Electrical Machines

1. A three phase slip ring induction motor is fed from the rotor side with stator winding short
circuited. The frequency of the current flowing in the short circuited stator is

(a) Slip frequency

(b) Supply frequency
(c) Frequency corresponding to rotor speed
(d) Zero

2. A 8-pole, 3-phase, 50 Hz induction motor is operating at a speed of 720 rpm. The

frequency of the rotor current of the motor in Hz is _______________.

3. The electromagnetic torque Te of a drive and its connected load torque. TL are shown
below. Out of the operating points A, B, C and D, the unstable ones

(a) A, C, D (b) B
(c) A, D (d) B, C, D

4. The power input to a 415V, 50Hz, 6 pole 3-phase induction motor running at 970 rpm is
40 kW. The stator losses are 1.5 kW and friction and windage losses total 2kW. The
efficiency of the motor is ________%.

5. A three phase squirrel cage induction motor has a starting current of six times the full load
current and full load slip of 5%. If an autotransformer is used for reduced voltage starting to
provide 1.25 per unit starting torque, the autotransformer ratio should be _____%.

6. A 2-pole, 3-phase induction motor has 100 turns per phase, and a magnetizing current of
5 / 2  A in each phase at a frequency of 50 Hz. Mmf across the air gap distribution is
assumed sinusoidal. Amplitude of the rotating air gap mmf wave is _________ AT.

7. The rotor winding of a 6-pole, 3-Phase, slip-ring induction motor receive a 3-phase, 50 Hz
supply which produced an air gap mmf rotating in the clockwise direction with respect to the
rotor. The rotor itself is being rotated in the anti-clock wise direction at 400 rpm. Frequency
of the voltages induced in the stator phases is _____________ Hz.

8. A 3-phase, 400 V, star connected, 4-pole, 50Hz squirrel cage induction motor has total
leakage reactance per phase ref stator = (16/) . Rotor resistance per phase (ref stator) =
1. Stator resistance is neglected. The maximum developed torque will be ____________ N-
m/rad.

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 Electrical Machines

9. A 3-phase squirrel – cage induction motor, with rated phase voltage and phase currents of
200 V and 10A respectively, has an equivalent circuit per phase as shown. With direct
switching of rated voltage, if magnetizing current is neglected, the starting current is _____A.

10. By rotor resistance control, the slip of a 3-phase induction motor is increased from 0.01
to 0.04 while the rotor input is held constant at 2000 W. Rotor copper loss will increase by
_________ watts.

11. In a 3-phase induction motor, the stator phases carry balanced sinusoidal currents with
maximum value of I A and at (/2) Hz. The resulting mmf is rotating in the clock-wise
direction. The rotor is also rotating in the clock-wise direction, but with a speed of w/2
electrical rad/sec. The induced emf in each rotor phase is then 50 V(rms). The stator currents
I I
are now changed to dc currents I, and respectively. Rotor rotation is unchanged
2 2
induced emf in each rotor phase now will be ______________ V.

12. With direct switching of normal voltage to a 3-phase induction motor, supply delivers 20
A of line current at starting. An auto transformer used for starting applies 25% of the rated
voltage at starting. The starting line current drawn by the auto transformer from the supply
is ______________ A.

3
13. A 400-V, 50-Hz, 4-pole, star connected induction motor has the following data: r2  ;
ph
7
and  x1  x2   . Full load torque normally occurs at a slip of 0.03. To get full load torque
ph
at a slip of 0.2, the additional resistance to be connected in series with each rotor phase (in
ohm)

(a) 3 (b) 0
(c) 5.67 (d) 17

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 Electrical Machines

14. The speed of a 3-phase induction motor is being controlled by varying the supply
frequency. The frequency and the applied voltage are reduced to half and three fourths of
their original values. The new maximum torque and slip for maximum torque are
_______________ times their original values respectively.
1 1
(a) , (b) 2.25, 2
2 2
3 1
(c) 2, 22 (d) ,
4 2

15. Methods of speed control of induction motors are listed in list 1, and some statements
are given in list 2. Math the two lists
List – 1
P. Pole – changing
Q. Cascading
R. Rotor resistance control (for slip ring rotor motor)
S. Star-delta starting
List – 2
1. Slip – power is converted to mechanical power.
2. This method cause wastage of power
3. This method is unsuitable high voltage motors.
4. Squirrel-cage with large number of bars

Codes:
P Q R S
(a) 2 3 4 1
(b) 1 2 3 4
(c) 4 2 1 3
(d) 4 1 2 3

16. The advantage of the double cage rotor over single cage rotor is that its
1. Efficiency is higher
2. Power factor is higher
3. Slip is larger
4. Starting current is lower

(a) Only 2 (b) 1 and 2

(c) 3 and 4 (d) Only 4

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 Electrical Machines

17. 3- induction motor is running at 810 rpm; its rotor input is 2000 watt and rotor gross
output is 1800 watt, calculate number of poles if the frequency of rotor is 6 Hz?

(a) 4 (b) 6
(c) 8 (d) 10

18. A 25 h.p., 6-pole, 50-Hz, 3-phase slip ring induction motor runs at 960 revolutions per
minute on full load with a rotor current per phase of 35 A. Allowing 250 W for the copper
loss in the short circuiting gear, and 1000 W for mechanical losses, find the resistance per
phase of the three phase of the three phase rotor winding.

(a) 0.154  (b) 0.254 

(c) 0.354  (d) 0.333 

19. The main and auxiliary winding impedances of a 50 Hz, capacitor-start single-phase
induction motor are:
Main winding Zm  3  j2.7 
Auxiliary winding Z a  7  j3 
Determine the value of the capacitor to be connected in series with the auxiliary winding to
achieve a phase difference of  = 90o between the current of the two windings at start.

(a) 275.5 F (b) 285.5 F

(c) 295.5 F (d) 305.5 F

20. A 208 V, 8 pole, 60 Hz, 3- star connected, wound-rotor induction motor has a rotor
impedance of 0.02 + j0.08 /phase and negligible stator impedance at standstill. Consider
the following statement:
1. The breakdown slip at which maximum torque occurs is 0.25.
2. The starting torque is 47% of the maximum torque.
3. The maximum torque developed by the motor is 1346.4 Nm
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 1, 2 and 3
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1 only

21. A 120 V, 60 Hz,6-pole -connected, 3- induction motor has a stator impedance of 0.2 +
j0.3  per phase and an equivalent rotor impedance of 0.4 + j0.5  per phase at standstill.
The motor speed at which the developed power is maximum, will be
(a) 857 rpm (b) 408 rpm
(c) 900 rpm (d) 600 rpm

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 Electrical Machines

22. A ¼ hp split-phase motor draws its starting winding current of 4 A lagging the supply
voltage by 15o elec. and its running winding current is 6A lagging by 40o elec. Calculate the
component of running winding current that lags the supply voltage by 90o.
(a) 1.03 A (b) 3.856 A
(c) 3.863 A (d) 4.59 A

23. A 3-phase induction motor runs at almost 1000 rpm at no load and 950 rpm at full load
when supplied with power from a 50 Hz, 3-phase supply. What is the corresponding speed
of the rotor field with respect to rotor?
(a) 30 rpm (b) 40 rpm
(c) 50 rpm (d) 60 rpm

24. A 250 watt, 230 V, 50 Hz single phase capacitor start induction motor has the following
constants for the main and auxiliary windings. Main winding Zm = (4.5 + j3.7), auxiliary
winding Za = (9.5 + j3.5) ____________ F is the value of the starting capacitor that will place
the main and auxiliary winding current in quadrature at starting.

(a) 212.5 (b) 211.5

(c) 210.5 (d) 214.6

25. A small 3 phase induction motor has a short circuit current equal to 5 times of the full
load current. Determine the ratio of starting torque to full load torque, if resistance starter is
used to reduce the impressed voltage to 60% of normal voltage. The full-load slip is 0.05.

(a) 0.35 (b) 0.45

(c) 0.55 (d) 0.59

26. A 50 kVA, 440 V, 3-phase, 50 Hz induction motor is provided with a 3-phase step down
auto transformer starter, which steps down the voltage to 60% of the input. The starting
current of motor on rated voltage is 6 times of the rated full load current. The current drawn
by the auto transformer from the mains at starting is ________ A.

(a) 141.7 (b) 141.1

(c) 142.6 (d) 142.1

27. A 6 pole, 50 Hz, 3- induction motor running on full load develops a useful torque of 150
Nm at a rotor frequency of 1.5 Hz. The shaft power output is _________ kW.

28. A single-stack, eight-phase (stator) multipole, stepper motor has six rotor teeth. The
phases are excited one at a time. _____ will be the step size.

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 Electrical Machines

29. A induction motor has double cage rotor with equivalent impedances at standstill of
(1+j1) and (0.2+j4) Ω. Find the relative values of torque produced by each cage at 5% slip.

(a) T1 : T2 = 0.4 : 1 (b) T1 : T2 = 0.6 : 1

(c) T1 : T2 = 0.8 : 1 (d) T1 : T2 = 1 : 1

30. A cage rotor induction generator is driven successively at two speeds n1 and n2. The
stator outputs corresponding to these speeds are 9 kW and 4 kW respectively. The ratio
n1/n2 is 1.043 and synchronous speed of the generator is 750 rpm, find n1 and n2
respectively. Rotor voltage per phase at stand still = 150 V, neglect rotor reactance and
stator resistance.

(a) 810 rpm, 777 rpm (b) 800 rpm, 700 rpm
(c) 800 rpm, 750 rpm (d) 810 rpm 766 rpm

31. An 8-pole, 50 Hz, 3-φ, induction motor has an equivalent rotor resistance of 0.07 Ω/ph. If
its stalling speed is 630 rpm. How much resistance must be included per phase to obtain
maximum torque at starting? Ignore magnetizing current.

(a) 0.27  (b) 0.37 

(c) 0.47  (d) 0.57 

32. On a short circuit test, a 12 pole, 3 φ, 50 Hz induction motor, with an equivalent stand
still rotor resistance equal to the stator resistance took, 250 A and 100 kW. Find the starting
torque developed.

(a) 955 Nm (b) 1055 Nm

(c) 1155 Nm (d) 1255 Nm

33. It is desired to install a 3-φ cage induction motor restricting the maximum line current
drawn from a 400 V, 3-φ supply to 120 A. If the starting current is 6 times full load current
with Direct On-Line starting. What is the maximum permissible full load KVA of the motor
when it is connected through an autotransformer with a tapping of 60%.

(a) 38.49 (b) 45.55

(c) 55.55 (d) 65.49

34. Calculate the reduction in starting torque when the supply voltage to a cage motor is 75
percent instead of 100 percent.

(a) 43.75 (b) 44.75

(c) 45.75 (d) 46.75

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 Electrical Machines

35. ___________________ W is the rotor copper loss of a 3-φ 550 volt, 50 Hz, 6 poles induction
motor, developing 4.1 kW at the shaft with mechanical loss of 750 W at 970 rpm?

36. A 3-φ induction motor draws 1000 KVA at a p.f. of 0.8 lag. A synchronous condenser is
connected in parallel to draw an additional 750 KVA at 0.6 pf lead. The pf of the total load
supplied by the mains is _______________.

37. Calculate the stepping angle for a 3-stack, 16 tooth variable reluctance stepper motor.

(a) 5.5o (b) 6.5o

(c) 7.5o (d) 8.5o

38. The chording angle for eliminating 5th harmonic should be

(a) 30° (b) 34°
(c) 36° (d) 35°

39. Calculate the ratio of transformation of an auto transformer starter for a 25kW, 400V, 3-φ
induction motor if the starting torque is to be 75% of full load torque. Assume the slip at full
load to be 3.5% and the short circuit current to be six times full load current. Ignore the
magnetizing current of the transformer and of the motor.

(a) 0.55 (b) 0.66

(c) 0.77 (d) 0.88

40. A 4 pole, 150 Hz, 3-φ induction motor has blocked rotor reactance per phase is four
times to the rotor resistance per phase. The speed at which maximum torque developed is
_______ rpm.

41. A 4-pole wound rotor induction motor is used as a frequency changer. The stator is
connected to a 50 Hz, 3-φ supply. The load is connected to the rotor slip rings. What would
be the ratio of voltages at load terminals with possible speeds at a frequency of 25 Hz.

(a) 1 (b) 1.5

(c) 2 (d) 2.5

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 Electrical Machines

42. The two cages of a 3-φ, 50 Hz, 4 pole delta connected induction motor have respective
standstill leakage impedance of (2+j8) and (9+j2)Ω/ph. Estimate the gross torque developed
at standstill, the effective rotor voltage being 230 V/ph.

(a) 134.7 Nm (b) 136.7 Nm

(c) 138.7 Nm (d) 140.7 Nm

43. A 3 hp induction motor with full load efficiency and power factor of 0.83 and 0.8
respectively, has a short circuit current of 3.5 times full load current. _____________ is the line
current at the instant of starting the motor from a 500 V supply by means of a star delta
switch. Ignore the magnetizing current.

44. A 220 V, 50 Hz, 4pole, single phase induction motor has the following circuit model. The
rotational losses of the motor are estimated to be 75 W. At a motor speed of 940 rpm,
___________________ A is the magnitude of line current.

45. The starting currents in the main and auxiliary windings of a single phase induction
motor are 460o A and 430o A when a voltage 2000o V is applied. The effective
resistance of the auxiliary winding/effective resistance of the main winding is _____________.

46. The power factor of a squirrel cage induction motor is

(a) Low at light load only
(b) Low at heavy loads only
(c) Low at light and heavy loads both
(d) Low at rate load only

47. The rotor circuit frequency of a 3-phase induction motor connected to a 50 Hz supply
under locked rotor condition is _______________ (Hz)

48. The power input to a 3 phase induction motor is 60 kW. The total stator losses are 1 kW
and rotor copper losses per phase is 590 W, then the value of the slip is _______________.

49. In a double revolving field theory of single-phase induction motor, the slip of the forward
motor is ‘s’ then the slip of the backward motor is
(a) 2s (b) s
(c) 2-s (d) s-2

50. The rotor of a 4-pole, 50 Hz, slip ring induction motor has a resistance of 0.25  per
phase and runs at 1440 rpm at full-load. The external resistance per phase which must be
added to lower the speed to 1200 r.p.m, when the torque being the same as before is
________________ ().

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 Electrical Machines

51. A 400V, 3-phase, star-connected induction motor has a stator impedance of

(0.06 +j0.2) and an equivalent rotor impedance of (0.06 +j0.22). The slip at which
maximum gross power output obtained is ____________ %. Neglect existing current.

52. The slip of an induction machine with the stator receiving supply = 1.5. The rotor

1. Is stationary
2. Rotates in the same direction as the rotating field at 0.5 times the rotating field speed.
3. Rotates in a direction opposite to that of rotating field at 0.5 times the rotating field
speed.
4. Rotates in the same direction as the rotating field at 1.5 times the rotating field speed.

(a) (3) and (4) (b) (2) and (4)

(c) Only (3) (d) Only (4)

53. (A) A double cage rotor is used to improve the running performance of an induction
motor.

(B) In a double cage rotor, the inner cage is designed to have a large resistance than the
outer cage.

(a) Both (a) and (b) are true

(b) (a) is true (b) is false
(c) (a) is false, (b) is true
(d) Both (a) and (b) are false

54. The speed of an induction motor is to be controlled by varying its supply frequency. The
maximum air gap flux density is 1 Tesla at rated supply voltage and rated supply frequency.
If the supply frequency is reduced to 0.75 of the rated value, while the supply voltage is kept
unchanged in amplitude, the maximum air gap flux density will be ______________ Tesla

55. The stand-still rotor impedance per phase of a 4-pole 50 Hz, 100 V 3-phase induction
motor is (1 + j3)Ω. The slip at which the developed torque in the motor will be the same as at
starting is ________________.

56. A 3-, 4-pole, 50 Hz slip ring induction motor has stand – still rotor resistance, leakage
reactance, and emf per phase of 0.1, 0.9 and 90V respectively. It is running at a slip of
0.04. To change the slip to ‘s’ at the same torque, an external voltage 20V per phase at the
appropriate frequency is injected into the rotor phases. The injected voltage is in phase with
the induced rotor emf and aid the rotor emf. The slip ‘s’ is ______________.

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 Electrical Machines

57. The speed of a 3- induction motor is being controlled by variation of the supply
frequency, while keeping the voltage/frequency ratio constant at (Vrated/frated). The slip at the
rated voltage operation is ‘s’. For the same drop in speed; the slip at frequency f, where
 f 
  k  is
 frated 

(a) s (b) ks
s s
(c) (d)
k2 k

58. In no-load test of a 3- induction motor by using two-watt meter method one wattmeter
shows positive reading and another wattmeter shows negative reading. Then expected
power factor of the induction motor will be

(a) 0.5 lag (b) > 0.5 lag

(c) < 0.5 lag (d) UPF

59. Which of the following statements is correct in respect to an induction motor?

(a)The maximum torque will depend on rotor resistance

(b) The maximum torque will not depend on stand still rotor reactance
(c) The slip of induction motor decreases as torque increases
(d) The maximum torque does not depend on rotor resistances yet the speed at which
maximum torque is produced depend on rotor resistance

60. If the load on a 3- induction motor is increased from no load to full load, then the
power factor and efficiency
(a)Both will increase
(b) Both will decrease
(c) Power factor increases and efficiency decreases
(d) Power factor decreases and efficiency increases

61. A 3-phase induction machine draws active power P and reactive power Q from the grid.
If it is operated as generator, then P and Q will be _________________ respectively.

(a) Positive and Negative

(b) Negative and Positive
(c) Positive and Positive
(d) Negative and Negative

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 Electrical Machines

62. For a 3-, 50Hz squirrel cage induction motor, rotor leakage reactance at standstill is
twice of its resistance. The frequency of the rotor at which maximum torque is obtained at
starting is _____________ Hz.

63. If two 3- induction motors A and B are identical in all respects except the motor A has a
larger air gap than motor B, then which of the following is incorrect statement?

(a) Motor A will draw more no-load current than motor B

(b) Motor A has poor no load power factor than motor B
(c) Motor B has poor no-load power factor than motor A
(d) Motor B has better full load power factor than motor A.

64. In a double cage induction motor, the outer cage carries

(a) High resistance and high leakage reactance winding

(b) Low resistance and low leakage reactance winding
(c) High resistance and low leakage reactance winding
(d) Low resistance and high leakage reactance winding

65. Match the following.

Speed control methods used in 3- induction motor (Disadvantages)

(i) By changing number of poles (A) Poor Efficiency
(ii) By secondary voltage injection control. (B) Complex design
(iii) By rotor resistance control (C) Costlier

(a) i – A, ii – B, iii  C
(b) i – C, ii – A, iii  B
(c) i – B, ii – C, iii  A
(d) i – B, ii – A, iii  C

66. The frame of an induction motor is made of

(a) Aluminium (b) Silicon steel

(c) Cast iron (d) Stainless steel

67. When the supply voltage to a 3- squirrel cage induction motor is reduced by 20%, then
the maximum torque will be decreased by _______________%.

68. A 6-pole, 440V 3- 50 Hz induction motor has a maximum torque 650 N-m. The starting
torque if it is started by direct online is _____________ N-m.

R2 = 0.3 / phase and X2 = 2 / phase

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 Electrical Machines

69. The power input to a 500V, 50Hz 6-pole 3- induction motor running at 975 rpm is 40
kW. The stator loss is 1kW and the friction and total windage losses is 2kW. The efficiency
of induction motor is _____________%.

70. A 6 pole, 3-, 440V – 50Hz induction motor has the rotor impedance of 0.2 + j1.6, the
ratio of stator to rotor turns 1.79 and the full load slip is 0.06. The speed at which maximum
torque occurs is ______________ rpm.

71. A 3- 4-pole, 50Hz slip ring induction motor has 420 stator turns. The magnitude of the
rotating flux per pole is 30mWb. The winding factors for both stator and rotor windings is
0.96. The magnitude of per phase stator e.m.f is _________________ V.

72. The stepper motors are ideally suitable for

(a) Positive feedback control

(b) Open loop position control
(c) Closed loop position control
(d) Negative feedback control

73. Induction generators generate an output when driven at

(a) Speed greater than synchronous speed

(b) Speed lesser than synchronous speed
(c) Synchronous speed
(d) Either (a) or (b)

74. A 6 pole, 3-, 440V – 50 Hz induction motor has the rotor impedance of 0.2+j1.6, the
ratio of stator to rotor turns is 1.79 and the full load slip is 0.06. The full load torque is
_________________ N-m.

(a) 140 (b) 145

(c) 156 (d) 125

75. A 3- 4-pole, 50Hz slip ring induction motor has 420 stator turns. The magnitude of the
rotating flux per pole is 30mWb. The winding factors for both stator and rotor windings is
0.96. If the stand still rotor e.m.f is 177V / phase, then the number of rotor turns is ________.

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 Electrical Machines

76. When the applied rated voltage per phase is reduced to one half, the starting torque of
three phase squirrel cage induction motor becomes
1
(a) of the initial value
2
1
(b) of the initial value
4
(c) Twice the initial value
(d) 4 times the initial value

77. The short circuit test on a 3- induction motor is conducted at a rotor speed of
(a) Zero (b) < Ns
(c) > Ns (d) Ns

78. A 3-, 50Hz, 6 pole slip ring induction machine is coupled to a DC motor. The speed of
the dc motor is 600 rpm and slip rings are connected to stator terminals of other 4 pole
synchronous motor. The speed of synchronous motor will be ___________ rpm.

79. If induction motor air gap power is 10 kW and mechanically developed power is 8 kW,
then rotor ohmic loss will be _____________ kV.

80. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists

List-I List-II
P. Single phase Induction motor 1. Rotor resistance starting
Q. 3-phase slip ring induction motor 2. Not self starting
R. 3-phase squirrel cage induction motor 3. Auto transformer starting
Codes
P Q R
(a) 2 1 3
(b) 1 2 3
(c) 2 3 1
(d) 3 1 2

81. The advantage of the double squirrel cage induction motor over single cage rotor is that
its
(a) Efficiency is higher (b) Power factor is higher
(c) Slip is larger (d) Starting current is lower

82. If the electromagnetic force in the stator of an 8 pole induction motor has a frequency of
50 Hz and that in the rotor is 1.5 Hz, then find the speed at which motor runs and the slip?
(a) 750 rpm, 0.75 (b) 728 rpm, 0.03
(c) 975 rpm, 0.075 (d) 728 rpm, 0.05

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 Electrical Machines

83. In an Induction motor, when the number of stator slots is equal to an integral number of
rotor slots

(a) There may be discontinuity in torque slip characteristics

(b) A high starting torque will be available
(c) The maximum torque will be high
(d) The machine may fail to start

84. Skewing of rotor in a three phase squirrel cage induction motor reduces

(a) Noise, parasitic torque, starting torque, pull out torque

(b) Noise and parasitic torque, but increases starting torque and pull out torque
(c) Noise and pull out torque, but increases parasitic torque and starting torque
(d) Noise, parasitic torque, starting torque, but increase pull out torque

85. In the equivalent circuit of a double cage induction motor, the two rotor cages can be
considered

(a) To be in parallel (b) To be in series parallel

(c) To be in series (d) To be in parallel with stator

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 Electrical Machines

Solutions
1. Ans: (a)
Solution: The relative speed between rotor magnetic field and stator conductors is slip
speed and hence the frequency of induced emf is equal to slip frequency.

2. Ans: 2
Solution: Given number of poles (P) = 8
Supply frequency (f) = 50 Hz
Rotor speed (Nz) = 720 rpm
120  f 120  50
Ns    750 rpm
p 8
Ns  Nr 750  720
s   0.04
Ns 750
f2  sf  0.04  50  2 Hz

3. Ans: (b)
Solution: For stable operating point the following condition must be satisfied:
dTL dTe
 i.e. slope of Load Torque Curve must be more than slope of Motor Torque Curve.
dn dn
This is true for A,C and D operating points. Hence, B is unstable.
Note: While comparing the slopes, we need to consider the sign of the slope as well.

4. Ans: 88.0 to 88.5

Solution: Power input = 40 kW
120  50
Ns   1000rpm
6
N  N 1000  970
slip(s)  s   0.03
Ns 1000
Stator output = 40kW - 1.5 kW = 38.5 kW
Rotor input = 38.5 kW
Gross mechanical output= rotor input  1-s  38.5 1  0.03  37.345 kW
Net mechanical output= Gross mech o/p  windage loss  37.345  2  35.345 W
o/p 35.345
   100%   100  88.36%
i/p 40

5. Ans: 83 to 84

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 Electrical Machines

2
T I 
Solution: st   st   SfL
TfL  IfL 
2
Tst  xIsc 
   SfL
TfL  IfL 
2
1.25TfL  6I 
 x2  fL   0.05
TfL  IfL 
x  0.833
% tapping of auto transformer = 83.33%

6. Ans: 750
Solution: The maximum current in each phase is 5A. The maximum value of mmf per phase
is 5 x 100 = 500 A-T. According to Rotating Field Theory, the air gap MMF has a maximum
value of 1.5 times the maximum mmf per phase i.e. 1.5 x 500 = 750 A-T.

7. Ans: 30
Solution: Speed of the rotating magnetic field wrt rotor = (120  50)/6 = 1000 rpm. In CW
direction wrt rotor. Rotor is rotating at 400 rpm in ACW direction.
Speed rotating field poles wrt stator = 1000 – 400 = 600 (CW) rpm
PN
Frequency of voltages induced in stator winding   30Hz
120

8. Ans: 100
Solution: Maximum Developed Torque is given by the expression
3 V2
Tmax 
w s 2X 2
120  50
Ns   1500rpm
4

 
2

3 400 / 3
Tmax   100N  m
1500 2  16 / 
2 
60

9. Ans: 40
Solution: Voltage applied across 1 & 2 of figure = 200 V. Current in the magnetizing
reactance (i50 ) is neglected. At starting, slip s = 1. Hence starting current is
200
 40A
 32  42 

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 Electrical Machines

10. Ans: 60
Solution: Rotor Copper Loss = sPag
Where Pag is Rotor Input or Air Gap Power
When s = 0.01, Rotor Cu Loss = 0.01 x 2000 = 20 W
When s = 0.04, Rotor Cu Loss = 0.04 x 2000 = 80 W
Increase = 80 – 20 = 60 W

11. Ans: 50
Solution: From the given data,
  
stator currents can be taken as ia  I cos t, ib  I cos t  120o and ic  I cos t  120o ; 
When carrying ac, these produce a resultant rotating magnetic field rotating at  elec r/sec;

(CW). Since the rotor is rotating at e.r/sec and inducing ac voltage is rotor of rms value
2
I I
50V. dc currents now, if the stator currents are replaced by ia  I, ib   & ic   .
2 2
These can be observed to be the ac currents themselves, at an instant t = 0. So, they
produce the same distribution of mmf as the ac currents, only this space distribution does
not rotate. It remains stationary in space.

But the rotor is now rotting at wrt this stationary waveform. This is the same as the
2
relative speed in the ac case. Hence, same rms voltage will be induced is the rotor as before.

12. Ans: 1.25

Solution: Current drawn by Auto Transformer from the supply = x 2Isc
Where Isc is current drawn from the supply under Direct On-line Starting
And x is the transformation ratio of Auto-Transformer
Starting Current =  0.25 20  1.25 A
2

13. Ans: (d)

Solution:
4002 3 4002 r2
Full load torque = =
 32   r2 
0.03 50    49 0.03 50   2 2  49
 0.03
2
  0.2 
Simplifying r2  19.97 Ω/ph
The resistance to be added = 19.97-3   16.97  17 

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 Electrical Machines

14. Ans: (b)

3V 2
Solution: The maximum torque is given by=
2 x x 2
3 1
Vnew  V; fnew  f
4 2

So,
 Tdmax new  Vnew
2
f
 TdMAX  old fnew V2
2

9
T 
dmax new
16
 4   Tdmax old  2.25  Tdmax old

r
Slip for maximum torque is given by 2
2fl2
Sm new fold
 2
Sm old fnew
Sm new  2Sm old

15. Ans: (d)

Solution: For pole-changing, if a slip ring motor is used, the winding connection for stator
and rotor must both be simultaneously changed. If a cage rotor has sufficient number of
bars, its poles will automatically adjust themselves to those of the stator P-4.
Cascading is one method in which the slip power, instead of being wasted is connected to
mechanical energy using an auxiliary motor. Q-1.
Rotor resistance control, for a given torque Td let speed be reduced from 1 to 2 is wasted
as additional rotor copper losses R-2.
Star-delta starting: In delta running each phase must work at the full line voltage.
If the line voltage is high, the phase required more number of turns, leading to more copper
requirement (Volts/turn is usually fixed) S-3.

16. Ans: (d)

Solution: In a multicage rotor at starting, the inner cage presents a high leakage reactance
compared with the outer cage. Therefore, the rotor current tends to confine itself in the
outer cage causing the starting current to be lower.
Hence (d) is correct option.

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 Electrical Machines

17. Ans: (c)

Rotor Gross Output N
Solution:  1 s 
Rotor Input Ns
1800
 1  s => s  0.1 or 10%
2000
810
1  0.1   Ns  900 rpm
N

900 

120  6  0.1 
=> P 
120  60
8
P 900

18. Ans: (a)

PNs 6  Ns
Solution: f1  => 50 
120 120
120  50
Ns   1000 rpm
6
N  Nr 1000  960
s s   0.04 p.u.
Ns 1000
s
Rotor copper loss=  mechanical power developed
1s
0.04
3I22R 2  250 
1  0.04
25  746  1000 
3  352 R 2  818.75  250
568.75
R2   0.154 
3  352

19. Ans: (c)

Solution: Choose the applied voltage as a reference for phase angles.
Phase angle of the main winding current
Im  Zm  (3  j2.7)  42o
The phase angle of the auxiliary winding current with capacitor in series
Ia    7  j3  j / C 
Now, =Ia  Im
 1   1  1
 3   3  3
90   tan 
o 1

 7 
 C
 
  42 or tan 
o 1

 7 
 C   48 or
o

7
 C  1.11
   
   
for   2  50 rad/s, this yields
C = 295.5 F

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 Electrical Machines

20. Ans: (a)

R 2 0.02
Solution: The breakdown slip is sb    0.25
X 2 0.08
Statement 1 is true.

The ratio of the torque developed at any slip s to be maximum torque is

T 2ssb

Tmax s  s2
2
b

For starting torque s = 1, so

Tst 2 1  0.25 
  0.47
Tmax  0.25 2  1 2

Thus, Tst = 0.47Tmax (47% of maximum torque)

Statement 2 is also true
Synchronous speed,
120  60
n2   900 rpm
8
2
s   n  94.25 rad/s
60 s
V1  120V
Maximum torque developed by the motor
3V 2  s  3  1202  0.25 
Tdm  1  b      2864.72 Nm
2s  R 2  2  94.25  0.02 
Hence (a) is correct option.

21. Ans: (a)

Solution: Given that
R1  jX1  0.2  j0.3 (stator impedance)
R 2  jX 2  0.4  j0.5 (rotor impedance)
The equivalent impedance is
Z e  R e  jX e  R1  R 2  j  X1  X 2   0.6  j0.8  153.13o 
The slip at which maximum power occurs
R2 0.4 ’
sp    0.286
R 2  Z e 0.4  1

The synchronous speed of the motor is

120  60
ns   1200 rpm
6

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 Electrical Machines

The motor speed,

 
n  1  sp ns  1  0.286 1200  856.8 rpm

22. Ans: (b)


Solution: Starting winding current Is  4  15o A  3.8637  j 1.0353 A 
Running winding current Im  6  40o A   4.5963  j 3.8567 A
The component of running winding current that lags behind the supply voltage by 90o
= Reactive component of running winding current= 3.86 A

23. Ans: (c)

Solution: Supply frequency, f = 50 Hz
No-load speed of motor, N0 = 1000 rpm
Full load speed of motor, Nf = 950 rpm
Since no-load speed of motor is almost 1000 rpm, hence synchronous speed near to 1000
rpm is 1000 rpm.
Speed of Rotor Field = 1000 rpm
Speed of Rotor = 950 rpm
Speed of rotor field with respect to rotor = 1000-950 = 50 rpm

24. Ans: (b)

Solution: Main winding impedance, Zm = (4.5 + j3.7) or 5.826 39.43o 
Main winding current, Im lags behind the applied voltage V by 39.43o
Auxiliary winding impedance Za = (9.5 + j3.5)
Since, time phase angle between auxiliary winding current Ia and main winding current Im is
90o, so auxiliary winding current Ia must lead the applied voltage by (90o – 39.43o) or 50.57o.
If Xc is the capacitive reactance of the capacitor connected in series with the auxiliary
winding, then impedance of the auxiliary winding will be given as
Za = (9.5 + j3.5 – jXc) or [9.5 + j(3.5  Xc)] ohm
3.5  X c
For auxiliary winding, tan a 
9.5
X c  3.5  9.5 tan a  3.5  9.5 tan  50.57   3.5  11.553  15.053 
o

1 1
Capacitance, C    211.5 F
2fX c 2  50  15.053

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 Electrical Machines

25. Ans: (b)

Solution: Ist  0.6 ISC  0.6  5Ifl  3Ifl
2
I 
  sfl  fl 3  0.05  0.45fl
2
st  fl  st
 Ifl 

26. Ans: (a)

Solution: X  60%  0.6

50  103
Ifl(motor )   65.61 A
3  440
Ist(motor )  6Ifl  6  65.61 A  393.65 A
Ist(Auto)  X 2Ist(motor )   0.6   393.65 A  141.71 A
2

27. Ans: 15.0 to 15.5

120f1 120  50
Solution: Ns    1000 rpm
P 6
f 1.5
s 2   0.03 or 3%
f1 50
Nr  (1  s)Ns  1  0.03  1000  970 rpm
2  970
r  2Nr   101.58 rad/s
60
Shaft power output P = Tr  150  101.58  15236 W  15.236 kW

28. Ans: 15
Solution: Ns  8 ; Nr  6
f  120Hz
Ns  Nr 86
step size,    360o   360o  15o
NsNr 86

29. Ans: (a)

Solution: Z1  1  j1  and Z 2  0.2  j4 
at starting s  1
sRE2
Ts 
R 2  X 2s
0.05  1 E2
T1 
12   0.05   1
2

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 Electrical Machines

0.05 2
T1  E  0.05 E2
1.0025
0.05  0.2E2 0.05  0.2E2
T2    0.05  2.5E2
 0.2   0.05  4  0.08
2 2

T1 : T2  1: 25  0.4 : 1

30. Ans: (a)

Solution: Since the stator resistance is neglected

2
1  E2S  3E22S
Stator out-put = Rotor out-put      3R   103 kW
s  R  R
Power Output  slip
P1 s 9
 1   2.25
P2 s2 4
n1  Ns (1  s1 ) ; n2  Ns (1  s2 )
n1 (1  s1 )
  1.043
n2 (1  s2 )
On Solving, we get
s1  0.08 ; s2  0.00356
n1  Ns (1  s1 )  750(1  0.08)  810 rpm
n2  Ns (1  s2 )  750(1  0.0356)  777rpm

31. Ans: (b)

120  50
Solution: Synchronous speed, Ns   750 rpm
8
750  630
Slip, s =  0.16
750
Since the torque is maximum (stalling)
R2
 s  0.16
X2
R2 0.07
X2    0.44 
0.16 0.16
If the total rotor resistance = R'2 (in the second case)
R '2  sX 2
s at starting = 1
R'2  X2  0.44 
 the resistance to be added  0.44  0.07  0.37 

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 Electrical Machines

32. Ans: (a)

Solution: The synchronous speed,
120  50 500
Ns   500 rpm   2  52.36 rad/sec
12 60
at starting s = 1
Rotor copper loss 1
Air Gap Power =  Rotor copper loss   100  50 kW
s 2
Air Gap Power = 50000 W
Pag 50000
Staring Torque=   955 Nm
s 52.36

33. Ans: (a)

Solution: Auto transformer starting
Ist  x2Isc  x2  6IFL 

120   0.6   6IFL 

2

120
IFL   55.55 A
6   0.6 
2

Minimum permissible rating of the motor  3V L IFL  3  400  55.55  38.49 kVA

34. Ans: (a)

Solution: Starting current with normal voltage = Isc
Starting current with 75% of normal supply voltage  0.75Isc
Starting torque with normal supply voltage
2
I 
Tst,1  Tfl  sc  Sf
 Ifl 
Starting torque with 75% normal supply voltage applied to the stator
2
 0.75Isc 
Tst,2  Tfl   Sf  0.56Tst,1
 Ifl 
Tst,1  Tst,2
Percentage reduction in torque =  100  (1  0.56)  100  43.75%
Tst,1

35. Ans: 150

 s 
Solution: Rotor copper loss     mechanical power developed
1  s
120  50
Ns   1000 rpm
6

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 Electrical Machines

Ns  Nf 1000  970
s   0.03
Ns 1000
Mechanical Power Developed = Shaft Power + Mechanical Losses = 4100 + 750 = 4850 W
0.03
Rotor copper loss =   4850   150 W
1  0.03

36. Ans: 1
Solution: Reactive power drawn by induction motor = 1000  0.6 = 600 KVAR
Reactive power supplied by synchronous condenser = 750  0.8 = 600 KVAR
So, net Reactive Power is zero and hence power factor is unity

37. Ans: (c)

Solution: Number of stacks or phase, n = 3
Number of teeth or poles, P = 16
360 360
Stepping angle,     7.5o
np 3  16

38. Ans: (c)

Solution: To eliminate any harmonic the pitch factor corresponding to that harmonic must
n
be zero. To eliminate nth harmonic  90 o
2
Where, ϵ = chording angle
5 
 90o
2
  36o

39. Ans: (c)

2
T 2 I
 
Solution: start  x  SC  S fl
Tfull load  Ifl 
0.75  x2  6   0.035
2

x  0.77

40. Ans: 1125

r2 1
Solution: Maximum torque developed at slip s    0.25
x2 4

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 Electrical Machines

120  50
Ns   1500 rpm
4
Speed at maximum load N  Ns  sNs  1500  375  1125 rpm

41. Ans: (a)

25
Solution: fr  25  sf => s   0.5
50
we can get 25 Hz voltage at slip =  0.5
The rotor voltage at any slip s is = s  rotor voltage at standstill
therefore the rotor voltage is the same for both 0.5 and  0.5 slip.
Therefore, ratio of voltages = 1

42. Ans: (b)

2Ns 2  1500
Solution: s    157 rad / s
60 60
3  230   2
2

T1   29.7 Nm
157 22  82
3  230   9
2

T2   107 Nm
157 92  22
T(total)  29.7  107  136.7 Nm

43. Ans: 4.3 to 4.8

output 3  746
Solution: 3 EI cos   
 0.83
3.89
 The phase current at full load (  connected)   2.25A
3
aE1
ISC   3.5  2.25  7.86A
R 22  X22
aE1
 R 22  X 22 
7.86
Initially with Star Connection
aE1
3 aE1 7.86
I=    4.54A
R 22  X 22 3 aE1

44. Ans: 5 to 6
1000  940
Solution: S   0.06
1000

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 Electrical Machines

The circuit model is given below,

Z f(total)  j48 || 1.8  56.67  j7.8   j48 || 58.47  j7.8   20.6  j28.3
Zb(total)  j48 || 1.8  1.75  j7.8   j48 || 3.55  j7.8   2.63  j6.88

Z(total)   20.6  j28.3   2.63  j6.88   42.1656.6o

2200o
Im   5.22  56.6o
42.1656.6o
IL  IM  5.22A

45. Ans: 1.6 to 1.8

Solution: With a voltage 2000o V, the main winding draws a current 460o. Presenting
the main winding by resistance RM is series with a resistance, RM = Re (2000o / 460o)
 
Re 5060o  25
In a similar way, effective resistance of auxiliary winding
 2000o 
R A  Re  o 
 25 3 
 4  30 
RA
 3  1.73
Rm

46. Ans: (a)

Solution: The current drawn is largely a magnetizing current due to air gap.

47. Ans: 50
Solution: The slip under this condition is 1
fr = sf  fr = 50 Hz

48. Ans: 0.03

Solution: Pri : Prcu Pgml  1 : s : (1  s)
Pri  60 kW  1kW  59 kW

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 Electrical Machines

P rcu /phase  590 W

Total Prcu  590  3
Pri 1

Prcu s
Prcu 590  3
s   0.03
Pri 59  103

49. Ans: (c)

50. Ans: 1
120  f 120  50
Solution: Ns    1500 r.p.m and N  1440 rpm
p 4
Ns  N 1500  1440
Full-load slip S1    0.04
Ns 1500
After inserting resistance, N2  1200 r.p.m
1500  1200
Slip s2   0.2
1500
For constant load torque, power input to rotor and rotor current remains the same.
s2 R  R ext
So, 
s1 R
0.2 0.25  R ext
  R  1
0.04 0.25

51. Ans: 11.9 to 12.2

Solution: If exciting current neglected k  1
R2
The equivalent motor resistance referred to stator, R01  R1   0.06  0.06  0.12
K2
X
The equivalent motor resistance referred to stator, X 01  X 01  02  0.2  0.22  0.42
K2
 Z 01  R 01
2
 X 01
2
 0.12   0.42   0.437 
2 2

The slip corresponsding to maximum gross power o/p.

R2 / K2 0.06
s=   0.12 or 12%
R 2 / K  Z 01
2
0.06  0.437

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 Electrical Machines

52. Ans: (c)

s  m
Solution: Slip  where s is the rotating field speed and m is the actual rotor
s
speed. For the slip to be 1.5, m = - 0.5 s. The negative sign tells us that the rotor rotates in
a direction opposite to the rotating field. Magnitude of the rotor speed = 0.5 s.

53. Ans: (d)

Solution: A squirrel-cage rotor has a small resistance, and it is not possible to connect any
additional resistance to it. This
(i) Gives a low starting torque and

(ii) Causes the speed to fall only by a small amount from no load to full load. The nearly
constant speed during running is desirable, but the low starting torque is not. (The motor
won’t start if the shaft load is reasonably high).
Two cages are employed sometimes to increase the starting torque while the running
characteristic is left unchanged.

The inner cage is like the normal cage of a single-cage motor. It has a low resistance, and
since it links with more leakage flux, it has a higher leakage inductance.

The outer cage is made of higher resistivity material with a smaller cross-section for the bars.
It has a high resistance, and because it links with lesser leakage flux, it has lesser leakage
inductance.

At starting frequency, frequency of the rotor currents is the supply frequency. The lesser
leakage inductance of the outer cage makes its reactance smaller, more starting current
flows in outer cage, and its higher resistance gives a high starting torque.

During running, the very low frequency of the rotor currents makes reactance’s very small
and the smaller resistance inner cage is more effective, giving a good running performance.

54. Ans: 1.2 to 1.4

Solution: In an induction motor V  E = kfBmax volts where all symbols have their usual
meanings and k is a constant. Thus, if voltage is kept constant, fBmax must be constant. With
frequency reduced to 0.75 of its original value, Bmax must increase to (4/3) = 1.33 times its
original value.

55. Ans: 0.1 to 0.2

3  1002  1 30000
Solution: Starting Torque =  N-m/r
1.s 1  9 s
3  1002  1
At a slip s; Td  which is required to be equal to 30000 / s  N-m/r
1 
ss  2  9
s 

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 Electrical Machines

We get 9s2  10s  1  0

10  100  36
s  1 and 1/ 9   0.11
18
 The slip which is not 1 at which the developed torque is the same as the starting torque, is
0.11.

56. Ans: 0.02

Solution: At the initial slip 0.04;

Td 
3  90 2
 0.1  N-m/r
 0.1  2
2
0.04s     0.9  
 0.04  

After injecting the external voltage, the new slip is s.

3  1102  0.1
New torque =
 0.1 2 2
ss     0.9  
 s  

This is given to be the same as the original torque. Equating the two expressions and
simplifying, two values of slip are obtained as 0.5 and 0.02.

For the same torque, by injecting a voltage which aids the induced emf, the induced voltage
itself has to decrease, or speed must increase, approaching the synchronous speed .

Hence the slip 0.02 is the correct answer.

57. Ans: (d)

Solution: Let the synchronous speed at frated = (4frated/P) = m mech rad/s.

Then s 
 s  m 
s
 4f   4frated   f 
All the new frequency f, synchronous speed.        ks mech rad/s
 P   P   frated 
Let the actual speed with f operational be m1.

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 Electrical Machines

ks  m1
Then new slip 
k s
But it is given that
s
 m   Drop with frated operation = Drop with f operation = ks  m1 

 new slip =
 s
 m 

s
 slip with frequency 'f' operation
ks k

58. Ans: (c)

Solution: In no load test the total no load power W  W1  W2

W1  VL IL cos   30o 
W2  V I cos    30 
LL
o

If p.f < 0.5 means  >60  30    90 and cos 30     0 i.e., W1 will give negative reading

59. Ans: (d)

3 V2
Solution: Maximum Torque is given by Tmax  so it does not depend on rotor
s 2X 2
resistance.
R2
The slip at which maximum torque occurs is sm,T  which depends on rotor resistance
X2
and hence the speed at this slip will also depend on rotor resistance.

60. Ans: (a)

Solution: Power factor = cos.
As the load on IM increases, the angle between V1 and I1 decreases there by power factor
increases.
I0  At no load stator current
I21  Stator load component
I2  Rotor current

The stator power factor at no load 0.1 to 0.3, when IM loaded the stator power will be 0.8 to
0.88 are obtained at 80 to 90% of full load.

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 Electrical Machines

61. Ans: (b)

Solution: Induction generator will be delivering power to the bus but to generate flux it will
consume reactive power from the bus.

62. Ans: 25
Solution: In a 3 in the slip at which maximum torque occurred is break down slip (sm)
R
sm  2
X2
R2
Given X 2  2R 2   0.5  sm
X2
Rotor frequency f2  smf1  50  0.5  25Hz
The rotor frequency required when maximum torque at starting = 25Hz
 f2 
f2  Sf1  f1  ; f1  f2 s=1 starting
 s 

63. Ans: (b)

Solution: The motor A have more air gap, there by the reluctance offered to the mutual flux
is more i.e, more magnetizing mmf and therefore more magnetizing current. In induction
motors, the magnetizing current forms considerable portion of no load current. The Imagn
more there by no load power factor is low. Hence motor A draws more current, operates at
poor no load power factor as well full power factor than motor B.

64. Ans: (c)

Solution: In a double cage induction motor, stator is same as like that of single cage
induction motor. The difference lies in rotor, the rotor has two cages outer cage holds high
resistance, and low leakage reactance winding and inner case contains a low resistance and
high leakage reactance winding. Due to low reactance of outer bars starting current is
restricted to outer cage and due to its high resistance it produces high starting torque. The
outer winding bars are usually of manganese brass while the inner winding bars are of red
copper.

65. Ans: (c)

Solution:
Rotor Resistance control:
This method of speed control has characteristics similar to those of dc shunt motors
controlled by means of resistance in series with armature. Its draw backs are lower efficiency
and poor speed regulation due to increase in rotor resistance. Because of convenience and
simplicity it is often employed when speed is to be reduced for a short period only.

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 Electrical Machines

Voltage injection method:

In this method, the speed of an induction motor is controlled by injecting a voltage of slip
frequency in the secondary circuit. It is costlier due to needs of auxiliary machines for
injecting emf of slip-frequency in the secondary circuit and used with motors very large
rating, such as for motors in rolling mills.

By changing number of poles:

This methods is generally not applicable to slip ring motors as in such machines this method
would involve considerable complications of design and switching, since the inter
connections of both primary and secondary would have to be changed simultaneously.

66. Ans: (c)

67. Ans: 36
180 E2
Solution: We have Tmax   2  Tmax  E22  E12  V12
2Ns 2  2
Tmax  V12 and V2  0.8V1
Tmax V12
1
  Tmax  0.64Tmax1
Tmax V22 2
2

i.e.,maximum torque is reduced by 36%

68. Ans: 190 to 191

R 2 0.3
Solution: Slip at maximum torque occurs will be given by sm    0.15
X2 2
Tst 2 2
   0.2934
Tmax sm 1 0.15 1
 
1 sm 1 0.15
Tst  0.2934  Tmax  190.71 Nm

69. Ans: 89 to 91
50  120
Solution: Ns   1000 rpm
6
1000  975
Slip s   0.025
1000
Rotor input  40  1  39 kW
Rotor copper loses = Slip  Rotor input = 0.025  39  103 = 975 W
Rotor output = 39(1  s) = 39  0.975 = 38.025 kW
Shaft output = 38.025 – 2 =36.02s
output 36.025
   100  90%
input 40

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 Electrical Machines

70. Ans: 875

0.2
Solution: sm   0.125;
1.6
120  50
Ns   1000
6
Speed of max torque  Ns (1  s)  1000(1  0.125)  875 rpm

71. Ans: 894 to 896

420
Solution: E s  2f  K wNph  2  50  0.96   30  10 3  895 V
3

72. Ans: (b)

73. Ans: (a)

Solution: Speed of synchronous generator is greater than synchronous speed and thus the
slip of generator is negative.

74.Ans: (a)
0.2
Solution: sm   0.125
1.6
120  50
Ns   1000
6
3 E2
2
3  60 141.912
Tmax   =180.31 N-m
s 2X 2 2  1000 2  1.6
Tfl 2s s
 2 m fl 2
Tmax sm  sfl
2  0.125  0.06
Tfl  180.28   140.66 Nm
0.1252  0.062

75. Ans: 84
420
Solution: E s  2  K wNplus   2  50  0.96   30  10 3  895.104 V
3
Es 2  K wNphs  895.104 Nphs
  
Er 2  K wNphr  177 s  Nphr
at stand still s = 1
 420 
Nphs     140
 3 
Nphr  28 turns
 Nr  28  3  84 turns

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 Electrical Machines

76. Ans: (b)

Solution: Tst  V1
2

  V 2 
  11  
V 2
 2  T
Tst2  Tst1  122  Tst1    2    st1
V11  V11  4
 
 
77. Ans: (a)
Solution: Short-circuit test in an Induction Motor is also called as Blocked Rotor Test so it is
conducted at zero speed.

78. Ans: 600

1000  600
Solution: s   0.4
1000
slip frequency  0.4  50  20 Hz
120  f 120  20
Ns    600 rpm
p 4

79. Ans: 2
Solution: Rotor Ohmic Loss = Air Gap Power – Mechanical Developed Power = 10-8 = 2kW

80. Ans: (a)

81. Ans: (d)

Solution: Starting current flows through the outer cage which has higher resistance and
hence starting current is lower.

82. Ans: (b)

fr 1.5
Solution: slip    0.03
f 50
120  f 120  50
ns    750 rpm
p 8
nr  ns (1  s)  750  0.03  750  728 rpm

83. Ans: (d)

84. Ans: (b)

Solution: Skewing decreases noise and parasitic torque but it also improves Starting Torque
and Pull out torque.

85. Ans: (a)

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 Electrical Machines

We recommend you to take the Chapter Test first and then check
the Solutions.

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 Electrical Machines

Chapter Test Solutions

1. Ans: (a)
Solution: a  m    90o

 X  Xc  1 Xm
 
tan1  a   tan    90
o
 m is lagging angle
 R a  R
 m
 5  Xc  1  4 
tan1    tan    90
o

 8  8
 
 5  Xc 
tan1    116.56
 8 
5  Xc
 2 =>X c  21
8
1 1
 21 =>C   151.57 F
2fC 2  50  21

2. Ans: (b)
Solution: R 2  0.1, X20  0.92
R2 0.1
sTmax    0.1086
X 20 0.92
sfl  3%  0.03
Tfl 2S S 2  0.03  0.1086
 2 fl Tmax   0.5129
Tmax S fl  S Tmax
2
0.032  0.10862

3. Ans: (b)
3E22 (2)
Solution: At starting s  1, Touter  Torque due to outer cage =
ws 22  12 
3E22 (0.2)
Tinner  Torque due to inner cage
ws 0.22  52 
Touter 2  25.04
  50.08
Tinner 5  0.2

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 Electrical Machines

4. Ans: (a)
2
Starting torque  Ist 
Solution: =  sfl  52  0.05  1.25
Full load torque  Ifl 

5. Ans: (b)
Solution: With actual speeds  s
s   s 
slip  2
s
2000 200
I    84.30  39.8  84.3o A
1 0.25  25
 j5
2

6. Ans: (a)
Solution: Between any two conductors carrying current in opposite directions there is a pole
induced and if both conductors carry current in same direction there is no pole induced.
For given current direction the poles induced are as shown:

So, there are a total of 8poles induced as first and last pole are one since the winding will
actually be cylindrical instead of planar so if we roll the winding those two poles will
coincide.
If we reverse the current distribution in a and d the currents look like:

With the new current distribution, number of poles = 4

(Note: This is a method of speed control called pole changing)

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 Electrical Machines

7. Ans: (d)
Solution: Reactive power drawn by induction motor
QI.M. = 2000  0.6 = 1200 kVAR
Reactive power supplied by condenser
QC = -1500  sin(cos-1 0.6)
Total power = 0 kVAR (unity p.f.)

8. Ans: (c)
I 
Solution: st  x2  sc  Sflfl => 0.4fl  x2 5  0.035fl
2

 Ifl 
0.4
x2   0.457
5  0.035
2

x  0.676
Current drawn from the supply=x2 Isc  0.457  5  I fl  2.28 Ifl

9. Ans: (d)
Solution: Ts  1.5Tf ; Tmax  2Tf

r2
For maximum torque, smT 
x2
Ts 1.5Tf 2smT
 
Tmax 2Tf 1  smT
2

i.e. 1.5 smT

2
 4smT  1.5  0
smT  0.45

10. Ans: (c)

Solution: R1  r1  r '2 and X1  x1  x'2
The copper loss obtained during blocked rotor test = 2100 kW
i.e., 3I12R1  2100
2100
R1   3.1  / phase
3 15
2

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 Electrical Machines

R1 3.1
 r2'    1.6  / ph
2 2
200
The impedance Z1 (referred to stator)=  7.7  / ph
3  15

7.7   3.1
2 2
X1  x1  x'2  7 
X1
 x'2   3.5 
2
(1970 rpm, s = 0.03; 800 rpm, s = 0.2)
3 V12 R 2 '/ s 
T
s R  R '/ s 2   X  X ' 2
th 2 th 2

3 V12 1.6 / 0.03  3 V12 R 2 '/ 0.2 


s 1.6  1.6 / 0.03 2  3.5  3.5 2 s 1.6  R '/ 0.2 2  3.5  3.5 2
2

R 2'=10.8 
R ext  10.8  1.6  9.2 

11. Ans: (b)

120  f
Solution: 375 
16
375  16
f  50Hz
120

sin m
Kd  2

msin
2
144
Slots per pole = 9
16
144
Slots per pole per phase = 3
16  3
180o
  20o
Slots per pole
0.5
Kd   0.96
3  0.174
144  10
z = number of conductor in series per phase=  480
3
480
Eph  4.44  0.96  0.03   50  1530 V
2
Eline  3 Eph  2650 V

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 Electrical Machines

12. Ans: (c)

120  50
Solution: ns   750 rpm
8
2  750
s   78.54 rad/s
60
n  710 rpm
750  710
s  0.053
750
Electrical power input = 35 kW
stator copper loss = 1.2 kW
 power across air-gap,
PG  35  1.2  33.8 kW
Gross Torque in synchronous watts = 33.8  103 W
33.8  103
Tgross   430.4 Nm
78.54

13. Ans: (c)

120  50
Solution: ns   1500 rpm
4
1500  1425
s  0.05
1500
sb  2  0.05  1.95

14. Ans: (b)

Solution: In figure, I 
 2500   83.15  176.2
o
o

 3  j0.2
Active power = Re 2500o  83.15  176.2o   250  83.15  cos176.2o
Delivered by the supply =  20741.8 W
 This can also be calculated as I2  3  W 
 
Lagging respective power delivered by the supply = Im 2500o  83.15176.2 
 250  83.15  sin176.2o  1377.7 VAR
This can be also calculated I2 (0,2) VAR
The supply delivers negative active power or receives active power.
It delivers positive lagging reactive power.
The machine acts as an induction generator.

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 Electrical Machines

15. Ans: (b)

Solution: An induction motor at any load will accelerate from its initial position, if starting
torque is more than load torque. In option (B) the load torque is more than starting torque,
therefore motor will not start, thereby no question of operating point.

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