HORIZONTAL

DIRECTIONAL DRILLING
(HDD)

HINDUSTAN PETROLEUM CORPORATION LIMITED

(HPCL)

CGD NETWORK FOR WEST BENGAL CLUSTER GA’s

DOC. NO. SGAPL/TEPL/HPCL/WB/SCH.04/HDD-JP-24-Rev-00

Rev. Date Description Prepared By Checked By Approved By

0
SGAPL SGAPL TEPL/HPCL

For Review &

10.05.2023 Approval
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DIRECTIONAL DRILLING
(HDD)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 SCOPE
2 REFERENCE
3 EQUIPMENT
4 DESIGN & ENGINEERING
5 STRESS ANALYSIS
6 CONSTRUCTION
7 HYDROSTATIC TESTING
8 DOCUMENTATION
9 SAFETY

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1.0 SCOPE:

This Specification defines the minimum technical requirements for the various activities to be carried out by
CONTRACTOR for the engineering and construction of pipeline at Major River / Canal crossing using
horizontal directional drilling (HDD) technique.

2.0 REFERENCE:

Reference has been made in this specification to the latest edition/revision of the following codes,
standards and specification.

a) ANSI B 31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping System

b) OISD 226 - “Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines and City Gas Distribution Network”
c) PNGRB – T4S
d) ANSI B 31.4 Liquid Petroleum Transportation Piping System
e) API RP 1102 Steel Pipeline Crossing Railroads and Highways
f) Part 192 Title 49 Transportation of Natural and other Gas by Pipeline
(US Department of Transportation - Pipeline Safety Standards)
g) Part 195 Transportation of Liquids by Pipeline
(US Department of Transportation - Pipeline Safety Standards)
h) OISD 141 Design Construction Requirements for Cross Country
Hydrocarbon Pipelines.
i) Tractebel Specifications
j)

3.0 EQUIPMENTS:
 HDD Machine
 Excavator/JCB
 Welding DG Sets.
 Hydra
 Dewatering Pump
 Compressor
 Foam Pig

4.0 DESIGN & ENGINEERING

1. The minimum requirement of limits of each river crossing shall be as defined in the preliminary
drawings furnished by OWNER. CONTRACTOR may change the limits slightly to suit his requirement and
installation technique, with prior written approval from OWNER and authorities having jurisdiction.

2. Within the entire limits of crasser, as defined in the CONTRACT drawings, the cover to top of corrosion
coated pipe shall be at least 2.5 Meters below the "specified" minimum scour level profile for the river
with normal soil below river bed, and at least 1.5 meters below the "specified" minimum scour level per
stile for the river with rock sub-strata. CONTRACTOR shall establish the scour depths in consultation with
authorities having jurisdiction and the same shall be approved by the OWNER.

3. The entry and exit points of the pipeline at ground level shall not come within the limits of crossing as
defined for individual over crossings.
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4. CONTRACTOR shall carry out calculations for determining the maximum permissible overburden on pipe,
to check that the empty pipeline is safe from collapse at any point along the drilled crossing section.

5. CONTRACTOR shall submit the detailed calculations for stress analysis, overburden calculations, coating
stresses etc. to OWNER for approval.

5.0. STRESS ANALYSIS:

CONTRACTOR shall determine the minimum allowable elastic bend radius for pipe from the following
considerations.

5.1 Pipeline Maximum Longitudinal Stress during Installation.

Total maximum equivalent stress in the pipeline due to tension, bending and overburden pressure down
hole at any location shall not exceed 90% of the SMYS of the pipe material’s yield strength. CONTRACTOR
shall, in order to check this requirement, evaluate the maximum tension forces to which the pipeline is
subjected at any phase of its installation during the pulling operation.

5.2 Pipeline Maximum Equivalent Stress during service shall be governed by the requirements of ANSI B
31.8/OISD 141 as applicable.

After installation, the pipeline shall be hydrostatically tested to a pressure of 1.4 times design pressure in
accordance with Specification for Hydrostatic Testing.

According to OISD 141 -the total of the following shall not exceed the SMYS of the pipe material.

1. The combined stress due to expansion

2. The longitudinal pressure stress
3. The longitudinal bending stress due to external loads.
In addition to the above, the sum of (b) and (c) shall not exceed 75% of SMYS

5.3 The minimum allowable radius of curvature for the pipeline shall be 1000 times the outside diameter of
the pipeline.

5.4 PIPELINE CONFIGURATION ALONG THE SUPPORT STRING BEFORE ENTRY POINT

For each crossing, CONTRACTOR shall determine the required pipeline configuration in order to allow
smooth pull in the crossing entry point and admissible stress in the supported pipeline string. Pipeline
combined stress shall not exceed 90% of the specified minimum yield strength for line pipe material.
CONTRACTOR shall furnish all calculations and specify the number of required supports, description of the
supports, their coordinates and capacity in metric ton. CONTRACTOR shall also furnish a drawing of the
launching ramp indicating the pipeline configuration. The distance between each roller shall also be
specified.

5.5 CONRACTOR shall, based on results of design and engineering carried out by him, prepare construction
drawings for each river crossing and shall submit the same for OWNER/CONSULTANT'S approval,

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Construction drawings shall indicate the pipeline profile with levels furnished at sufficient intervals. Details
such as, entry and exit points and angles, radius of curvature, etc. shall also be indicated. CONTRACTOR shall
also calculate the total length of pipeline required as well as the maximum tension required on the pull head
of the rig.

All construction works shall be carried out in accordance with the construction drawings, approved by
OWNER.

Before commencement of any installation works, CONTRACTOR shall furnish for OWNER Approval all
design calculations as specified above

6.0 CONSTRUCTION

The method of CONSTRUCTTON shall comply with all the conditions and requirement issued by Authorities
having jurisdiction in the area where the work is to be performed.

If no public road exists, CONTRACTOR shall arrange for access to his work area at no extra cost to OWNER.

CONTRACTOR shall carry out geo-technical and hydrographical survey and the same shall be submitted to
OWNER for review and approval.

6.1 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE

CONTRACTOR shall, before commencing any work at site, submit for OWNER approval a detailed installation
procedure for each river crossing:

The installation procedure as a minimum shall include the following:

1. Project Manpower deployment at site and co-ordination office.

2. Time schedule for construction.
3. Details of equipment: CONTRACTOR shall furnish the complete list of all equipment to be deployed for
preparation of pipe string and installation of crossing including technical characteristics and capacity of
each equipment, instrumentation, and monitoring and control equipment.
4. Preparation of fabrication yard and launching areas.
5. Pipeline string preparation (hauling stringing, welding, etc.).
6. Pre- hydrostatic test procedure.
7. Method of installation covering all stages of construction, viz. Rig up, Pilot Hole, Back- reaming, Pulling.
Rig Down, Back filling, etc.
8. Calculations for maximum pulling force on the rig.
9. Hole Collapse & Pipe Buckling Calculation
10. Cold field bending and tie-in details.

The time schedule shall be in accordance with overall time schedule for the project. Approval by OWNER of
the methods used by CONTRACTOR shall in no way relieve CONTRACTOR from the sole responsibility for safe
and satisfactory installation of the crossing.

6.2 R.O.W. PREPARATION

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CONTRACTOR shall arrange additional land required for pipeline string preparation, rig set-up and launching
operations. CONTRACTOR shall clear and grade the length of ROW required for installation of the land
portion and drilled river-crossing portion. CONTRACTOR shall do such grading on ROW as necessary and
properly to perform the pipeline construction operations, to provide access to the pipeline construction and
to ensure safe construction of pipeline.

CONTRACTOR shall ensure that his construction activities shall not cause inconvenience to public nor shall
there be any undue interference with the normal use of the land and watercourses.

6.3 HANDLING, HAULING, STORING AND STRINGING OF PIPES AND OTHER MATERIALS
CONTRACTOR shall be fully responsible for arranging and paying for storage areas. CONTRACTOR shall load,
unload, transport and stock-pile the coated pipes using approved suitable means and in a manner to avoid
damage to the pipe and coating. Transportation and handling of coated pipes shall also comply with
requirements of API RP 5L-1.

6.4 PIPE STRING

Complete pipe string shall he prepare as a single string for pulling:

6.5 LINING-UP, WELDING & FIELD JOINT COMPLETION

a) The lining-up, welding and field joint coating completion shall be in accordance with Relevant
specifications

6.6 INSTALLATION

6.6.1 Installation shall be taken in accordance with approved installation procedures.

6.6.2 The lateral offset of the actual exit point of the pilot hole from the calculated and theoretical exit
point shall not exceed +/- 0.5% of the length of the crossing, however the actual exit point shall not come
outside the ROU limits of the pipeline.

The length tolerance shall not exceed +/- 0.5% of the crossing length, subject to the condition that the actual
exit point shall be within the limits of crossing as defined in the approved drawings.

6.6.3 Back reaming shall be done separately from the pipeline pulling operation. The size of the back-
reamed hole shall be adequate (approximately 1.5 times the pipeline diameter) to allow enough clearance
for smooth pull-back of the pipeline.

6.6.4 CONTRACTOR shall be responsible for maintaining the drilled hole till such time the pipeline is pulled
in.

6.6.5 During pulling operation, the buoyancy of the pipeline shall be controlled by suitable approved
methods so as to maintain the buoyancy as close as possible to zero during pull-back in order to reduce
friction forces of the pipeline in the hole.

Bentonite slurry of specified viscosity shall be pumped into the hole, preventing the wall from collapsing and
protecting the pipeline coating.

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6.6.6 CONTRACTOR shall provide suitable facilities to OWNER’S personnel to witness all stages of
construction.

6.6.7 CONTRACTOR shall be responsible for the integrity of the corrosion coating and shall apply necessary
approved protective coatings.

Coating inspection of the pipeline after completion of pulling operation shall be made by:
a) Pulling the pipe to the extent possible with normal rig set tip at the exit point;
b) Excavating the adjacent portion tip to and including the first held joint.

The pipeline and joint coating shall be examined visually and with holiday detectors for defect. The length to
be inspected shall, as a minimum, be one pipe length and one joint coating. In case damages/holidays are
detected in the first pipe length/joint, the subsequent pipe length /joint shall be exposed and coating
integrity checks shall be made. If found acceptable by OWNER, the first pipe length/ joint shall be repaired
and/or replaced as directed by OWNER. If the coating of second pipe length/ joint is also found damaged,
CONTRACTOR shall propose further course of action and OWNER instructions shall be followed. All such
works shall be done at no extra cost to OWNER.

6.6.8 Before final hydrostatic testing, CONTRACTOR shall prove the diameter of the pipeline by passing a
gauging (caliper) pig through the pipeline. The gauging pig shall have a diameter equal to 95% of the nominal
internal diameter or the pipe. CONTRACTOR shall supply and install all temporary scraper launchers/
receivers and other equipment, piping and materials and consumables for the purpose.

6.6.9 CONTRACTOR shall obtain plans and full details of all existing and planned underground services
from the relevant Local Authorities and shall be responsible for location and protection of the same.
CONTRACTOR shall execute the work at the crossings as per guidelines of the authorities having jurisdiction
and to the satisfaction of the OWNER.

6.6.10 after pulling the pipeline across the drilled crossing, CONTRACTOR shall cut the extended portion of
the pipeline at the entry and exit points. Thereafter, the drilled portion of the pipeline shall be cut at suitable
location/depth and extended on either bank by installing a cold field bend with minimum bend radius as
specified in the relevant specification and a straight pipe length of 12 m, such that at the ends the top of the
pipeline is minimum 1.2m below the natural ground level.

7.0 HYDROSTATIC TESTING

7.1 Pre- testing

CONTRACTOR shall hydrostatically pre-test the complete pipe string of each river crossing before installation
as per approved procedure.

a) The section of the pipeline corresponding to the river crossing shall, before installation, be
subjected to pre-hydrostatic at 1.5 times of design pressure of pipe as specified in this
specification. After the temperature has been stabilized, the pressure shall be maintained in the
pipeline for at least 4 hours and recorded. During the test, CONTRACTOR shall check all welds for
leakage. Failure, if any, during the test shall be rectified by the CONTRACTOR to the satisfaction
of OWNER at no extra cost. The method adopted for pre-hydro testing shall be in accordance
with Document No. P.013554 D 11031 050

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7.2 De watering-Cleaning

Once the tests have been declared satisfactory, the pipeline shall be de watered and properly cleaned and
dried

7.3 FINAL CLEAN UP

After completion of construction, CONTRACTOR shall clear the sites of all balance material and debris to the
satisfaction of OWNER and authorities having jurisdiction.
The ground occupied during the work shall be reinstated to its original condition as quickly as possible after
the completion of works.

CONTRACTOR shall take due care in disposing off inhibitor added water so that it doesn't cause any adverse
affect on the surrounding environment.

7.4 MARKINGS

The location of the pipe shall be clearly marked by suitable means: conventional yellow markers, overhead
markers, sign etc.

8.0 DOCUMENTATION

8.1 In addition to the documents specified elsewhere in this specification, CONTRACTOR shall submit to the
OWNER six copies each of the following documents/records.

8.2 DURING THE COURSE OF EXECUTION OF THE CROSSING

CONTRACTOR shall generate/compile the following data. It shall be obligatory on part of the
CONTRACTOR to furnish this data to OWNER in the event it is required for.

- Detailed drilling log and down hole data, including, but not limited to, the following:

a) Torque and pulling/pushing force

b) Data on drilling fluid consisting of the following:

i. Density
ii. Type of mud and additive employed
iii. Mixing, pumping and cleaning

 Wash and drill pipe data, viz.

a) Dimension and material properties,

b) Data on APT classification,

c) Type of inspection previously carried out on these pipes.

- Topics of the permits obtained from authorities having jurisdiction for the various works.

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- Detail profile of the drilled hole along with the water level variations.
- Records of hydrostatic pre-testing and final testing
- Record of Non Destructive Testing of welds.
- Clearance certificates from the land OWNER, authorities having jurisdiction regarding satisfactory
clean-up and restoration of pipeline ROU and work areas.
- Test certificate of all calibrated items.

8.3 After completion of construction, contractor shall prepare and furnish six sets of copies and two
sets of reproducible of As-Built drawings for the crossings. As built drawings shall, as a minimum include
the following information:

- True profile of the river bed and banks along the pipeline;
- True profile of the pipeline as installed;
- Depth of cover to top of-pipe at regular intervals;
- 'Location of entry and exit points and angles of entry and exit, along with lateral offset of exit point
from the original pipeline alignment;
- Location and angle of field bends; Location of pipeline markers.

9.0 SAFETY

1. All employees/workers should use PPE and will be trained.

2. All equipments and machinery will be checked & approved by HSE Team.
3. Entry pit/ Exit pit will be barricaded/ will shoring & struck.
All electrical cable/instrument should be met HSE requirement.

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