IT WORKSHOP NAME:- AYUSH KUMAR

ROLL NO.:-2224333

CPU
A central processing unit (CPU)—
also called a central
processor or main processor—is
the most important processor in a
given computer. Its electronic
circuitry executes instructions of
a computer program, such
as arithmetic, logic, controlling,
and input/output (I/O) operations.
This role contrasts with that of
external components, such as main
memory and I/O circuitry, and
specialized coprocessors such
as graphics processing units (GPUs).
The form, design, and
implementation of CPUs have
changed over time, but their
fundamental operation remains
almost unchanged. Principal components of a CPU include the arithmetic–logic unit (ALU)
that performs arithmetic and logic operations, processor registers that supply operands to the
ALU and store the results of ALU operations, and a control unit that orchestrates the fetching
(from memory), decoding and execution (of instructions) by directing the coordinated
operations of the ALU, registers, and other components.
Most modern CPUs are implemented on integrated circuit (IC) microprocessors, with one or
more CPUs on a single IC chip. Microprocessor chips with multiple CPUs are multi-core
processors. The individual physical CPUs, processor cores, can also be multithreaded to
create additional virtual or logical CPUs.
An IC that contains a CPU may also contain memory, peripheral interfaces, and other
components of a computer; such integrated devices are variously
called microcontrollers or systems on a chip (SoC).
Array processors or vector processors have multiple processors that operate in parallel, with
no unit considered central. Virtual CPUs are an abstraction of dynamically aggregated
computational resources.
Early computers such as the ENIAC had to be physically rewired to perform different tasks,
which caused these machines to be called "fixed-program computers". The "central
processing unit" term has been in use since as early as 1955. Since the term "CPU" is
generally defined as a device for software (computer program) execution, the earliest devices
that could rightly be called CPUs came with the advent of the stored-program computer.

MAIN COMPONENTS OF CPU

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IT WORKSHOP NAME:- AYUSH KUMAR
ROLL NO.:-2224333

 MOTHERBOARD
A motherboard, also known as a mainboard or logic board, is a central component in a
computer. It serves as a platform for connecting and integrating various hardware
components, including the CPU, RAM, storage drives, graphics card, and peripherals. The

motherboard provides electrical and data pathways for these components to communicate and
interact, facilitated by buses and connectors. It also houses essential features like BIOS or
UEFI firmware, which enable system initialization and configuration. Motherboards come in
various form factors and feature sets, influencing a computer's capabilities and expandability,
making them a crucial element in determining system performance and compatibility.

 RAM

RAM, or Random Access Memory, is

a vital component in computers and
electronic devices. It serves as
temporary fast-access storage for data
that the CPU is currently working on.
It allows quick reading and writing of
data, enabling efficient multitasking
and smooth operation. When a
computer is powered off, the data in
RAM is erased, as it's volatile memory.
RAM's capacity and speed influence a system's
performance, with larger capacities accommodating more applications simultaneously.
Modern RAM types include DDR4 and DDR5, offering increased data transfer rates.
RAM's role in providing fast data access significantly impacts a system's speed and
responsiveness.

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IT WORKSHOP NAME:- AYUSH KUMAR
ROLL NO.:-2224333
 SSD

A Solid State
Drive (SSD) is a
high-performance
data storage
device used in
computers and
other electronic
devices. It
employs NAND-
based flash
memory to store
data, providing faster
read and write speeds compared to
traditional Hard Disk Drives (HDDs). SSDs have no moving parts, making them more
durable, energy-efficient, and resistant to shocks. They significantly improve system
boot times, application loading, and overall responsiveness. SSDs come in various
form factors and interfaces, such as SATA, NVMe, and M.2, offering different levels
of performance and compatibility. Their adoption has revolutionized storage
technology by enhancing data access and transfer speeds.

 PSU

A Central
Processing Unit
(CPU) is the core
computational
component of a
computer,
executing
instructions and
performing tasks. It
interprets and
carries out program
instructions,
managing data
manipulation, logic operations,
and system control. The Power Supply Unit (PSU) is responsible for converting and
delivering electrical power from an outlet to various components within a computer. It
provides the necessary voltages and currents for stable operation of the CPU, along
with other hardware components. A PSU's wattage rating determines the system's
power capacity. Efficient power delivery ensures proper CPU function and overall
system performance.

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IT WORKSHOP NAME:- AYUSH KUMAR
ROLL NO.:-2224333

 CPU FAN

A CPU fan, also known as a

heatsink fan, is a cooling
component vital for
maintaining a processor's
temperature within safe
limits. It dissipates heat
generated by the CPU
during operation,
preventing overheating
that could damage the
processor. The fan is
mounted on a heatsink,
which enhances heat
dissipation. As the CPU
operates, the fan circulates
air over the heatsink,
transferring heat away from the
processor. PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) technology allows for variable fan speeds
based on temperature, optimizing cooling performance. A properly functioning CPU
fan is crucial for stable system operation and preventing thermal throttling that could
impact performance

STEPS TO ASSEMBLE CPU

1. Prepare Your Workspace:

Set up a clean, well-lit workspace with proper tools and an anti-
static surface. Use an anti-static wrist strap to discharge any static
electricity from your body.
2. Gather Components:
3. Install CPU:
4. Install CPU Cooler:
5. Install RAM:
6. Install Storage Drives:
7. Mount Motherboard:
8. Connect Cables:
9. Connect Front Panel Wires:
10.Install Graphics Card:

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IT WORKSHOP NAME:- AYUSH KUMAR
ROLL NO.:-2224333
11.Organize Cables:
12.Close the Case:
13.Connect Peripherals:
14.Power On:
15.BIOS Configuration:

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