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Short Notes For Emerging Trends

Class XI last unit

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73 views3 pages

Short Notes For Emerging Trends

Class XI last unit

Uploaded by

Anshu Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Expanded Notes on Emerging Trends

2.1 Introduction to Emerging Trends


Emerging trends are new and advanced technologies that start gaining popularity and
influence over time. These trends often define the future of technology, changing the way
we interact and live in the digital world. While some trends fade away, others become
integral to daily life and industries. Examples include Artificial Intelligence (AI), Big Data,
Internet of Things (IoT), Cloud Computing, Grid Computing, and Blockchain Technology.

2.2 Artificial Intelligence (AI)


Artificial Intelligence, or AI, involves creating machines and software that can perform tasks
requiring human intelligence. This means teaching computers to think, learn, and make
decisions just like humans. For example, your smartphone can suggest the fastest route
using real-time traffic data or recognize and tag faces in photos.

- Key Applications:

 - Voice assistants like Siri and Alexa that respond to your commands.
 - Google Maps, which provides accurate navigation based on traffic data.
 - Social media platforms that automatically recognize and tag your friends in photos.

2.2.1 Machine Learning (ML)


Machine Learning is a part of AI where computers learn from data instead of being
programmed step by step. Imagine teaching a computer to recognize cats in pictures by
showing it thousands of images. It studies the patterns and learns to identify cats on its
own.

- Example: Recommendation systems like Netflix suggesting movies based on your watch
history.

2.2.2 Natural Language Processing (NLP)


NLP enables computers to understand and respond in human languages like English or
Hindi. This makes interactions with devices more natural.

- Examples of NLP in action:

 - Predictive typing that suggests the next word while you type.
 - Voice recognition systems that convert spoken words into text.
 - Chatbots that answer customer queries automatically.

2.2.3 Immersive Experiences


Immersive experiences use technology to make users feel as if they are inside a digital
environment. This makes activities like gaming or training more engaging and realistic.
- Virtual Reality (VR):

VR creates an entirely virtual world where users can interact with objects and move around
using headsets.
- Examples: Gaming, flight simulators, and medical training.

- Augmented Reality (AR):

AR enhances the real world by overlaying digital elements, such as directions or labels.
- Examples: AR apps that provide historical details when you point your phone at
landmarks.

2.2.4 Robotics
Robotics involves designing machines that can perform tasks automatically and precisely.
Robots can be programmed to do repetitive, complex, or dangerous jobs.

- Types of robots include:

 - Wheeled robots for factories.


 - Humanoid robots like Sophia that mimic human behavior.
 - Drones for tasks like surveillance, delivery, or rescue operations.

2.3 Big Data


Big Data refers to extremely large sets of data that cannot be processed using regular
methods. This data is generated from activities like social media posts, online shopping, and
even sensors in devices.

- Characteristics of Big Data:

 - Volume: The size of the data is enormous.


 - Velocity: Data is generated at high speeds (e.g., social media posts every second).
 - Variety: Includes text, images, videos, and more.
 - Veracity: Ensures data is accurate and trustworthy.
 - Value: Hidden patterns in data can provide business insights.

2.4 Internet of Things (IoT)


IoT is a network where everyday objects like lights, refrigerators, and cars are connected to
the internet. They can communicate with each other and with us, making tasks simpler.

- Applications of IoT:

 - Smart homes where devices like thermostats and lights are controlled via
smartphones.
 - Smart cities using sensors to reduce traffic or monitor pollution.
 - Wearable health devices that monitor vital signs.
2.5 Cloud Computing
Cloud Computing allows users to access storage, software, and processing power over the
internet. Instead of buying expensive hardware, you pay for what you use.

- Examples of Cloud Services:

 - Google Drive for storing files.


 - Netflix for streaming videos.

2.6 Blockchains
Blockchain is a secure way of recording information using a decentralized system. It
ensures that data cannot be altered without agreement from all members of the network.

- Applications of Blockchain:

 - Digital currencies like Bitcoin.


 - Transparent voting systems.
 - Secure land record management.

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