TLE/ICT 9

Third Quarter
Lesson 1
Getting Started with JavaScript
What is a Script?

A script is a set of computer instructions or

commands that puts together or connects existing
components to accomplish a new related task.
Scripts are typically written in plain text form and are
interpreted each time they are invoked.
 What is JavaScript?
• It is a scripting language.
• It is a powerful client-side scripting language that
is interpreted by the web browser.
• Enables web developers and designers to build
more functional and interactive websites.
• Enabled by default in most of the browsers.
• Allows webmasters to create cool applications on
the pages with relatively easier coding work.
 What is JavaScript?
• Light-weight because unlike server-side scripts, it
is directly interpreted by the browser without the
need for compiling which allows the webmasters to
do all the cool stuff without significantly reducing
loading speed.
• Readily available at no cost to developers as
opposed to platforms such as Flash.
 Is JavaScript same as Java?
• JavaScript was created by Brendan Eich for
Netscape, one of the pioneer web browsers.
• Originally it was called “Live Script” but then for
marketing reasons, it was changed to JavaScript
since the Java programming language had become
popular.
• JavaScript is not associated with Java.
 More of JavaScript
When visiting a JavaScript-enhanced website,
you essentially downloaded the HTML code to
display the site and all scripts inside it. Most
browsers have JavaScript enabled by default,
so the scripts run automatically when the
page loads or when you trigger a certain
action.
 Characteristics of JavaScript
1. Interpreted Language

JavaScript is what we call an interpreted language

due to the fact that it requires a browser to run.
Java – is a programming language that needs its
code to be compiled before it can be
executed.
JavaScript – was created to work together with
HTML and requires a web browser in order
to run
 Characteristics of JavaScript
1. Interpreted Language

This is the reason why the JavaScript source code

can easily be seen when you view the source code
of a JavaScript-enabled webpage.
 Characteristics of JavaScript
2. Scripting Language

Scripting languages are treated like programming

languages but they are normally created to
perform simple repetitive tasks.
 Characteristics of JavaScript
2. Scripting Language

They do not come with their own interfaces but

they provide instructions to other programs on
what to do. In case of JavaScript, it does not
contain the program on how the whole webpage
looks like but we can use it to change certain
elements of the webpage through the browser.
 Characteristics of JavaScript
3. Client-Side Scripting

There are two kinds of scripting for the Web:

a. Client-side
b. Server-side
 Characteristics of JavaScript
Server-side script – is executed on the actual server
machine that hosts the webpage.

Client-side script – is executed on the very machine

that the you are using.
 Characteristics of JavaScript
4. Object-Oriented Programming

Another advantage of JavaScript is that it presents

to you many things as objects and lets you easily
manipulate them. OOP is a programming style that
treats every element in a system as an object. In
OOP, each object has its associated functions,
called methods, which are the things that objects
know how to do.
 What You Already Know
To start scripting, you will need some tools. Most
likely, the computer/gadget you’re using already has
these tools:

• Text Editor – MS Notepad comes with your Windows

operating system. There are also a lot of free text
editors available for download in the internet.
 What You Already Know
Most browsers can support JavaScript and have the
ability to enable or disable it. Most browsers have set
JavaScript to “enabled” by default.

Few important things to know about JavaScript:

• JavaScript is normally embedded in your HTML
code so you don’t need modifications on the file
extension *.htm or *.html.
 What You Already Know
Few important things to know about JavaScript:
• Although you would normally embed JavaScript
into you HTML code, in some large scripts, you
can save them in a separate file like*.js and load
them into your browser by linking.
The Key in Understanding JavaScript
To improve your learning experience of JavaScript,
consider the following pointers:
• Learn at an optimal pace and do a lot of practice.
Although JavaScript is relatively easier to learn
than other scripting languages, it takes a lot of
practice to actually get yourself familiar with the
language. By learning at an optimal pace, you
can ensure that you’ll master the essentials.
The Key in Understanding JavaScript
• Understand the concept of objects.
JavaScript is an object-based language although it
is not classified as full-blown OOP. JavaScript has
few functions that are not part of objects but most
of its functionalities are contained in its objects.
To utilize JavaScript effectively is to understand
what objects are and how you can manipulate
them using methods, parameters and events.
The Key in Understanding JavaScript
The following terms are inevitably used in JavaScript
and in most other programming languages. It is good
to have a background on these concepts.
• Objects – are items that exist in the browser. The
browser window, the page itself, the status bar, and
the date and time stored in the browser are all
objects.
The Key in Understanding JavaScript
• Methods – are actions to be performed on or by an
object. Methods also represent functions that are
designed for a specific purpose like doing math or
parsing strings.
• Properties – are an existing subsection of an
object. It is important to learn these basic
concepts in programming.
The Key in Understanding JavaScript
• Event – something which happens or which is done
such as loading a page, holding a mouse over a link,
or clicking a link. You can actually write scripts and
set them to execute when a specific event occurs.
• Parameter – data or other objects which describe
the characteristics of an object.
The Key in Understanding JavaScript
• Type – type of variable such as integers, string,
floating point, or Boolean.
• Type conversion – the act of converting a variable
from one type to another.
Note:
A script is a set of computer instructions or
commands that puts together or connects existing
components to accomplish a new related task.
JavaScript is a powerful scripting language used to
create web functionalities. A text editor and a web
browser are the tools needed in JavaScripting. The
basic components of JavaScript language are
objects, methods and properties. Knowing these
components helps you to better understand the use
of JavaScript.
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