off questions as they
are used.

1. If you suffer from sudden "sleep attacks", where you fall asleep no matter what you are
doing, you could just be really tired—or you could have—what ailment?

ANSWER: narcolepsy

2. Which sister in the novel Little Women is also the subject of the novel Little Men?

ANSWER: Jo March (prompt on last name)

3. In January 1862, the Confederacy formed a territory of Arizona from the southern half
of what is now—what neighboring state?

ANSWER: New Mexico

4. In math, what number is the additive identity?

ANSWER: zero

5. What 10-letter plural noun is most commonly used by American media when
describing the Iraqi terrorists trying to destroy that country's new government?

ANSWER: insurgents ("militants" is not 10 letters)

END OF MATCH 4
These questions are for use in the Virginia High School League’s
Scholastic Bowl competition at the Junior Varsity level for the 2006-
07 school year. Avery Enterprises of Johnstown, Colorado is the
author of these questions.

Districts must observe the following conditions, which must be

known by all coaches, competitors and spectators of the
competition:

(a) Release of these questions to any entity not affiliated with the competition or the
schools that are members of the given District, without prior approval of Shawn Pickrell,
is prohibited. This is meant to keep question security.
(b) The discussion or other reference to these questions with other entities in the
Commonwealth of Virginia that are associated in any way with Scholastic Bowl
competition is prohibited. This is also meant to keep question security.
(c) These questions may not be released AT ANY TIME to entities outside the
Commonwealth of Virginia, except with prior approval of Shawn Pickrell. Discussion of
these questions, however, is permitted between entities within and without the
Commonwealth of Virginia This will apply to ANY entity in the Commonwealth of
Virginia that receives these questions, be it directly from Shawn Pickrell or indirectly
through various means.

First period: 15 tossups, 10 points each

1. Give the correct spelling of the type of doctor most likely to adjust (or crack) your
aching back.

ANSWER: C-H-I-R-O-P-R-A-C-T-O-R

2. Geneticist Gregor Mendel coined the term "dominant", as well as--what opposite of
"dominant"?

ANSWER: recessive

3. After the fall of Rome, they landed in North Africa and developed a reputation for
widespread destruction. Name this group of seafaring barbarians whose name is still
used today to describe people who wantonly destroy the property of others.

ANSWER: Vandals

4. What narrator of the novel Moby Dick identifies himself in the story's first 3 words?

ANSWER: "Call me Ishmael"

5. What famed physicist turned his attention elsewhere to write the recent book God
Created the Integers: The Mathematical Breakthroughs that Changed History ?

ANSWER: Stephen Hawking

6. Name the lightest chemical element that is a solid at room temperature.

ANSWER: lithium

7. In Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol, Scrooge goes on a visit with the Ghost of
Christmas Past and recalls--what jolly man who took him as an apprentice when he was
young?

ANSWER: Mr. Fezziwig

8. Pencils and paper ready! For what value of x is the function (x2 - 25) over (x - 3)
undefined?

ANSWER: 3

9. While Ulysses was on his Odyssey, what singers did he pass whose beautiful songs
distracted men from their journeys?

ANSWER: the Sirens

10. In chess, what happens when one side can't move at all without putting his king in
check?

ANSWER: stalemate

11. What famed actress's movie roles in 2006 included Yolanda Johnson in A Prairie
Home Companion and Miranda Priestly in The Devil Wears Prada?

ANSWER: Meryl Streep

12. Pencils and paper ready! If you make $40,000 your first two years at a job and
$57,000 the third year, how much must you make the fourth year to average $53,000 per
year overall?

ANSWER: $75,000 (212/4 = 53)

13. The Yellow Rose of Texas, Camptown Races, and Aura Lee were among the many
folk songs from--what war that also gave us the Battle Hymn of the Republic?

ANSWER: U.S. Civil War

14. It joins muscles to bones or cartilage. Name this tough connective tissue whose best-
known example in humans may be found at the back of your heel.

ANSWER: (Achilles) tendon

15. In math, what term is used to describe the relocating of a curve either up, down, left
or right?

ANSWER: translation (accept forms of the word)

Second period, 10 directed questions per team, 10 points each

Questions with an “A” after their number are read to the team that selects set A.
Questions with a “B” after their number are read to the team that selects set B.

1A. What Broadway composer wrote No Strings by himself, Pal Joey with Lorenz Hart,
and South Pacific with Oscar Hammerstein?

ANSWER: Richard Rodgers

1B. What European country was divided among Russia, Prussia and Austria by a series of
three partitions between 1772 and 1795?

ANSWER: Poland

2A. 2006 marks the 176th anniversary of the founding of the Church of Jesus Christ of
Latter-Day Saints and the 201st anniversary of the birth of--what founder of that church?

ANSWER: Joseph Smith

2B. Formerly called "Longhorn", it is scheduled for a 2007 launch, 6 years after XP came
on the scene. Name this next generation of Microsoft Windows operating software.

ANSWER: Windows Vista

3A. An incorrect substitution, insertion or deletion of a nucleotide can cause an error in

the genetic code, which is commonly known by-- what term?

ANSWER: mutation

3B. In the classic children's story, name the boy who had a "terrible, horrible, no good,
very bad day."

ANSWER: Alexander

4A. Give the legal term for the officer of a court who serves as a messenger, usher or
bodyguard.

ANSWER: bailiff

4B. What organic compounds made up of a halogen [HAL-a-jun], a radical and

magnesium are named for the French chemist who discovered them?

ANSWER: Grignard (grin-YARD) reagents

5A. If the President of the United States dies while in office, the Vice-President becomes
President because of--what Constitutional Amendment?

ANSWER: 25th

5B. Scientists researching the original Gutenberg Bible finally figured out that lead
stannate, or lead combined with tin, was used to generate--what color within the book?

ANSWER: many lead compounds are yellow

6A. Pencils and paper ready! In lowest terms, the repeating decimal 0.39393939…can be
expressed as--what fraction?

ANSWER: 13/33

6B. Pencils and paper ready! Calculate the value of 9 to the five-halves power.

ANSWER: 243 (square root of 9 to the fifth = 81 x 3)

7A. The publishing company Simon and Schuster [SHOO-ster], the radio network
Infinity Broadcasting, and the TV channels Showtime, Spike TV and CMT are all owned
by--what giant media company?

ANSWER: Viacom

7B. The airport in La Crosse, Wisconsin lies on an island in the middle of--what river,
discussed at the website oldmanriver.com?

ANSWER: Mississippi River

8A. What word means "to initiate a man into a college fraternity by making him do gross,
dangerous and/or illegal things" ?

ANSWER: haze (accept forms of the word)

8B. Pencils and paper ready! Looking at a car tire from the side, its radius is 14 inches,
while its hubcap's radius is 8 inches. Calculate the area, in square inches and in terms of
π, between the hubcap and the outer edge of the tire.

ANSWER: 132 π sq. in. (196 π - 64 π)

9A. Gallup, Raton [ra-TONE], Las Cruces [CROO-suz] and Truth or Consequences are
all towns in--what U.S. state?

ANSWER: New Mexico

9B. What U.S. President of the 1970's was the last one to win the Nobel Peace Prize?

ANSWER: Jimmy Carter

10A. In the novel Tom Sawyer, give the last name of the widow who wants to "civilize"
Tom's friend Huck Finn.

ANSWER: Widow Douglas

10B. Fill in the two missing words from this 1946 speech by Winston Churchill: “It is
my duty…to place before you certain facts about…Europe… A [blank blank] has
descended across the Continent. Behind that line lie all the capitals of the ancient states of
Central and Eastern Europe.”

ANSWER: Iron Curtain

Third period, 15 toss-ups, 10 points each

1. Pencils and paper ready! In scientific notation, calculate the value of (104) – (2 x 103).

ANSWER: 8 x 103

2. What world leader won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1990, perhaps for overseeing the
destruction of Communism in Russia?

ANSWER: Mikhail Gorbachev

3. Some cartoonists celebrated its recent 75th anniversary by having their characters eat
one of Dagwood's famous sandwiches. Name this legendary comic strip.

ANSWER: Blondie (do not accept Dagwood, who is just a character)

4. Give the most common name of the parable by Jesus that contains the words, "And the
younger of them said to his father…'Give me the portion of goods that falleth to me.'"

ANSWER: the Prodigal Son

5. The recent book Born to Kvetch discusses--what language, often spoken by older
Jewish people, that gave English such words as "kvetch" and "chutzpah"?

ANSWER: Yiddish

6. Many people in South America regularly swim near them without being attacked--
though they make sure not to have an open wound while they're doing it. Identify these
fish who will even kill each other with their razor-sharp teeth.

ANSWER: piranhas [pa-RON-a]

7. The NBA's New Jersey Nets recently purchased land for a new stadium in Brooklyn,
New York, nearly 50 years after the owner refused to sell the land to--what baseball team
that might otherwise be playing in Brooklyn today, instead of in Los Angeles?

ANSWER: Los Angeles (Brooklyn) Dodgers

8. Recent research shows that Westerners who saw his tomb, sarcophagus, coffin or
mummy be opened in the 1920's weren't subject to a "mummy's curse" after all. Name
this ancient ruler of Egypt.

ANSWER: King Tutankhamen

9. The La Cumbre [COOM-bray] volcano on its Fernandina Island recently erupted.
Identify this chain of islands off the coast of Ecuador.

ANSWER: Galapagos Islands

10. Some symptoms of a heart attack, such as pain in the shoulder or arm, can be caused
by--what chronic condition that causes temporary chest pain when the heart is lacking
oxygen?

ANSWER: angina [an-JY-na] pectoris

11. Name the home country of writer and Nobel laureate Gao Xingjian [gow zing-
ZHON].

ANSWER: China (now lives in France)

12. What artistic method of adding color to clothing often uses string or rubber bands to
keep the color from reaching certain areas of the fabric?

ANSWER: tie-dye

13. Aspen trees are part of a larger group of trees that also includes-- what state tree of
Kansas that reproduces by blowing soft white seeds through the air?

ANSWER: cottonwood tree

14. Kabkab, Gantar, Sayer and Rabbi are among the many species of—what fruit that is
the most exported from Iraq, even though many of the palm trees that produce them have
been destroyed?

ANSWER: dates

15. It can be defined as "a compound that dissociates ions and thus conducts electricity."
Identify this type of substance, found in Gatorade and other sports drinks.

ANSWER: electrolytes
Spare questions (try to replace the question discarded with the spare question in the
same subject area – i.e. science for science, etc.) Be sure to mark off questions as they
are used.

1. Its "frame-story" is a group of 10 young people who hide in a country villa in the
Middle Ages. Name this literary classic made up of the tales the 10 people tell each other
for 10 days.
ANSWER: the Decameron [da-CAM-a-run]

2. A National Guardsman who had been in Iraq said that he'd rather go back to Iraq after
trying to help people at--what New Orleans sports complex, once ravaged by Hurricane
Katrina but now back to hosting football games?

ANSWER: the Superdome

3. At the 2006 Olympics, what American snowboarder ended up with a silver medal after
she fell on her bottom while trying to show off?
ANSWER: Lindsay Jacobellis

4. The so-called “lake effect” snow that often pounds Buffalo, New York and Cleveland,
Ohio is courtesy—of which Great Lake?

ANSWER: Lake Erie

5. What labor activist was the subject of the biography Si, Se Puede [see, say pway-thay]?

ANSWER: Cesar Chavez

END OF MATCH 5
These questions are for use in the Virginia High School League’s
Scholastic Bowl competition at the Junior Varsity level for the 2006-
07 school year. Avery Enterprises of Johnstown, Colorado is the
author of these questions.

Districts must observe the following conditions, which must be

known by all coaches, competitors and spectators of the
competition:

(a) Release of these questions to any entity not affiliated with the competition or the
schools that are members of the given District, without prior approval of Shawn Pickrell,
is prohibited. This is meant to keep question security.
(b) The discussion or other reference to these questions with other entities in the
Commonwealth of Virginia that are associated in any way with Scholastic Bowl
competition is prohibited. This is also meant to keep question security.
(c) These questions may not be released AT ANY TIME to entities outside the
Commonwealth of Virginia, except with prior approval of Shawn Pickrell. Discussion of
these questions, however, is permitted between entities within and without the
Commonwealth of Virginia This will apply to ANY entity in the Commonwealth of
Virginia that receives these questions, be it directly from Shawn Pickrell or indirectly
through various means.

First period: 15 tossups, 10 points each

1. On Charles Darwin's famed trip to South America, he read a classic book by Charles
Lyell about—what other branch of science?

ANSWER: Principles of Geology

2. His taking exception to an insult got him kicked out of the last game where he
represented his country. Identify this French soccer player, ejected from the final World
Cup game of 2006 for head-butting his opponent.

ANSWER: Zinedine Zidane [ZIN-a-deen za-DAN]

3. What religious sect has a Web site at www.watchtower.org ?

ANSWER: Jehovah's Witness(es)

4. What chemical element's sulfite form, called "stibnite", may have influenced the
choice of its 2-letter chemical symbol Sb?

ANSWER: antimony
5. 2006 marks 101 years since the "Bloody Sunday" uprising that took place under--what
czar of Russia who was removed from power in 1917?

ANSWER: Czar Nicholas II

6. In what state would you find the Research Triangle Park between Durham and
Raleigh?

ANSWER: North Carolina

7. What current TV series features the survivors of Flight 815?

ANSWER: Lost

8. What two-word term describes what your employer does when he electronically puts
your paycheck into your bank account?

ANSWER: direct deposit

9. Pencils and paper ready! Give the next term in the sequence that begins 1, 2, 5, 14, 41,
122...

ANSWER: 365 (A (n+1) = 3A(n) -1)

10. What tool, commonly included with many new cars, is placed under the car to lift a
flat tire off the ground?

ANSWER: jack

11. After Oprah Winfrey's recent appearance on David Letterman's show, Letterman
escorted Oprah across the street to the opening night of--what Oprah-produced play,
based on the best-selling novel about Celie [SEE-lee] by Alice Walker?

ANSWER: The Color Purple

12. The acorn and the goose are two species of--what sea creature that uses material from
its "cement" gland to attach itself to the bottom of boats?

ANSWER: barnacle

13. A recent PBS documentary says that while he lived in Europe in the 18th century, he
became interested in bringing Europe's "wine culture" to America. Name this U.S.
President who included a good vintage as part of his "pursuit of happiness."

ANSWER: Thomas Jefferson

14. What country's best 19th-century authors included Nikolai Gogol [GO-gul] and
Mikhail Lermontov [LAIR-mun-tov]?

ANSWER: Russia

15. Pierre Lescot [less-KO] erected its west wing, Claude Perrault [pa-ROW] designed its
east façade, and I.M. Pei [pay] designed its glass pyramid. Name this Paris art museum.

ANSWER: Louvre (LOOV)

Second period, 10 directed questions per team, 10 points each

Questions with an “A” after their number are read to the team that selects set A.
Questions with a “B” after their number are read to the team that selects set B.

1A. What European country finally joined the United Nations in 2002 after centuries of
carefully cultivating a position of neutrality?

ANSWER: Switzerland

1B. Famed actor/director Robert Redford owns the Utah ski resort "Sundance", which is
named for his part in--what classic Western movie?

ANSWER: Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid

2A. Pencils and paper ready! Solve for x in the equation 5x - 6 = 74.

ANSWER: 16

2B. Pencils and paper ready! On your taxable income, federal tax is 10% of the first
$15,000 and 15% on everything over that. If your taxable income is $35,000, how much
federal tax do you pay?

ANSWER: $4,500

3A. Who wrote the novels Member of the Wedding and The Heart is a Lonely Hunter?

ANSWER: Carson McCullers

3B. When a Delaware man recently caught an albino [al-BY-no] blue crab, what color
was it?

ANSWER: white

4A. The Marshall Plan after World War II was named for George Marshall, who held--
what Cabinet post under Harry S Truman?

ANSWER: Secretary of State

4B. The Connecticut towns of Stamford and Fairfield are on--what body of water just
east of New York City?

ANSWER: Long Island Sound

5A. Two broken jaws and a broken nose were among the injuries suffered in a 2006
motorcycle accident by—what NFL star who, just 5 months before the accident, had won
his first Super Bowl quarterbacking the Pittsburgh Steelers?

ANSWER: Ben Roethlisberger [ROTH-luss-burger]

5B. A tuba with a mouthpiece like a French horn was created by--what German composer
who used it in his Ring cycle?

ANSWER: Richard Wagner

6A. Give the technical term for your "windpipe" through which oxygen reaches your
lungs.

ANSWER: trachea [TRAY-kee-a]

6B. George Washington's first Presidential Cabinet had only four people, including--what
statesman who served as America's first Secretary of the Treasury and appears on the $10
bill?

ANSWER: Alexander Hamilton

7A. What set of numbers consists of the counting numbers, their opposites, and zero?

ANSWER: integers

7B. Spell the 8-letter French word used in English to mean "something you take with you
as a reminder."

ANSWER: S-O-U-V-E-N-I-R

8A. The late 9th century migration of the Magyars [MADGE-yarz] there helped make it
what it is today. Name this Central European country.

ANSWER: Hungary

8B. Name the mattress company whose web site sells souvenirs featuring their famous
counting sheep.

ANSWER: Serta

9A. In the novel The Hunchback of Notre Dame, what language does the gypsy
Esmeralda use when singing her gypsy songs?

ANSWER: Spanish
9B. Kintango, Fanta, Omoro, Chicken George, Kizzy and Kunta Kinte [koon-ta kin-
TAY] are among the characters in--what classic story by Alex Haley, based on his search
for his ancestors?

ANSWER: Roots

10A. What type of organic acid contains a carboxyl group and an amine group attached to
the same hydrogen atom?

ANSWER: alpha-amino acids

10B. One of John Kerry's major selling points in the 2004 presidential election was that,
while in the military, he was injured enough in combat to win 3 of--what military award?

ANSWER: Purple Hearts

Third period, 15 toss-ups, 10 points each

1. Pencils and paper ready! You must use a 25-foot ladder to reach the top of a 20-foot-
tall building. How far away from the base of the building should you set the foot of the
ladder so that the very top of the ladder just reaches the top of the building?

ANSWER: 15 feet (15-20-25 right triangle)

2. Translated into Latin in the 14th century, its 1611 English translation by George
Chapman was the indirect subject of a poem by John Keats. Name this literary classic
that tells of the war between ancient Greece and Troy.

ANSWER: Homer's Iliad

3. What famed inventor and electrical engineer worked for Thomas Edison on
improvements to electrical power transmission before developing his own brushless
induction motor?

ANSWER: Nikola Tesla

4. Gremio [GREM-ee-o], Vincentio, Petruchio [pa-TROO-kee-o], and Katharina are

among the main characters in--what Shakespeare play?

ANSWER: The Taming of the Shrew

5. His second book contained the story of George Washington and the cherry tree. Name
this creator of six 19th-century schoolbooks that taught generations of Americans how to
read.

ANSWER: William H. McGuffey

6. In 1915, the "Lost Men" of the Ross Sea Party began traveling more than 1,500 miles
to support the planned expedition of Sir Ernest Shackleton across—what very large (and
very cold) continent?

ANSWER: Antarctica

7. One of our solar system's coldest known objects, it has ice volcanoes that erupt
nitrogen gas. Name this large moon with a retrograde orbit around the planet Neptune.

ANSWER: Triton
8. What French mathematician and philosopher said it is better to believe in God than not
to, because you lose nothing if God does not exist?

ANSWER: Blaise Pascal

9. Pencils and paper ready! A radioactive isotope is decaying at 200 events per minute. If
it has a half-life of 20 minutes, how fast will it be decaying an hour from now?

ANSWER: 25 counts per minute (decreases by a factor of 2 every 20 minutes, so 1/8 of

original)

10. In 2006, its Catholic Archdiocese stopped offering adoption services because it
disagrees with state law that homosexuals be given a chance to adopt children. Name this
Eastern city that is home to some 2 million Catholics, many of them of Irish descent.

ANSWER: Boston, MA

11. The annual award for the nation's best college football lineman is named for--what
legendary coach of the Green Bay Packers?

ANSWER: Vince Lombardi

12. After an irritant lodges between a mollusk’s mantle and shell, the epithelium encloses
the irritant with nacre (NAY-kur) and begins to create—what type of precious gem?

ANSWER: pearl

13. In 2006, former Nightline journalist Ted Koppel announced that he will begin to
occasionally provide commentary on--what network, where he will be featured during the
programs "Morning Edition" and "All Things Considered" ?

ANSWER: NPR or National Public Radio

14. His support for Central Park and the Metropolitan Museum of Art has long been
overshadowed by Thomas Nast’s cartoons of him. Identify this 19th-century politician
nicknamed “Boss.”

ANSWER: William “Boss” Tweed

15. Pencils and paper ready! If you draw a pictogram of the population of the world so
that one stick figure represents 10,000 people, how many total stick figures would you
draw to represent the current approximate world population of 6.2 billion people?

ANSWER: 620,000
Spare questions (try to replace the question discarded with the spare question in the
same subject area – i.e. science for science, etc.) Be sure to mark off questions as they
are used.

1. Artist Pablo Picasso named one of his daughters "Paloma", which is Spanish for--what
bird?

ANSWER: pigeon

2. Pencils and paper ready! The weight W of a car in tons is estimated by the formula
W = AP/500, where A is the cross-sectional area of a tire that touches the road and P is
the tire's air pressure in psi. Calculate the cross-sectional area of a tire that touches the
road for a 4-ton car whose tires are at 40 psi.

ANSWER: 50 sq. in. (4 = 40A/500)

3. The "universal" indicator used in chemistry is generally red in an acid, blue or purple
in a base, and –what general color when in distilled water?

ANSWER: green

4. What European country is governed by President Lech Kaczynski [leck ka-SHIN-

skee]?

ANSWER: Poland

5. Name the Internet company whose regular advertising campaign features the Roaming
Gnome.

ANSWER: Travelocity

END OF MATCH 6
These questions are for use in the Virginia High School League’s
Scholastic Bowl competition at the Junior Varsity level for the 2006-
07 school year. Avery Enterprises of Johnstown, Colorado is the
author of these questions.

Districts must observe the following conditions, which must be

known by all coaches, competitors and spectators of the
competition:

(a) Release of these questions to any entity not affiliated with the competition or the
schools that are members of the given District, without prior approval of Shawn Pickrell,
is prohibited. This is meant to keep question security.
(b) The discussion or other reference to these questions with other entities in the
Commonwealth of Virginia that are associated in any way with Scholastic Bowl
competition is prohibited. This is also meant to keep question security.
(c) These questions may not be released AT ANY TIME to entities outside the
Commonwealth of Virginia, except with prior approval of Shawn Pickrell. Discussion of
these questions, however, is permitted between entities within and without the
Commonwealth of Virginia This will apply to ANY entity in the Commonwealth of
Virginia that receives these questions, be it directly from Shawn Pickrell or indirectly
through various means.

First period: 15 tossups, 10 points each

1. A Scottish man named Andrew Stimpson recently became the first person known by
doctors to have tested positive for it and then had it simply go away. Name this virus that
causes AIDS.

ANSWER: HIV or human immunodeficiency virus

2. One official abbreviation for it is DPRK. Identify this Asian country run by unstable
dictator Kim Jong-Il.

ANSWER: North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea)

3. She was often depicted on Greek vases as crowning women of great beauty. What
winged goddess of victory never wore a “swoosh”?

ANSWER: Nike

4. What public figure was heavily criticized in 2006 for quoting a medieval emperor who
said, "Show me just what Mohammed brought that was new, and there you will find
things only evil and inhuman." ?

ANSWER: Pope Benedict XVI (prompt on "Pope")

5. Pencils and paper ready! Calculate the number of degrees in each interior angle of an
octagon.

ANSWER: 135° (180 x 6/8)

6. Recent research says its presence is first indicated by the hippocampus in your brain.
Name this disease that causes a loss of memory in many older people.

ANSWER: Alzheimer's disease

7. What comedian now hosts the HBO show Real Time, which has a similar format to his
previous show "Politically Incorrect"?

ANSWER: Bill Maher [mar]

8. What major tennis tournament plays its matches in arenas named for past stars Rod
Laver [LAY-vur] and Margaret Court?

ANSWER: Australian Open (Laver and Court are both Aussies; do not accept
"Australia")

9. Paul Laurence Dunbar and Langston Hughes were 20th-century African-Americans

who became famous primarily for writing—what?

ANSWER: poetry (accept "writers" before "writing" is said)

10. Unlike diamond, it is a good conductor of electricity, a good lubricant and very soft.
Name this stable form of carbon, commonly called "lead" and used in school pencils.

ANSWER: graphite

11. Give the slang term for a person who helps a rock star put up and take down his show
while on tour.

ANSWER: roadie

12. Pencils and paper ready! Give the values of x and y that satisfy the two equations
4x + y = -1 and 3x – 2y = -20.

ANSWER: x = -2, y = 7

13. The Storm, Journal of the Plague Year, and Moll Flanders were all written by--what
British author of Robinson Crusoe?

ANSWER: Daniel DeFoe (or Foe)

14. Pencils and paper ready! The cost of mailing a letter first-class in the United States is
39 cents for the first ounce, plus 24 cents for each additional ounce up to 16 ounces. If
you have $1.35 in your pocket, what is the heaviest first-class letter you can mail?

ANSWER: 5 ounces

15. What part of a double-stranded chromosome attaches the chromatids [cro-MAT-udz]

to each other?

ANSWER: the centromere

Second period, 10 directed questions per team, 10 points each

Questions with an “A” after their number are read to the team that selects set A.
Questions with a “B” after their number are read to the team that selects set B.

1A. In art, what have you done to clay when you bake it in an oven and make it
permanently hard?

ANSWER: fire or fired or firing

1B. In ecology, what term is given to the seepage of fertilizer into groundwater that
creates water pollution when the fertilizer reaches lakes and rivers?

ANSWER: leaching

2A. Short Hills, Monmouth, Princeton and Trenton were all battles of the American
Revolution that took place in—what state?

ANSWER: New Jersey

2B. What American wrote the poem that begins, “Listen, my children, and you shall hear
Of the midnight ride of Paul Revere”?

ANSWER: Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

3A. Pencils and paper ready! Give, in the simplest radical expression, the square root of
7,350.

ANSWER: 35 √6

3B. Japan celebrated in 2006 when baby Hisahito [hee-sa-HEE-toe] became the first male
heir to the Japanese throne born in more than 40 years. The baby is the grandson of—
what current Emperor?

ANSWER: Emperor Akihito [OCK-ee-HEE-toe]

4A. What natural disaster lasted for nearly a week in September 1665 and caused King
Charles II to announce he would rebuild London afterward?

ANSWER: the Great Fire of London

4B. Since 2000, the International Hydrographic Organization has called the area of ocean
just north of Antarctica by--what name other than Atlantic, Indian, Pacific or Arctic?

ANSWER: Southern Ocean (so now there are 5 major oceans)

5A. What classic comic strip's official songbook includes "The Happiness Theme", "Joe
Cool" and the "Great Pumpkin Waltz"?

ANSWER: Peanuts

5B. What 7-letter word is both "a type of hairdo" and "a short piece of electrical wire that
connects an electric switch to a set of wires" ?

ANSWER: pigtail

6A. Give the English translation of the German word "Tisch" [tish].

ANSWER: table

6B. It is generally made of glass enclosed in a sheath, so it does not suffer the damage
common with metallic cables. Identify this type of communications cable that carries
pulses of light instead of pulses of electricity.

ANSWER: fiber-optic cable

7A. Giving it to children with pneumonia helps them get better faster. Name this metallic
element that is now added to lozenges as a way to reduce symptoms of the common cold.

ANSWER: zinc

7B. Depressions behind their nostrils act as heat sensors, making it possible for them to
find food even when it's dark. Name this family of snakes that includes rattlesnakes and
water moccasins.

ANSWER: pit vipers

8A. Starting points are circles and decisions to make are diamonds in--what pictorial
representation of the steps often used to solve a computer problem?

ANSWER: flowchart

8B. Morehouse College, which bought Martin Luther King's papers in 2006, is located in
—what Southern city where King was born that is also home to Emory University and
the main campus of Georgia Tech?

ANSWER: Atlanta, GA
9A. What classic play, based on the famed Scopes monkey trial, features the trial of
schoolteacher Bertram Cates on charges of teaching the theory of evolution to the local
kids?

ANSWER: Inherit the Wind

9B. Pencils and paper ready! Set A is "odd numbers between 20 and 30", set B is
"multiples of 7 between 20 and 30", and set C is "multiples of 9 between 20 and 30."
After you have found the union of sets B and C, identify the 2 elements that make up the
intersection of that union with set A.

ANSWER: 21, 27

10A. A recent study shows that blueberries and raspberries increase insulin production by
up to 50% and can thus help fight--what common human ailment?

ANSWER: diabetes

10B. A group of Hungarians recently asked their nation's government to declare them an
"ethnic minority" because they claim to be descendants of--what 5th-century warrior,
nicknamed "The Scourge of God"?

ANSWER: Attila the Hun

Third period, 15 toss-ups, 10 points each

1. Just as a bird begins to eat from the huge pile of birdseed in your backyard, it sees your
neighbor's cat, grabs several huge beakfuls of seed, and flies away. What part of the bird's
anatomy holds all the extra seeds until the bird has time to digest them properly?

ANSWER: crop

2. He played college basketball at Kentucky but, until last season, he had been serving as
a team president. Name this longtime coach of the Los Angeles Lakers and New York
Knicks who won the NBA title in 2006 while coaching the Miami Heat.

ANSWER: Pat Riley

3. It is named for the New York City attorney who, in 1885, visited the nearby area and
innocently asked its name. Identify this Midwest mountain, most famous today for its
Gutzon Borglum sculpture of four U.S. Presidents.

ANSWER: Mount (Charles) Rushmore

4. Spell the 9-letter French word used in English to mean either "a miscellaneous
collection" or "a mixture of scented flowers."

ANSWER: P-O-T-P-O-U-R-R-I

5. He was the first Nobel Prize winner in Literature ever to decline the honor. Name this
Russian author most famous for his story of Dr. Zhivago.

ANSWER: Boris Pasternak

6. In economics, what adjective describes a tax system where you pay the same
percentage of your money for taxes, no matter how much money you make?

ANSWER: flat tax

7. Pencils and paper ready! You play an 18-hole golf course where each hole is a par-4.
What is your score after a round of 2 birdies, 15 pars, and one bogey?

ANSWER: 71 (one under the par of 72)

8. After he complained in 2006 that Brokeback Mountain, a film he co-wrote the
screenplay for, didn't win the Oscar for Best Picture, his new novel Telegraph Days
returns to his more famous theme of the Old West. Identify this author of The Last
Picture Show and Lonesome Dove.

ANSWER: Larry McMurtry

9. Name the explorer whose letters detailing his voyages to the Americas around 1500
may have given mapmaker Martin Waldseemuller [VALD-say-mull-er] the idea of
naming the Americas after him.

ANSWER: Amerigo Vespucci

10. The 17th-century composer Jean-Baptiste Lully is credited with beginning the
tradition of "grand opera" in--what European country?

ANSWER: France

11. More than 10 years after it ended its prime-time run in America, it is still being
shown for the first time in more than 30 countries. Name this TV soap opera about
Southfork Ranch that made famous the question, "Who shot J.R." ?

ANSWER: Dallas

12. Pencils and paper ready! The chemical compound "potassium hydrogen phthalate"
[fith-a-lait], or KHP, has the chemical formula C8H5O4K. If potassium weighs 39 grams
per mole, calculate the molecular weight of KHP.

ANSWER: 204 ([8 x 12] + [5 x 1] + [4 x 16] + 39)

13. Now that Samuel Alito [a-LEE-tow] is on the Supreme Court, the Court has a
majority of Catholic Justices for the first time ever. Name any two of the four other
current Justices who are also Catholic.

ANSWER: John Roberts, Antonin Scalia, Clarence Thomas, and Anthony Kennedy

14. We always say that Noah took two of every animal into the ark, but he was told to
take two of only the "unclean beasts"; he was told to take—how many of each "clean
beast" and of each bird?

ANSWER: seven

15. In math, give the term for an algebraic expression with two unlike terms, such as
3x + 2y.

ANSWER: binomial
Spare questions (try to replace the question discarded with the spare question in the
same subject area – i.e. science for science, etc.) Be sure to mark off questions as they
are used.

1. The Lateran Treaty of 1929 provided some 100 acres of Italian soil to—what country,
now governed by Pope Benedict XVI?

ANSWER: Vatican City or the Holy See

2. No man knows his sepulchre to this day. Name this Biblical character who lived to age
120, when he finally saw the Promised Land but could not enter.

ANSWER: Moses

3. Scientists refer to the black-and-white panda commonly found in zoos by--what

adjective that describes their size?

ANSWER: giant panda

4. His Biloxi, Mississippi home, Beauvoir [BO-vwar], was severely damaged by

Hurricane Katrina. Name this 19th-century politician who represented Mississippi in the
U.S. Senate until taking over as leader of the Confederate States of America.

ANSWER: Jefferson Davis

5. In 2006, the World Health Organization decided to allow use of DDT to again control
the mosquitoes in Africa that transmit—what disease that has killed some 40 million
people needlessly since DDT was banned after Rachel Carson's book Silent Spring?

ANSWER: malaria

END OF MATCH 7
These questions are for use in the Virginia High School League’s
Scholastic Bowl competition at the Junior Varsity level for the 2006-
07 school year. Avery Enterprises of Johnstown, Colorado is the
author of these questions.

Districts must observe the following conditions, which must be

known by all coaches, competitors and spectators of the
competition:

(a) Release of these questions to any entity not affiliated with the competition or the
schools that are members of the given District, without prior approval of Shawn Pickrell,
is prohibited. This is meant to keep question security.
(b) The discussion or other reference to these questions with other entities in the
Commonwealth of Virginia that are associated in any way with Scholastic Bowl
competition is prohibited. This is also meant to keep question security.
(c) These questions may not be released AT ANY TIME to entities outside the
Commonwealth of Virginia, except with prior approval of Shawn Pickrell. Discussion of
these questions, however, is permitted between entities within and without the
Commonwealth of Virginia This will apply to ANY entity in the Commonwealth of
Virginia that receives these questions, be it directly from Shawn Pickrell or indirectly
through various means.

First period: 15 tossups, 10 points each

1. He died in 2006 after being convicted of fraud and conspiracy, a fact that caused many
to believe that he committed suicide to avoid going to jail in Texas. Name this former
CEO of the now-bankrupt Enron.

ANSWER: Ken Lay

2. Give the term for the combination of sugar, phosphate and nitrogenous base that
combines to form DNA.

ANSWER: the nucleotide

3. A recent idea to put the faces of U.S. Presidents on the dollar coin would include
putting his face on each of two different sets of dollar coins. Name this only President to
serve two full non-consecutive terms.

ANSWER: Grover Cleveland

4. Pencils and paper ready! You're playing Monopoly and find yourself on Oriental
Avenue. On your next roll, what are the chances you will get an eight and land on
Virginia Avenue?

ANSWER: 5 in 36 or 5/36
5. Give the chemical term for a solid substance in the bottom of a test tube that is created
by mixing two liquids together.

ANSWER: precipitate (not "residue")

6. Name the author whose recent novel Saving Fish from Drowning was published after
her novels The Bonesetter's Daughter and The Joy Luck Club.

ANSWER: Amy Tan

7. On June 5, 1944, the day before D-Day, Franklin Roosevelt gave a fireside chat in
which he discussed the Allied conquest of--what European capital?

ANSWER: Rome, Italy (not Berlin)

8. Give the correct spelling of the Spanish word for “cockroach”.

ANSWER: C-U-C-A-R-A-C-H-A

9. What composer’s 8th symphony has only two movements instead of the traditional four
and is therefore nicknamed “Unfinished”?

ANSWER: Franz Schubert

10. What Southern state, governed by Mike Huckabee through 2006, was once governed
by Bill Clinton?

ANSWER: Arkansas

11. What state’s Long Trail is the nation’s oldest hiking pathway and passes near the
cities of Bennington, Burlington and Montpelier [mont-PEE-lee-ur]?

ANSWER: Vermont

12. What country music duo's recordings include Steers & Stripes, Red Dirt Road and
Hillbilly Deluxe ?

ANSWER: Brooks & Dunn

13. To follow the Pillars of Islam, Muslims are expected to pray—how many times every
day?

ANSWER: five
14. In the NBA, after a basket is scored, how long does the other team have to get the ball
across halfcourt?

ANSWER: 8 seconds (it used to be 10 seconds but has been changed)

15. Children should be tested for ADHD if the pH of their saliva is consistently greater
than—what "neutral" value on the pH scale?

ANSWER: 7
Second period, 10 directed questions per team, 10 points each

Questions with an “A” after their number are read to the team that selects set A.
Questions with a “B” after their number are read to the team that selects set B.

1A. The ancient city of Tenochtitlan [ta-NOAK-teet-lawn], once the capital of the Aztec
empire, stood on the site of-- what modern-day capital city?

ANSWER: Mexico City

1B. It has volume lines on the sides for accurate liquid measurement. Name this piece of
lab equipment that contains a stopcock to let liquid flow quickly, slowly or not at all.

ANSWER: buret

2A. Pencils and paper ready! If a quadrilateral has angles of (x - 4), (2x - 5), (x + 5) and
(2x - 2) degrees, what is the value of x?

ANSWER: 61 degrees (6x - 6 = 360)

2B. What word means "to forcibly remove someone from an apartment for not paying
their rent" ?

ANSWER: eviction

3A. In the story of Cyrano de Bergerac, what part of Cyrano's body is so large that it
makes Cyrano think his girl will never love him back?

ANSWER: nose

3B. What is the most popular name for the painting that displays the wife of Francesco
Zanobi del Giocondo (jee-oh-CON-do)?

ANSWER: Mona Lisa (prompt on "La Gioconda")

4A. He donated money to both Republicans and Democrats before pleading guilty to mail
fraud, conspiracy and tax evasion in 2006. Name this longtime Washington lobbyist.

ANSWER: Jack Abramoff [A-bra-moff]

4B. He was shot in the back in 1882 by Bob Ford, a gang member who wanted the
$10,000 reward. Name this bank robber and co-leader of a notorious gang with his
brother Frank.

ANSWER: Jesse James

5A. Famed astronomer Carl Sagan's [SAY-gunz] license plate had the letters PHOBOS,
which spell out a moon of--what planet?

ANSWER: Mars

5B. Every year, desert winds raise temperatures in India to nearly 125 degrees just
before--what series of cooling rains?

ANSWER: monsoon

6A. Name the woman who won a Pulitzer Prize for her classic novel Gone With the Wind

ANSWER: Margaret Mitchell

6B. Pencils and paper ready! The Mersenne [mur-ZEN] prime numbers can be calculated
by the formula "two to the P minus one" (2P - 1), where P is a prime number greater than
1. Thus, the first Mersenne prime number is 3, or "two squared minus one" (22 - 1). Use
this formula to calculate the next Mersenne prime number.

ANSWER: 7 (23 - 1)

7A. Pencils and paper ready! A is the quantity (x + 3) to the fourth power, times the
quantity (x - 2) squared. B is the quantity (x + 3) cubed, times the quantity (x - 2) cubed.
Calculate, in lowest terms, A divided by B.

ANSWER: (x + 3) / (x - 2)

7B. Scientists researching the original Gutenberg Bible have finally figured out that
calcium carbonate was used to create--what color within the book?

ANSWER: white (calcium carbonate is chalk)

8A. Which animal, the only migratory bivalve, can be either breaded and deep-fried or
sautéed in butter?

ANSWER: scallops

8B. What 2006 TV series featured a relationship counselor who moves to an Alaska town
with 10 men for every woman?

ANSWER: Men in Trees

9A. Its technical name is a "transient ischemic [is-KEM-ic] attack." Identify this serious
medical condition in which blood flow to the brain momentarily stops.

ANSWER: stroke

9B. Patricia Dunn was fired in 2006 for spying on her own Board of Directors while
serving as Chairwoman of—what major computer firm?

ANSWER: Hewlett-Packard or HP

10A. Its name was recently changed to Tshwane [ta-SHWA-na]. Give the previous name
of this city, considered the "administrative capital of South Africa."

ANSWER: Pretoria

10B. Chiclayo [chee-KLY-o], Arequipa [ar-a-KEE-pa], Trujillo [tru-HEE-yo] and Cuzco

[KOOS-ko] are among the main cities in-- what South American country on the Pacific
Ocean?

ANSWER: Peru
Third period, 15 toss-ups, 10 points each

1. Codons that serve as "stop" commands all begin with—what letter that represents the
substance found in RNA but not in DNA?

ANSWER: U (for uracil)

2. 19th-century U.S. Presidents Rutherford B. Hayes, James Garfield, and Benjamin

Harrison were all born in--what Midwestern state?

ANSWER: Ohio

3. What Greek goddess, said to have sprung from the head of Zeus, was the subject of a
40-foot statue in the Parthenon, a building dedicated to her?

ANSWER: Athena

4. The full value of his contract for 2006 was just more than $22 million –to match his
uniform number—though he was paid only part of that for pitching only half the season.
Identify this former pitcher for the Red Sox and Yankees who now pitches for the
Houston Astros.

ANSWER: Roger Clemens

5. What popular show on Comedy Central tells its interviewees, "This isn't real. [Its title
character] will be playing an idiot" ?

ANSWER: The Colbert Report

6. In the computer language XML, attribute values are always enclosed by—what
punctuation marks?

ANSWER: quotation (or quote) marks

7. Paper manufacturers remove lignin from wood and then make white paper by
bleaching the remaining pulp with the dioxide compound of--what halogen [HAL-a-jin]?

ANSWER: chlorine

8. Pencils and paper ready! In the standard quadratic equation Ax2 + Bx + C = 0, give the
only value of x that solves the equation if B2 is exactly equal to 4AC.

ANSWER: -B/2A
9. Its sequel A Thousand Country Roads keeps its two main characters, Iowa housewife
Francesca Johnson and traveling photographer Robert Kincaid, away from each other.
Name this 1990's bestseller about their short-lived affair.

ANSWER: The Bridges of Madison County

10. The world’s largest concentration of pingos (defined as "cone-shaped hills with a
solid core of ice") is found in the northern part of the Mackenzie River Delta in-- what
country?

ANSWER: Canada

11. Andres Lopez has refused to concede the presidential election that he lost in 2006 to
—what new President of Mexico?

ANSWER: Felipe Calderon

12. Pencils and paper ready! How many seconds does a speed skater take per lap if he
does a 13-lap race in 5 minutes, 51 seconds?

ANSWER: 27 seconds (351/13)

13. In the human body, the intercostal muscles that aid in breathing are located beneath--
what set of bones that protect the heart and the lungs?

ANSWER: ribs

14. Its Mount Merapi [ma-RAWP-ee] volcano erupted in the summer of 2006--as if its
people didn't have enough trouble already! Identify this Asian nation that, in the 21st
century, has also seen more than 40 deaths from bird flu, a 9.0 earthquake and two
massive tsunamis.

ANSWER: Indonesia

15. It was hidden in the Grimpen Mire and nearly killed a man before being shot by
Sherlock Holmes. Name this literary title creature.

ANSWER: The Hound of the Baskervilles

Spare questions (try to replace the question discarded with the spare question in the
same subject area – i.e. science for science, etc.) Be sure to mark off questions as they
are used.

1. Name the author of the Pulitzer Prize-winning play Our Town.

ANSWER: Thornton Wilder

2. In German, what question word can be translated as "als" [alls] , "wenn" [ven] or
"wann" [vonn]?

ANSWER: when

3. The ancient sculptor Phidias [FID-ee-us] oversaw the construction of--what famed
building on the Acropolis hill in Athens?

ANSWER: the Parthenon

4. When she died, she became the first woman ever to lie in state in the Capitol Rotunda.
Name this woman most famous for her 1955 refusal to give up a seat on an Alabama bus.

ANSWER: Rosa Parks

5. In math, what is the term for the lower number in a fraction?

ANSWER: denominator

END OF MATCH 8
These questions are for use in the Virginia High School League’s
Scholastic Bowl competition at the Junior Varsity level for the 2006-
07 school year. Avery Enterprises of Johnstown, Colorado is the
author of these questions.

Districts must observe the following conditions, which must be

known by all coaches, competitors and spectators of the
competition:

(a) Release of these questions to any entity not affiliated with the competition or the
schools that are members of the given District, without prior approval of Shawn Pickrell,
is prohibited. This is meant to keep question security.
(b) The discussion or other reference to these questions with other entities in the
Commonwealth of Virginia that are associated in any way with Scholastic Bowl
competition is prohibited. This is also meant to keep question security.
(c) These questions may not be released AT ANY TIME to entities outside the
Commonwealth of Virginia, except with prior approval of Shawn Pickrell. Discussion of
these questions, however, is permitted between entities within and without the
Commonwealth of Virginia This will apply to ANY entity in the Commonwealth of
Virginia that receives these questions, be it directly from Shawn Pickrell or indirectly
through various means.

First period: 15 tossups, 10 points each

1. The Steven Spielberg movie War of the Worlds was based on a story by--what 19th-
century British author who also wrote The Invisible Man and The Time Machine?

ANSWER: H. G. Wells

2. What computer term refers specifically to the act of sending fraudulent e-mail that
claims to be from a legitimate company?

ANSWER: phishing

3. Pencils and paper ready! You are a contestant on Jeopardy! and get a Daily Double
when you have $7,000. How much money will you end up with if you are wrong after
betting exactly 21 3/7% of your money?

ANSWER: $5,500 (your bet is $1,500, so $1,500 as an answer is incorrect)

4.. In a chemistry lab, a ring stand is generally--what shape?

ANSWER: circle or circular

5. The opera house at the Palace of Versailles [vur-SIGH] was built for the wedding of--
what French aristocrat who, presumably, fed her reception guests a lot of cake?

ANSWER: Marie Antoinette

6. Name the Roman god of love who appears with a bow and arrow every February 14th.

ANSWER: Cupid

7. A recent study says that the chemicals known as "perchlorates" can now be found in
milk and may affect the body's uptake of iodine by--what gland?

ANSWER: thyroid

8. Pencils and paper ready! Find the two even numbers whose sum is 86.

ANSWER: 42 and 44

9. In what 2006 TV series does the title character get a job at a fashion magazine not for
her looks, but for her lack of looks?

ANSWER: Ugly Betty

10. If you win it, you get 24 hours to do whatever you want with it--as long as an escort
from the National Hockey League comes along too. Name this award given to NHL
championship teams.

ANSWER: the Stanley Cup

11. Federal agents in Michigan looked for his body again in 2006, more than 30 years
after he disappeared. Identify this former head of the Teamsters Union, once thought by
many to be buried under Giants Stadium in New Jersey.

ANSWER: Jimmy Hoffa

12. According to the U.S. Geologic Survey's online paleontology dictionary, what is "a
microscopic, one-celled animal consisting of a naked mass of protoplasm" called?

ANSWER: amoeba

13. He won a special Tony Award for lifetime achievement in the theatre. Name this
playwright whose works include Three Tall Women, Seascape, The Zoo Story and Who's
Afraid of Virginia Woolf?.

ANSWER: Edward Albee

14. In math, what term describes a fraction whose numerator is greater than its
denominator?

ANSWER: improper fraction

15. John Mark Karr was arrested in Thailand in 2006 after he falsely confessed to the
murder of—what 6-year-old Colorado girl whose real killer is still unknown?

ANSWER: JonBenet Ramsey

Second period, 10 directed questions per team, 10 points each

Questions with an “A” after their number are read to the team that selects set A.
Questions with a “B” after their number are read to the team that selects set B.

1A. The James Michener novel Centennial tells of events surrounding the beginnings of--
what U.S. state?

ANSWER: Colorado

1B. Give the Spanish term for the large grass-covered plains of Argentina.

ANSWER: pampa(s)

2A. Pencils and paper ready! On the curve y = x2 + 4x - 1 , calculate the value of y when
x = 3.

ANSWER: 20 (9 + 12 - 1)

2B. What Communist party leader championed the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural
Revolution during his time as the dictator of China?

ANSWER: Mao Tse-Tung

3A. Give the legal term for the government's forcible taking of your wages to satisfy a
legal demand, such as child support.

ANSWER: garnishing

3B. The square of a planet’s orbital period in years is proportional to the cube of the
length of the orbit’s semi-major axis. This is the Third Law of Planetary Motion named
for—what 17th-century German astronomer?

ANSWER: Johannes Kepler

4A. The newly-named Mouse River runs from Canada into the city of Minot [MY-not]
in--what state?

ANSWER: North Dakota

4B. Before you put a new tire on a car, you should usually ensure that the tire is inflated
to around 35 psi (say the letters P-S-I), where "psi" is an abbreviation for--what unit?

ANSWER: pounds per square inch

5A. Give the correct spelling of the mathematical function commonly abbreviated by the
term "log."

ANSWER: L-O-G-A-R-I-T-H-M (LOG-a-rith-um; accept "logarithmic" if spelled

correctly)

5B. Evansville, Valparaiso [val-pa-RAY-zo], Ball State, Purdue and Notre Dame are
among the colleges located in--what state?

ANSWER: Indiana

6A. One Intolerable Act passed by the British Parliament after the Boston Tea Party
required the colonists to provide supplies to British troops and was a main reason why--
which Constitutional Amendment was written into the Bill of Rights that prevents the
forced supplying of troops?

ANSWER: 3rd Amendment

6B. Besides "still awake", how many stages are a typical human sleep cycle divided into?

ANSWER: five

7A. He claims to have helped more than a million of his citizens become literate. Name
this current President of Venezuela.

ANSWER: Hugo Chavez

7B. What type of musical composition features a solo instrumentalist with an orchestra in
the background?

ANSWER: concerto

8A. The famed geneticist Gregor Mendel studied genetics for 8 years using the plants of--
what vegetable?

ANSWER: peas

8B. What grandfather of Charlemagne, nicknamed “The Hammer”, defeated the Muslims
at Tours in 732 AD?

ANSWER: Charles “The Hammer” Martel

9A. What Maryland mountain retreat used by U.S. Presidents was named for the
grandson of Dwight Eisenhower?

ANSWER: Camp David

9B. What term describes the amount of money you must pay on an insurance claim
before your insurance company will pay anything?

ANSWER: deductible

10A. Name the 2006 movie whose main character was really a universal remote control,
not Adam Sandler.

ANSWER: Click

10B. Pencils and paper ready! Calculate four to the negative one-half power.

ANSWER: 1/2
Third period, 15 toss-ups, 10 points each

1. I will name five chemical elements; you tell which one has the largest atomic radius:
sodium, oxygen, copper, argon or francium?

ANSWER: francium (largest because it's at the bottom of Group I)

2. Max Ernst, Man Ray, and Salvador Dali are among the artists most associated with--
what 20th-century art movement?

ANSWER: Surrealism

3. The state of Wyoming recently announced discovery of a 34-pound specimen of its

"common" type. Name this gem, made of silica, whose two more valuable varieties are
the "precious" type and the "fiery" type.

ANSWER: opal

4. Pencils and paper ready! Calculate the number X that completes the sentence, "The
square root of 28 plus the square root of 7 equals the square root of X."

ANSWER: 63 (3√7)

5. In hockey, what term describes “a non-short-handed team moving the puck from its
own half of the ice to beyond the other team’s goal line without scoring a goal”?

ANSWER: icing the puck

6. What country’s current border with Russia was agreed in 1945, largely along the
Curzon [CUR-zonn] Line?

ANSWER: Poland

7. Which member of the Blue Collar Comedy Tour is famous for saying "Git-R-Done!" ?

ANSWER: Larry the Cable Guy (or Dan Whitney)

8. In the Bible, what was Daniel's penalty for praying to God, instead of requesting what
he wanted from King Darius?

ANSWER: thrown in a den of lions (accept equivalents)

9. Within 20 years of its 1898 opening as a maker of bicycle tires, it had become the
world's largest rubber company. Name this maker of automobile tires and proud owner of
three blimps.

ANSWER: Goodyear (not B.F. Goodrich)

10. For the Spanish infinitive "hablar" [ah-BLAR], the first-person singular in the present
indicative is "hablo" [AW-blo]. Give that form for the verb "poder" [po-THAIR],
meaning "to be able to."

ANSWER: puedo [PWAY-thoe]

11. Lucky, Pozzo, Estragon and Vladimir are the four main characters in--what absurdist
play by Samuel Beckett?

ANSWER: Waiting for Godot

12. Pencils and paper ready! A circle with radius 4 is centered at the origin. What are the
new coordinates of the old point (4, 0) after the circle is rotated counterclockwise 270°?

ANSWER: (0, -4)

13. In the human respiratory system, oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between
the capillaries and--what set of air-filled cavities within the lungs that resemble clusters
of grapes?

ANSWER: alveoli (or alveolus) [al-VEE-a-lie]

14. "They tell me you are wicked and I believe them, for I have seen your painted women
under the gas lamps luring the farm boys." This is one line from-- what Carl Sandburg
poem that calls its title city "Stacker of Wheat" and "City of the Big Shoulders"?

ANSWER: Chicago (prompt on "Sandburg" before his name is read)

15. After the death of his second wife, his first term ended in a 1955 military coup. Name
this world leader whose second term as President ended in 1973, when he died and left
his wife Isabel in charge of Argentina.

ANSWER: Juan Peron [pa-ROAN]

Spare questions (try to replace the question discarded with the spare question in the
same subject area – i.e. science for science, etc.) Be sure to mark off questions as they
are used.

1. In 2006, the Chinese government opened a new 2,500-mile railroad route between
Beijing and—what capital city of Tibet?

ANSWER: Lhasa [loss-a]

2. What group of elements that have a +2 oxidation number include strontium, beryllium,
magnesium and calcium?

ANSWER: alkaline earth (or Group II) metals

3. What man's 1877 will, recently bought at auction for $80,000, provided $25 a month to
each of his 18 living wives?

ANSWER: Brigham Young

4. Many of Thomas Edison's first patents were related to improving—what 19th-century
communications device by allowing it to print out received messages?

ANSWER: telegraph

5. What American author included a "thrilling tragedy" called "the Royal Nonesuch" in
his novel Huckleberry Finn ?

ANSWER: Mark Twain or Samuel Clemens

END OF MATCH 9
These questions are for use in the Virginia High School League’s
Scholastic Bowl competition at the Junior Varsity level for the 2006-
07 school year. Avery Enterprises of Johnstown, Colorado is the
author of these questions.

Districts must observe the following conditions, which must be

known by all coaches, competitors and spectators of the
competition:

(a) Release of these questions to any entity not affiliated with the competition or the
schools that are members of the given District, without prior approval of Shawn Pickrell,
is prohibited. This is meant to keep question security.
(b) The discussion or other reference to these questions with other entities in the
Commonwealth of Virginia that are associated in any way with Scholastic Bowl
competition is prohibited. This is also meant to keep question security.
(c) These questions may not be released AT ANY TIME to entities outside the
Commonwealth of Virginia, except with prior approval of Shawn Pickrell. Discussion of
these questions, however, is permitted between entities within and without the
Commonwealth of Virginia This will apply to ANY entity in the Commonwealth of
Virginia that receives these questions, be it directly from Shawn Pickrell or indirectly
through various means.

First period: 15 tossups, 10 points each

1. Toronto's First Canadian Place recently exhibited photos of her, taken by her father
Otto before World War II. Name this girl who died in 1945 in a Nazi concentration camp,
leaving only her diary behind.

ANSWER: Anne Frank

2. Name the religion whose teachings include an Eightfold Path.

ANSWER: Buddhism

3. The soap operas Guiding Light, As the World Turns, The Bold and the Beautiful, and
The Young and the Restless all appear on—what television network's daytime schedule?

ANSWER: CBS

4. Give the correct spelling of the tree whose namesake nut makes green Jello pudding.

ANSWER: P-I-S-T-A-C-H-I-O
5. The "oldest object on earth" was recently displayed in Wisconsin, a crystal some 4
billion years old that is made from the silicate compound of--what chemical element with
symbol Zr [spell out]?

ANSWER: zirconium (not zircon)

6. When playing pool, what have you done if you pocket the cue ball instead of a solid
ball or striped ball?

ANSWER: scratched

7. Pencils and paper ready! How many fastballs does a baseball pitcher throw if he
throws 65% fastballs in a game of 120 pitches?

ANSWER: 78

8. The country of Holland is surrounded by dikes that keep the surrounding sea from
flooding the country. What general term is used to describe the large areas of land kept
dry by the dikes?

ANSWER: polder(s)

9. Pencils and paper ready! If the angles of a right triangle are in the ratio 1:1:2 and the
hypotenuse is the square root of 98, how long is each of the two legs?

ANSWER: 7

10. The 10th-century era known as the Age of the Five Dynasties took place in--what
Asian country?

ANSWER: China

11. The Hellenic [ha-LEN-ick] Ministry of Culture considers it the most important site in
Athens. Name this hill that contains many examples of ancient Greek art.

ANSWER: the Acropolis

12. Jody Williams won the Nobel Peace Prize for her work in creating a treaty to ban—
what explosive devices?

ANSWER: land mines

13. What area of New York City is famed for being the home of many artists and writers?

ANSWER: Greenwich Village

14. He defined a neighbor as, "One whom we are commanded to love as ourselves, and
who does all he knows how to make us disobedient." Name this 19th-century American
author of The Devil's Dictionary.

ANSWER: Ambrose Bierce

15. In chemistry, whose law can be expressed as, "The amount of substance dissolved at
an electrode is proportional to the amount of electrical charge in the circuit" ?

ANSWER: Faraday's law of electrolysis

Second period, 10 directed questions per team, 10 points each

Questions with an “A” after their number are read to the team that selects set A.
Questions with a “B” after their number are read to the team that selects set B.

1A. One aspect of Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal that still exists today is--what agency,
abbreviated by the acronym SEC?

ANSWER: Securities and Exchange Commission

1B. Give the 3-word French term for a literary pseudonym.

ANSWER: nom de plume [noam day ploom]

2A. What type of cloud has a name in English that comes from the Latin for "rain"?

ANSWER: nimbus

2B. Pencils and paper ready! Eight more than four times a number X is between 10 and
27, non-inclusive. How many integers are possible values for x?

ANSWER: 4 (1, 2, 3, 4)

3A. In the Bible, Noah's Ark contained Noah, his wife, their sons, and their sons' wives.
How many people was that all together?

ANSWER: eight (Noah had 3 sons)

3B. What ship captain is the victim of the Herman Wouk [woke] title incident, The Caine
Mutiny?

ANSWER: Captain Philip Queeg

4A. The spring of 1968, when Czechoslovakia tried to rebel against the Soviet Union, is
now known by the name of--what capital of the Czech Republic?

ANSWER: Prague Spring

4B. If a piece of music is written in 6/8 time, what type of note generally receives one
count?

ANSWER: an eighth note

5A. In geography, the northern boundary of what is considered the "tropics" is known by
the term "Tropic of"--what astrological sign?

ANSWER: Cancer

5B. Name the home state of U.S. Senator Rick Santorum [san-TOAR-um].

ANSWER: Pennsylvania

6A. In math, what is the term for an angle between 90 and 180 degrees?

ANSWER: obtuse

6B. When drawing a phase diagram in chemistry, what point occurs where the line
between liquid and gas comes to an end and the liquid state ceases to exist?

ANSWER: critical point

7A. Give the term, recently in the news, for the technique defined as "getting someone's
personal information under false pretenses."

ANSWER: pretexting

7B. Its branch libraries include one named for the Choctaw Indians. What U.S. city's
Memorial Institute for the Prevention of Terrorism is located near what was once the
Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building?

ANSWER: Oklahoma City, Oklahoma

8A. What animal's English name comes from an Australian aboriginal [ab-a-RIDGE-a-
null] word for "large gray marsupial" ?

ANSWER: kangaroo

8B. In economics, what term is defined as "two or more consecutive quarters of declining
GDP"?

ANSWER: recession

9A. In the Julie Andrews movie of The Sound of Music, what song does the Mother
Superior sing when telling Maria that she must go back to the Von Trapp house?

ANSWER: Climb Every Mountain

9B. What 1783 treaty signed by England recognized the United States as independent and
ended the American Revolution?

ANSWER: Treaty of Paris

10A. While waiting for her brother Clifford to return from prison, Hepzibah Pyncheon
opens a small shop within --what title house of a Nathaniel Hawthorne novel?

ANSWER: The House of the Seven Gables

10B. Name the classic rock group whose lead singer Ronnie Van Zant died in a 1977
plane crash, just 3 years after the band's hit song "Sweet Home Alabama."

ANSWER: Lynyrd Skynyrd [leonard skin-erd]

Third period, 15 toss-ups, 10 points each

1. Pencils and paper ready! Your dresser has 4 red pencils, 5 yellow pencils, and 2 blue
pencils. If you pick two pencils off the dresser without looking, calculate the probability,
in lowest terms, that you get both blue ones.

ANSWER: 1/55 (or one in fifty-five) [2/11 x 1/10]

2. Recent research shows that the standard blood test intended to detect it is wrong 95%
of the time. Name this type of cancer more accurately detected by a sigmoidoscopy [sig-
moid-AW-sca-pee].

ANSWER: colon (or colorectal) cancer

3. Procter & Gamble recently agreed to buy--what large business that makes the Oral-B
toothbrush, Right Guard deodorant, and the Mach 3 razor?

ANSWER: Gillette

4. As it was pulled through the streets on its festival days, its worshippers often threw
themselves under its wheels to be crushed. Name this idol god of ancient India whose
name today is used to describe something that seems absolutely impossible to stop.

ANSWER: Juggernaut

5. "I'm a man...but I can change...if I have to...I guess" is the Men's Prayer said at the
beginning of every Possum Lodge meeting in--what Canadian sitcom, often shown on
PBS and named for its "colorful" handyman character played by Steve Smith?

ANSWER: The Red Green Show (accept "Possum Lodge" or "Men's Prayer" before they
are read)

6. One of this group's major characteristics is its delocalized pi orbital. They are used
both as chemical solvents and as explosives, like TNT. Name this type of hydrocarbon
whose simplest example is benzene.

ANSWER: aromatic

7. Shortly before his death, he left his family and began a new life as a wandering
ascetic--quite the change for a wealthy man more than 80 years old. Name this legendary
Russian author who died in 1910.

ANSWER: Leo Tolstoy

8. Pencils and paper ready! A number z varies directly as a number x and inversely as
another number y. What is the value of the proportionality constant k when
x = 8, y = 6 and z = 4?

ANSWER: k = 3 (z = kx/y, so 4 = 8k/6)

9. Since 1948, the Framingham Heart Study has studied factors leading to heart disease
through two generations of suburban families that live near-- what major Eastern city?

ANSWER: Framingham is a suburb of Boston, Massachusetts

10. The stomata, or pores, on the underside of many leaves, help in the exchange of—
what two common gases?

ANSWER: carbon dioxide (or CO2) and oxygen

11. Many astronomers have suggested downgrading Pluto to an object in it, while
Saturn’s moon Phoebe [FEE-bee] might have been captured from it. Name this area, just
beyond the orbit of Neptune, that is home to many short-period comets.

ANSWER: Kuiper [KY-pur] Belt

12. The prophet Jeremiah wrote the Biblical book of Lamentations to mourn the takeover
by the Babylonians of--what ancient Jewish city?

ANSWER: Jerusalem

13. His silhouette appears in the official symbol of the NBA. Name this star guard who,
after years as Laker general manager, is now president of the Memphis Grizzlies.

ANSWER: Jerry West

14. In George W. Bush's September 2006 speech to the U.N. General Assembly, what
country's residents did he tell, "Together, we overthrew the Taliban regime that brought
misery into your lives" ?

ANSWER: Afghanistan

15. Thomas Edison was a big financial backer of Marconi's patents for—what still-
popular technology, now available in a "satellite" version?

ANSWER: radio
Spare questions (try to replace the question discarded with the spare question in the
same subject area – i.e. science for science, etc.) Be sure to mark off questions as they
are used.

1. He served 12 years as governor of Indiana Territory from 1801 to 1813. Name this
politician who spent the last month of his life in 1841 as President of the United States.

ANSWER: William Henry Harrison (not Benjamin Harrison)

2. What common handicraft is defined by Webster's as "the art or process of forming

decorative designs with hand or machine needlework" ?

ANSWER: embroidery

3. In the short story of Young Goodman Brown, what is the first name of Goodman
Brown's wife?

ANSWER: Faith

4. Pencils and paper ready! If a factory worker can make 2 widgets in 3 minutes, how
many widgets can he make in a standard 8-hour day?

ANSWER: 320 (40 per hour)

5. A person with no musical ability whatsoever is often said to have-- what kind of
"metallic" ear?

ANSWER: tin

END OF MATCH 10
These questions are for use in the Virginia High School League’s
Scholastic Bowl competition at the Junior Varsity level for the 2006-
07 school year. Avery Enterprises of Johnstown, Colorado is the
author of these questions.

Districts must observe the following conditions, which must be

known by all coaches, competitors and spectators of the
competition:

(a) Release of these questions to any entity not affiliated with the competition or the
schools that are members of the given District, without prior approval of Shawn Pickrell,
is prohibited. This is meant to keep question security.
(b) The discussion or other reference to these questions with other entities in the
Commonwealth of Virginia that are associated in any way with Scholastic Bowl
competition is prohibited. This is also meant to keep question security.
(c) These questions may not be released AT ANY TIME to entities outside the
Commonwealth of Virginia, except with prior approval of Shawn Pickrell. Discussion of
these questions, however, is permitted between entities within and without the
Commonwealth of Virginia This will apply to ANY entity in the Commonwealth of
Virginia that receives these questions, be it directly from Shawn Pickrell or indirectly
through various means.

First period: 15 tossups, 10 points each

1. Pencils and paper ready! Find the average of the six numbers 34, 56, 8, 14, 21 and 17.

ANSWER: 25 (150/6)

2. What general color is the compound "calcium carbonate" ?

ANSWER: white (calcium carbonate is chalk)

3. The CW network formed in 2006 as a merger of—what two other TV networks?

ANSWER: UPN (or United Paramount Network) and WB (or Warner Brothers)

4. Desolation Angels and The Dharma Bums were both written by--what American
author of On the Road?

ANSWER: Jack Kerouac [CAIR-oo-ack]

5. What scientific term describes any process carried out at a temperature below –183
degrees Celsius?

ANSWER: cryogenics [not "very cold"]

6. 17th-century explorer Bartholomew Gosnold named it for the many fish of that kind he
found there. Identify this National Seashore at the eastern tip end of Massachusetts.

ANSWER: Cape Cod

7. He owned iron gloves, a belt that doubled the strength of its wearer, and a hammer that
created thunder. Name this Norse god and son of Odin.

ANSWER: Thor

8. In the computer language XML, XML comments are surrounded by angle brackets and
—what punctuation mark?

ANSWER: exclamation point (!)

9. What NFL team’s nickname keeps the "cat" motif used by that city's former football
team, the Panthers, and its current baseball team, the Tigers?

ANSWER: Detroit Lions (prompt on Detroit)

10. Denver, Colorado's Colfax Avenue is just one thing named for Schuyler [sky-ler]
Colfax, who served as Vice-President to—what 19th-century Republican President who,
before taking office, served as head of the Union Army during the Civil War?

ANSWER: Ulysses S. Grant

11. It can mean "something that is always prolific" (like an imagination) or soil that is
very productive. Give this 7-letter word that also means "capable of reproducing."

ANSWER: fertile

12. Pencils and paper ready! In the equation A = 4 π r2 , what happens to A if r is tripled?

ANSWER: A increases by a factor of 9 (accept equivalents)

13. Nearly 90% of the earth’s geologic history can be classified as "Precambrian time",
which was followed by "Cambrian time." What era contained the Cambrian period?

ANSWER: Paleozoic Era

14. What world leader's artistic achievements included a museum dedicated to

Hammurabi and another to Nebuchadnezzar before he was unceremoniously removed
from power by the United States in 2003?

ANSWER: Saddam Hussein

15. In the Dickens novel A Tale of Two Cities, give the last name of the character who
says at the end, "It is a far, far better thing that I do, than I have ever done."

ANSWER: Sydney Carton

Second period, 10 directed questions per team, 10 points each

Questions with an “A” after their number are read to the team that selects set A.
Questions with a “B” after their number are read to the team that selects set B.

1A. In 2006, scientists found evidence of an "aurora borealis" on—which planet?

ANSWER: Mars

1B. The Spy, The Pathfinder, and The Prairie were all novels by--what 19th-century
American author of the "Leatherstocking Tales"?

ANSWER: James Fenimore Cooper

2A. Name the American program that helped rebuild the devastated nations of western
Europe in the aftermath of World War II.

ANSWER: Marshall Plan

2B. The highest-altitude airport in the world is the El Alto Airport in La Paz [poss],
which is one of the capitals of--what South American country?

ANSWER: Bolivia

3A. Pencils and paper ready! If a town with a population of 54,000 people today loses a
third of its population every 20 years, how many people will live in the town 60 years
from now?

ANSWER: 16,000 (54,000 x 2/3 x 2/3 x 2/3)

3B. What capital city, named Edo [EE-dough] until 1868, was bombed by American pilot
Jimmy Doolittle in April 1942?

ANSWER: Tokyo, Japan

4A. Pencils and paper ready! In terms of π, calculate the length of a 75-degree arc of a
circle with radius 9 feet.

ANSWER: 3.75 π or 15π/4 or 3 ¾ π (2π x 9 x 75/360)

4B. Name the part of a human nerve cell that has lots of little "fingers" to help acquire
information.

ANSWER: dendrites
5A. Staph and strep infections are both caused by cocci [COK-eye], or bacteria that have
—what physical shape?

ANSWER: spherical (or circular)

5B. Name the animal whose travels around America with John Steinbeck were told in a
1962 Steinbeck story.

ANSWER: Travels With Charley

6A. Two answers required! What are the two largest animals in Picasso's anti-war
painting Guernica [gair-NEE-ca]?

ANSWER: bull and horse

6B. Pencils and paper ready! Give the result if the polynomial expression
24xy2 + 40xy – 16x2y3 is divided by 8xy.

ANSWER: 3y + 5 – 2xy2

7A. What body of water, famous for its crude oil deposits, is between England and
Norway?

ANSWER: North Sea

7B. Name America's largest chain of home-improvement stores, which in Fortune

magazine's Top 100 for 2006, is 28 places ahead of its major rival.

ANSWER: Home Depot

8A. A recent study says that the herbal supplement echinacea [ek-a-NAY-see-a], which
many people take when they have a cold, doesn’t actually help you get better any faster.
Spell the word "echinacea."

ANSWER: E-C-H-I-N-A-C-E-A

8B. Mary McAleese, the female President of Ireland, gave the 2006 commencement
address at—what Midwest university?

ANSWER: Notre Dame (the Fighting Irish)

9A. Which Disney movie featured the classic song Supercalifragilisticexpialadocious ?

ANSWER: Mary Poppins

9B. It was used in glow-in-the-dark watch dials in the 1950's--not recommended for good
health these days. Name this heaviest alkaline earth element, one of two elements
discovered by Marie Curie.

ANSWER: radium

10A. Name the day and date in 44 BC when Julius Caesar was assassinated.

ANSWER: March 15 or the (Ides of March)

10B. One week after the September 11th attacks in 2001, NBC News and the National
Enquirer each received a letter containing material that caused--what deadly disease that
killed 5 people?

ANSWER: anthrax
Third period, 15 toss-ups, 10 points each

1. The female lead in Aaron Copland's opera The Tender Land shares--what first name
(but not its spelling) with the female lead in the Broadway musical Oklahoma! ?

ANSWER: Laurie

2. What title character falls in love with Christine, with whom he tries to share the music
of the night?

ANSWER: The Phantom of the Opera

3. Its projects cost nothing but a few minutes of time to shuffle things around a house.
Name this HGTV series that is also the name of an Olympic swimming stroke.

ANSWER: FreeStyle

4. Give the most common English translation of the French verb "vivre" [veev-ra].

ANSWER: to live

5. As of September 2006, what politician has spent the last year and a half as chairman of
the Democratic National Committee?

ANSWER: Howard Dean

6. Pencils and paper ready! If a mole of an ideal gas at STP occupies 22.4 liters and
oxygen weighs 16 grams per mole, calculate the volume occupied by 48 grams of O2 gas
at STP.

ANSWER: 33.6 liters (32 g = 22.4 liters, so 48 = 33.6)

7. What parable by Jesus contains the phrase, "Five of them were wise and five of them
were foolish" ?

ANSWER: the Ten Virgins

8. What British Nobel laureate in Literature, more famous for his political career, wrote
four volumes on World War I, six more on World War II, and four more on the History of
the English-Speaking Peoples?

ANSWER: Winston Churchill

9. Two answers required! The surprising 2006 German World Cup soccer team finished
in third place while playing in their home country. Name the only two teams that finished
ahead of them.

ANSWER: France and Italy

10. Pencils and paper ready! You take a practice SAT that has only 8 questions. Though
the test is hard, you narrow each question down so you have a 50/50 chance of getting
each one right. Calculate the probability that, somehow, you got all 8 wrong.

ANSWER: 1/256

11. By the end of World War II, it was using 15% of America's daily power production
all by itself. Name this Tennessee town where much of the research on the atomic bomb
was done.

ANSWER: Oak Ridge

12. You can now read the blog of its new CEO, Jonathan Schwartz, who is trying to build
on the foundation set by his predecessor, Scott McNealy. Identify this technology giant
whose "hot" products include the "Fire" brand of servers and Solaris software.

ANSWER: Sun Microsystems

13. In math, what is the most common meaning of a sideways figure 8?

ANSWER: infinity

14. "Ten thousand eyes were on [its title character] as he rubbed his hands with dirt, /
Five thousand tongues applauded when he wiped them on his shirt." This is one of the
lines of--what poem by Ernest Lawrence Thayer that ends with "no joy in Mudville" ?

ANSWER: Casey at the Bat

15. In biology, the so-called "cell cycle" contains four stages: G1, S, G2 and M. What
does M stand for, the stage when chromosomes separate?

ANSWER: mitosis (not meiosis)

Spare questions (try to replace the question discarded with the spare question in the
same subject area – i.e. science for science, etc.) Be sure to mark off questions as they
are used.

1. Which biological process copies a strand of DNA?

ANSWER: replication

2. Name the short story in which Gregor Samsa awakens to find that he has turned into an
enormous insect.

ANSWER: The Metamorphosis

3. In 2006, a government lawyer that sent previous trial material to prospective witnesses
basically eliminated the possibility of the death penalty for—what convicted terrorist, the
so-called “20th hijacker” on September 11th ?

ANSWER: Zacharias Moussaoui [moo-SOW-ee]

4. Name the rock musician whose recent CD Devils and Dust does not feature his E
Street Band.

ANSWER: Bruce Springsteen

5. Which lung disease tends to keep oxygen out and carbon dioxide in?

ANSWER: emphysema

END OF MATCH 11
These questions are for use in the Virginia High School League’s
Scholastic Bowl competition at the Junior Varsity level for the 2006-
07 school year. Avery Enterprises of Johnstown, Colorado is the
author of these questions.

Districts must observe the following conditions, which must be

known by all coaches, competitors and spectators of the
competition:

(a) Release of these questions to any entity not affiliated with the competition or the
schools that are members of the given District, without prior approval of Shawn Pickrell,
is prohibited. This is meant to keep question security.
(b) The discussion or other reference to these questions with other entities in the
Commonwealth of Virginia that are associated in any way with Scholastic Bowl
competition is prohibited. This is also meant to keep question security.
(c) These questions may not be released AT ANY TIME to entities outside the
Commonwealth of Virginia, except with prior approval of Shawn Pickrell. Discussion of
these questions, however, is permitted between entities within and without the
Commonwealth of Virginia This will apply to ANY entity in the Commonwealth of
Virginia that receives these questions, be it directly from Shawn Pickrell or indirectly
through various means.

First period: 15 tossups, 10 points each

1. The Asteraceae [a-STAIR-a-say] family of dicots includes dandelions, daisies and—

which flowers that are popular in Kansas and have edible seeds?

ANSWER: sunflowers

2. The flexible fuel known as E85, now used in many cars, is only 15% gasoline. What
material is the other 85% made of?

ANSWER: ethanol or ethyl alcohol

3. A fricassee [FRICK-a-see] is a meat dish served in a white sauce. Spell the word
"fricassee."

ANSWER: F-R-I-C-A-S-S-E-E

4. What ancient religious group is said to have used England’s Stonehenge as a place of
worship?

ANSWER: the Druids

5. The death of Abraham Lincoln is memorialized in the poem When Lilacs Last in the
Dooryard Bloom’d by—what 19th-century author?

ANSWER: Walt Whitman

6. Who won a 2006 Primetime Emmy Award for his portrayal of Jack Bauer on 24?

ANSWER: Kiefer Sutherland

7. When looking at a musical staff with a treble clef, the notes represented by the 4
spaces in between the 5 lines spell--what 4-letter word from bottom to top?

ANSWER: face

8. Unlike Yellowstone, it was established to honor man-made objects. Identify this

Colorado national park whose 100th anniversary is being celebrated in 2006 and whose
name is Spanish for "green table."

ANSWER: Mesa Verde National Park

9. What electronics company makes the Trinitron television, the Vaio [VAY-o] computer
and the Walkman?

ANSWER: Sony

10. They are some 200,000 light-years from Earth and named for the European who saw
them during his voyage around the world. Name these two galaxies.

ANSWER: Large and Small Magellanic Clouds

11. Pencils and paper ready! You have won a trip around the world that stops in 3
different countries, but your airplane must stop in one of 9 countries in Europe, one of 4
countries in Africa, and one of 14 countries in Asia. How many possible itineraries do
you have?

ANSWER: 504 (9 x 4 x 14)

12. The Mariel Boatlift of 1980 brought more than 100,000 people to America from--
what island nation?

ANSWER: Cuba

13. Name the federal government agency in charge of the nation's broadcast waves.

ANSWER: Federal Communications Commission or FCC

14. In football, how long is a field goal if the ball is kicked from the nearest 30-yard line?

ANSWER: 40 yards (the goalpost is at the back of the end zone, which adds 10 yards to
all kicks)

15. She "stops the world" in her recent book. Name this fictional character whose
previous books include her "hypnotic time travel adventure" and her "incredible book of
hypnotism."

ANSWER: Molly Moon

Second period, 10 directed questions per team, 10 points each

Questions with an “A” after their number are read to the team that selects set A.
Questions with a “B” after their number are read to the team that selects set B.

1A. In what Eastern city can you see the Allegheny [al-a-GAY-nee], Ohio and
Monongahela [ma-NON-ga-hee-la] Rivers from the top of Mount Washington?

ANSWER: Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania [note: there's a Mount Washington in New

Hampshire--but the 3 rivers aren't there]

1B. The British area of Yorkshire wants the nearby area of Nottinghamshire to remove its
signs that advertise Nottinghamshire as the home of--what legendary character, said to
have robbed from the rich and given to the poor?

ANSWER: Robin Hood

2A. Edna Ferber and Alexander Woollcott were members of—what 1920’s literary group
whose daily lunch at a New York hotel also included Dorothy Parker?

ANSWER: Algonquin Round Table

2B. The artistic movement known as Art Deco got its name from a 1920's exhibition in--
what European capital?

ANSWER: Paris, France

3A. Indium phosphide and gallium nitride are two of the more recent compounds added
to--what element used in computer chips?

ANSWER: silicon (accept "computer chips" or equivalent before it is said)

3B. According to Ralph Waldo Emerson, "Whoso would be a man must be a -- " what?

ANSWER: nonconformist

4A. His empire did not last long after his death in 814 AD because of his son's
incompetence as a ruler. Name this greatest of the Frankish kings.

ANSWER: Charlemagne
4B. Pencils and paper ready! The cost of mailing a letter first-class in the United States is
currently 39 cents for the first ounce, plus 24 cents for each additional ounce up to 16
ounces. If W is an integer greater than or equal to 1, give the algebraic equation that
relates the cost C in cents to the weight of the letter W in ounces.

ANSWER: C = 23 [W - 1] + 37 (or C = 23W + 14) (do not accept "C = 23W + 37")

5A. What Herman Melville title character's final words were, "God bless Captain Vere!"
[vair]?

ANSWER: Billy Budd, Sailor

5B. In unborn babies, the liver produces red blood cells until--what body part takes over
that function?

ANSWER: bone marrow

6A. His double life was discussed in a recent book by the three children he had with one
of his three German lovers. Name this legendary pilot who came to Paris by himself in
1927 in his plane The Spirit of St. Louis.

ANSWER: Charles Lindbergh

6B. A 2006 list of the world's most expensive cities included (as usual) New York City,
though 9 cities were even more expensive, including five world capitals. Name any two
of those five capitals.

ANSWER: Copenhagen, Denmark, London, England, Moscow, Russia, Seoul, South

Korea and Tokyo, Japan

7A. Alaska's Malaspina is classified as—what type of glacier, caused when a valley
glacier spills into a flat plain and spreads out into lobes?

ANSWER: Piedmont glaciers

7B. 2006 marks the 51st anniversary of the death of--what actor who died at age 24 in
1955 after making the films East of Eden, Giant, and Rebel Without a Cause?

ANSWER: James Dean

8A. Two West Virginia men committed suicide in 2006 after they felt some responsibility
for the explosion at—what coal mine where 12 miners died and only one survived?

ANSWER: Sago [SAY-go] Mine

8B. The "Mormon" Church now has a temple in Nauvoo [naw-VOO], a city located in--
what Midwestern state where church members lived before migrating to Utah in the
1840's?

ANSWER: Illinois

9A. The female part of a flower contains the stigma, the style and—what other part?

ANSWER: ovary

9B. The Peruvian government recently announced a $130 million plan to keep tourists
and natural erosion from destroying--what famed 16th-century archeological ruins?

ANSWER: Machu Picchu [motch-oo PEE-choo]

10A. Pencils and paper ready! On a map, if 1/6 inch equals 5 miles, how far apart are two
objects that are 5 1/3 inches apart on the map?

ANSWER: 160 miles

10B. Their name may have come from an old Spanish custom of navigators throwing
their animals overboard in these areas of calm. Name these two belts of subtropic high
pressure, located at about thirty degrees north and thirty degrees south of the equator.

ANSWER: horse latitudes

Third period, 15 toss-ups, 10 points each

1. His allegation that more than 200 Communists were working in the U.S. State
Department sparked a nationwide fear. Name this Wisconsin Senator finally censured in
1953.

ANSWER: Joseph McCarthy

2. He would have shot Governor Gessler with his next arrow--had he not hit the apple on
his son's head with the first one. Name this title character of an 18th-century work by the
German playwright Schiller.

ANSWER: Wilhelm (or William) Tell

3. The Stephen Spielberg movie Munich dealt with the death of 9 Israeli athletes at the
Summer Olympics in Munich that were held in—what year?

ANSWER: 1972

4. Pencils and paper ready! Two animals mate with each other, and both are
heterozygotes [HET-a-row-zy-goats] for a given gene. If having two copies of the
recessive allele [a-LEEL] is immediately fatal, what fraction of the offspring will be
heterozygotes?

ANSWER: 2/3 (1/4 die, 1/2 heterozygous, 1/4 homozygous dominant, so 1/2 over 3/4 =
2/3)

5. He was said to have grown up as a man, spent seven years as a woman, and then
become a man again. Name this ancient blind Greek prophet.

ANSWER: Tiresias [ty-REE-see-us]

6. What world leader did the U.S. remove from power in 1989 after he had spent nearly a
decade as the dictator of Panama?

ANSWER: Manuel Noriega

7. Pencils and paper ready! A snail is trying to crawl up an 8-foot-high fence. Each day,
he goes up 9 inches; each night, he falls back 6 inches. If he starts at the bottom on day 1,
on which day will the snail first reach the top of the fence?

ANSWER: Day 30 (after day 29, he will be at 7'3", so the 30th day, he’ll get to the top)
8. What play, inspired by Elvis Presley's stint in the Army, tells of a rock star who joins
the Army after he kisses a girl named Kim in Sweet Apple, Ohio?

ANSWER: Bye Bye Birdie

9. Some of its original inhabitants, who were moved to Mauritius [ma-RISH-us] in the
early 1970's, returned for a visit in 2006—though they were kept away from the part of it
that is now a U.S. military base. Give the two-word name of this island, about 1,000
miles from Baghdad in the Indian Ocean.

ANSWER: Diego Garcia

10. The chemical indicator bromphenol [BROM-fa-nawl] blue indicates pH between

about 5.0 (when it is purple) and about 3.0, when it becomes—what color?

ANSWER: yellow ("blue" would be too easy)

11. Pencils and paper ready! Give the sum of all integers x defined by the inequality "the
absolute value of x is less than 150.5."

ANSWER: zero (positive and negative integers cancel each other out)

12. Its brightest star Regulus was recently found to be spinning nearly fast enough to tear
itself apart. Name this Zodiac constellation, located between Virgo and Cancer.

ANSWER: Leo

13. It includes parts of northern Guatemala and Belize [ba-LEEZ] and lies between the
Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. Name this peninsula that makes up much of
southeastern Mexico.

ANSWER: Yucatan [YEW-ka-tan]

14. Some of its first reviews called it a blatant rip-off of the Michael J. Fox movie Doc
Hollywood. Name this 2006 film that featured the voices of George Carlin, Cheech
Marin, Larry the Cable Guy and Owen Wilson, who plays Lightning McQueen.

ANSWER: Cars

15. Pencils and paper ready! You are trying to grow bacteria for your next science lab. 24
hours ago, you had 100 bacteria. The teacher says that the bacteria double in number
every 8 hours. How many bacteria do you have now?

ANSWER: 800
Spare questions (try to replace the question discarded with the spare question in the
same subject area – i.e. science for science, etc.) Be sure to mark off questions as they
are used.

1. What Broadway musical describes how the Washington Senators finally won a
pennant in baseball over their most-hated rivals?

ANSWER: Damn Yankees!

2. In math, what is the term for a section of the curved line that makes up the
circumference of a circle?

ANSWER: arc

3. Recent research says the measurement accuracy of the kilogram can be improved if an
exact value is given to the number of atoms in one mole of any substance. Name the
Italian scientist who found that number of atoms to be approximately 6.02 x 1023.

ANSWER: Amedeo Avogadro

4. What color is translated by the German word "schwarz" [SHVARTZ]?

ANSWER: black
5. Before the U.S. Congress began permanently meeting in Washington, D.C., it met in
eight other locations, including New York City and Philadelphia. Name either of the two
Maryland cities where it met.

ANSWER: Baltimore or Annapolis

END OF MATCH 12
These questions are for use in the Virginia High School League’s
Scholastic Bowl competition at the Junior Varsity level for the 2006-
07 school year. Avery Enterprises of Johnstown, Colorado is the
author of these questions.

Districts must observe the following conditions, which must be

known by all coaches, competitors and spectators of the
competition:

(a) Release of these questions to any entity not affiliated with the competition or the
schools that are members of the given District, without prior approval of Shawn Pickrell,
is prohibited. This is meant to keep question security.
(b) The discussion or other reference to these questions with other entities in the
Commonwealth of Virginia that are associated in any way with Scholastic Bowl
competition is prohibited. This is also meant to keep question security.
(c) These questions may not be released AT ANY TIME to entities outside the
Commonwealth of Virginia, except with prior approval of Shawn Pickrell. Discussion of
these questions, however, is permitted between entities within and without the
Commonwealth of Virginia This will apply to ANY entity in the Commonwealth of
Virginia that receives these questions, be it directly from Shawn Pickrell or indirectly
through various means.

First period: 15 tossups, 10 points each

1. What scientific term, already defined in geology as "a body of igneous rock formed by
consolidation of magma", was re-defined in 2006 by astronomers as "a planet whose orbit
lies beyond the orbit of Neptune"?

ANSWER: pluton

2. Pencils and paper ready! Use π to calculate the surface area (in square inches) of a
sphere with diameter 8 inches.

ANSWER: 64 π sq. in. (radius is 4, so 4 x π x 16)

3. The Civil War battles of Boonsboro, Monocacy [ma-NAW-ka-see] and Sharpsburg all
took place in--what state?

ANSWER: Maryland

4. In mythology, what warrior is the father of Orestes [or-ESS-teez] and Electra?

ANSWER: Agamemnon

5. Name the current Chief of Staff for President George W. Bush.

ANSWER: Karl Rove
6. Garo Yepremian [ya-PREM-ee-un] won Super Bowl rings as the kicker for--what NFL
team, the only one ever to go undefeated for a whole season?

ANSWER: Miami or Dolphins

7. Pencils and paper ready! Put the equation 3x + 5y = 13 in slope-intercept form.

ANSWER: y = - (3/5) x + 13/5

8. What U.S. President is the subject of the play Sunrise at Campobello, which contains a
scene just after he contracts polio?

ANSWER: Franklin D. Roosevelt or FDR

9. Give the computer term for the process of fixing a computer program until it works.

ANSWER: debugging

10. Besides English, what language is formally recognized by the European Union as one
of its official languages in Ireland?

ANSWER: Gaelic

11. Poisoning from it may have made van Gogh, Handel and King George III sick or
insane. What chemical element can still cause poisoning in small children who eat old
paint chips?

ANSWER: lead

12. What artist created the popular ringtone "Ridin' Rims" ?

ANSWER: Dem Franchize Boyz

13. Pencils and paper ready! If a businessman buys a product for $10 each and re-sells it
at a 40% markup, how much does he charge per unit?

ANSWER: $14

14. It was the only country in Western Europe that did not get money from the Marshall
Plan after World War II. Name this nation, sympathetic to the Axis during the War while
led by Generalissimo Francisco Franco.

ANSWER: Spain
15. His poems The House of Fame and The Book of the Duchess earned him a spot as the
first writer buried in Westminster Abbey’s "Poets’ Corner." Name this author most
famous for his Canterbury Tales.

ANSWER: Geoffrey Chaucer

Second period, 10 directed questions per team, 10 points each

Questions with an “A” after their number are read to the team that selects set A.
Questions with a “B” after their number are read to the team that selects set B.

1A. What British chemist developed the idea that the pressure of a gas mixture is equal to
the sum of their partial pressures?

ANSWER: John Dalton

1B. What coach got into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2006, as much for his media
fame as for his Super Bowl win coaching the Oakland Raiders?

ANSWER: John Madden

2A. Its officials have removed the monorail built for the 1962 World's Fair there. Name
this U.S. city where the monorail had stretched from downtown to its famed Space
Needle.

ANSWER: Seattle, Washington

2B. What ancient city was visited by the Biblical prophet Jonah while it was serving as
capital of the Assyrian Empire?

ANSWER: Nineveh [NIN-a-va]

3A. What three-letter word is "a container that can either hold 100 pounds of nails or 30
gallons of beer"?

ANSWER: keg

3B. In the play Come Back Little Sheba, what kind of animal is Sheba?

ANSWER: dog or puppy

4A. Name the writer of the best-selling series of business books about his Rich Dad and
his Poor Dad.

ANSWER: Robert Kiyosaki [kee-o-SOCK-ee]

4B. Typhoid Mary was born in--what year, the same year that the Golden Spike
completed the transcontinental railroad?

ANSWER: 1869
5A. What popular TV game show's Spanish-language version used to be called "100
Mexicans Said…" ?

ANSWER: Family Feud

5B. What major religion marks the year 2006 as the 1,384th year since the pilgrimage of
the prophet Mohammed?

ANSWER: Islam or Muslim

6A. He was set adrift by his men in 1611 while searching Canada for the Northwest
Passage. What explorer is the namesake of the bay just north of the province of Ontario?

ANSWER: Henry Hudson

6B. Its upper part, the unguis [UN-gwiss], surrounds the end of the toe and forms a rim,
while the lower part covers the bottom of the toe. Give the term for this hard covering
made of keratin [CARE-a-tin] that helps horses walk on hard ground.

ANSWER: hoof

7A. The chemical elements antimony, germanium, arsenic, and boron are known by--
what collective term to show that they have properties of both metals and non-metals?

ANSWER: metalloids

7B. Antidepressants like Prozac and Zoloft try to improve the effectiveness of—what
hormone in your body that helps you feel happy?
ANSWER: serotonin

8A. Multiplying two algebraic expressions together, like (x + 4) and (2x + 5), requires a
process taught by many teachers as FOIL. What do the letters FOIL stand for?

ANSWER: first, outer (or out or outside), inner (or in or inside), last

8B. Which planet's small moon "Enceledus" [en-SELL-a-duss] has been shown, through
2006 surveillance by the spacecraft Cassini, to be the source of its E ring?

ANSWER: Saturn

9A. Traditional computer logic has values of 0 or 1. What type of logic allows any value
between 0 and 1?

ANSWER: fuzzy logic

9B. In a plant, what biological organelle performs photosynthesis?

ANSWER: chloroplast

10A. What Broadway musical, based on an Edna Ferber novel, gave us the classic songs,
"Can't Help Lovin' That Man" and "Old Man River" ?

ANSWER: Show Boat

10B. The recent Tom Clancy novel The Teeth of the Tiger features the son of--what
Clancy character who is now President of the United States?

ANSWER: Jack Ryan

Third period, 15 toss-ups, 10 points each

1. If you catch a Group A strep infection, you may also end up with--what disease that
causes swollen glands in your neck and its namesake skin rash?

ANSWER: scarlet fever

2. A rotisserie [RO-tiss-a-ree] is an appliance that rotates meat on a spit. Spell the word
"rotisserie."

ANSWER: R-O-T-I-S-S-E-R-I-E

3. In Olympic boxing, name the weight category whose participants weigh more than 200
pounds.

ANSWER: super heavyweight (both words needed--not "heavyweight", which is "up to

200 pounds")

4. Pencils and paper ready! In scientific notation, calculate the value of (2 x 102) x
(4 x 10-4).

ANSWER: 8 x 10-2

5. What Canadian province's largest cities include Prince Albert and Regina?

ANSWER: Saskatchewan

6. The Biblical phrases "Let there be light", "Am I my brother's keeper?" and "The spirit
is willing, but the flesh is weak" are credited to the translation of the Bible done by--what
16th-century Englishman who was the first to translate the Bible from Hebrew and Greek
into English?

ANSWER: William Tyndale

7. Giving it to children with pneumonia helps them get better faster. Name this metallic
element that is now added to lozenges as a way to reduce symptoms of the common cold.

ANSWER: zinc

8. In 1949, Harry Truman's State of the Union address contained a 21-point program,
similar to FDR's "New Deal." What two-word title was given to this program?

ANSWER: "Fair Deal"

9. After he returned to his native Flanders, he created The Last Judgment and The
Descent from the Cross. What Baroque painter's name lends itself to an adjective for the
voluptuous women that often appeared in his paintings?

ANSWER: Peter Paul Rubens [accept "Rubenesque" but do not accept "Ruben"]

10. "The Long Road Home: One Step at a Time" is a recent book collection of--what
Garry Trudeau comic strip?

ANSWER: Doonesbury

11. The novelist Harry dies of gangrene while on safari at the end of--what short story,
considered by Ernest Hemingway to be his finest work ever and named for the tallest
mountain in Africa?

ANSWER: The Snows of Kilimanjaro

12. Name the method used to transfer information from the Earth's three-dimensional
curved surface onto a two-dimensional flat surface, like a piece of paper.

ANSWER: projection

13. Pencils and paper ready! If molybdenum [ma-LIB-da-num] weighs 96 grams per
mole, how many moles of molybdenum are in 432 grams?

ANSWER: 4.5 (or 4 1/2) moles

14. It was recognized by India in 1971, just 8 months after it seceded from Pakistan.
Name this Asian nation once known as East Pakistan whose National Museum is located
in its capital at Dhaka (da-KAH).

ANSWER: Bangladesh

15. Mercutio, Tybalt, Montague, and Capulet are all characters in--which Shakespeare
tragedy?

ANSWER: Romeo and Juliet

Spare questions (try to replace the question discarded with the spare question in the
same subject area – i.e. science for science, etc.) Be sure to mark off questions as they
are used.

1. David Sharp died trying to climb it in 2006—while dozens of other climbers passed by
him, fearing that helping Sharp would endanger their own climbs. Name this mountain
whose lack of Good Samaritans was even noted by Sir Edmund Hillary, the first man to
reach its summit.

ANSWER: Mount Everest

2. The University of Nebraska's School of Theatre and Film is now named for--what
Nebraska native who preceded Jay Leno as the host of The Tonight Show?

ANSWER: Johnny Carson

3. Its grist mill was first built in 1771 when the owners began growing wheat instead of
tobacco. Name this estate that contains the burial sites of Martha and George
Washington.

ANSWER: Mount Vernon

4. Pencils and paper ready! Find 20% of 364.

ANSWER: 72.8 or 72 4/5

5. Name the lobe in your brain's cerebrum [sa-REE-brum] that has the most effect on
your hearing.

ANSWER: temporal lobe

END OF MATCH 13
These questions are for use in the Virginia High School League’s
Scholastic Bowl competition at the Junior Varsity level for the 2006-
07 school year. Avery Enterprises of Johnstown, Colorado is the
author of these questions.

Districts must observe the following conditions, which must be

known by all coaches, competitors and spectators of the
competition:

(a) Release of these questions to any entity not affiliated with the competition or the
schools that are members of the given District, without prior approval of Shawn Pickrell,
is prohibited. This is meant to keep question security.
(b) The discussion or other reference to these questions with other entities in the
Commonwealth of Virginia that are associated in any way with Scholastic Bowl
competition is prohibited. This is also meant to keep question security.
(c) These questions may not be released AT ANY TIME to entities outside the
Commonwealth of Virginia, except with prior approval of Shawn Pickrell. Discussion of
these questions, however, is permitted between entities within and without the
Commonwealth of Virginia This will apply to ANY entity in the Commonwealth of
Virginia that receives these questions, be it directly from Shawn Pickrell or indirectly
through various means.

First period: 15 tossups, 10 points each

1. Complete the title of South African Alan Paton's [PAIT-un] novel Cry The Beloved
[blank].

ANSWER: Country

2. Attaching a jump drive to a laptop and immediately being able to use the jump drive is
one example of--what catchy term for a computer's ability to accept and automatically
configure a new device?

ANSWER: plug and play

3. Name the celebrity parents who had a baby together in 2006 and named her Suri.

ANSWER: Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes

4. "The state of having too much mucus in the lungs" and "the state of too much traffic
using the same method of transportation at the same time" can both be described by--
what word?

ANSWER: congestion
5. What city's tourist attractions, discussed in the recent book City of the Soul, include the
Castel Sant'Angelo and the Colosseum?

ANSWER: Rome, Italy

6. One of America's finest examples of 18th-century architecture is the plantation house

known as Drayton Hall, located in--what Southern city that saw the beginning of the
Civil War?

ANSWER: Charleston, SC

7. Your blood pressure has two numbers to it: the first one is "systolic" [sis-TAWL-ick]
and the second is --what?

ANSWER: diastolic [DY-a-stall-ick]

8. Give the two words that finish this quote by Ralph Waldo Emerson: "A foolish
consistency is the hobgoblin of [blank blank]."

ANSWER: little minds

9. Pencils and paper ready! How many yards per punt does a football player average who
punts the ball 8 times for 305 yards?

ANSWER: 38.125 (or 38 1/8) (305/8)

10. What chemical term describes "a solid substance that results from a chemical process,
such as distillation" ?

ANSWER: residue (not precipitate)

11. What country's 2006 World Cup soccer team was nicknamed the "Samba Boys" ?

ANSWER: Brazil

12. It was recently found to have two nuclei and may also have a black hole millions of
times the mass of our sun. Identify this galaxy where the first Cepheid variable was found
that is also Messier object 31 and the closest spiral galaxy to the Milky Way.

ANSWER: Andromeda Galaxy

13. In math, what is the most common meaning of an exclamation point?

ANSWER: factorial
14. What Venezuelan-born military man is called the “George Washington of South
America” because of his work in liberating Colombia, Peru, Venezuela, and the country
named for him?

ANSWER: Simon Bolivar (do not accept “Bolivia”; that’s not his name)

15. 2006 is the Year of the Dog in--what calendar system?

ANSWER: the Chinese calendar

Second period, 10 directed questions per team, 10 points each

Questions with an “A” after their number are read to the team that selects set A.
Questions with a “B” after their number are read to the team that selects set B.

1A. What outermost layer of tissue that covers your spinal cord and brain has a two-word
name that comes from the Latin for "hard mother" ?
ANSWER: dura mater [DURR-a MAW-ter]

1B. Give the correct spelling of the word "occurrence."

ANSWER: O-C-C-U-R-R-E-N-C-E

2A. An Italian archaeologist recently discovered the ruins of a palace built around 753
BC underneath the Forum in-what famed city?

ANSWER: Rome, Italy

2B. He "serves a dark and a vengeful god" and meets his end at the hands of Tobias, just
after he discovers that he has accidentally killed Lucy, the love of his life. Give the first
and last name of this mass murderer and Broadway title character whose ballad refers to
him as "the demon barber of Fleet Street."

ANSWER: Sweeney Todd

3A. Who became the President of France's Fifth Republic after serving as leader of the
French Resistance during World War II?

ANSWER: Charles de Gaulle

3B. Pencils and paper ready! Give the two solutions to the quadratic equation
x2 + 6x - 55 = 0.

ANSWER: 5 and -11

4A. Name the animal whose travels around America with John Steinbeck were told in a
1962 Steinbeck story.

ANSWER: Travels With Charley

4B. What Eastern state honors the Revolutionary-War spy Nathan Hale as its official
State Hero?

ANSWER: Connecticut
5A. The multi-billion-dollar decade-long project that moved Interstate 93 underground
through downtown Boston, Massachusetts is known by--what two-word rhyming phrase?

ANSWER: the Big Dig

5B. When carbon dioxide is at about -67° C and about 5 atmospheres of pressure, its
solid, liquid and gaseous forms all coexist. What term represents this situation?

ANSWER: it is the triple point of carbon dioxide

6A. Give the two-word phrase, recently added to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, that
describes large warehouse stores like WalMart and Costco.

ANSWER: big box

6B. Pencils and paper ready! What percentage of 45 is 72?

ANSWER: 160% (not 60%)

7A. Pencils and paper ready! If a standard analog clock reads 1:15, calculate the angle (in
degrees) between the locations of the hour hand and the minute hand.

ANSWER: 52.5º (minute hand at 90º, hour hand at 37.5º [25% of distance between 1 and
2])

7B. Mariska Hargitay won a 2006 Primetime Emmy Award for her role as Detective
Olivia Benson in—what TV series?

ANSWER: Law and Order: Special Victims Unit (or Law and Order, SVU)

8A. In the 1970's, America and the Soviet Union negotiated an Anti-Ballistic Missile
treaty as part of a series of SALT negotiations. What 4-word phrase was abbreviated by
the acronym SALT?

ANSWER: Strategic Arms Limitation Talks

8B. Like France, it considers itself to have had five Republics and is currently in its fifth.
Name this Asian nation that, unlike France, has had Presidents named Fidel Ramos,
Corazon Aquino [a-KEE-no], Gloria Arroyo and Ferdinand Marcos.

ANSWER: the Philippines

9A. Which Amendment to the U.S. Constitution created the so-called "establishment
clause"?

ANSWER: First
9B. What is the legal term for being found "not guilty" by a jury?

ANSWER: acquitted or acquittal

10A. Name the 19th-century author of the scientific text On Natural Selection.

ANSWER: Charles Darwin

10B. "The thousand injuries of Fortunato [for-choo-NAW-toe] I had borne as I best

could, but when he ventured upon insult, I vowed revenge." Name the classic Poe short
story that begins with this sentence.

ANSWER: The Cask of Amontillado [a-mon-tee-AW-do]

Third period, 15 toss-ups, 10 points each

1. What word that starts with the letter B is used by hospital patients who must urinate
but can't walk to the bathroom?

ANSWER: bedpan

2. Pencils and paper ready! What is the greatest common factor of 105 and 165?

ANSWER: 15

3. What American playwright won the 2006 Mark Twain Prize for American Humor for
his works like Barefoot in the Park and The Odd Couple?

ANSWER: (Marvin) Neil Simon

4. What kind of animal was the Nemean [na-MEE-un] animal fought by Hercules?

ANSWER: lion

5. Give the term for rain that freezes into pellets while it's falling to the ground.

ANSWER: sleet

6. An aerosol is one type of it that involve gases, while a gel is another type that involves
liquid. What is this substance, made up of small particles evenly dispersed within
another material and in the intermediate state between a suspension and a solution?

ANSWER: colloid

7. Erwin Martin is a quiet unassuming man who decides one day to murder one of the
women he works with because he is sick and tired of her. This is the plot of--what James
Thurber short story?

ANSWER: The Catbird Seat

8. Egypt recently asked UNESCO for help in getting it back from the British Museum.
Name this artifact, found in 1799, that contains writing in ancient Greek and two other
languages.

ANSWER: the Rosetta Stone

9. What black quarterback, elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2006, won several
championships in the Canadian Football League before playing for the NFL's Houston
Oilers?

ANSWER: Warren Moon

10. The House of Representatives reduced it from its original 17 parts down to 12—but
then didn't pass the parts about Congressional pay or the size of the House. Name this
historical document that became law in 1789 as a set of 10 Amendments to the U.S.
Constitution.

ANSWER: Bill of Rights

11. Who wrote the plays (not the operas) The Barber of Seville and The Marriage of
Figaro ?

ANSWER: Pierre Beaumarchais [BO-mar-shay]

12. The Idaho town of Coeur d'Alene [KORE-da-lain] lies just across the border from--
what Washington city that contains Gonzaga [gon-ZAG-a] University?

ANSWER: Spokane

13. You would have known he died in 2006 just by seeing the word "Crikey!" in his
obituary. Name this late Australian "Crocodile Hunter."

ANSWER: Steve Irwin

14. Pencils and paper ready! Mike was 25 years old when his son Steve was born. Give
both of their ages now if the sum of their ages is 85.

ANSWER: Mike is 55, Steve is 30

15. His creators Siegel and Schuster got a job with DC Comics in the 1930's, which made
them sign away all rights to the vast fortune developed from his stories. Name this action
hero that has added such terms to American culture as "Smallville", "Lex Luthor", and
"kryptonite."

ANSWER: Superman
Spare questions (try to replace the question discarded with the spare question in the
same subject area – i.e. science for science, etc.) Be sure to mark off questions as they
are used.

1. Give the English translation of the German word "Loeffel" [LERF-ul].

ANSWER: spoon

2. What term is used to describe magma that comes from a volcano and reaches the
surface of the earth?

ANSWER: lava

3. She won Olympic gold medals in track and field, as well as tournaments on the LPGA
golf tour that she helped start. Identify this woman named the best female athlete of the
first half of the 20th century.

ANSWER: Babe Didrikson Zaharias [DID-rick-sun za-HAIR-ee-us]

4. What part of your body contains the nasalis [NAY-zull-us] muscle?

ANSWER: nose

5. The NFL hired Roger Goodell as its new commissioner in 2006 after 17 years under—
what previous commissioner?

ANSWER: Paul Tagliabue [TAG-lee-a-boo]

END OF MATCH 14
These questions are for use in the Virginia High School League’s
Scholastic Bowl competition at the Junior Varsity level for the 2006-
07 school year. Avery Enterprises of Johnstown, Colorado is the
author of these questions.

Districts must observe the following conditions, which must be

known by all coaches, competitors and spectators of the
competition:

(a) Release of these questions to any entity not affiliated with the competition or the
schools that are members of the given District, without prior approval of Shawn Pickrell,
is prohibited. This is meant to keep question security.
(b) The discussion or other reference to these questions with other entities in the
Commonwealth of Virginia that are associated in any way with Scholastic Bowl
competition is prohibited. This is also meant to keep question security.
(c) These questions may not be released AT ANY TIME to entities outside the
Commonwealth of Virginia, except with prior approval of Shawn Pickrell. Discussion of
these questions, however, is permitted between entities within and without the
Commonwealth of Virginia This will apply to ANY entity in the Commonwealth of
Virginia that receives these questions, be it directly from Shawn Pickrell or indirectly
through various means.

First period: 15 tossups, 10 points each

1. His term as President saw the Pendleton Act passed to reform the nation's civil service.
Name this man who became Chief Executive only because his predecessor James
Garfield was assassinated.

ANSWER: Chester A. Arthur

2. Give the Spanish term for the large grass-covered plains of Argentina.

ANSWER: pampa(s)

3. In what 2006 TV series does Ted Danson play a psychiatrist with his own problems?

ANSWER: Help Me Help You

4. Pencils and paper ready! A number divided by two is 5 greater than that number
divided by 3. Calculate the number.

ANSWER: 30 (x/2 = x/3 + 5)

5. She died in 1862, a year after her waving of a flag became immortalized in a poem.
Give the first and last name of this John Greenleaf Whittier title character who said,
"Shoot, if you must, this old gray head, But spare your country's flag!"

ANSWER: Barbara Frietchie

6. Give the 2-word term for accessing a computer remotely by avoiding authentication.

ANSWER: back door

7. The 1855 Siege of Sevastopol [sa-VAST-a-pole] was one of the big campaigns in--
what war where Turkey, Britain and France opposed Russia?

ANSWER: Crimean War

8. What sports arena hosts the annual semifinals and finals of college basketball's N.I.T. ?

ANSWER: Madison Square Garden

9. After blood gets fresh oxygen, it flows from your lungs into--which chamber of your
heart?

ANSWER: left atrium (both words needed; prompt on "atrium", but not on "ventricle."

10. It is clear below a pH of 8 and red above a pH of 9.6. Identify this chemical indicator
used in titrating weak acids against strong bases.

ANSWER: phenolphthalein [fee-null-THAY-leen]

11. The spot on Chicago's State Street that was home to the legendary Chicago
department store Marshall Field now belongs to—what major chain that, like
Bloomingdale's, is owned by Federated Department Stores?

ANSWER: Macy's

12. In Homer's Iliad, what god of earthquakes fights for the Greeks against the Trojans?

ANSWER: Poseidon

13. Pencils and paper ready! Give the first positive integer that fits both of these criteria:
a multiple of 8, and a two-digit number whose first digit is odd.

ANSWER: 16
14. The word "mendicant" [MEN-da-kunt] is another word for "beggar." Spell the word
"mendicant."

ANSWER: M-E-N-D-I-C-A-N-T

15. When myosin [MY-a-sin] molecules can't get any ATP, they become fixed and cause
muscles to contract and stiffen. Give the two-word term for the muscle contraction and
stiffening that occurs after death.

ANSWER: rigor mortis

Second period, 10 directed questions per team, 10 points each

Questions with an “A” after their number are read to the team that selects set A.
Questions with a “B” after their number are read to the team that selects set B.

1A. What Civil War battle is usually considered Robert E. Lee's greatest victory even
though it cost him the life of Stonewall Jackson?

ANSWER: Battle of Chancellorsville

1B. Scientists found one of them in the constellation Aquarius in 2005. Give this term for
a planet that orbits something other than our Sun.

ANSWER: extrasolar planet or exoplanet

2A. What Georgia architectural site, similar to Mount Rushmore, displays Jefferson
Davis as one of three Confederate leaders?

ANSWER: Stone Mountain

2B. Pencils and paper ready! 32 is—what percentage of 256?

ANSWER: 12.5% (not 1/8, as question says "percentage")

3A. Its triangular shapes were made by the reed as it was imprinted into the clay. Give
the term for this type of writing used in ancient Sumeria.

ANSWER: cuneiform

3B. In Willa Cather's novel My Antonia, what male character's memories of Antonia
make up the story?

ANSWER: Jim Burden (accept either)

4A. Give the most common English translation of the French verb "avoir" [av-wah].

ANSWER: to have

4B. In math, give the term for a triangle with three sides of different lengths.

ANSWER: scalene [SCAY-leen]

5A. It is wetter than a desert but drier than a forest. Name this biome of the western
United States that contains thick, thorny shrubs accustomed to dry summers and wet
winters.

ANSWER: chaparral [shap-a-RAL]

5B. When the top of Mount Mazama [ma-ZOMM-a] blew off, it created --what lake in
Oregon's Cascade Mountains?

ANSWER: Crater Lake

6A. Andy Williams, John Davidson, Jimmy Osmond, and the Sons of the Pioneers are
just some of the musical acts that commonly play in --what Missouri city?

ANSWER: Branson, Missouri

6B. Name the boy who was returned to his native Cuba in 2000 after spending nearly a
year in the United States while the courts decided whether he could stay in Miami with
his great-uncle Lazaro.

ANSWER: Elian Gonzalez

7A. Pencils and paper ready! The variable y varies inversely with the cube of x. If y is 3
when x is 6, find y when x is 2.

ANSWER: 81 (y = K/x3, so 3 = K/216 and K = 648, so y = 648/8)

7B. Name the current Supreme Court Justice that is now the only woman on the Court.

ANSWER: Ruth Bader Ginsberg

8A. What American author's 2006 novel Terrorist has nothing to do with his (so far)
more famous series about the life of Harry "Rabbit" Angstrom?

ANSWER: John Updike

8B. Al-Jazeera often features lengthy coverage of this politician who has claimed the
Holocaust didn't happen. Name this President of Iran.

ANSWER: Mahmoud Ahmadinejad [aw-ma-DIN-a-jod]

9A. More than a dozen species of them on the Galapagos Islands were named for Charles
Darwin in the mid-20th century. Name this type of bird whose main difference between
species is the size and shape of the beak.

ANSWER: Darwin’s finches

9B. His father was to be the first European to sail to India--but died before the voyage
began. Name this Portuguese explorer who began his own journey to India in 1498.

ANSWER: Vasco da Gama

10A. Give the 2-word Latin term for the bridge of tissue that connects the two
hemispheres of your brain.

ANSWER: corpus callosum [ka-LOW-sum]

10B. The 2006 Tony Award-winning play Jersey Boys highlighted the career of 1960's
pop singer Frankie Valli and his group, known as the Four—what?

ANSWER: The Four Seasons

Third period, 15 toss-ups, 10 points each

1. On TV, Geraldine McEwan now plays this character once played by Helen Hayes.
Name this Agatha Christie spinster who lives in St. Mary Mead.

ANSWER: Miss Jane Marple

2. The bones of its founder Bartholomew Gosnold were located near the site of its old
fort. Name this colony begun four months before Gosnold's death in 1607.

ANSWER: Jamestown

3. Unlike a regular Mass, it omits the Gloria and the Credo but adds the Dies Irae [DEE-
us EE-ray], or "Day of Wrath" hymn. Give the term for this musical "mass for the dead".

ANSWER: requiem

4. This subject of the 2006 book Impresario once wrote a regular newspaper column
about Broadway and then began hosting his own TV series, originally called "Toast of
the Town." Identify this legendary CBS personality and namesake of the theater where
David Letterman now does his show.

ANSWER: Ed Sullivan

5. Over half of its world supply is mined each year in Canada and Australia. The U.S.
supply of it provided mining jobs for many Navajo Indians until they began to develop
cancer from exposure to radioactive material. Identify this chemical element, 99% of
which is the isotope with atomic weight 238.

ANSWER: uranium

6. For Dallas to join college football's BCS, the city would have to replace it with a new
domed version by the same name. Identify this stadium whose annual New Year's Day
football game features teams from the Big 12 and Southeastern Conferences.

ANSWER: Cotton Bowl

7. Pencils and paper ready! How much is 32 to the three-fifths power?

ANSWER: 8

8. Name the man who took Jesus Christ's body from the cross and laid it in a new
sepulchre.

ANSWER: Joseph of Arimathea [air-a-muth-EE-a]

9. His 17 years as a Princeton economics professor was probably of less value than his
three years on the Board of the group he now leads. Identify this most powerful
economist in America who is still learning how to say very little with a lot of words, a
technique mastered by his predecessor, Alan Greenspan.

ANSWER: Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke [bur-NAN-kee]

10. Scientists recently went back to the future when they re-developed a deadly virus that
killed more than 50 million people worldwide the last time it was seen. Name this
specific type of deadly influenza virus.

ANSWER: the Spanish flu

11. The phrase "Every Good Boy Does Fine" to help you remember written musical
notation is one example of--what generic term for a memory aid?

ANSWER: mnemonic [na-MONN-ick]

12. Pencils and paper ready! Calculate, in terms of π, the surface area of a cylinder with a
height of 9 inches and a radius of 4 inches.

ANSWER: 104 π square inches (2π x 16 + [2π x 36])

13. Between 323 B.C. and 30 B.C., Egypt was ruled by 14 kings who all shared--what
name?

ANSWER: Ptolemy [TOE-la-may]

14. The recent best-selling book about globalization called The World is Flat was written
by--what New York Times reporter and columnist?

ANSWER: Thomas Friedman

15. Give the term for a mollusk that has two shells hinged together, such as the oyster, the
clam, or the mussel.

ANSWER: bivalve
Spare questions (try to replace the question discarded with the spare question in the
same subject area – i.e. science for science, etc.) Be sure to mark off questions as they
are used.

1. What part of the body is affected by the auditory nerve?

ANSWER: ear

2. The line "How do I love thee? Let me count the ways" comes from--what set of 44
poems by Elizabeth Barrett Browning?

ANSWER: Sonnets from the Portuguese

3. In chemistry, what constant is represented by the symbol Ksp (k sub s p)?

ANSWER: the solubility product constant

4. Name the Russian composer of Sleeping Beauty, Swan Lake and the Nutcracker.

ANSWER: P.I. Tchaikovsky

5. When each state has listed its electoral votes and sent them to Washington, D.C, which
legislator is authorized by law to open each state's list and count all the votes?

ANSWER: the President of the Senate (accept Vice-President of the U.S.)

END OF MATCH 15
These questions are for use in the Virginia High School League’s
Scholastic Bowl competition at the Junior Varsity level for the 2006-
07 school year. Avery Enterprises of Johnstown, Colorado is the
author of these questions.

Districts must observe the following conditions, which must be

known by all coaches, competitors and spectators of the
competition:

(a) Release of these questions to any entity not affiliated with the competition or the
schools that are members of the given District, without prior approval of Shawn Pickrell,
is prohibited. This is meant to keep question security.
(b) The discussion or other reference to these questions with other entities in the
Commonwealth of Virginia that are associated in any way with Scholastic Bowl
competition is prohibited. This is also meant to keep question security.
(c) These questions may not be released AT ANY TIME to entities outside the
Commonwealth of Virginia, except with prior approval of Shawn Pickrell. Discussion of
these questions, however, is permitted between entities within and without the
Commonwealth of Virginia This will apply to ANY entity in the Commonwealth of
Virginia that receives these questions, be it directly from Shawn Pickrell or indirectly
through various means.

First period: 15 tossups, 10 points each

1. They have twice as much energy as carbohydrates and are broken down whenever the
body needs fatty acids. Name this class of lipids [LIP-udz] whose elevated level in the
body increases risk of heart attack or stroke.

ANSWER: triglycerides

2. Pencils and paper ready! How much is 6 factorial minus 5 factorial ?

ANSWER: 600 (720 - 120)

3. In Norse mythology, who is the goddess of fertility and war?

ANSWER: Freya

4. What O. Henry story tells of two men who kidnap a boy and then really wish they
hadn't?

ANSWER: The Ransom of Red Chief

5. In a chemistry lab, what type of flask has a straight cylindrical top and a spherical
bottom?
ANSWER: Florence flask
6. The three principal U.S. Virgin Islands, St. Thomas, St. Croix [CROY] and St. John,
were purchased in 1917 from—what European country?

ANSWER: Denmark

7. Give the two-word Latin phrase that describes public remarks made without advance
preparation.

ANSWER: ad libitum

8. In tennis, what kind of shot is designed to go high over your opponent's head while
your opponent is at the net?

ANSWER: lob

9. Give the term for illegally cracking into a telephone or cellphone network.

ANSWER: phreaking

10. Chichen Itza [chee-CHEN eet-ZAH] was one of the main cities of-- what ancient
Central American civilization?

ANSWER: Mayan

11. Give the two-word phrase for a teenage girl who overreacts about everything.

ANSWER: drama queen

12. What TV detective was long played by crosseyed, trenchcoat-wearing Peter Falk?

ANSWER: Lt. Columbo

13. The triangle, the sleigh bells, the marimba, the chimes, the castanets and the
tambourine all fall into--what category of musical instruments?

ANSWER: percussion (prompt on "musical instruments")

14. Near the end, its title character calls life "a tale told by an idiot, full of sound and
fury, signifying nothing." Identify this Shakespeare play.

ANSWER: Macbeth

15. What disease causes your parotid [pa-ROT-ud] gland, the largest salivary gland in
your body, to swell up?

ANSWER: mumps
Second period, 10 directed questions per team, 10 points each

Questions with an “A” after their number are read to the team that selects set A.
Questions with a “B” after their number are read to the team that selects set B.

1A. In chemistry, what term that means "the heat content of a substance" is represented
by a capital H?

ANSWER: enthalpy

1B. Poitiers [pwah-tee-AIR] and Agincourt [ADGE-in-coar] were major battles of--what
medieval war between England and France?

ANSWER: Hundred Years War

2A. The major oil company Citgo sells oil in the U.S. that comes from—what South
American member of OPEC?

ANSWER: Venezuela

2B. Pencils and paper ready! Calculate the area of a square ABCD if its two long
diagonals are each 16 inches long.

ANSWER: 128 sq. in. (each side is 16/√2)

3A. Name the Utah teenager who, after disappearing for 9 months, was found in 2003
just a few miles from her house in the company of two homeless people.

ANSWER: Elizabeth Smart

3B. In men, they include chest hair and a deeper voice; in women, they include a higher
percentage of body fat. Give the collective name for this set of traits that help distinguish
between the sexes but are not directly involved in reproduction.

ANSWER: secondary sex traits

4A. The African countries of Somalia, Kenya and Tanzania are all bordered on the east
by--what ocean?

ANSWER: Indian Ocean

4B. Complete the William Faulkner title The [blank] and the Fury.

ANSWER: Sound
5A. Give the two words that complete the famous quote, "The only way to have a friend
is to [blank blank]."

ANSWER: be one

5B. Pencils and paper ready! Calculate the value of x if x to the three-halves power
equals 8.

ANSWER: 4

6A. His ransom was to be a large room filled with silver and gold, but when the room
was full, he was killed by the men of Francisco Pizarro. Name this leader of the Inca
empire.

ANSWER: Atahualpa [ott-a-WALL-pa]

6B. Name the fictional North Carolina town that was the setting for the 1960's TV series
The Andy Griffith Show.
ANSWER: Mayberry

7A. What plastic tool is used most often in math for measuring angles?

ANSWER: protractor

7B. What two-word French phrase expresses the idea that much is expected from
someone in a high position?

ANSWER: noblesse oblige [no-BLESS o-BLEEZH]

8A. Pencils and paper ready! Typical car speedometers measure speed to an accuracy of
plus or minus three percent. If a speedometer measures 60 miles per hour, give to one
decimal place (in miles per hour) the range of possible actual values of the speed.

ANSWER: 58.2 to 61.8 mph

8B. His most famous work was originally called The Poet and was supposed to represent
Dante. Name this famed sculptor of a pondering man.

ANSWER: Auguste Rodin (not The Thinker, which is the sculpture)

9A. Which medal is annually given by the Association for Library Service to Children for
“the most distinguished contribution to American literature for children” ?

ANSWER: John Newbery Medal

9B. Igneous rocks like basalt and pumice [PUM-uss] may also be described by this term
because of the many small cracks and holes they contain. Give this adjective that, in
geology, describes a rock that allows materials like water and oil to pass through it.

ANSWER: porous [POAR-us]

10A. In September 2006, the zoo in Atlanta, Georgia saw the birth of a baby one. Name
this animal, typically described by the adjective "giant", who eats lots of bamboo.

ANSWER: panda bear

10B. Name the British military officer who, in the early 1700's, suggested establishing an
American colony between Carolina and Florida.

ANSWER: James Oglethorpe (the founder of Georgia)

Third period, 15 toss-ups, 10 points each

1. One of the "gang of 14" U.S. Senators that agreed during the most recent Congress to
prevent Senate filibustering of many federal judges was Ken Salazar, who represents--
what Western state?

ANSWER: Colorado

2. Which novel by Hermann Hesse was written after Hesse's extended time in India?

ANSWER: Siddhartha

3. Name the coach who took over the New York Red Bulls soccer team in 2006, less than
2 weeks after leaving his job as coach of America's World Cup team.

ANSWER: Bruce Arena

4. Pencils and paper ready! In standard scientific notation, calculate the value of 175,000
divided by 0.05.

ANSWER: 3.5 x 106 (do not accept equivalent answers, as question says "standard"
notation)

5. First explored in 1741 by Vitus Bering, they include the Fox Islands and the Islands of
the Four Mountains. Name this chain of islands off the coast of Alaska.

ANSWER: Aleutian [a-LOO-shun] Islands

6. What baseball great runs the 755 Restaurant Corporation, named for his number of
career home runs?

ANSWER: Henry "Hank" Aaron

7. Once called "panchromium", meaning "all colors", it changes color from yellow in its
+5 state to blue in its +4 state. Name this metallic element, mostly used today as a steel
additive.

ANSWER: vanadium

8. Beyond the Horizon, Anna Christie, Strange Interlude and Long Day's Journey Into
Night were all written by—what 20th-century American playwright?

ANSWER: Eugene O'Neill

9. Four of its top pro soccer teams recently received serious penalties for their leaders'
part in a match-fixing scandal. Name this country that won the World Cup in 2006.

ANSWER: Italy

10. Joseph Rainey, the first black to be elected to the U.S. House of Representatives,
spent most of the 1870's in the House representing--what Southern state whose current
U.S. Senators, Jim DeMint and Lindsey Graham, are not quite as famous as its past
Senator, John C. Calhoun?

ANSWER: South Carolina

11. In mythology, what daughter of a river god was chased by Apollo until she turned
into a laurel tree?

ANSWER: Daphne

12. In 2006, he received more than $200 million of stock in Sirius satellite radio as a
reward for helping Sirius gain thousands of new subscribers. Name this shock jock,
formerly heard on free radio, who now has his own show on Sirius.

ANSWER: Howard Stern

13. Pencils and paper ready! The size S in kilobytes of a compressed video is estimated
by the formula S = 3HWT/3,500, where H and W are the height and width of the video
in pixels and T is the number of seconds the video lasts. Calculate the approximate size
of a compressed video 17.5 seconds long that measures 500 pixels by 400 pixels.

ANSWER: 3,000 kilobytes (or 3 megabytes)

14. After it was over, the British (who lost no ships at all) saved many of their French and
Spanish counterparts (who lost 22 ships in all). Name this famous sea battle whose 200th
anniversary was marked in 2005.

ANSWER: Battle of Trafalgar

15. Its ovules are enclosed in an ovary cavity. With their seeds enclosed and protected in
the pericarp, its organisms are either monocots or dicots. Give the common name for this
division of Kingdom Plantae [PLAN-tay] that encompasses the flowering plants.

ANSWER: angiosperms
Spare questions (try to replace the question discarded with the spare question in the
same subject area – i.e. science for science, etc.) Be sure to mark off questions as they
are used.

1. After Robert Kennedy was assassinated in 1968, the Democrats’ Presidential

nomination went to—what incumbent Vice-President and former Minnesota Senator who
lost to Richard Nixon?

ANSWER: Hubert H. Humphrey

2. In a symphony orchestra, what instrument is usually played by the concertmaster?

ANSWER: violin

3. What animal describes a stock market or economy headed in a downward spiral?

ANSWER: bear

4. Give the 7-letter word used for the line segment between the midpoint of the side of a
hexagon and the center of the hexagon.

ANSWER: apothem [AP-uth-um]

5. A "bivouac" [BIV-oo-ack] is another word for a temporary shelter. Spell the word
"bivouac."

ANSWER: B-I-V-O-U-A-C

END OF MATCH 16