CBSE Class 8 Civics Notes Chapter 8: Here are the notes which are important for Class 8

CBSE Civics. The chapter highlights how these groups, despite their limited power, have
engaged in a range of actions - from seeking religious solace and armed struggle to pursuing
self-improvement, education, and economic upliftment.

It shows that there is no single approach to combating marginalisation; rather, the methods used
reflect the unique circumstances of each group. For effective exam preparation students should
refer to the CBSE Notes for Class 8 Civics Chapter 8 which provide a detailed understanding of
how these groups confront their struggles and work towards achieving equality and justice.

CBSE Class 8 Civics Notes Chapter 8 Confronting

Marginalisation Overview
These notes are prepared by subject experts of Physics Wallah provides a detailed overview of
CBSE Class 8 Civics Chapter 8 Confronting Marginalisation. This chapter explains the diverse
strategies used by marginalized groups to address and challenge inequality and discrimination.

It covers various approaches, including seeking religious solace, engaging in armed struggle,
pursuing self-improvement, and striving for economic upliftment. For a detailed understanding
and effective exam preparation students should refer to these expert-prepared notes.

CBSE Class 8 Civics Notes Chapter 8 Confronting

Marginalisation PDF
Here are the notes for CBSE Class 8 Civics Chapter 8 Confronting Marginalisation which are
important for exam preparation. The PDF link is available below providing a detailed overview of
the chapter.

CBSE Class 8 Civics Notes Chapter 8 Confronting Marginalisation PDF

CBSE Class 8 Civics Notes Chapter 8 Confronting

Marginalisation
Below we have provided CBSE Class 8 Civics Notes Chapter 8 Confronting Marginalisation-

Confronting Marginalisation

Confronting marginalisation involves understanding how marginalized groups utilize the

Constitution of India to challenge their exclusion and seek justice. These groups often invoke
constitutional rights as a basis for their struggles, leveraging the legal framework to combat
exploitation and discrimination.

The Constitution provides several protections and guarantees to ensure equality and safeguard
the rights of marginalized communities.

To address the issues faced by these groups, the government formulates policies aimed at
enhancing their access to development and resources. These policies are designed to correct
historical injustices and provide opportunities for economic, social, and educational
advancement.

By translating constitutional rights into actionable laws and policies, the state aims to promote
inclusivity and reduce the disparities experienced by marginalized populations. This process
involves continuous efforts to ensure that the benefits of development reach all sections of
society, thereby fostering a more equitable and just environment.

Invoking Fundamental Rights

The Indian Constitution enshrines Fundamental Rights that are crucial for ensuring justice,
equality, and democracy. These rights are universally applicable to all Indian citizens, including
marginalized groups who often rely on them to combat injustice.

Marginalized communities have utilized these rights in two significant ways: first, by compelling
the government to recognize and address injustices through their persistent advocacy, and
second, by insisting on the enforcement of laws that align with the spirit of these Fundamental
Rights.

For instance, Article 17 of the Constitution abolishes untouchability, making it a punishable

offense and ensuring that Dalits have the right to education, access to public spaces, and
religious freedoms. Similarly, Article 15 prohibits discrimination based on religion, race, caste,
sex, or place of birth, providing a legal foundation for addressing and rectifying discrimination.

Marginalized groups, such as Dalits and other minorities, have actively invoked these rights to
challenge unfair treatment and to demand justice from individuals, communities, or government
institutions. They draw attention to the Constitution to seek redress and ensure that their rights
are upheld.

The Constitution guarantees cultural and educational rights, allowing distinct cultural and
religious groups to preserve and promote their heritage. By protecting these cultural rights, the
Constitution aims to ensure cultural justice and maintain the diversity and equality of all societal
groups.

Laws for the Marginalised

In India, specific laws and policies have been enacted to support marginalized communities and
promote social justice. The government, both at the State and Central levels, implements these
laws to address historical inequities and ensure equal opportunities for Dalits and Adivasis.

One prominent example is the reservation policy, which aims to provide equitable access to
education and employment opportunities. This policy reserves seats in educational institutions
and government jobs for Dalits, Adivasis, and other backward classes. The underlying principle
is that, due to centuries of exclusion and deprivation, these communities require affirmative
action to level the playing field and achieve social and economic advancement.

The reservation policy operates by creating lists of Scheduled Castes (Dalits), Scheduled Tribes
(Adivasis), and other backward classes. Candidates applying for educational programs or
government positions must present proof of their caste or tribe status. If their caste or tribe is
listed, they are eligible for reservation benefits.

For educational admissions, especially to professional institutes, governments set specific

cut-off marks. Only candidates from reserved categories who meet or exceed these marks can
secure admission. These students may receive special scholarships to support their education.

Through these measures, the government seeks to counteract long-standing disparities and
promote social inclusion and equality.

Protecting the Rights of Dalits and Adivasis

To safeguard the rights of Dalits and Adivasis, India has enacted specific laws to combat
discrimination and exploitation. One significant piece of legislation is the Scheduled Castes and
the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989.

This Act was established in response to widespread demands from Dalit and tribal groups for
protection against severe mistreatment and humiliation, particularly during the violent clashes of
the late 1970s and 1980s.

The Act categorizes various forms of violence and discrimination against Dalits and Adivasis,
setting out strict penalties for offenders. It addresses modes of humiliation, including forcing
individuals to consume harmful substances or stripping them of their clothing in a degrading
manner.

It also targets actions that dispossess marginalized communities of their resources or exploit
them through forced labor. The Act acknowledges the specific violence faced by Dalit and tribal
women, providing for harsher penalties for crimes committed against them.

For Adivasis, the 1989 Act plays a crucial role in protecting their traditional land rights. The Act
helps Adivasis defend their ancestral lands from illegal encroachment and supports the
restitution of land to those wrongfully displaced. It reinforces constitutional guarantees that
prohibit the sale or transfer of tribal land to non-tribals and mandates compensation and
alternative living arrangements for those unable to return to their original lands.
Through these measures, the Act aims to ensure justice and safeguard the dignity and rights of
Dalits and Adivasis, reflecting a broader commitment to equality and social justice.

Benefits of CBSE Class 8 Civics Notes Chapter 8 Confronting

Marginalisation

● Comprehensive Understanding: The notes provide a thorough overview of how

marginalized groups have historically confronted and addressed their marginalisation.
This includes detailed explanations of their struggles and the strategies they have
employed, such as armed struggle, religious solace, and economic upliftment.
● Insight into Legal Protections: Students gain valuable insights into how the Indian
Constitution and specific laws protect marginalized communities. The notes cover how
Fundamental Rights are invoked to address injustices and the role of laws like the
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, in
safeguarding these rights.
● Contextual Relevance: By exploring the ways in which marginalized groups challenge
inequalities, the notes help students understand the real-world applications of
constitutional principles and laws. This contextual understanding aids in connecting
theoretical knowledge with practical implications.
● Exam Preparation: The notes are structured to highlight key concepts, historical events,
and legislative measures relevant to the chapter, making them an excellent resource for
exam revision. They help students focus on important topics and prepare effectively for
questions related to marginalisation and legal frameworks.
● Encouragement of Critical Thinking: The notes encourage students to think critically
about social justice and the role of laws in addressing inequalities.