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Operations Manual Part A Section 6 Crew Health Precautions

TABLE OF CONTENTS: CREW HEALTH PRECAUTIONS...........................................................................................3 6..1 THE RELEVANT REGULATIONS AND GUIDANCE TO CREW MEMBERS CONCERNING HEALTH................................................................................................3

6.1..1 Alcohol and other intoxicating liquor...................................................................3 6.1..2 Narcotics..............................................................................................................3 6.1..3 Drugs ..................................................................................................................3 6.1..4 Sleeping Tablets..................................................................................................3 6.1..5 Anti depressants..................................................................................................3 6.1..6 Pharmaceutical Preparations..............................................................................4 6.1..7 Immunization.......................................................................................................4 6.1..8 Deep Diving.........................................................................................................5 6.1..9 Blood Donation....................................................................................................5 6.1..10 Meal Precautionary...........................................................................................5 6.1..11 Sleep and Rest..................................................................................................6 6.1..12 Surgical Operation ............................................................................................6 6.1..13 Sick leaves, surgical operations and hospital treatment...................................6 6.1..14 Precautions against infectious diseases...........................................................6 6.1..15 Reporting of Accidents, Illness and Pregnancy................................................7
6..2 THE RELEVANT REGULATIONS AND GUIDANCE TO CREW MEMBERS CONCERNING DANGEROUS GOODS USED FOR SPECIALISED PURPOSES (PESTICIDES AND CHEMICALS, ETC.).......................................................................8

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6.
Ref:

CREW HEALTH PRECAUTIONS

6..1

THE RELEVANT REGULATIONS AND GUIDANCE TO CREW MEMBERS CONCERNING HEALTH

A crew member shall not perform duties on an aeroplane if he is in any doubt of being able to accomplish his assigned duties, or if he knows or suspects that he is suffering from fatigue, or feels unfit to the extent that the flight may be endangered.

6.1..1

Alcohol and other intoxicating liquor

A crew member should not: (a) consume alcohol 16 hours prior to his reporting time for flight duty or standby, (b) take over his flight duty period if the registered alcohol level in blood is in excess of 0.0 promille, (c) consume alcohol during the flight duty period, on standby or dressed in his uniform.

6.1..2

Narcotics

The use of any narcotics, such as cannabis, cocaine, morphine, their derivatives, or other addictive drugs, is strictly prohibited on or off duty. The use of any such narcotics during the employment with the company is reason for the immediate termination of the employment.

6.1..3

Drugs

Non prescription drugs may be used provided: they are used for their intended purpose only; any limitation as to the ability to control a vehicle or machinery is followed, and the company flight surgeon is consulted if there is any doubt as to the compatibility between drug and flight duty. Caution is advised with regard to common cold remedies due to their possible content of antihistamines.

6.1..4

Sleeping Tablets

Rest periods, particularly on long range missions, may not coincide with the normal day and night rhythm. In such cases sleeping tablets are permissible provided they have been prescribed by the company flight surgeon for this particular purpose. It is important, however, that the rest period is completely consumed to allow the effect of the tablets to wear off. If other sleeping tablets were consumed outside duty hours, a period of 24 hours after the actual intake of the tablets must be allowed prior to the next flight duty period.

6.1..5

Anti depressants

The use of any anti depressants is strictly prohibited on or off duty. Pilots taking any types of anti-depressants will not be considered for medical certification whilst using psychoactive medication.

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6.1..6

Pharmaceutical Preparations

Prescribed drugs such as prescribed drugs for the relief of high blood pressure can cause a change in the mechanism of blood circulation which could be disastrous when flying. If the blood pressure is such that drugs are needed the pilot must be temporarily grounded. Any treatment instituted should be discussed with an expert in Aviation Medicine before returning to flying. Following a local or general dental or other anesthetics a period of time should elapse before returning to flying. This period will vary depending on individual circumstances but will usually be at least 24 hours. The dentist or anesthetist should be asked about this. The more potent analgesics may have marked effects on performance. In any case the pain for which they are being taken indicates a condition which is a bar to flying. Many preparations are now marketed containing a combination of medicines. It is essential therefore that if there is any change in medication or dosage however slight, the effect should be observed by the pilot on the ground prior to flying. Although the above are the commonest medicines with adverse effects on pilot performance it must be noted that many other forms of medication, although not normally affecting pilot performance, may do so in individuals who are oversensitive to the particular preparation. You are therefore exhorted not to take any medicines before or during flight unless you are completely familiar with their effects on your own body. If you are in doubt at all ask a Doctor experienced in aviation medicine. Recent blood donation is incompatible with flying. The resulting disturbance to the circulation takes several weeks to return completely too normal and although effects are slight whilst at ground level, there are risks when flying during this period. It is recommended that pilots do not volunteer as blood donors whilst actively flying. If blood has been given an appropriate doctor should be consulted before returning to flying. If you are taking any medicine you should ask yourself the following three questions: Do I feel fit to fly? Do I really need to take medication at all? Have I given this particular medication a personal trial on the ground of at least 24 hours before flight to ensure that it will not have any adverse affects whatever on my ability to fly? Confirming the absence of adverse effect may well need expert advice and the assistance of Medical Officers and Authorized Medical Examiners should be sought if in doubt. If you are ill and need treatment do make sure the Doctor you consult knows you are a member of an aircrew and whether you have recently been abroad. If a prescription or non-prescription drug used to treat a medical condition is being taken by an employee, the employee has a personal responsibility to check with an Airmen Medical Examiner (AME) to ensure the drug will not cause harmful side effects that may affect work performance. Employees shall notify their supervisors if they are taking any medication that may affect work performance. Management shall make every effort to either grant sick leave or reassign the employee to less critical work assignments. Certain drugs in common use have a marked effect on the nervous system, which is temporarily detrimental to a flight crewmembers ability to perform assigned duties. Crewmembers should ask their Airmen Medical Examiner (AME) if any drug that has been prescribed or any non-prescription medicines being taken are in fact allowed. As a general rule, if a crewmember finds it necessary to take, or has been prescribed some form of medication, his fitness to fly must be suspect, and he shall seek aero-medical advice before commencing or continuing with flying duties. Crewmembers are authorized and expected to ground themselves when the possibility of any drug side effects exist. Report any such problems promptly to the FO Mgr.

6.1..7

Immunization

Immunization/vaccination is required or recommended for the purpose of traveling or entering many countries in accordance with the World Health Organization Regulations.

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In the case of possible travel or entry to epidemically risky areas, crew members should strictly stick to the existing Regulatory Procedure and also Company Requirements of kind. Vaccination should be timely organized, minimum 7-10 days prior to start, and should be kept control and in accordance with the consultation Medical specialists.

6.1..8

Deep Diving

Deep diving may lead to the enrichment of the blood with nitrogen. If the air pressure is further reduced, like in the pressure vessel of an aircraft, there is a risk that such nitrogen may manifest itself in gaseous form and block small blood vessels of the affected person, causing decompression disease which may incapacitate a crew member without warning. However, the nitrogen level normalizes in a relatively short time under sea level pressure conditions. Therefore, crew members engaging in deep diving, during their off time, shall allow a period of 24-72 hours of rest between actual diving activities and the start of the first flight duty period, depending of type of breathing equipment used, type of dive and type of decompression procedure. For exact value consult diving manuals appropriate for specific dive.

6.1..9

Blood Donation

Donating blood is a commendable service to the community. The loss of blood, however, reduces the ability of the human body to function under conditions of reduced air pressure until the lost blood is replenished by natural generation. This effect would be aggravated by a decompression of the cabin, the risk of which never can be totally discarded. A blood donor, therefore, must allow a period of minimum three day (72 hours) after the donation of blood before engaging in any flying activities.

6.1..10

Meal Precautionary

Everybody knows that the intake of heavy and fat meals induces sleepiness. Flight crews should avoid such meals prior to long and taxing flight. They should also consider that the capacity of toilets on board of company aircraft is limited at best and allow a sufficient period between a large meal and a flight duty period. Food poisoning can be incapacitating to anybody. Poisoned food is not necessarily spoiled in that it is smelly or such. It may also take from a few minutes to long hours until food poisoning becomes evident. It is, therefore, difficult if not impossible to recognize the sources of food poisoning or to protect oneself by easy and effective measures. For protection crew members should: eat at home, at a well known restaurant, or an otherwise trustworthy source prior to flight duty periods refrain from eating seafood enroute or during night stops in southern countries, particularly if it has to be transported over larger distances or if the place looks or smells the least suspicious. Raw fish of any kind must be excluded at all cost. eat different meals if suspicious food sources cannot be avoided. avoid any kind of raw salad or lettuce in warm climates. Even one leaf of lettuce in a sandwich can cause very serious difficulties. at no fruit that cannot be peeled. In order to eliminate, as far as possible, the risk of food poisoning, the Pilot-in-command and Co-pilot should take different meals. The meals should be easily digested, not generating fluctuation, fresh and of highest quality. Carbonated beverages are not recommended. During flight only food that has been obtained from professional catering service should be consumed. Hot meals should not be ordered unless an oven is available.

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6.1..11

Sleep and Rest

The basic responsibility of each crew members is report on duty well rested with sufficient night sleep. Sufficient rest means relaxing sleep, good health and specific life style as well as keeping of body fitness level. Rest is a time at which the body recovers from the stresses of work. Rest does not mean to lie down in a deck chair and do nothing. Resting can be sports, the pursuit of a hobby, or anything that effectively takes the mind off the chores of the day. However, it is the responsibility of the crew member to ascertain that the activities during the rest period are not in conflict with the purpose of rest as such and it should be noted, that a rest period includes the required sleep. Insufficient sleep can quickly erode the ability of a human to perform even basic routine functions reliably. Under the added influence of stress this ability may collapse completely and without warning. The effect of this on the safety of flight is evident. No clear cut rule can be set as to what exactly is sufficient sleep since personal requirements vary widely, with age and otherwise. As a rough guideline 6 hours of sleep per day may be considered the minimum for safe operation. Younger people usually require more sleep than "mature" persons. Young people, however, are more adaptable to varying requirements. A 25 year old pilot, for instance, would normally be able to serve two days with minimal sleep and make up for it with one night of twelve hours or more. A 55 year old would need much more than one long night to recover because he is no longer capable of sleeping more than eight hours a time. Every flight crew member should use his own best judgment as to how much sleep he actually needs and it is his own responsibility to set sufficient rest time aside for that. In actual operation the required rest periods should be ample to provide sufficient time for sleep. However, if it comes to reducing rest periods it may well be that one crew member has to decline on the grounds that he needs the full rest for his personal sleep requirements. It is for this reason that the pilot-in-command shall hear all crew members before making a decision on extending duty or reducing rest periods. It is recommended that a crew member has 8 hours night rest and 1-2 hours moderate physical activates during the day.

6.1..12

Surgical Operation

A crew member is required to inform FOMgr about any kind of surgical operation and, if required, present the health certificate proving his fitness for his flying tasks execution. It should be noted that: (a) (b) The application of local anesthesia prohibits the crew member to perform his flying duties for at least 24 hours, In the case that general anesthesia and spinal anesthesia applied during diagnostic procedures, a crew member is prohibited to fly for 48 hours.

6.1..13

Sick leaves, surgical operations and hospital treatment

Each crew member, a licence holder, shall inform FOMgr about his sick leaves, hospital treatment or surgical operation in order, that he could, upon his medical check, regain his status of active cockpit crew member, ready to execute his flying duties.

6.1..14

Precautions against infectious diseases

The following precautions against infectious diseases are in effect the pilot-in-command, or a person appointed by him, shall upon arrival of an airplane from abroad, via the first radio contact to a ATS unit inform :
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Sickness, which could be of an infectious nature Or other conditions that may be instrumental in spreading an infectious disease, has been observed on board. In such cases, the crew and passengers shall not leave the aerodrome until the medical Authority has given permission.

6.1..15
(a)

Reporting of Accidents, Illness and Pregnancy

According to JAR-FCL Holders of medical certificates shall not exercise the privileges of their licenses, related ratings or authorizations at any time when they are aware of any decrease in their medical fitness which might render them unable to safely exercise those privileges. It is the responsibility of each individual flight crew member to inform the FOMgr without delay, whenever they are or feel unfit to fly for any reason. When away from home base that report should be submitted to OCC and if applicable to the pilot-in-command. If known at the time of the report, the expected duration of unfitness should be included. Normally it is company policy not to require a medical certificate for the first three days of any illness. Such certificate is mandatory thereafter. (b) Mandatory Medical Advice

Company flight crew members shall, without undue delay, seek the advice of their Aeronautical Medical Expert (AME) when becoming aware of: (c) Hospital or clinic admission for more than 12 hours; or Surgical operation or invasive procedure; or The regular use of medication, or The need for regular use of correcting lenses. Mandatory Reports to the Authority

Personal Injury In case of any significant personal injury involving incapacity to function as a member of a flight crew the flight crew member shall, without delay: Inform the FOMgr, and Make a written report to the CAD. The medical certificate shall be deemed to be suspended upon the occurrence of such injury. For the suspension to be lifted it is up to the CAD: To require a medical examination determined by the CAD, or To exempt the crew member from such requirement. Pregnancy In case of becoming aware of a pregnancy the crew member shall, without delay: Inform the FOD, and Make a written report to the CAD. The medical certificate shall be deemed to be suspended upon the confirmation of the pregnancy. The crew member shall not engage in flight duty until such time when the CAD sees fit to lift the suspension of the medical certificate. Illness In case of any illness involving incapacity to function as a member of a flight crew the flight crew member shall make a written report to the CAD as soon as the period of 21 days has elapsed.
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The medical certificate shall be deemed to be suspended. For the suspension to be lifted it is up to the CAD: To require a medical examination determined by the CAD, or To exempt the crew member from such requirement.

6..2

THE RELEVANT REGULATIONS AND GUIDANCE TO CREW MEMBERS CONCERNING DANGEROUS GOODS USED FOR SPECIALISED PURPOSES (PESTICIDES AND CHEMICALS, ETC.)

Not applicable.

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