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 A Tuscan
Cookbook
Tuscan Recipes for True Tuscan
Italian Cooking
(2nd Edition)

By
BookSumo Press
All rights reserved

Published by
http://www.booksumo.com
 ENJOY THE RECIPES?
KEEP ON COOKING
WITH 6 MORE FREE
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Click the link below and simply enter your email address
to join the club and receive your 6 cookbooks.
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 LEGAL NOTES
All Rights Reserved. No Part Of This Book May Be Reproduced Or
Transmitted In Any Form Or By Any Means. Photocopying, Posting Online,
And / Or Digital Copying Is Strictly Prohibited Unless Written Permission
Is Granted By The Book’s Publishing Company. Limited Use Of The Book’s
Text Is Permitted For Use In Reviews Written For The Public.
Table of Contents 54 . . . . . . . Cheesy Chicken Cream Pasta
55 . . . . . . . Chunky Spinach Bean Soup
58 . . . . . . . Famous Zuppa Toscana
7 . . . . . . . . Rosemary Pasta Shells Soup
59 . . . . . . . Mustard Sausage Soup
10 . . . . . . . Beef Sausage Zuppa
60 . . . . . . . Sunny Hot Spaghetti
11 . . . . . . . Cheesy Aborio Rice
61 . . . . . . . Cannellini Sausage Pie
12 . . . . . . . Cannellini Chicken Casserole
62 . . . . . . . Zesty Chicken Roast
13 . . . . . . . Sweet and Spicy Ragu
63 . . . . . . . Parmesan Beef Cakes
16 . . . . . . . Cannellini Chicken Casserole
64 . . . . . . . Nutty Vanilla Biscuits
17 . . . . . . . Sweet and Spicy Ragu
65 . . . . . . . Tomato Cream Dip
18 . . . . . . . Creamy Artichoke Dip
68 . . . . . . . Saucy Beef Skillet
19 . . . . . . . Bell Swiss Chicken Soup
69 . . . . . . . Sunny Ranch Chicken Soup
22 . . . . . . . Cannellini Salad
70 . . . . . . . Milanese Torta
23 . . . . . . . Italian Sausage Ragu Sandwiches
71 . . . . . . . Puttanesca: (Southern Italian Style)
24 . . . . . . . Bell Pasta Soup
72 . . . . . . . Italian Style Cod
25 . . . . . . . Fontina Potato Casserole
73 . . . . . . . Clams Toscano
28 . . . . . . . Italian Chicken Mushroom Casserole
74 . . . . . . . Romano Roughy
29 . . . . . . . Cream Cheese Chicken Roulade
75 . . . . . . . Classical Penne Pasta
30 . . . . . . . Southern Italian Peasant Potatoes
78 . . . . . . . Parmesan Orzo
31 . . . . . . . Hearty Provence Soup
79 . . . . . . . Southern Italian Garden Skillet
34 . . . . . . . Grilled Italian Panini
80 . . . . . . . Pasta Rustica
35 . . . . . . . Cannellini Veggies Soup
81 . . . . . . . Plum Tomato and Olive Filets
36 . . . . . . . Bean Feta Stew
37 . . . . . . . Zesty Rosemary Steak
40 . . . . . . . Smoked Sundried Tomato Soup
41 . . . . . . . Zesty Rosemary Steak
42 . . . . . . . Crusted Catfish Fillets
43 . . . . . . . Chicken Kale Skillet
46 . . . . . . . Homey Potato Casserole
47 . . . . . . . Crimini Pasta Bake
48 . . . . . . . Toscano Chicken Stew
49 . . . . . . . Romano Rigatoni Casserole
52 . . . . . . . Asiago Tuna Spread
53 . . . . . . . Lemon Steak with Parmesan Salad
Rosemary Prep Time: 15 mins

Pasta Shells Soup Total Time: 25 mins

Servings per Recipe: 4

Calories 218.4
Fat 3.3 g
Cholesterol 0 mg
Sodium 726.3 mg
Carbohydrates 37.9 g
Protein 12 g

Ingredients
2 tsps olive oil or other)
1 garlic clove, finely minced 1⁄2 C. whole wheat pasta shells or 1⁄2 C. shell
1 shallot, finely diced pasta
3 -4 C. fat free chicken broth or 3 -4 C. 1 tsp rosemary
vegetable stock 3 C. Baby Spinach, cleaned and trimmed
1 (14 1/2 oz) can diced tomatoes 1⁄8 tsp black pepper
1 (14 1/2 oz) can white beans (cannellini 1 dash crushed red pepper flakes

Directions
1. Place a large saucepan on medium heat. Heat the oil in it. Add the garlic and shallot then
cook them for 4 min.
2. Stir in the broth, tomatoes, beans and rosemary, black and red pepper. Cook them until
they start boiling. Stir in the pasta and simmer the soup for 12 min.
3. Stir in the spinach and simmer the soup until it wilts. Serve the soup warm.
4. Enjoy.

Rosemary Pasta Shells Soup 7

BEEF
Sausage Zuppa
Prep Time: 20 mins
Total Time: 50 mins

Servings per Recipe: 4

Calories 558
Fat 25.2 g
Carbohydrates 57.4g
Protein 26.4 g
Cholesterol 56 mg
Sodium 1745 mg

Ingredients
6 C. chicken broth 1/4 C. evaporated milk
1 onion, chopped salt to taste
3 (3.5 oz) links spicy beef sausage ground black pepper to taste
3 large potatoes, cubed
1 bunch fresh spinach, washed and
chopped

Directions
1. Place a large pan on medium and heat and cook the sausages in it for 4 min. Add the
onion and cook them for 5 min.
2. Place a soup pot on medium heat. Transfer the sausage mix to it. Stir in the broth with
potato. Cook them until they start boiling. Keep a rolling boil until the potato is done.
3. Stir in the spinach and boil the soup until it wilts. Turn off the heat. Add the milk with salt
and pepper. Serve the soup warm.
4. Enjoy.

10 Beef Sausage Zuppa

Cheesy Prep Time: 15 mins

Aborio Rice Total Time: 40 mins

Servings per Recipe: 8

Calories 272 kcal
Fat 8.1 g
Carbohydrates 41.2g
Protein 7.2 g
Cholesterol 7 mg
Sodium 764 mg

Ingredients
2 tbsps olive oil
1 large onion, minced
1 C. uncooked Arborio rice
1 (32 oz) carton Swanson(R) Tuscan
Chicken Flavor Infused Broth, heated
1/2 C. grated Parmesan cheese

Directions
1. Place a large saucepan on medium heat. Add the oil and heat it. Cook the onion in it for 3
min.
2. Add the rice with 1/2 C. of broth. Cook it until it absorbs all the liquid. Stir in another 1/2
C. of broth and cook it again until the rice absorbs it. Repeat the process for the remaining
broth.
3. Stir in the cheese until it melts. Serve the risotto warm.
4. Enjoy.

Cheesy Aborio Rice 11

CANNELLINI
Chicken
Prep Time: 5 mins
Total Time: 45 mins

Casserole Servings per Recipe: 8

Calories 407 kcal
Fat 11.3 g
Carbohydrates 42.2g
Protein 32.1 g
Cholesterol 71 mg
Sodium 1292 mg

Ingredients
4 skinless, boneless chicken breast spaghetti sauce
halves
1 (4 oz) can sliced black olives, drained
1 (15 oz) can cannellini beans, rinsed
and drained
1 (26.5 oz) can roasted garlic flavored

Directions
1. Before you do anything set the oven to 400 F. Grease a large casserole dish. Place it aside.
2. Season the chicken breasts with some salt and pepper. Place them in the casserole dish.
Top them with the olives, beans and spaghetti sauce. Cover the casserole with a piece of
foil.
3. Cook the chicken casserole in the oven for 30 min in the oven. Discard the foil and cook it
for 10 min. Serve it warm.
4. Enjoy.

12 Cannellini Chicken Casserole

Sweet Prep Time: 20 mins

and Spicy Ragu Total Time: 6 h 35 mins

Servings per Recipe: 8

Calories 370 kcal
Fat 28.3 g
Carbohydrates 11.8g
Protein 14.8 g
Cholesterol 75 mg
Sodium 1226 mg

Ingredients
2 tbsps olive oil 1 (28 oz) can Italian-style diced tomatoes,
1 lb bulk sweet Italian sausage undrained
1 lb bulk hot Italian sausage 1 (28 oz) can tomato sauce
1 large red onion, diced salt to taste
2 ribs celery, diced 1 C. heavy cream
3 cloves garlic, minced
1/2 C. dry red wine

Directions
1. Place a large skillet on medium heat. Heat the oil in it. Add the sausages and cook them
for 10 min.
2. Add the onion, celery, and garlic then cook them of 8 min.
3. Grease a slow cooker. Transfer the sausage mix to it. Stir the wine into the skillet then
pour it into the pot. Stir in the diced tomatoes, tomato sauce, and salt then combine them
completely.
4. Put on the lid and cook the ragu for 5 h on low. Stir in the cream. Cook the ragu of 1 h
on low. Serve it warm.
5. Enjoy.

Sweet and Spicy Ragu 13

CANNELLINI
Chicken
Prep Time: 5 mins
Total Time: 45 mins

Casserole Servings per Recipe: 8

Calories 407 kcal
Fat 11.3 g
Carbohydrates 42.2g
Protein 32.1 g
Cholesterol 71 mg
Sodium 1292 mg

Ingredients
4 skinless, boneless chicken breast spaghetti sauce
halves
1 (4 oz) can sliced black olives, drained
1 (15 oz) can cannellini beans, rinsed
and drained
1 (26.5 oz) can roasted garlic flavored

Directions
1. Before you do anything set the oven to 400 F. Grease a large casserole dish. Place it aside.
2. Season the chicken breasts with some salt and pepper. Place them in the casserole dish.
Top them with the olives, beans and spaghetti sauce. Cover the casserole with a piece of
foil.
3. Cook the chicken casserole in the oven for 30 min in the oven. Discard the foil and cook it
for 10 min. Serve it warm.
4. Enjoy.

16 Cannellini Chicken Casserole

Sweet Prep Time: 20 mins

and Spicy Ragu Total Time: 6 h 35 mins

Servings per Recipe: 8

Calories 370 kcal
Fat 28.3 g
Carbohydrates 11.8g
Protein 14.8 g
Cholesterol 75 mg
Sodium 1226 mg

Ingredients
2 tbsps olive oil 1 (28 oz) can Italian-style diced tomatoes,
1 lb bulk sweet Italian sausage undrained
1 lb bulk hot Italian sausage 1 (28 oz) can tomato sauce
1 large red onion, diced salt to taste
2 ribs celery, diced 1 C. heavy cream
3 cloves garlic, minced
1/2 C. dry red wine

Directions
1. Place a large skillet on medium heat. Heat the oil in it. Add the sausages and cook them
for 10 min.
2. Add the onion, celery, and garlic then cook them of 8 min.
3. Grease a slow cooker. Transfer the sausage mix to it. Stir the wine into the skillet then
pour it into the pot. Stir in the diced tomatoes, tomato sauce, and salt then combine them
completely.
4. Put on the lid and cook the ragu for 5 h on low. Stir in the cream. Cook the ragu of 1 h
on low. Serve it warm.
5. Enjoy.

Sweet and Spicy Ragu 17

CREAMY
Artichoke Dip
Prep Time: 10 mins
Total Time: 8 hr

Servings per Recipe: 8

Calories 365 kcal
Fat 27.4 g
Carbohydrates 20.8g
Protein 11.4 g
Cholesterol 82 mg
Sodium 1092 mg

Ingredients
2 (8 oz) packages cream cheese, 1/3 C. chopped black olives
softened 8 green onions, chopped
2 tsps chopped garlic 3 oz sun-dried tomatoes, softened and
1 tsp salt chopped
1 (14 oz) can artichoke hearts, drained 1/4 C. chopped parsley
and chopped 1 tbsp chopped fresh chives

Directions
1. Get a large mixing bowl: Add the cream cheese, garlic and salt then combine them
completely. Stir in the olives with artichoke hearts.
2. Fold in the green onions, tomatoes, parsley and chives. Place the dip in the fridge for 2 h to
overnight. Serve it.
3. Enjoy.

18 Creamy Artichoke Dip

Bell Swiss Prep Time: 15 mins

Chicken Soup Total Time: 45 mins

Servings per Recipe: 8

Calories 109 kcal
Fat 7.4 g
Carbohydrates 4.6g
Protein 6.3 g
Cholesterol 15 mg
Sodium 1097 mg

Ingredients
1/2 lb bulk Italian turkey sausage 1 tsp garlic salt
1/2 onion, chopped 1/2 tsp Italian seasoning
1/2 red bell pepper, chopped 2 tsps grated Parmesan cheese
6 C. water
1 bunch Swiss chard, chopped
2 cubes chicken bouillon (such as
Knorr(R))

Directions
1. Place a large pot on medium heat. Cook in it the sausages for 6 min. Remove the sausages
from the pot and set them aside. Remove the grease.
2. Stir the sausages back into the pot with bell pepper and onion. Cook them for 3 min.
3. Stir in the water with Swiss chard, chicken bouillon, garlic salt, and Italian seasoning.
Adjust the heat to medium. Cook them for 20 min.
4. Garnish the soup with cheese then serve it warm.
5. Enjoy.

Bell Swiss Chicken Soup 19

CANNELLINI
Salad
Prep Time: 20 mins
Total Time: 50 mins

Servings per Recipe: 8

Calories 191 kcal
Fat 3.2 g
Carbohydrates 31.7g
Protein 10.2 g
Cholesterol 0 mg
Sodium 134 mg

Ingredients
3 lbs cooked cannellini beans, drained 2 tbsps extra-virgin olive oil
and rinsed 2 tbsps chopped fresh sage
1/2 C. chopped onion 1 tbsp lemon zest
1/2 C. chopped celery 2 cloves garlic, minced
1/2 C. chopped carrot 1/2 tsp salt
1/3 C. fresh lemon juice 1/4 tsp red pepper flakes
1/3 C. chopped fresh parsley

Directions
1. Get a large mixing bowl: Add all the ingredients and combine them completely.
2. Place it aside to combine the flavors for 35 min. Transfer it to a large pan. Cook them for
20 min on low heat while stirring often. Serve it warm.
3. Enjoy.

22 Cannellini Salad
Italian Prep Time: 15 mins

Sausage Ragu Total Time: 30 mins

Sandwiches Servings per Recipe: 4

Calories 760 kcal
Fat 28.9 g
Carbohydrates 90.3g
Protein 33.6 g
Cholesterol 61 mg
Sodium 2256 mg

Ingredients
1 lb hot beef sausage links
1 small onion, sliced
1 (10 oz) package frozen chopped spinach,
thawed and squeezed dry
1 (24 oz) jar Ragu(R) Sauce
1 (16-inch) loaf Italian bread or French
bread, cut into 4 pieces

Directions
1. Place a large skillet on medium heat. Add the sausages and cook them for 5 min. Add the
onion, spinach and mushrooms then cook them for another 5 min.
2. Add the sauce and cook them for 2 min.
3. Spoon the sausage ragu into the sandwiches buns. Serve them right away.
4. Enjoy.

Italian Sausage Ragu Sandwiches 23

BELL
Pasta Soup
Prep Time: 10 mins
Total Time: 40 mins

Servings per Recipe: 8

Calories 174 kcal
Fat 3.1 g
Carbohydrates 29g
Protein 8g
Cholesterol 0 mg
Sodium 409 mg

Ingredients
1 tbsp olive oil 2 tsps chopped fresh thyme
1 onion, chopped 1/2 C. chopped spinach
2 cloves garlic, minced 1 C. seashell pasta
1 red bell pepper, chopped ground black pepper to taste
3 C. low fat, low chicken broth
1 C. canned whole tomatoes, chopped
1 1/2 C. kidney beans, cooked

Directions
1. Place a large pot on medium heat. Heat the oil in it. Add the onion and garlic then cook
them for 5 min. Stir in the bell pepper and cook them for 3 min.
2. Stir in the broth, tomatoes and beans. Cook them until they start boiling. Lower the heat
and simmer the soup for 20 min.
3. Add the thyme, spinach and pasta. Cook the soup for 5 min. Adjust the seasoning of the
soup. Serve it warm.
4. Enjoy.

24 Bell Pasta Soup

Fontina Prep Time: 20 mins

Potato Casserole Total Time: 1 h 25 mins

Servings per Recipe: 8

Calories 426 kcal
Fat 30.4 g
Carbohydrates 29.9g
Protein 10.1 g
Cholesterol 93 mg
Sodium 635 mg

Ingredients
5 tbsps butter 2 C. milk
2 green onions, chopped 1 C. heavy whipping cream
3 cloves garlic, minced, or more to taste 1 (8 oz) container sour cream
1 1/2 tsps chopped fresh thyme 1 C. shredded fontina cheese
5 tbsps all-purpose flour 2 lbs red potatoes, thinly sliced, ends discarded
1 1/4 tsps salt 1/4 C. Italian-style panko bread crumbs, or as
1/2 tsp ground black pepper needed

Directions
1. Before you do anything set the oven to 350 F. Grease a large casserole dish.
2. Place a large saucepan on medium heat. Add the onion, garlic, and thyme then cook them
for 4 min. Add the flour, salt, and black pepper then mix them.
3. Add the milk gradually with cream while whisking all the time. Cook the mix until it
starts boiling. Cook them for 2 min on low heat. Add the cheese with sour cream and
combine them until they melt.
4. Lay half of the sliced potato in the greased casserole dish. Pour half of the onion mix on
it. Repeat the process to make another layer. Sprinkle the breadcrumbs on top. Cook it in
the oven for 1 h 12 min. Serve it warm.
5. Enjoy.

Fontina Potato Casserole 25

ITALIAN
Chicken
Prep Time: 10 mins
Total Time: 30 mins

Mushroom Servings per Recipe: 4

Calories 623 kcal

Casserole Fat
Carbohydrates
44.5 g
17.3g
Protein 30.4 g
Cholesterol 128 mg
Sodium 1738 mg

Ingredients
1/4 C. olive oil, divided water, drained
1 tsp ground black pepper 2 tsps Italian seasoning
3 skinless, boneless chicken breast 1 1/2 tsps salt
halves 1 1/2 tsps ground black pepper
1/2 onion, chopped 3/4 C. cooking white wine
1 (8 oz) package sliced fresh 4 large roma tomatoes, quartered
mushrooms 6 tbsps butter
3/4 (8 oz) can artichoke hearts in

Directions
1. Before you do anything Preheat the oven to Broiler. Place the oven rack 6 inches away
from the heat. Grease a large casserole dish.
2. Get a small mixing bowl: whisk 2 tbsps of olive oil with pepper in it. Coat the chicken
breasts with the oil mix and lay them in the casserole dish.
3. Cook the chicken in the oven for 5 min on each side.
4. Place a large skillet on medium heat. Heat 2 tbsps of oil in it. Cook in it the onion for 6
min. Stir in the mushrooms, artichoke hearts, Italian seasoning, salt, and pepper then cook
them for 6 min.
5. Add the wine and cook them for 10 min. Add the tomato and cook them for 3 min. Add
the butter and cook it until it melts.
6. Place chicken breasts warm on serving plates then top them with the tomato mix. Serve
them right away.
7. Enjoy.

28 Italian Chicken Mushroom Casserole

Cream Cheese Prep Time: 15 mins

Chicken Roulade Total Time: 50 mins

Servings per Recipe: 6

Calories 368 kcal
Fat 26 g
Carbohydrates 5.4g
Protein 28.3 g
Cholesterol 130 mg
Sodium 399 mg

Ingredients
3/4 C. whipped cream cheese 2 tbsps olive oil
1/2 C. thinly-sliced sun-dried tomatoes 1/8 tsp salt
1/2 tsp garlic powder 1/3 C. grated Parmesan cheese
1/2 tsp onion powder 4 oz chopped fresh basil
6 skinless, boneless chicken breasts - salt and pepper to taste
halved horizontally and lbed thin 1 (9.74 oz) package Idahoan Signature™ Russets
3/4 C. heavy whipping cream Mashed Potatoes

Directions
1. Before you do anything set the oven to 375 F. Grease a casserole dish.
2. Get a large mixing bowl: Add the whipped cream cheese, sun-dried tomatoes, garlic
powder, and onion powder then mix them well to make the filling.
3. Lay the chicken slices on a working surface. Spoon the filling into the chicken slices and
roll them. Place them chicken roulades then season them with some salt and pepper.
4. Place the chicken roulades in the casserole dish. Cook them in the oven for 35 min.
5. Cook the mashed potato according to the manufacturer's instructions.
6. Place a large saucepan on medium heat. Add the heavy whipping cream, olive oil, and
salt. Cook them until they start boiling while stirring all the time. Cook the mix for 4 min
until it becomes thick to make the sauce.
7. Fold in the basil with cheese. Turn off the heat.
8. Serve the chicken roulades with mashed potato and cream sauce.
9. Enjoy.

Cream Cheese Chicken Roulade 29

Another Random Scribd Document
with Unrelated Content
She screamed a second time. The boy’s eyes were big from looking
at her. The third time she screamed, she was there by him. She tried
to pass him on the right side, but he pushed hard to the other side.
As she passed him, he [371]fell on his back; blood came out of his
mouth and he lost his mind. Skoks had pulled his heart out and
carried it off. (If she had passed on the left side she would have
taken his spirit and carried it to Skoksun Kalo.)

Skoks went off in the air till she came to where the sun goes down;
she stopped there just above the earth. Her hand was shut tight, and
she held the boy’s heart in it; she talked to the heart, and laughed.

She said: “Heart, I am trying you to see if you will be like me,” and
she laughed again.

The boy lay on the ground as if dead, but his spirit heard the Skoks
talk to his heart, as she sat on the air and held the heart in her hand.
After a while she opened her hand and let go of the heart. Then the
little boy thought he saw a bird coming from the west. It came to him
and lighted on his breast. That moment he jumped up and went
toward his sister’s house. He had changed; he wasn’t a little boy; he
was a young man.

His sister didn’t know him. When he called her “sister,” she asked:
“What has changed you so?” She was scared. He didn’t answer; he
only laughed.

“Why don’t you speak?” she asked.

Then he said: “Out on the flat I saw a tall woman with a big pack of
old ragged mats on her back.”

Right away the sister knew that he had seen a Skoks; she said: “My
brother, why did you come so far alone?”
“My grandmother threw me out,” said the boy. “I thought I was going
to die.”

The sister cried; she felt sorry for her brother.

He began to be sleepy. Skoks made him feel that way; she was
coming to him again. She was going to be his medicine and make
him a great doctor. He rubbed ashes on the right side of his face; on
the left side he made stripes with a black coal, then he asked his
sister to sing for him. She didn’t want to sing, for the first person who
sings for a doctor must go with him always, and sing for him. When
he asked the second time, she sang. They didn’t see the Skoks, but
Ktilisúnak knew she was there. [372]

Every evening the young man called out as Skoks called, when he
met her on the flat; then he fell to the ground and was senseless till
Skoks got through talking to him. Each time his sister asked: “What
does your medicine want?”

“I see a crowd of medicines around me,” said he. “They want

somebody to sing and talk for them. You must go and ask old men to
come and talk five days for them.”

The sister went to Blaiwas’ village, where there were many old men.
They came and sang and told the medicine spirits what they must
do. They said: “If you want this young man to work for you, you must
be good to him; you mustn’t make him crazy.” Then they asked each
medicine what it wanted. Skoks wanted a cap made of tula grass,
and two grass plates. Eagle medicine wanted eagle feathers, and
fish-hawk medicine wanted fish-hawk feathers. Each bird medicine
wanted its own kind of feathers.

The old men got all of those feathers, and tied them on a long pole.
There is a dream medicine, and the man who has it can cure
himself, but he can’t cure others. That medicine came to Ktilisúnak.

When the old men finished singing and talking, they said to the
sister: “You mustn’t cook or sweep or have any dust around when
your brother is in the house. In the evening don’t stir the ashes or let
them fly up when you put wood on the fire; if you do, he will die; he is
afraid of his medicines. Don’t tease him to eat; let him eat when he
wants to. If his medicines trouble him, we will come and talk to
them.”

The young man lay in the house day after day.—Doctors don’t go out
often; they go only when sick people send for them.

Near the sister’s house there was a sick man who was only skin and
bones. He sent for Ktilisúnak. The young man told his sister to sing
for Skoks. Skoks came, but nobody could see her. When the three
got to the house, the man was dying. Ktilisúnak put a hand each side
of him, front and back, and caught his life, didn’t let it get out of his
body. In half a day the man was well.

When the sister got home, the medicines heard her say: [373]“Oh, I
am tired!” In the night they said to the young man: “We didn’t think
she would get tired of us so soon.”

The next morning Ktilisúnak asked his sister if she was tired of his
medicines. She said: “I am tired of singing so much.”

“I am tired, too,” said the young man, “but I wouldn’t live long if I
didn’t work for my medicines.”

The next night Ktilisúnak sang for himself. Skoks was angry because
the brother and sister were tired. The other medicines said to him:
“We didn’t know you felt so. We thought you would be glad to have
us for servants. Hereafter you will be a common man; you will have
no power to cure people.”

The medicines left him. As soon as they were gone, he began to feel
sick; he cried and sang for his medicines, but they didn’t hear him,
they had gone far away. The old men came, and sang and called to
them, but they didn’t come. When Ktilisúnak told the old men how he
and his sister had got tired of singing, they said: “We will try once
more.”

“It’s no use,” said Ktilisúnak. “Skoks has got my life.” He grew thin
and died. People brought nice beads and mats and burned them
with his body.

Blaiwas said to the sister: “It is as if you had killed your own brother.
Haven’t old people told you that medicines listen to what we say and
that they can hear, even when they are a long way off?”

The sister felt badly. She burned up her house and went to another
place. As soon as Ktilisúnak died, his old grandmother knew it. She
was sorry that she had thrown him out, and three times each night
she walked around the sister’s house crying. Her voice sounded Like
the voice of a spirit. The sister wrapped herself up tight when she
heard her grandmother around. Once, when she saw her, there were
red tears on one side of the old woman’s face and black tears on the
other. At last she called out: “My granddaughter, I am going to the
mountains. I don’t want to be a person any longer, and hereafter you
will not be a person; you will be a bird, and appear to doctors.” They
both became birds. [374]
[Contents]
 A MEDICINE STORY. NUMBER II

A man and his wife went off hunting and left their little boy at home.
The mother said: “Stay here and watch things; don’t go away
anywhere.”

The boy was afraid; he didn’t want to stay alone. The father and
mother had not been gone long when the boy heard a noise like a
whirlwind in tall grass. A Skoks had come for him, but he didn’t know
that. He looked out, looked over his left shoulder, and saw a kind of
grayish white fog. In that fog was a woman; one side of her face was
painted in black streaks, the other side was the color of ashes. She
called out to the boy: “Come here, little fellow!” The child didn’t go;
he screamed and fell dead.

The mother heard him scream and she ran home. When she found
the boy dead and cold as ice, she cried, and called for somebody to
come.

Old Koé heard her and came; she took off the child’s clothes and
rubbed his body with ashes, then she put black coal on one side of
his face and white ashes on the other, and called for her Skoks.
(Skoks was old Koé’s medicine.)

Koé said to the mother: “A Skoks came for your child, but the little
fellow turned his left shoulder. If he had turned his right shoulder, the
Skoks would have taken his spirit away; but she didn’t get hold of it;
she called and it followed her. My Skoks will go for it.”

The boy’s spirit hadn’t gone far. Koé’s Skoks went right in front of it
and brought it back, and the child came to life. When the mother
asked how the Skoks looked, the boy said: “She had finger-nails
longer than her hand. I couldn’t see her plainly, but I heard her call
me.”

The mother wanted to give Koé nice things, beads and porcupine
quills, but Koé said: “I don’t want any of those things; I only want to
bring back as many spirits as I can.” [375]

The little boy grew fast; he was a great kiúks. When men asked how
his Skoks looked when she awakened him out of dreams, he said:
“She has red eyes, like fire in the night, and her nails are longer than
her fingers. She has hot ashes for her paint. One side of her face is
white; on that side are black tears, on the other side are red tears,
like blood.” [376]
[Contents]
 A SKOKS STORY

On the shore of Tula Lake many chiefs were living,—the first people.
(They are now turned to fowls and animals.) With them lived an old
woman and her grandson. The boy was called “Big Belly;” Tusasás
rubbed dirt on him and laughed at him because he was small and
fat.

A Skoks traveled every evening along the eastern side of the lake.
The Skoks wore a straw blanket, and made a great noise, crying as
he went along. The minute anybody saw him, he vanished. If he
passed a man whose right shoulder was toward him, that man died
at once, for the spirit stole his life, but if the spirit passed on the other
side, the person was senseless a while and then came to life.

One evening people heard the Skoks coming. It made such a noise
that they heard it when it was a long way off. They were scared; they
crowded together and each person wanted to be inside. Tusasás
wanted to be under all the rest; they pulled him up and threw him
out, but he crawled under again. The people shivered; it was so cold
they were nearly frozen. It was always cold when that Skoks
screamed; he made it so. Fires went out and grass wouldn’t burn.

The old woman took the hull of seeds and made a fire for the little
boy. She cried while she was making it, and said: “My grandson, all
the people here are going to die.” The little boy didn’t seem to know
what she meant; he got up and stood by the fire. She said: “Sit
down, my grandson, you mustn’t stand up or go out; if you meet this
Skoks, you are sure to die.” The old woman threw ashes toward the
voice of the Skoks.
The little boy told his grandmother to tie a skin around him and roll
him up so he could go and meet the Skoks.

“My grandson,” said the old woman, “what can you do? You have no
power.” But she got a buckskin blanket, tied [377]it around him, and
said: “Don’t let the Skoks pass on the right side; be sure that your left
shoulder is toward him. He will try to make you go on the other side,
but don’t you go.”

Every time the Skoks shouted, it was like throwing ice into the
house, and Tusasás cried out: “Oh, let me go under; I am cold.”

When the boy started, his grandmother said: “You must take some
ordure in your hand, and if the Skoks tries to make you go on the
wrong side, throw it at him.”

Soon the boy saw the Skoks. His head reached the sky and he
looked as if he were carrying a load of clouds. One side was painted
white, the other black. He came very fast. The boy had hard work to
get by. When he pushed into Skoks, Skoks darted forward. At last
both fell, and their bodies turned to rock, but their spirits came out of
the rocks. The boy was holding up the ordure, and that turned to
rock, too.

When the sun rose the next morning, the boy’s spirit went home. He
was a young man now and wore a panther-skin blanket that came to
his feet. (After a person meets a Skoks, he looks strange; he loses
his old body.) As soon as the young man got home, it was warm;
fires burned, and right away it was summer. The people made him
chief and he had control of the place.

After that two men went north to visit their kin; one of the men was
killed. When the people heard about it, they asked the chief if they
should demand pay for the man’s life. He said: “Yes, and if they don’t
pay, I will punish them.” The men refused to pay, and messengers
were sent to the chief.

He took a long obsidian knife and started. When nearly there, he

said to his men: “Don’t be frightened; the Skoks is getting mad and
ready to move.” (The Skoks was the chief’s medicine.)

When the chief came to the enemy, they said: “We are men, not
women; we are not afraid of you. We won’t pay for the man we
killed.”

Both sides were ready to fight. The chief said to his men: “When I
shout, fall on the ground and don’t move.” He shouted like Skoks
and all of his people fell. His enemies [378]were terribly frightened.
Right away they were freezing.—The chief could see the Skoks, but
nobody else could see him.—The chief killed a great many men;
they were so cold they couldn’t run away; he cut them to pieces with
his obsidian knife.

After that, there was no trouble with the northern people; they had
found that there was a powerful chief in the south, a man who could
kill them easily. [379]
[Contents]
 A DOCTOR STORY

CHARACTER

Kiúks Doctor

A kiúks and his old mother were living at Dokwa, near Klamath Lake.
The kiúks had a tall pole standing outside the house and on the top
of the pole was a dead eagle. Inside of the house he had a dead
fish-hawk and all kinds of dead birds.

The kiúks shouted and sang. The minute he stopped singing, the
dead eagle came to life and screamed; when the eagle stopped
screaming, the fish-hawk and all the dead birds inside the house
came to life and screamed together. As soon as they were through
screaming, the kiúks fed them. After they were fed, they died and
remained dead till he called them to life again.

This man was a terrible kiúks; he could kill anybody. Nobody ever
went to his house; everyone was afraid of him. When he called, and
the eagle and all the birds answered, the earth began to tremble,
and it trembled as long as the birds screamed. Everywhere people
felt the earth shake, and it scared them. At such times they said:
“The kiúks is singing, and the birds are screaming.”

Men began to talk and to try to think of some way to kill the kiúks.
One morning he hung up a wooden comb, and said to his mother: “I
am going to Gombät; if this comb falls, you may know that somebody
has killed me.” He had a ska (a sharp stone about three feet long);
he gave it to her and said: “As soon as the comb falls, take this ska
and strike the ground near the fire five times, and strike the fire five
times.”

People had been wishing that this kiúks would go somewhere,

[380]but he had always stayed at home. There were men watching,
and when he came out of his house, they followed him. Before he
got to Gombät, they killed him, shot arrows into his body, and cut him
to pieces with flint knives.

When the comb fell, the mother knew that her son was dead. She
took the ska and struck the ground five times, and the fire five times,
as he had told her to do. That minute the men who had killed him fell
dead, and the eagle and all the birds inside the house came to life
and screamed.

The old woman went to Gombät; she found the pieces of her son,
carried them home, and burned them; then his spirit went into her.
She became just such a kiúks as he had been. She had been only a
common old woman; now she used the eagle, fish-hawk, and birds
just as her son had used them. People were scared, but they said to
her: “You mustn’t do as your son did, you mustn’t kill people; if you
do, we shall kill you as we killed him.”

Her son gained strength when the birds screamed and the earth
trembled, but the people frightened the old woman so she was afraid
to sing for the birds; she grew weak and died. As soon as she was
dead, the birds came to life and flew off to the woods.

The people left her body in the house and burned the house and
body together.

THE END.
[381]
[Contents]
 NOTES

[Contents]

LÁTKAKÁWAS

Látkakáwas is evidently a sun myth. The young man who wooed

Látkakáwas could run in the air and under the ground (Indians
thought that the sun traveled from west to east underground). He
was beautiful and bright, brighter than anything else in the world. He
was immortal while he had the disk. When Kumush stole the disk
Látkakáwas’ husband died. The disk became a part of Kumush and
he was immortal. His body was reduced to ashes, but he rose up
anew, for the disk remained.

There is a condition, however, incident to the resurrection of the sun;

he must be called. Some one must rouse him. The morning star has
that duty, and will never be freed from it. While the sun exists, the
morning star must call him. At the summons of the star the disk
springs from the pile of ashes; the sun (represented as Kumush) is
renewed completely and goes forth to run his course till consumed
again.

Kumush is killed and his body is eaten by crows; only the disk
remains. The morning star sees the disk, and calls out: “What are
you doing, old man? Get up!” Kumush springs up, through virtue of
the immortal disk and the compelling word of the star.

Many Indian tribes have myths in which the morning star figures as
the Light-bearer.
The morning star of the Modocs is the same character as the Lucifer
of the Latins.

[Contents]

THE FIVE BROTHERS OF LÁTKAKÁWAS

The five brothers marry and nothing more is known about them.
Gáukos, the orphan boy, becomes the principal character.

At sunset Gáukos—the moon—is thrown out of his sister’s house.

He is a little boy, but as soon as he is outside he increases in size.
He enters a ravine, and when he comes out at the opposite end he is
a full-grown man. Later every one sees him; his body is bright and
beautiful. When pursued by his sister, he crosses a valley at a step,
springs from one mountain to another, and early in the morning
reaches the first house, the home of two women, who have the
power of making themselves young.

The Modocs have lost the name of Gáukos’ elder sister, and they do
not know the meaning of the name of the younger sister, Lĭsgaga.
The elder sister is, probably, Daylight; she travels as Gáukos does, a
valley at a step. In a Wintu creation myth, Sanihas (Daylight) is one
of the principal characters. [382]In a Gaelic myth, the son of the King
of Light is Day or Daylight, the Lady of Green Insh is Night, and her
yellow-haired son is Dawn.

In this Modoc myth the power of the word was with Gäk. He said to
Lóluk: “Hereafter, you will be kin to no man, you will burn all alike,”
and as he spoke Lóluk became common fire.
[Contents]

ISIS AND YAULILIK’S DAUGHTERS

Isis, the son of Látkakáwas, is the son of Kumush because Kumush

has the disk, and the disk is Isis’ father. The Indians do not know the
meaning of the word Isis—or Áisis, as pronounced by some of the
Modocs—or of Látkakáwas.—These names occur only in the myths
connected with the disk.—Isis is the greatest hunter and the greatest
runner in the world. He has long, bright red hair. When he builds a
fire the smoke from it goes straight up; it does not scatter, or waver.
Isis has some of the attributes of his father, the sun.

Kumush personates Isis and deceives Yaulilik’s elder daughter. In

mythology one character frequently personates another.—There is
an example of this in Wintu: Klakherrit (Lightning) personates Pitis
(Quail), deceives Pitis’ family, and kills every member of it.

In Indian myths, whenever two sisters are sent to some place and
warned by father or mother against a deceiver, who is likely to meet
them on the way, the elder sister is generally ready to become a
victim, the younger is the wise one.

Cogátkis is an interesting character; like Samson, his strength was in

his hair. Through the power of his hair, he could see at a great
distance, and he could talk to his mother though she was far away.

I have never found a myth in which the method of taking life is similar
to that described in this myth. Isis had two children; the elder died;
he took the younger in his arms, put the top of its head to his mouth
and drew a long breath, drew the child’s breath, its life, into himself.
He said to his wives, “The children are half mine, and half yours. I
have taken their breath into myself; you may have their bodies.”
In an Algonkin myth a character similar to Látkakáwas is the “Earth
maiden.” The Sun looks at her and she brings forth a daughter, who
becomes the mother of a great hero.

[Contents]

KUMUSH AND HIS DAUGHTER

Many of the Modocs firmly believe that their tribe originated as

described in this myth. They call Kumush father, and live by the rules
he laid down for them. They believe that he gave the race all gifts
that support existence, that it is through him that the Indians live and
prosper. He has many of the attributes of Zeus.

This myth and many of the myths in this volume are as sacred for
Indians as Bible stories are for Christians. When old men are asked
what their ideas are regarding life hereafter they tell of Kumush’s
visit to the great house in [383]the underground world; of what he saw
there, and of the terrible effort he made to bring spirits to the upper
world, and create Indians.

The underground house of the Modoc dead is in the West.

When Kumush had done all that he could for mankind he went to the
place where the sun rises. He traveled on Sun’s road till he came to
the middle of the sky, and there he built his house.

[Contents]
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