1st QUARTER READING MATERIAL

Subject: English Grade: 9 Date: November, 2023

Name: ____________________________________________________ Section _____
Set by: Tesfamariam Kassahun
CHAPTER ONE: LIVING IN URBAN AREA

Vocabularies related to Living in Urban Areas:

A. Metropolis: A large, bustling city characterized by its economic, cultural, and social significance.
→ Example: New York City is considered a metropolis, attracting people from around the world with its vibrant
energy and diverse opportunities.
B. Urbanization: The process of the growth and development of cities, including the increase in population and
infrastructure.
→ Example: The rapid urbanization of Shanghai has transformed it into a global economic powerhouse.
C. Skyscraper: A tall, multi-story building that is a common sight in urban areas.
→ Example: The Burj Khalifa in Dubai is an iconic skyscraper that stands as the tallest building in the world.
D. Congestion: Heavy traffic or overcrowding on the streets and public transport systems.
→ Example: The morning rush hour in London often leads to severe congestion on the roads and crowded trains.
E. Commute: The regular journey made by individuals from their homes to workplaces in urban areas.
→ Example: Many people in urban areas spend hours each day commuting to work, often using public
transportation.
F. Infrastructure: The basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed in a city, such as roads,
bridges, and public transportation systems.
→ Example: The city invested in improving its infrastructure by constructing new highways and expanding the
public transit network.
G. Pollution: The presence or introduction of harmful substances or contaminants into the environment, often
associated with urban areas.
→ Example: The air pollution in some urban areas is a major concern due to high levels of vehicle emissions and
industrial activities.
H. Urban sprawl: The unplanned and uncontrolled expansion of cities into surrounding areas, often resulting in the
loss of green spaces and natural habitats.
→ Example: The urban sprawl in the suburbs led to the conversion of farmland into housing developments.
I. Gentrification: The process of renovating and improving urban areas, often leading to increased property values
and the displacement of lower-income residents.
→ Example: The neighbourhood underwent gentrification, with old buildings being renovated into trendy cafes
and upscale apartments.
J. High-rise: A tall building or structure with many floors, typically found in urban city centres.
→ Example: The city skyline is dominated by high-rise buildings, symbolizing its modernity and urban lifestyle.

Idioms and Phrases related to Living in Urban Areas:

K. Concrete jungle: Refers to a city or urban area characterized by its dense population, tall buildings, and lack of
green spaces.
→ Example: Many people feel suffocated in the concrete jungle of Manhattan, longing for the tranquillity of nature.
L. Rat race: Describes the competitive and stressful nature of living and working in a city, where individuals are
constantly striving for success and financial security.
→ Example: John felt burnt out from the rat race of his corporate job and decided to pursue a simpler life in a rural
area.
M. City that never sleeps: A phrase often used to describe a bustling urban area where activities and businesses
operate around the clock.
→ Example: New York City is known as the city that never sleeps, with its vibrant nightlife and 24-hour services.
N. On the grid: Refers to being connected to the urban infrastructure, such as electricity, water, and public
transportation systems.

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→ Example: Living on the grid ensures access to essential services and amenities in urban areas.
O. Urban renewal: The process of revitalizing and improving urban areas through renovation, redevelopment, or
restoration projects.
→ Example: The government invested in urban renewal initiatives to breathe new life into neglected
neighbourhoods.
P. Rush hour: The peak period of heavy traffic congestion during mornings and evenings when people are
commuting to and from work.
→ Example: During rush hour, it’s best to avoid driving and opt for public transportation to avoid getting stuck in
traffic.
Q. Concrete paradise: A sarcastic phrase used to describe an urban area that lacks natural beauty or green spaces.
→ Example: Some people find solace in escaping the concrete paradise of the city and seeking refuge in parks or
gardens.
R. Up and coming: Describes a neighbourhood or area that is undergoing positive changes and development, often
becoming more desirable for living or investing.
→ Example: The up-and-coming neighbourhood has attracted young professionals with its trendy restaurants and
affordable housing options.
S. Melting pot: Refers to a diverse urban area where people of different cultures, backgrounds, and ethnicities
coexist and interact.
→ Example: New York City is a melting pot of cultures, with residents from around the world bringing their
traditions and cuisines.
T. City slicker: A term used to describe someone who is accustomed to and skilled in navigating the urban lifestyle.
→ Example: Sarah, a born and raised city slicker, effortlessly hailed a cab in the busy streets of downtown Chicago.

Exercise: Some exercises for sentence completion related to living in urban areas:
1. The rapid __________ in urban areas has led to increased demand for __________.
2. Living in a bustling metropolis can be __________, but it also offers __________.
3. The __________ in urban areas can result in __________ and longer __________.
4. Gentrification can bring about positive changes in a neighborhood, such as __________ and __________.
5. The __________ of skyscrapers in urban areas creates a __________ skyline.
6. Pollution in urban areas can have detrimental effects on __________ and __________.
7. Urban sprawl often results in the __________ of __________ and __________.
8. The __________ of public transportation systems is crucial for __________ in urban areas.
9. The concept of __________ is often associated with the fast-paced lifestyle of living in __________.
10. The high cost of living in urban areas can lead to __________ and __________.

Listening Skill
Listening skills: are crucial for effective communication and building strong relationships. Here are some strategies
and tips to improve your listening skills:
➢ Be present and attentive: Give your full attention to the speaker. Avoid distractions and focus on what they are
saying. Maintain eye contact and show genuine interest in their words.
➢ Practice active listening: Engage actively in the conversation by showing that you are listening and
understanding. Use verbal and non-verbal cues to indicate your attentiveness, such as nodding, smiling, and
using appropriate facial expressions.
➢ Avoid interrupting: Allow the speaker to finish their thoughts without interrupting. Avoid jumping in with your
own opinions or experiences until they have completed their message.
➢ Ask clarifying questions: If something is unclear or you need further information, ask relevant questions to gain
a better understanding. This shows that you are actively listening and seeking clarification.
➢ Paraphrase and summarize: Repeat or rephrase what the speaker has said to ensure that you have understood
correctly. Summarize the main points to demonstrate your comprehension & to clarify any misunderstandings.
➢ Show empathy and understanding: Put yourself in the speaker’s shoes and try to understand their perspective
and emotions. Show empathy by acknowledging their feelings and validating their experiences.

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➢ Practice patience: Be patient and avoid rushing the conversation. Allow the speaker to express themselves fully
without feeling rushed or interrupted.
➢ Minimize distractions: Find a quiet and comfortable environment for conversations to minimize external
distractions. Turn off or silence electronic devices to avoid interruptions.
➢ Reflect on your listening skills: Regularly reflect on your own listening abilities and identify areas for
improvement. Consider seeking feedback from others to gain insights into how well you listen and understand.
Remember, improving your listening skills takes practice and conscious effort. By implementing these strategies and
tips, you can enhance your ability to listen effectively and foster better communication with others.

Phrasal Verbs
Phrasal verbs are a combination of a verb and one or more particles (prepositions or adverbs) that together create
a new meaning. These verbs can be challenging for non-native English speakers because their meaning often
cannot be deduced from the individual words. Here is a brief note on phrasal verbs along with 10 examples:

Phrasal verbs consist of a main verb followed by one or more particles. The particle can come before or after the
object of the verb, resulting in different meanings. Phrasal verbs are commonly used in spoken and informal English,
adding variety and nuance to the language.
Examples of Phrasal Verbs:
→ Bring up: To raise or mention a topic in discussion.
✓ Example: She brought up the issue of increasing workload during the meeting.
→ Give up: To stop doing or attempting something.
✓ Example: After years of failed attempts, he finally gave up smoking.
→ Turn on: To activate or start a device or appliance.
✓ Example: Can you turn on the TV? I want to watch the news.
→ Take off: To remove clothing or depart quickly.
✓ Example: She took off her jacket before entering the warm room.
→ Look after: To take care of or be responsible for someone or something.
✓ Example: My sister looks after my pet dog while I’m on vacation.
→ Run out of: To use up or exhaust the supply of something.
✓ Example: We ran out of milk, so I need to buy some from the store.
→ Put off: To postpone or delay an event or plan.
✓ Example: The meeting has been put off until next week due to scheduling conflicts.
→ Get along: To have a good relationship or be on friendly terms with someone.
Example: Despite their differences, the siblings get along quite well.
→ Break down: To stop functioning or fail, often referring to machinery or systems.
✓ Example: The car broke down on the highway, and we had to call for assistance.
→ Look forward to: To anticipate or be excited about something in the future.
✓ Example: I’m looking forward to our vacation next month.
These are just a few examples of phrasal verbs. It’s important to note that the meaning of phrasal verbs can vary
depending on the context, so it’s crucial to consider the surrounding words and the intended message when using
or interpreting them.
Here are some sentence completion exercises based on the phrasal verbs mentioned above:
1. I need to __________ the issue of increasing workload during the team meeting.
2. After years of failed attempts, he finally decided to __________ smoking.
3. Can you please __________ the TV? I want to watch the news.
4. She entered the warm room and __________ her jacket.
5. While I’m on vacation, my sister will __________ my pet dog.
6. We used up all the milk and __________, so I need to buy some from the store.
7. Due to scheduling conflicts, the meeting has been __________ until next week.
8. Despite their differences, the siblings __________ quite well.
9. The car suddenly __________ on the highway, and we had to call for assistance.

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10. I’m eagerly __________ our vacation next month.

Tag questions
Tag questions: are short interrogative statements added to the end of a sentence. Here are the general rules for
constructing tag questions with examples:
1. Matching Subject and Tag: If the main clause has a positive subject, the tag que. uses a positive tag, & vice versa.
✓ Example: “You like coffee, don’t you?”
2. Negative Statement, Positive Tag: If the main clause is negative, the tag is positive.
✓ Example: “She isn’t coming, is she?”
3. Positive Statement, Negative Tag: If the main clause is positive, the tag is negative.
✓ Example: “He has finished his homework, hasn’t he?”
4. Auxiliary Verbs in Tags: Use the auxiliary verb from the main clause in the tag.
✓ Example: “They are playing, aren’t they?”
5. Imperative Statements: For imperative sentences, use a positive tag.
✓ Example: “Close the door, will you?”
6. Special Phrases (everyone, nobody, etc.): Use a positive tag with phrases like “everyone,” “nobody,” etc.
✓ Example: “Nobody knows, do they?”
7.” I am” or “I was” in Statements: For statements with “I am” or “I was,” use “am I?” or “wasn’t I?” in the tag.
✓ Example: “I am late, aren’t I?”
Remember that tag questions are used to seek confirmation or engage the listener in conversation. The structure of
the tag is influenced by the tone and content of the main statement.
8. One exceptional rule involves using “let” in the main clause:
Exception - Main Clause with “Let”: When the main clause begins with “let,” the tag question is formed
using “shall we?”
✓ Example: “Let’s go to the park, shall we?”
In this case, “shall we?” is a common and polite tag question used to make suggestions or invitations when the
main clause starts with “let.”
9. Another exceptional rule involving certain expressions indicating certainty or probability:
Exception – Expressions of Certainty or Probability: When the main clause includes expressions like “I’m
sure,” “I bet,” “I’m afraid,” etc., the tag question is formed with a positive tag.
✓ Example: “I’m sure she will come, won’t she?”
This exception occurs because the tag question is still seeking confirmation, aligning with the uncertainty implied
by the introductory expression.
10. Another exceptional rule related to using the phrase “there is” or “there are” in the main clause:
Exception – “There is” or “There are” in Main Clause: When the main clause begins with “there is” or “there
are,” the tag question typically uses the same structure, maintaining “is there?” or “are there?”
✓ Example: “There is a problem, isn’t there?”
In such cases, the tag question mirrors the structure of the initial “there is/are” construction in the main clause.
Another exceptional rule involving the use of “used to” in the main clause:
Exception – “Used To” in Main Clause: When the main clause includes the expression “used to,” the tag
question is formed using “didn’t/did used to” in the tag.
✓ Example: “She used to live here, didn’t she?”
This structure acknowledges the past habitual nature indicated by “used to” in the main clause.
Exception – Affirmative Statements with Strong Belief: In affirmative statements expressing a strong belief
or seeking agreement, a positive tag question is used.
✓ Example: “He’s the best, isn’t he?”

Exercises to practice constructing tag questions based on the rules and exceptions discussed:
Exercise 1: Matching Subjects and Tags Exercise 2: Negative Statement, Positive Tag
1. She likes ice cream, __________? 1. He never visits, __________?
2. They haven’t finished yet, __________? 2. It isn’t raining, __________?
3. We are going to the beach, __________? 3. You won’t tell anyone, __________?

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 Exercise 3: Imperative Statements Exercise 7: Expressions of Certainty or Probability
1. Close the window, __________? 1. I’m sure you’ll come, __________?
2. Don’t be late, __________? 2. I bet she knows, __________?
3. Let’s go for a walk, __________? 3. I’m afraid it’s true, __________?
Exercise 4: Special Phrases Exercise 8: “There is” or “There are”
1. Everybody enjoyed the movie, __________? 1. There is a solution, __________?
2. Nothing is impossible, __________? 2. There are many options, __________?
3. Nobody knows the answer, __________? 3. There is no need to worry, __________?
Exercise 5: “I am” or “I was” Exercise 9: “Used To” in Main Clause
1. I am correct, __________? 1. She used to play the piano, __________?
2. I was at the meeting, __________? 2. We used to visit that place, __________?
3. I’m not wrong, __________? 3. He used to be a teacher, __________?
Exercise 6: “Let” in the Main Clause Exercise 10: Affirmative Statements with Strong Belief
1. Let’s finish this, __________? 1. He’s an excellent chef, __________?
2. Let him know, __________? 2. This is the best solution, __________?
3. Let’s have dinner, __________? 3. It’s a beautiful day, __________?

Simple Present Tense

The Simple Present Tense is used to describe actions or situations that are habitual, general, or permanent. It is also
used to state facts, express preferences, and describe scheduled events. Here is a brief note on using the Simple
Present Tense, along with examples:
❖ Habitual Actions: I wake up at 7 am every morning. ❖ Permanent Situations: She lives in London.
✓ She brushes her teeth twice a day. ✓ They own a house in the countryside.
✓ They always go for a walk in the evening. ✓ He works as a teacher.
❖ General Truths: The sun rises in the east. ❖ Scheduled Events: The train leaves at 9 am tomorrow.
✓ Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius. ✓ The concert starts at 8 pm tonight.
✓ Cats are independent animals. ✓ The meeting takes place every Monday.
❖ Facts and Opinions: The Earth revolves around the sun.
I believe in treating others with kindness.
Dogs are loyal animals.
❖ Instructions and Directions: You mix the ingredients and bake the cake for 30 minutes.
The bus stops at the next corner.
You take the first left and then go straight ahead.
❖ Sports Commentary: He shoots and scores! The crowd goes wild.
She serves the ball and the opponent returns it.
❖ Narratives and Storytelling: Once upon a time, there is a princess who lives in a castle.
The protagonist embarks on a thrilling adventure.
It’s important to note that in the Simple Present Tense, the subject and verb agree in terms of person and number.
For third-person singular subjects (he, she, it), an ‘s’ or ‘es’ is added to the verb.
Example: He plays the guitar. - She walks to work. - It rains in the spring.
However, for plural subjects (we, you, they) and all other pronouns, the verb remains in its base form without any
additional endings.
Example: We play soccer on weekends. - You live in a big city. - They work together on the project.
Exercise: Rewrite the sentences in the Simple Present Tense.
1. He is playing the guitar. He __________ the guitar.
2. They are going to the park. They __________ to the park.
3. She is writing a letter. She __________ a letter.
4. We are studying for the exam. We __________ for the exam.
5. He is cooking dinner. He __________ dinner.
6. They are watching a movie. They __________ a movie.
7. She is speaking on the phone. She __________ on the phone.

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 8. We are cleaning the house. We __________ the house.
9. He is playing soccer. He __________ soccer.
10. They are reading a book. They __________ a book.

Present Continuous Tense

❖ Actions happening at the present moment: The company is expanding its operations globally.
I am reading a book right now. The number of people using smartphones is growing rapidly.
She is talking on the phone at the moment. ❖ Changing or evolving situations:
They are playing soccer in the park today. The weather is getting colder as winter approaches.
❖ Temporary actions or situations: The team is improving their performance with each game.
He is staying with us for a few days. His English skills are getting better with practice.
We are working on a project this week. ❖ Temporary annoyance or inconvenience:
They are studying for their exams this month. The construction noise is bothering me.
❖ Future plans or arrangements: The loud music from the party next door is disturbing us.
We are meeting for dinner tomorrow evening. ❖ Actions or situations with future time expressions:
She is flying to Paris next week. She is leaving for vacation next month.
They are attending a concert on Friday. He is starting his new job in two weeks.
❖ Ongoing trends or situations: They are arriving at the airport later today.
Prices are increasing every year.

It's important to note that the Present Continuous Tense is formed using the verb "to be" as an auxiliary verb,
followed by the present participle (-ing form) of the main verb. The verb "to be" changes based on the subject and
tense.
Exercise 1: Complete the sentences with the appropriate form of the verb in the Present
Continuous Tense.
1. She __________ (read) a book right now. 5. I __________ (study) for my exam at the moment.
2. They __________ (play) soccer in the park today. 6. They __________ (attend) a concert on Friday.
3. We __________ (work) on a project this week. 7. She __________ (leave) for vacation next month.
4. He __________ (stay) with us for a few days. 8. We __________ (meet) for dinner tomorrow evening.
9. The weather __________ (get) colder as winter approaches.
10. The team __________ (improve) their performance with each game.
Exercise 2: Rewrite the sentences in the Present Continuous Tense.
1. I read a book. -> I __________ a book right now.
2. He stays with us. -> He __________ with us for a few days.
3. We work on a project. -> We __________ on a project this week.
4. I study for my exam. -> I __________ for my exam at the moment.
5. They attend a concert on Friday. -> They __________ a concert on Friday.
6. They play soccer in the park. -> They __________ soccer in the park today.
7. She leaves for vacation next month. -> She __________ for vacation next month.

Question Type
Wh-questions and Yes/No questions are two common types of questions used in English. Here is a brief note on
how to form and use these question types, along with examples:
A. Wh-Questions:
Wh-questions are used to ask for specific information about a person, thing, time, place, reason, etc. These
questions start with question words such as who, what, when, where, why, and how.
Examples:
✓ Who is coming to the party? ✓ Where is the nearest supermarket?
✓ What time is the meeting? ✓ Why did she leave early?
✓ When did you arrive? ✓ How did you solve the problem?
In wh-questions, the word order is generally questioning word + auxiliary verb + subject + main verb.

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 B. Yes/No Questions:
Yes/No questions are used to ask for confirmation or a simple answer of “yes” or “no.” These questions usually
start with an auxiliary verb or the verb “to be.”
Examples:
✓ Are you ready? ✓ Did you finish your homework?
✓ Can she swim? ✓ Will they attend the meeting?
✓ Is it raining outside? ✓ Have you seen that movie?
In yes/no questions, the word order is generally auxiliary verb + subject + main verb.
Note: If there is no auxiliary verb in the sentence, we use the auxiliary verb “do” to form the question.

Examples: Do you like ice cream? Did they go to the party?

Does he play the guitar?
In these cases, the word order is auxiliary verb “do” + subject + main verb.
In both types of questions, the question is typically indicated by a rising intonation at the end of the sentence.

Exercise 1: Complete the sentences by turning them into Wh-questions.

1. They are going to the park. __________ are they going?
2. She is reading a book. __________ is she reading?
3. He arrived at 9 am. __________ did he arrive?
4. We went to the beach. __________ did we go?
5. The concert starts at 8 pm. __________ does the concert start?
6. They are playing soccer. __________ are they playing?
7. She left because of the traffic. __________ did she leave because of?
8. We solved the problem together. __________ did we solve the problem?
9. The party is at John’s house. __________ is the party?
10. He finished his work early. __________ did he finish his work?
Exercise 2: Complete the sentences by turning them into Yes/No questions.
11. You like ice cream. __________ you like ice cream?
12. She is studying for the exam. __________ she studying for the exam?
13. They went to the movies. __________ they go to the movies?
14. He can swim. __________ he swims?
15. We have seen that movie. __________ we see that movie?
16. The meeting starts at 9 am. __________ the meeting starts at 9 am?
17. It is raining outside. __________ it raining outside?
18. They will attend the conference. __________ they attend the conference?
19. She plays the piano. __________ she plays the piano?

Pronunciation: Rising and falling intonations

Intonation refers to the pattern of pitch changes in speech. Rising and falling intonations are two common patterns
used in English to convey different meanings and emotions. Here is a brief note on using rising and falling
intonations, along with examples:
• Rising Intonation:
Rising intonation is characterized by an upward pitch movement at the end of a sentence. It is commonly used in
questions, incomplete thoughts, and when seeking confirmation or agreement.
Examples: Are you coming to the party? (Question) We’re meeting at 7 pm, right? (Seeking confirmation)
I think it’s going to rain. (Incomplete thought)
Rising intonation is also used to express surprise, disbelief, or uncertainty.
Examples: You won the lottery? (Surprise) He’s going where? (Uncertainty)
She did what? (Disbelief)

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 1st QUARTER READING MATERIAL
Subject: English Grade: 9 Date: November, 2023
Name: ____________________________________________________ Section _____
Set by: Tesfamariam Kassahun
• Falling Intonation:
Falling intonation is characterized by a downward pitch movement at the end of a sentence. It is commonly used
in statements, commands, and when conveying a sense of finality or certainty.
Examples: I am going to the store. (Statement) The movie starts at 8 pm. (Factual statement)
Please close the door. (Command)
Falling intonation is also used to express emphasis, seriousness, or a strong opinion.
Examples: I really love chocolate. (Emphasis)

Exercise 1: Complete the sentences with the appropriate intonation pattern.

1. You’re going to the party __________? (rising intonation)
2. We need to finish the project __________. (falling intonation)
3. She said she would be here at 5 pm __________. (rising intonation)
4. The test is tomorrow __________. (falling intonation)
5. Can you pass me the salt __________? (rising intonation)
6. I can’t believe you did that __________. (falling intonation)
7. The meeting starts at 9 am __________. (falling intonation)
8. Did you see the new movie __________? (rising intonation)
9. It’s such a beautiful day __________. (falling intonation)
10. Are you sure you want to do that __________? (rising intonation)
Exercise 2: Choose the appropriate intonation pattern for the given sentence.
11. I’m really excited to see you __________. (falling intonation)
12. You’re leaving already __________? (rising intonation)
13. This is the best day of my life __________. (falling intonation)
14. Could you please help me with this __________? (rising intonation)
15. I can’t believe you did that __________. (falling intonation)

Writing Skills: Constructing sentences with examples

Constructing sentences is a fundamental aspect of writing. Writing clear and effective sentences helps convey your
ideas and communicate your message to the reader. Here is a brief note on constructing sentences, along with
examples:
• Subject and Verb: A sentence typically consists of a subject and a verb. The subject is the person, thing, or idea
that the sentence is about, and the verb is the action or state of being.
Example: She runs every morning. The cat is sleeping.
• Subject-Verb Agreement: The subject and verb in a sentence must agree in terms of number (singular or plural).
Example: He plays the guitar. They play soccer.
• Sentence Structure: Sentences can be structured in different ways. The basic structure is subject-verb-object
(SVO), but other structures include subject-verb (SV) and subject-complement (SC).
Example: SVO: She eats an apple. SV: They run. SC: He is a doctor.
• Sentence Types: Sentences can be classified into four main types: declarative, interrogative, imperative, and
exclamatory.
Example: Declarative: The sun is shining. Exclamatory: What a beautiful sunset!
Imperative: Please pass the salt.
• Sentence Variety: To make your writing more engaging, it is important to vary sentence length and structure.
Use a mix of simple, compound, and complex sentences to add flow and rhythm to your writing.

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 Example: Simple Sentence: She walked to the park.
Compound Sentence: She walked to the park, and she played on the swings.
Complex Sentence: While she walked to the park, she noticed a bird singing in the trees.
• Coherence and Cohesion: Ensure that your sentences are logically connected and flow smoothly from one to
another. Use transitional words and phrases to provide coherence and cohesion in your writing.
Example: Additionally, she enjoys playing basketball in her free time.
Furthermore, the study found a significant correlation between the two variables.
• Sentence Clarity: Write clear and concise sentences. Avoid excessive wordiness and use precise language to
convey your message effectively.
Example: The cat jumped onto the table. (Clear and concise)
The small, fluffy, adorable cat with a playful personality leaped gracefully onto the wooden table. (Wordy
and less clear)
• Grammar and Punctuation: Pay attention to proper grammar and punctuation to ensure your sentences are
grammatically correct and easy to understand.
Example: I enjoy reading, writing, and painting. (Correct punctuation)
I enjoy reading writing and painting. (Incorrect punctuation)

By constructing well-formed sentences, you can enhance the clarity, coherence, and impact of your writing.
Remember to proofread and revise your sentences to refine your writing further.

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