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Computer Architecture

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9 views13 pages

Computer Architecture

Uploaded by

physcokoobra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Architecture

This presentation provides a comprehensive overview of computer


architecture, focusing on the integration of input, processing, memory,
storage, output, and communication hardware within operating
systems. Understanding these components is crucial for optimizing
system performance and functionality.
Introduction to Computer Architecture
Definition Importance

Computer architecture refers to the fundamental design • Performance Optimization


and organization of a computer system. It encompasses • Scalability and Upgradability
the arrangement of hardware components and their
• Power Efficiency
interplay with software.
• Compatibility and Standardization
• Security and Reliability
• Enhancing user experience
Components of Computer Architecture
Input Hardware

Processing and Memory Hardware

Storage Hardware

Output Hardware

Communication Hardware
Input Devices: The Gateway to
Information

Keyboard Mouse
A mainstay for text input, keyboards Used for pointing and selecting items on
allow users to enter characters, the screen, mice provide a user-friendly
numbers, and commands. interface for navigating and interacting
with computer applications.

Scanner Microphone
Scanners convert physical documents or Microphones capture sound and
images into digital format, making them transform it into digital audio signals for
readily accessible for storage and recording, communication, or other
processing. applications.
Processing and Memory: The
Brainpower of Computing
1 Central Processing Unit 2 Graphics Processing Unit
(CPU) (GPU)
The CPU is the computer's GPUs specialize in graphical
brain, executing instructions computations, accelerating
and performing calculations. gaming, video editing, and
simulations.

3 Random Access Memory 4 Cache


(RAM)
Cache is high-speed memory
RAM temporarily stores active storing frequently accessed
processes for fast data access. data for faster retrieval.
Storage Devices: Preserving Your Digital World
Hard Disk Drive (HDD) Solid State Drive (SSD)

HDDs are mechanical storage devices that use spinning platters to store data, offering high capacity at a lower cost but SSDs are faster and more reliable storage devices that use flash memory, providing quicker data access and greater
with slower speeds and lower reliability. durability at a higher cost.
Output Devices: Bringing Results to Life
Monitor Printer Speakers
Monitors display visual output, Printers produce physical copies of Speakers generate audio output,
allowing users to interact with digital documents, enabling users enhancing multimedia experiences
graphical interfaces and view to share information in a tangible and providing sound for
content. format. communication.
Communication Hardware:
Connecting the World

Network Modem Router and


Interface Card Switch
Modems convert
(NIC)
digital signals to Routers direct
NICs enable analog, enabling network traffic;
computers to communication switches connect
connect to over lines. local devices.
networks,
facilitating data
exchange.
The Operating System: A Symphony of Software

1 Resource Management

2 File Management

3 Process Scheduling

4 User Interface

The OS acts as the intermediary between hardware and applications, managing resources, providing essential services, and
offering a user-friendly interface. Popular examples include Windows, macOS, and Linux.
Challenges in Computer Architecture

Performance Bottlenecks Energy Consumption Scalability

Modern computer architecture faces challenges such as performance bottlenecks, energy consumption, and scalability.
Addressing these issues is crucial for developing efficient systems that meet the demands of advanced applications.
Conclusion
In conclusion, a comprehensive understanding of computer architecture is essential for optimizing system performance.
Future trends will likely focus on Al integration, quantum computing, and energy efficiency, shaping the next generation of
computing.
THANK YOU

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