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Ransomware Attack Playbook

Ransomware Attack Playbook

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130 views4 pages

Ransomware Attack Playbook

Ransomware Attack Playbook

Uploaded by

priya_psalms
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Ransomware Attack Playbook

Author : G. M. Faruk Ahmed, CISSP, CISA Date : 2024-12-16

Introduction

Ransomware is one of the most pervasive and damaging cybersecurity threats.


Originating in the late 1980s, ransomware has evolved into a sophisticated threat
targeting businesses and individuals globally. This playbook offers a detailed guide to
managing ransomware incidents, from prevention to recovery.

Process Map: Ransomware Attack Lifecycle

A ransomware attack follows a predictable lifecycle:

1. Initial Access: Using phishing emails or exploiting vulnerabilities.

2. Execution: Deploying the ransomware payload.

3. Persistence: Establishing control over critical systems.

4. Data Exfiltration and Encryption: Locking data to prevent access.

5. Extortion: Demanding ransom for decryption or preventing leaks.

Below is a visual process map for clarity:

(Insert process map graphic here).

Detailed Phases of a Ransomware Attack

Each phase of a ransomware attack can be broken down as follows:

• Initial Access: Phishing emails, unpatched vulnerabilities, or malicious


downloads are common entry points.

• Execution: The ransomware begins encrypting files, spreading to other systems.

• Persistence: Attackers secure access, making removal difficult.

• Data Exfiltration and Encryption: Sensitive data is exfiltrated before


encryption.

• Extortion: A ransom note is delivered, threatening data leaks or permanent loss.


Preventive Measures

Preventing ransomware requires a multi-layered approach:

• Technical Controls:

◦ Use firewalls and intrusion detection systems.

◦ Implement endpoint detection and response (EDR).

◦ Regularly update software and systems.

• Employee Awareness:

◦ Conduct regular training sessions.

◦ Perform phishing simulation exercises.

• Backup Strategy:

◦ Use a 3-2-1 backup strategy (3 copies, 2 media types, 1 offsite).

• Zero Trust Architecture:

◦ Limit access to critical systems.

◦ Apply least privilege principles.

Incident Detection and Analysis

Detecting ransomware early can limit damage. Key indicators include:

• Unexpected file extensions or encrypted files.

• Spikes in CPU or network usage.

• Unauthorized access attempts.

Tools to aid detection:

• Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) systems.

• Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) solutions.

• File integrity monitoring.

Incident Response Plan

A robust response plan is critical:

1. Isolate Infected Systems:

◦ Disconnect affected systems from the network.

◦ Prevent further spread.


2. Notify Teams:

◦ Alert internal stakeholders.

◦ Inform law enforcement if required.

3. Assess Scope:

◦ Identify affected systems and data.

◦ Determine the ransomware variant.

4. Neutralize Threat:

◦ Deploy anti-malware tools.

◦ Restore systems using backups.

(Include an incident response flow diagram for illustration).

Case Study: WannaCry

The 2017 WannaCry ransomware attack infected over 200,000 computers globally.
Exploiting a vulnerability in Windows, the attack targeted organizations like the UK's
National Health Service (NHS). The incident highlighted the importance of timely
updates and proactive monitoring.

Recovery and Post-Incident Activities

Post-incident recovery focuses on:

• Data Restoration:

◦ Use verified backups to recover data.

◦ Validate systems before reconnecting to the network.

• Forensic Analysis:

◦ Identify vulnerabilities exploited.

◦ Document lessons learned.

• Update Playbook:

◦ Revise response strategies based on insights.

◦ Conduct additional employee training.


Appendices

• Tools and Resources:

◦ Recommended tools: SIEM, EDR, Backup solutions.

• Checklists:

◦ Preparation: Backups, employee training.

◦ Response: Isolation, stakeholder notification.

• Key Contacts:

◦ Law enforcement, cybersecurity vendors, internal teams.

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