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Preamble

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What is a preamble

❑ Text that is written at the beginning of a document

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Preamble of the Indian Constitution

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We the people
“We the people of India...in our Constituent Assembly...
do hereby adopt, enact and give to ourselves this Constitution”,

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❑ the ‘sovereignty’ lies in the people, thatf or
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❑ that the Constitution has not been imposed on them by any external
authority, but is the creation of the Indians themselves.

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 “
C.J. Hidayatuallah
“Preamble resembles the Declaration ho
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Independence of the UnitedepStates erf
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of our constitution and lays down the pattern of
our political society which it states is Sovereign
Democratic, Republic. It contains a solemn
resolve which nothing but a revolution can after. .”

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Sovereign socialist secular democratic republic

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Sovereign socialist secular democratic republic

‘Sovereign’ denotes that India is subject to no external authority and that the state has power to
legislate on any subject in conformity with constitutional limitations.
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Sovereign socialist secular democratic republic

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Sovereign socialist secular democratic republic

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Sovereign socialist secular democratic republic

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Sovereign socialist secular democratic republic

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Sovereign socialist secular democratic republic

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sovereign socialist secular democratic republic
✓ Universal Adult Franchise
✓ Right to contest elections
✓ Right to hold public offices
✓ Right to form associations
✓ Right to criticize and oppose the polices of the government om
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✓ Freedom of expression and speech and to assemble peacefully tm
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✓ Right to information t@
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✓ It is on the basis of these rights, that the people participate in the processkthofeppolitics.
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✓ They elect their government. For all its acts, the government is responsible
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✓ The people can change their government through elections. The government
O enjoys limited powers

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Justice Social, economic and political

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past, as political democracy, roughly
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“Democracy has been spoken of chiefly
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by every person having a vote.eBut rfe

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starving and hungry. Political democracy, by
itself, is not enough except that it may be used to
obtain a gradually increasing measure of
economic democracy, equality and the spread of
good things of life to others and removal of gross
inequalities.”
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The Holy Trinity

LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and

worship;
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EQUALITY of status and of opportunity; pk
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FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and

the unity and integrity of the Nation;
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The Holy Trinity

LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and

worship;
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The Holy Trinity

EQUALITY of status and of opportunity;

and to promote among them all
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I. Equality of status i.e. natural equality of all persons as equal and free citizens of India enjoying
equality before law.
II. Equality of opportunity i.e. adequate opportunities for all to develop.

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The Holy Trinity

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The Holy Trinity
Rosa Parks (1913–2005) was an African–American woman. Tired from a long day at work she
refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man on 1 December 1955.

Her refusal that day started a huge agitation against the unequal ways il.c
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Americans were treated and which came to be known as thet@Civil ho Rights Movement. The Civil
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Rights Act of 1964 prohibited discrimination on the basis
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The Holy Trinity

FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and

the unity and integrity of the Nation;
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“But in the long run, it would be in the interest of all to forget that there is anything like majority or minority in this
country and that in India there is only one community…” Patel

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 “
“Political democracy cannot last unlessomthere lies
at the base of it social democracy. ho
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democracy mean? It means aerfeway ct@ of life which
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recognises liberty, equality for
p kthand fraternity which

are not to be treatedOn as separate items in a

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trinity. They form a union of trinity in the sense

that to divorce one from the other is to defeat
the very purpose of democracy. Liberty cannot
be divorced from equality, equality cannot be
divorced from liberty. Nor can liberty and equality
be divorced from fraternity.”
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 “
“Without equality, liberty would produce
supremacy of the few over the many. ho
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without liberty would kill individual rfe

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Without fraternity, liberty pk would produce the
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supremacy of the few O over the many. Without
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fraternity, liberty and equality could not become

a natural course of things. It would require a
constable to enforce them.”

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Amendment to the Preamble

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What functions does the Indian preamble perform
(1) It contains the enacting clause which brings the Constitution into force.
Informs about date of adoption

(2) It declares the rights and freedoms which the people of India intended to
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(3) It declares the nature of Indian state. the
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(4) Objectives of Indian constitution On

(4) It throws light on the source of the Constitution, viz. the People of India.

(5) Interpretation of the constitution

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Can the preamble be amended?

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Can the preamble be amended?
SIKRI, C.J., has observed in Kesavananda Bharati v. Union of India.

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“It seems to me that the Preamble to our pConstitution is of extreme importance
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and the Constitution should be read and
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grand and noble vision expressed in the Preamble.”

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Concept of separation of powers

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Organization of State in india
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 We the People of the United States, in Order to form a
more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic
Tranquility, provideafor om
il.c the common defense, promote
the general Welfare, tm and secure the Blessings of
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Liberty toerourselves
fec and our Posterity, do ordain and
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establish th this Constitution for the United States of
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1. Which one of the following objectives is NOT embodied in
the Preamble to the Constitution of India?

(a) Liberty of thought

(b) Economic liberty t ma
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(d) Liberty of belief ly f
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2. The mind of the makers of the Constitution of India is
reflected in which of the following?

(a) The Preamble

(b) The Fundamental Rights tm
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(c) The Directive Principles of State pe
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(d) The Fundamental Duties nly for p k

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3. Which one of the following reflects the most appropriate
relationship between law and liberty?

(a) If there are more laws, there is less liberty.

(b) If there are no laws, there is no liberty. tm
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(c) If there is liberty, laws have to be pe
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(d) If laws are changed too often,
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Amendment procedure of the constitution of India .

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 2.
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Part I
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Union and its territory

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What does the term “union of states” mean?

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Demand for Smaller states

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 • Became Attorney General of
Madras with an 18 year-long
tenure
• Constituent Assembly in
1946 — much before
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Ambedkar’s a il.c induction.
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• In 1926 ho
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• In 1930, he was given the
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contributions to the country.
• In 1932, he was knighted.

Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar

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THANKS! ho
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Any questions?
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