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The Making of The Global World

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25 views2 pages

The Making of The Global World

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Dragg Vlogs
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Chapter 3 - The Making of a Global World

1) “The silk routes are a good example of pre-modern trade and cultural links between
distant parts of the world.” Explain with examples.

Ans.
The silk routes are a good example of vibrant pre-modern trade and cultural links between
distant parts of the world:
• Historians have identified several silk routes over land and by sea connecting vast regions
of Asia with Europe and northern Africa.
• The name ‘silk routes’ points out the importance of West-bound Chinese silk cargoes along
this route.
• Chinese pottery also travelled the same route, as did textiles and spices from India and
Southeast Asia.
• In return, precious metals (gold and silver) flowed from Europe to Asia.
Early Christian missionaries and Muslim preachers travelled this route to Asia. Much before
all this, Buddhism from Eastern India spread in several directions through intersecting points
on the silk routes.

2) Illustrate with examples that food offers many opportunities for long-distance
cultural exchange.
Or
“Traders and travellers introduced new crops to lands they travelled. “Substantiate this
statement with illustrations.

Ans.
• Traders and travellers introduced new crops to the lands they travelled.
• Even ‘ready’ foodstuff in distant parts of the world might share common origins like
spaghetti and noodles or, perhaps, Arab traders took pasta to 5th century Sicily, an island now
in Italy.
• Similar foods were also known in India and Japan, so the truth about their origins may
never be known. Yet such guesswork suggests the possibilities of long-distance cultural
contact even in the pre-modern world.
• Many of our common foods such as potatoes, soya, groundnuts, maize, tomatoes, chilies,
sweet potatoes, and so on were not known to our ancestors until about five centuries ago.
• These foods were only introduced in Europe and Asia after Christopher Columbus
accidentally discovered the vast continent that would later become known as the Americas.

3) “The new crops could make the difference between life and death”. Explain the above
statement in context of Irish Potato Famine.

Answer:
• Sometimes the new crops could make the difference between life and death.
• Europe’s poor began to eat better and live longer with the introduction of the humble
potato.
• Ireland’s poorest peasants became so dependent on the potatoes that when disease
destroyed the potato crop in the mid-1840s, hundreds of thousands died of starvation.
• Hungry children dug for potatoes in a field that had already been harvested, hoping to
discover some leftovers.
• During the Great Irish Potato Famine around ten lakh people died of starvation in Ireland
and double the number emigrated in search of work.

4) The silk routes offer a good example of vibrant pre-modern trade and cultural links
between distant parts of the world.’ Support the statement with three valid points.

Answer:
• Before its discovery, America had been cut off from regular contact with the rest of the
world for millions of years. But from the sixteenth century, its vast lands, abundant crops and
minerals began to transform trade and lives everywhere.
Precious metals like silver from mines located in present-day Peru and Mexico also enhanced
Europe’s wealth and financed its trade with Asia.
• China and India were pre-eminent in Asian trade. But from the fifteenth century, China
restricted overseas contacts and retreated into isolation. China’s reduced role and the rising
importance of the Americas gradually moved the centre of world trade westwards. Europe
now emerged as the centre of world trade.

5) Mention any three sources of interlinkage between nations in ancient times. [CBSE
2016-17]

Ans. (1) From ancient times, travellers, traders, priests and pilgrims travelled vast distances
for knowledge, opportunities and spiritual fulfilment or to escape persecution.
(ii) They carried goods, money, values, skills, ideas, inventions and even germs and diseases.
(iii) As early as 3000 BCE an active coastal trade linked the Indus Valley civilisation with
present- day West Asia.
(iv) For more than a millenia, cowries (in Hindi cowdi or sea-shells) were used as a form of
currency. From the Maldives they found their way to China and East Africa

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