Sound
Sound
EXPERIMENT
Aim
To verify the laws of reflection of sound.
Theory
Materials Required
Two highly polished metal tubes made up of stainless steel or aluminium of length 25
cm and diameter 2 cm, a drawing sheet, metal plate, a geometrical set, thumb pins,
drawing board/table, stopwatch, metal stand.
Procedure
Observation Table
Result
Precautions
VIVA VOCE
Question 1:
What produces sound?
Answer:
Vibration produces sound.
Question 2:
How do human beings produce sound?
Answer:
Due to the vibration of vocal cords.
Question 3:
Can sound travel through the vacuum?
Answer:
No.
Question 4:
What is the speed of sound in air?
Answer:
The speed of sound in air at 22° C temperature is 344 m/s.
Question 5:
What is reverberation?
Answer:
The repeated reflection of sound that results in the persistence of sound is called
reverberation.
Question 6:
How is the reverberation of sound reduced at home/auditorium?
Answer:
By using sound absorbing materials like curtains, draperies, ceiling with fibre boards
etc.
Question 7:
What is the audible range of sound for human beings?
Answer:
The audible range of sound is 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz.
Question 8:
Name two animals that can hear infrasonic sound.
Answer:
Rhinoceroses, whales, and elephants.
Question 9:
Give two examples of animals that can hear ultrasound.
Answer:
Rats and bats.
Question 1:
Can sound be visualised as a wave? Why?
Answer:
Yes, sound travels in a wave which causes disturbance in the medium particles, set
them in motion and wave travels.
Question 2:
Why sound waves are called mechanical waves?
Answer:
As sound waves set the particles of the medium in motion so they are called mechanical
waves.
Question 3:
What happens to the speed of sound if the medium is changed?
Answer:
Speed of sound depends on the media in which it is travelling. Speed of sound is higher
in solids, and lower in liquids and least in gases.
Question 4:
If the temperature of the medium is increased will that affect the speed of sound?
Answer:
Yes, the speed of sound increases if the temperature of the medium is increased.
Question 5:
Can you hear the reflected sound?
Answer:
Yes, to hear the reflection of sound (echo) the time interval between the original sound
and the reflected sound must be at least 0.1 second.
Question 6:
What is the minimum distance required for a person to hear the echo of his sound?
Answer:
The reflecting surface should be at the distance of 17.2 nr from the person who would
like to hear his echo distinctly.
Question 7:
How can you calculate the minimum distance for echo?
Answer:
distance = 34.4 m
This is the total distance, hence half of 34.4 m is 17.2 m.
Question 8:
There are two tubes, A is wide and B is narrow, which one is suitable for stethoscope?
Answer:
The narrow tube B is suitable for stethoscope as multiple reflection is more and sound
can be heard distinctly.
Question 9:
Give two examples where multiple reflection is used.
Answer:
In megaphones, curved ceilings or walls of the concert hall helps in creating multiple
reflections of sound.
Question 10:
What are infrasound and ultrasound?
Answer:
The sound with frequency less than 20 Hz are called infrasound waves. The sound with
frequency higher than 20 kHz are called ultrasound waves.
Question 11:
If the incident sound wave makes an angle of 35° with the reflecting surface, what is the
angle of reflection?
Answer:
The angle of reflection is 55°.
Question 1:
While performing this experiment why do we prefer to use pipes of larger length but of
smaller diameter?
Answer:
To avoid the diffraction of sound and make its flow unidirectional long tube is used. The
small diameter of the tube allows the selected sound wave to travel clearly.
Question 2:
How the experiment of reflection of sound is different from the experiment on laws of
reflection of light?
Answer:
For reflection of light we need to take a polished and smooth surface but not transparent
whereas for the reflection of sound the surface may not be polished and may be
transparent. For sound reflection we need to choose such materials which do not
absorb sound.
Question 3:
Which sheet will you choose as sound reflecting surface for this experiment:
Answer:
A smooth wooden board does not absorb the sound as a thermocole sheet does. Hence
the wooden board will be used.
Question 4:
Suppose the whole experimental set up of this experiment is submerged in water. What
changes do you expect in observations?
Answer:
Speed of sound is faster in water than in air. Hence the sound will travel faster and the
diffraction of sound is less.
Question 5:
Why do we require a low-amplitude sound source in this experiment?
Answer:
The low amplitude sound wave will travel with less energy and can be heard distinctly
on reflection. But if we take high amplitude sound source the sound reflection will not be
that distinct.
Question 6:
What alterations can be made in the pipes to make the reflected sound more distinct
and clear?
Answer:
The inside of the pipe can be made rough or fixed with the sound absorber to absorb all
unwanted sound.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQs)
Questions based on Procedural and Manipulative Skills
Question 1:
To study the reflection of sound you have to select two tubes made of material
(a) plastic
(b) metal
(c) cardboard
(d) any of these.
Question 2:
The most appropriate metal tubes one should choose for studying the reflection of
sound should have
(a) diameter 8 cm
(b) diameter 5 cm
(c) diameter 4 cm
(d) diameter 2 cm.
Question 3:
The minimum time gap required between the incident sound and the reflected sound to
be heard clearly is
(a) 0.1 s
(b) 1.0 s
(c) 0.2 s
(d) 2.0 s.
Question 4:
Sound wave sets the particles of medium into motion hence it is called
(a) longitudinal wave
(b) transverse wave
(c) mechanical wave
(d) none of these.
Question 5:
Sound waves causes compression and rarefactions, it is the characteristic of
(a) transverse wave
(b) longitudinal wave
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these.
Question 6:
The common property between sound wave and light wave is
(a) both need medium to travel.
(b) speed increases with increase in temperature
(c) both of them travel in similar wave pattern
(d) both of them has same laws of reflection.
Question 7:
For verifying the laws of reflection of sound, a student sets up his apparatus. The
experiment is more likely to get performed successfully if the screen is a
(a) rigid board
(b) wooden board with many holes in it
(c) foam padded board
(d) sheet of cloth.
Question 8:
A laboratory had the following apparatus available in it
Question 9:
The audible range of sound frequency by human being is
(a) 20Hz- 2000 Hz
(b) 20Hz- 200 Hz
(c) 20Hz- 20,000 Hz
(d) 20Hz- 200 kHz.
Question 10:
Echo can be heard distinctly only when the distance between the source of sound and
the reflecting surface is
(a) 11m
(b) 12 m
(c) 15 m
(d) 17.2 m.
Question 11:
For two sounds to be heard distinctly, the minimum time gap must be
(a) 1 second
(b) 0.1 second
(c) 10 second
(d) 1.1 second.
Question 12:
Sound waves travel fast in
(a) air
(b) vacuum
(c) water
(d) steel.
Question 13:
Sound waves cannot pass through
(a) air
(b) vacuum
(c) water
(d) metals
Question 14:
The speed of sound in air is
(a) 320 m/s
(b) 300 m/s
(c) 380 m/s
(d) 340 m/s.
Question 15:
If the air in the room is heated, the speed of sound will
(a) increase
(b) decrease
(c) remains the same
(d) sometimes increase & sometimes decrease.
Question 16:
The sound wave needs medium to travel, hence it is called
(a) transverse wave
(b) longitudinal wave
(c) mechanical wave
(d) none of the above.
Question 17:
To study the reflection of sound, the pipe should be
(a) hollow and metallic
(b) solid and plastic
(c) wider and wooden
(d) hollow and perforated.
Question 18:
To study the reflection of sound, the best reflecting
surface would be
(a) stone
(b) mirror
(c) soil
(d) air.
Question 19:
A short duration disturbance is called
(a) frequency
(b) pulse .
(c) amplitude
(d) note.
Question 20:
The character of wave which does not change with change in medium is
(a) frequency
(b) note
(c) amplitude
(d) pulse.
Question 21:
The animal that can hear infrasonic sound is
(a) rat
(b) bats
(c) elephants
(d) all of the above.
Question 22:
The animal that can hear ultrasonic sound is
(a) whales
(b) rats
(c) elephants
(d) rhinoceros.
Question 23:
For reflection of sound wave, we need
(a) A polished surface
(b) A concave surface painted blue
(c) A large size opaque reflecting surface
(d) a mud plate.
Question 24:
A laboratory had the following apparatus available in it:
(A) Two thin hollow wooden tubes.
(B) An intense & broad source of sound.
(C) An intense & pointed source of sound.
(D) A sharp pointed detector to detect the sound.
(E) A well polished metal sheet.
(F) A white painted thermocol sheet.
A student can do his experiment to verily the laws of reflection of sound successfully by
choosing the apparatus labelled as
(a) A, C, D, E
(b) A, C, E
(c) A, B, D, E
(d) A, C, D.
Question 25:
The diagram given shows the reflection of sound. The is 90°, hence the angle
of incidence is
(a) 90°
(b) 0°
(c) 45°
(d) 60°.
Question 26:
Which of the following is the correct experimental set-up for verification of laws of
reflection of sound?
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
Question 27:
Which of the following set-ups is best suited for verifying the laws of reflection of sound?
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D.
Question 28:
While doing an experiment on verifying the laws of reflection of sound, four students
measured the angle and as shown in the diagram. The correct measurement of
the angle of incidence and angle of reflection has been done by the student
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D.
Question 29:
If the angle of reflection of a sound wave makes an angle of 40° with the reflecting
surface, the angle of incidence would be
(a) 40°
(b) 45°
(c) 50°
(d) 35°.
Question 30:
If the angle of incidence of a sound wave makes an angle of 45° with the normal, the
angle of reflection is
(a) 30°
(b) 90°
(c) 45°
{d) 0°.
Question 31:
The minimum distance required to hear a distinct echo from the source of sound is
(a) 11m
(b) 71.2 m
(c) 17.2 m
(d) 21 m.
Question 32:
The sound wave strikes the reflecting surface perpendicularly, the angle of reflection is
(a) 90°
(b) 45°
(c) 0°
(d) 180°.
Question 33:
The physical quantity that will remain unchanged after reflection of a sound wave is
(a) velocit3
(b) wavelength
(c) frequency
(d) all of these.
Question 34:
A student while verifying the laws of reflection of sound measured the angle between
the incident sound wave and reflected sound wave as 110°. The angle of reflection is
(a) 110°
(b) 55°
(c) 27°
(d) none of these.
Question 35:
In the experiment for verification of laws of reflection of sound, sound is directed along
(a) axis of the tube.
(b) normal to the axis of the tube
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) neither (a) nor (b).
Question 36:
The relation between the velocity, wavelength and time period is
(a) =
(b) ν = λT
(c) =
(d) =
Question 37:
Reflection of sound obeys the law
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d) none of these
Question 38:
In the given experimental set-up the ticking sound of the clock was heard distinctly
through pipe Pr When the end ‘C’ of pipe P2 was lifted a little upwards, keeping the
other end on the table itself, it was found that sound is no longer heard clearly. This
shows that
Question 39:
When sound waves travel in a medium it transports
(a) velocity
(b) momentum
(c) energy
(d) mass and velocity.
Question 40:
The example of reflection of sound is seen in
(a) cinema halls
(b) megaphone
(c) ceiling walls of concert halls
(d) all of the above.
Question 41:
A student, while verifying the laws of reflection of sound, measured the angle between
the incident sound wave and reflected sound wave as 54°. The angle of reflection is
(a) 110°
(b) 55°
(c) 27°
(d) 45°.