CEE5470 Abdullah Al Rufaydah HW#5

in
ORIGIN ≔ 1 g = 386.089 ―
s2
from HW#4 Ie ≔ 1.0 S1 ≔ 0.7 g SDS ≔ 1.26 g

Sa.0.5sec ≔ 1.0 g Sa.0.75sec ≔ 0.76 g Sa.1.0sec ≔ 0.62 g mult. period response spectrum

Rmom ≔ 8 Cd.mom ≔ 5.5 Ωo.mom ≔ 3 for steel special moment frame

Rbr ≔ 6 Cd.br ≔ 5 Ωo.br ≔ 2 for steel special concentrically braced frame

heights (above ground) and seismic weights f each story:

2nd Floor h ≔ 16 ft W ≔ 2300 kip
1 1

3rd Floor h ≔ 16 ft + h = 32 ft W ≔ 2200 kip

2 1 2

4th Floor h ≔ 16 ft + h = 48 ft W ≔ 2200 kip

3 2 3

low roof h ≔ 16 ft + h = 64 ft W ≔ 1600 kip

4 3 4

upper roof h ≔ 16 ft + h = 80 ft W ≔ 450 kip

5 4 5

No. of stories NFL ≔ rows ((h)) = 5

NFL
total hn ≔ h = 80 ft Wtot ≔ ∑ W = 8750 kip
rows ((h)
) k
k=1

QUESTION (1): Seismic base shear and vertical distribution using ELF method
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CEE5470 Abdullah Al Rufaydah HW#5

QUESTION (1): Seismic base shear and vertical distribution using ELF method

(a) For special steel moment frame, calculate seismic base shear (along x-direction)

find the approximate fundamental period (mode1) using ASCE7-22 eq.12.8-8:

from ASCE7-22 Table12.8-2 (steel special moment frame) Ct.mom ≔ 0.028 xmom ≔ 0.8
⎛ hn ⎞ xmom
Ta.mom ≔ Ct.mom ⋅ ⎜―⎟ ⋅ sec = 0.932 sec
⎝ ft ⎠
find the spectral acceleration from (HW#4):
Sa.1.0sec - Sa.0.75sec
Sa.mom ≔ Sa.0.75sec + ――――――⋅ ⎛⎝Ta.mom - 0.75 sec⎞⎠ = 0.658 g
1.00 sec - 0.75 sec
find the seismic response coefficient:
Sa.mom
Cs.mom ≔ ――― = 0.082 g
Rmom
――
Ie
check minimum Cs from ASCE7-22 Eq.12.8-6 and Eq. 12.8-7:

Cs.min.1 ≔ 0.044 ⋅ SDS ⋅ Ie = 0.055 g

Cs.min.2 ≔ 0.01 g

Cs.min.3.mom ≔ ‖ if S1 ≥ 0.6 g| | = 0.044 g

‖ ||
‖ ‖ 0.5 ⋅ S1 | |
‖ ‖ ―――| |
‖ ‖ Rmom | |
‖ ‖ ―― Ie ||
‖ ‖ ||
‖ else ||
‖ ‖0 g || |
‖ ‖ |
Cs.mom ≔ max ⎛⎝Cs.mom , Cs.min.1 , Cs.min.2 , Cs.min.3.mom⎞⎠ = 0.082 g

find seismic shear:

Wtot
Vx ≔ Cs.mom ⋅ ―― = 719.493 kip
g

(b) For special steel concentrically braced frame, calculate seismic base shear (along y-direction)
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CEE5470 Abdullah Al Rufaydah HW#5

(b) For special steel concentrically braced frame, calculate seismic base shear (along y-direction)

find the approximate fundamental period (mode1) using ASCE7-22 eq.12.8-8:

from ASCE7-22 Table12.8-2 (steel special conc. braced frame) Ct.br ≔ 0.02 xbr ≔ 0.75
⎛ hn⎞ xbr
Ta.br ≔ Ct.br ⋅ ⎜―⎟ ⋅ sec = 0.535 sec
⎝ ft ⎠
find the spectral acceleration from (HW#4):
Sa.0.75sec - Sa.0.5sec
Sa.br ≔ Sa.0.5sec + ―――――― ⋅ ⎛⎝Ta.br - 0.5 sec⎞⎠ = 0.966 g
0.75 sec - 0.5 sec
find the seismic response coefficient:
Sa.br
Cs.br ≔ ―― = 0.161 g
Rbr
――
Ie
check minimum Cs from ASCE7-22 Eq.12.8-6 and Eq. 12.8-7 (only 3rd limit changes):

Cs.min.3.br ≔ ‖ if S1 ≥ 0.6 g| | = 0.058 g

‖ ||
‖ ‖ 0.5 ⋅ S1 | |
‖ ‖ ―――| |
‖ ‖ Rbr ||
‖ ‖ ―― Ie ||
‖ ‖ ||
‖ else ||
‖ ‖0 g || |
‖ ‖ |
Cs.br ≔ max ⎛⎝Cs.br , Cs.min.1 , Cs.min.2 , Cs.min.3.br⎞⎠ = 0.161 g

find seismic shear:

Wtot
Vy ≔ Cs.br ⋅ ―― = 1409.344 kip
g

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CEE5470 Abdullah Al Rufaydah HW#5

(c) For special moment frame, calculate lateral force at each story (vertical
distribution using ELF)

K ((T)) ≔ ‖ if T ≤ 0.5 sec ||

‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ 1.00 ||
‖ else if 0.5 sec ≤ T ≤ 2.5 sec ||
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ 2-1 |
‖ ‖ 1 + ―――――― ⋅ ((T - 0.5 sec)) | |
2.5 sec - 0.5 sec |
‖ ‖ ||
‖ else ||
‖ ‖ 2.00 || |
‖ ‖ |

kmom ≔ K ⎛⎝Ta.mom⎞⎠ = 1.216

⎛ W ⎛ h ⎞ kmom⎞
NFL
⎜ i ⎜ i⎟ ⎟
ΣWh ≔ ∑ ⎜―― ⋅ ⎜―⎟ ⎟ = 804396.822
i=1 ⎝ kip ⎝ ft ⎠ ⎠

n ≔ 1 ‥ NFL

W ⎛ h ⎞ kmom
n ⎜ n⎟
―― ⋅ ―
kip ⎜⎝ ft ⎟⎠
Cv.mom ≔ ―――――
n ΣWh

Fx ≔ Cv.mom ⋅ Vx
n n

⎡ 59.947 ⎤
2ndfloor
⎢ 133.226 ⎥ NFL
⎢ ⎥
Fx = ⎢ 218.15 ⎥ kip Vx - ∑ Fx = 0 kip CHECK
i
⎢ 225.116 ⎥
i=1

⎢⎣ 83.055 ⎥⎦
upperroof

QUESTION (2): Horizontal distribution of loads

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CEE5470 Abdullah Al Rufaydah HW#5

QUESTION (2): Horizontal distribution of loads

(a) Determine how the diaphragms can be analyzed

Check if floors it can be classified as rigid diaphragms (ASCE7-22 Sec. 12.3.1):

Ÿ Concrete slab on metal deck (OK)

Ÿ L/h < 3.00 ? yes (OK) 209 ft

largest L/h= ―――― = 3.552
58.833 ft
Ÿ From HW#4, the building has a horizontal
struct. irregularity#3 (NG)

Floor is classified as a semi-rigid diaphragm.

Check if roof it can be classified as a flexible diaphragm (ASCE7-22 Sec. 12.3.1):

Ÿ Untopped metal deck (OK)

Ÿ Steel braced frames (OK, in the N-S direction)

Roof cannot be classified as a flexible diaphragm.

(b) For 3rd floor, use rigid diaphragm analysis to distribute the seismic story force
in the E-W direction to each frame Non-Commercial Use Only
CEE5470 Abdullah Al Rufaydah HW#5

(b) For 3rd floor, use rigid diaphragm analysis to distribute the seismic story force
in the E-W direction to each frame

Dimensions of the diaphragm:

Lx ≔ 208.67 ft Ly ≔ 72.833 ft

locate the center of mass (COM) for the diaphragm (reference is the bottom left corner):
Lx Ly
XCOM ≔ ―= 104.335 ft YCOM ≔ ―= 36.417 ft
2 2

kip
locate the center of rigidity (COR) for the diaphragm: R ≔ 1 ――
in
stiffnesses (and coordinates) of moment frames (aligned with x-axis):

using MASTAN2, we can obtain the stiffness of the 3rd floor of the moment frame next page
kip kip kip
Rx.3rd ≔ 1340.76 ―― Rx.3rd ≔ 1340.76 ―― Rx.3rd ≔ 1340.76 ――
1 in 2 in 3 in
Y ≔ 14 ft Y ≔ 45 ft Y ≔ 72.833 ft
1 2 3

Number of moment frames NFx ≔ rows ((Y)) = 3

NFx
∑ Rx.3rd ⋅ Y
k k
k=1
YCOR ≔ ―――――
NFx
= 43.944 ft
∑ Rx.3rd
k
k=1

stiffnesses (and coordinates) of braced frames (aligned with y-axis):

using MASTAN2, we can obtain the stiffness of the 3rd floor of the braced frame
next page
kip kip
Ry.3rd ≔ 2440.35 ―― Ry.3rd ≔ 2440.35 ――
1 in 2 in
X ≔ 0 ft X ≔ Lx = 208.67 ft
1 2

Number of braced frames NFy ≔ rows ((X)) = 2

NFy
∑ Ry.3rd ⋅ X
k k
k=1
XCOR ≔ ―――――
NFy
= 104.335 ft
∑ Ry.3rd
k
k=1

inherent eccentricities:

ex ≔ XCOM - XCOR = 0 ft ey ≔ YCOM - YCOR = -7.52783 ft

Note, since there is no horizontal structural irregularity#1 (from HW#4), we do

not need to consider accidental torsion.

For shear force applied at the 3rd floor along the x-direction (E-W):
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stissofstory
Notes and assump ons of the structural models for moment frames and braced frames:

a. Pinned base.
b. In moment frames, beams are con nuous at column intersec ons (flexural rigid connec ons).
c. In braced frames, beams are simply supported at column intersec ons (moment release at
ends).
d. In braced frames, braces are truss elements (moment release at ends and no transverse loads
applied).
e. Columns are con nuous over the full height.

How to obtain a story s ffness (2nd story) for the rigid diaphragm analysis of the 3 rd floor?

a. Apply ar ficial lateral restraints for all nodes of the 2nd floor (roller supports).
b. Apply a unit lateral load (or any value) at each node of the 3 rd floor.
c. The 2nd story s ffness is calculated as the total lateral load divided by the average lateral nodal
displacement of the nodes of the 3rd floor.

yip
apply a unit
load ateach
node
ol's ol's ol's ol's ol's ol's ol's ok restrain
x translation

pip

ok ok ok
CEE5470 Abdullah Al Rufaydah HW#5

For shear force applied at the 3rd floor along the x-direction (E-W):

Fx.3rd ≔ Fx = 133.226 kip

2

i ≔ 1 ‥ NFx

calculate the portion of shear force resisted by the "ith" moment frame through direct shear:

Rx.3rd
i
Vx.3rd.direct ≔ Fx.3rd ⋅ ――――
NFx
i
∑ Rx.3rd
k
k=1
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ 44.40851 ⎤
Vx.3rd.direct ⎢ 0.33333 ⎥
―――― = 0.33333 Vx.3rd.direct = ⎢ 44.40851 ⎥ kip
Fx.3rd ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ 0.33333 ⎦ ⎣ 44.40851 ⎦

calculate the portion of shear force resisted by the "ith" moment frame through torsion:

Rx.3rd ⋅ ⎛Y - YCOR⎞
i ⎝ i ⎠
Vx.3rd.torsion ≔ Fx.3rd ⋅ ⎛⎝ey⎞⎠ ⋅ ―――――――――――――――――
NFx NFy
i
∑ ⎛Rx.3rd ⋅ ⎛Y - YCOR⎞ 2 ⎞ + ∑ ⎛Ry.3rd ⋅ ⎛X - XCOR⎞ 2 ⎞
k=1 ⎜ ⎠ ⎟⎠ k=1 ⎜⎝ ⎠ ⎟⎠
k ⎝ k k ⎝ k
⎝
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ 0.7261 ⎤
Vx.3rd.torsion ⎢ 0.00545 ⎥
―――― = -0.00019 Vx.3rd.torsion = ⎢ -0.0256 ⎥ kip
Fx.3rd ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ -0.00526 ⎦ ⎣ -0.70051 ⎦

calculate the total shear force resisted by the "ith" moment frame:

Vx.3rd ≔ Vx.3rd.direct + Vx.3rd.torsion

i i i

⎡ ⎤
Vx.3rd ⎢ 0.339 ⎥
⎡ 45.135 ⎤ moment fr I
――= 0.333 distribution of E-W 3rd floor ⎢ ⎥
Vx.3rd = 44.383 kip momentfu2
Fx.3rd ⎢ 0.328 ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ force to moment frames ⎣ 43.708 ⎦ moment fr 3

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CEE5470 Abdullah Al Rufaydah HW#5

j ≔ 1 ‥ NFy

calculate the portion of shear force resisted by the "jth" braced frame through direct shear:

Vy.3rd.direct ≔ 0 kip
j

Vy.3rd.direct ⎡ 0 ⎤
―――― =⎢ ⎥ braced frames (along y-direction) take forces due to
Fx.3rd ⎣0⎦ torsion only

calculate the portion of shear force resisted by the "jth" braced frame through torsion:

Ry.3rd ⋅ ⎛X - XCOR⎞
j ⎝ j ⎠
Vy.3rd.torsion ≔ Fx.3rd ⋅ ⎛⎝ey⎞⎠ ⋅ ―――――――――――――――――
NFx NFy
j
∑ ⎛Rx.3rd ⋅ ⎛Y - YCOR⎞ 2 ⎞ + ∑ ⎛Ry.3rd ⋅ ⎛X - XCOR⎞ 2 ⎞
k=1 ⎜ ⎠ ⎟⎠ k=1 ⎜⎝ ⎠ ⎟⎠
k ⎝ k k ⎝ k
⎝
Vy.3rd.torsion ⎡ 0.03456 ⎤ ⎡ 4.60485 ⎤
―――― =⎢ Vy.3rd.torsion = ⎢ kip
Fx.3rd ⎣ -0.03456 ⎥⎦ ⎣ -4.60485 ⎥⎦

calculate the total shear force resisted by the "jth" braced frame:

Vy.3rd ≔ Vy.3rd.direct + Vy.3rd.torsion

j j j

Vy.3rd ⎡ 0.035 ⎤ ⎡ 4.605 ⎤ braced fr I

――= ⎢ distribution of E-W 3rd floor Vy.3rd = ⎢ kip
Fx.3rd ⎣ -0.035 ⎥⎦ force to braced frames ⎣ -4.605 ⎥⎦ braced fr 2

(c) For 3rd floor, use flexible diaphragm analysis to distribute the seismic story
force in the E-W direction to each frameNon-Commercial Use Only
CEE5470 Abdullah Al Rufaydah HW#5

(c) For 3rd floor, use flexible diaphragm analysis to distribute the seismic story
force in the E-W direction to each frame

flexible diaphragm analysis

force in the E W direction at 3 floor 133.23 Kip FX

total area 208.67 A 72.834 AT
tributary area for moment frame 1 1295411208.6741 A
n 2 29 424 208.67ft Az
n 3 13.92 A 208.67A Az
208.674
1
moment frames

27.834 COR

31ft
ip
on
É 72.834
AO É
144

Moment frames
o V
4 Fx3rd 31 3
Fx3rd 0.405431 54 Kip
2
Fx3rd
At
0.404 Eze 53.8kg
V2 3 3rd

Fx3rd É 2Ikip
Af
0.191
V3 3rd Eze

Braced Frames
all braced frame have 11 0 aligned with N S direction

QUESTION (3): Story drifts

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CEE5470 Abdullah Al Rufaydah HW#5

QUESTION (3): Story drifts

(a) Determine whether the story drifts in the steel moment frame are sufficiently
small according to ASCE 7-22.
Assume that the E-W force applied at each floor is distributed to the moment and braced
frames in a way similar to the 3rd floor distribution (from rigid diaphragm analysis).

Now, find the forces acting on each story of the moment frame obtained from Q(2)
part (b). Note that the bottom moment frame is the critical one.

⎡ 59.947 ⎤
Vx.3rd ⎢ 133.226 ⎥
1
⎢ ⎥
――― = 0.339 Fx = ⎢ 218.15 ⎥ kip
Fx.3rd
⎢ 225.116 ⎥
⎢⎣ 83.055 ⎥⎦

⎡ 20.31 ⎤
Vx.3rd ⎢ 45.13 ⎥
1
⎢ ⎥
Fx.MomFrame1 ≔ ――― ⋅ Fx Fx.MomFrame1 = ⎢ 73.91 ⎥ kip
Fx.3rd
⎢ 76.27 ⎥
⎢⎣ 28.14 ⎥⎦

From 1st-order static analysis using MASTAN2, we obtain the following

elastic drifts at each story of the moment frame
28.14k
elastic drifts from MASTAN2
76.27
⎡ 0.6942 in ⎤
⎢ 0.9471 in ⎥ 73.9
⎢ ⎥
Δel ≔ ⎢ 1.315 in ⎥
45.13
⎢ 1.591 in ⎥
⎢⎣ 1.672 in ⎥⎦
20.31
inelastic drifts
⎡ 3.818 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
Δel ⋅ Cd.mom ⎢ 5.209 ⎥
Δinel ≔ ――――= ⎢ 7.233 ⎥ in
Ie
⎢ 8.751 ⎥
⎢⎣ 9.196 ⎥⎦

inelastic story drifts

⎡ 3.818 ⎤
⎢ 1.391 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
Δinel.story ≔ ‖ if n ＝ 1 || Δinel.story = ⎢ 2.023 ⎥ in
n ‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ Δineln || ⎢ 1.518 ⎥
‖ ‖ || ⎢⎣ 0.445 ⎥⎦
‖ else ||
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ Δineln - Δineln - 1 | |
‖‖ ‖ | ||

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CEE5470 Abdullah Al Rufaydah HW#5

story height and allowable drifts (ASCE7-22 Table 12.12-1 2% story drift):
⎡ 16 ⎤
⎢ 16 ⎥
‖ | | ⎢ ⎥
hstory ≔ if n ＝ 1 hstory = ⎢ 16 ⎥ ft
n ‖ ‖ | |
‖ ‖ hn || ⎢ 16 ⎥
‖ ‖ || ⎢⎣ 16 ⎥⎦
‖ else | |
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ hn - hn - 1 | |
‖ ‖ ||

⎡ 3.84 ⎤
2 story drift ⎢ 3.84 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
Δstory.limit ≔ 0.02 ⋅ hstory Δstory.limit = ⎢ 3.84 ⎥ in
n n
⎢ 3.84 ⎥
⎢⎣ 3.84 ⎥⎦

⎡ “OK” ⎤
⎢ “OK” ⎥
⎢ ⎥
checkdrift ≔ ‖ if Δinel.story ≤ Δstory.limit | | checkdrift = ⎢ “OK” ⎥
n ‖ n n| |
‖ ‖ || ⎢ “OK” ⎥
‖ ‖ “OK” || ⎢⎣ “OK” ⎥⎦
‖ else ||
‖ ‖ ||
‖‖ ‖ “NG” | ||

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CEE5470 Abdullah Al Rufaydah HW#5

(b) Check P-delta coefficient at the first story of the moment frame

Check I A Coefficient at 1ststory of the moment frame

stability Coefficient O B hsn

x Axe
vertical design load above the 1st story from Hw 41
Floor
area 1208.67 A1 72 834 1519742
live load 125 psf take Max Storage from drawing

Partition 15 Psf
dead load 77 psf
low Roof
2
area 15197 A
line load 30 psf
snow 30 psf

Partition 15 psf

dead load 38 psf

Upperroof
area 12 15197 7600 A2 assume half the floor
Live load 30 Psf
snow 30 psf
dead load 38Psf
storyheight bpueifidifter
Exterior Wall a
area 4 floors X 1641 563 A 36032 A
weight 62.5 psf
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as I 15197441125ps ft 15psf 77psf 3 floors
1519742 30 PSF 3085ft 15psf138ps 1 low roof
760044 30 psf 30 psf 138psf I I upper roof I
3603242 62.5 psf

14607 Kip

Story height hsx 164 192 in

total building shear at 1st story 1 719.5 Kip fromQ 1 a
inelastic drift at 1st story A 3 82 in

O
14607 Kip 192 in
0.404 109
719.5 Kip 3.82 in
We donot need to consider Ra effect
Question 41
a Redundancy factor for moment frame
seismic design category D from HW 4
from ASCE7 Section 12.3.4.2
22 default value 1.3
Two bays in each direction
we can use 7 1.00
bl Redundancy factor for braced frame
Similar to part cat
7 1.00
a Draw the most loaded moment frame with design forces
most loaded moment frame is along solum line D
tributary width for gravity loads 29.5 A
sample of calculation
2dfoor
DL TTPSF 29.5A 62.5psf 16A 3.27 Klf

1125psf 15 psf 29.5 A 4.13 Klf

DL 2.12 Klf Lr 1 33145 5 0.89 Klf

DL 2 12 Klf LL 1.33 Klf

PL 3 27147 L 4.13 kef

73.91k
iii iii
u v u v u v a

DL 3.27 Klf LL 4.13 Klf

w u v u v u v u a

DL 3.27KIF LL 4.13 Klf

 d list the relevant load combination

o for ductile mechanism elements plastic hinges in momentframes

and braces in braced frames use
L L 6 1.2 Dt Eu Eh L t 0.15
L C 7 0.9 D Ev t En

o For strength Controlled elements elements other than ductile mechanism

L C 6 1 2D Eu Emh L 0.155
overstrength Emh includes
f
LC on D E Emh
OR
L C 6 1 2D Eu Eat L 0.15
capacity design
c c y 0.9 D Ev tech