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AMC 8 Key Concepts 3

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33 views1 page

AMC 8 Key Concepts 3

Uploaded by

cs811201
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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AMC 8

Key concepts in Number Theory


3. Greatest Common Divisor (GCD) and Least Common
Multiple (LCM)
Solving problems involving the GCD and LCM of two or more numbers.

Find the GCD and LCM of 12 and 18.

GCD(12, 18):

 Factors of 12: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
 Factors of 18: 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18
 The common factors are 1, 2, 3, 6.
 Therefore, GCD(12, 18) = 6.

LCM(12, 18):

 Multiples of 12: 12, 24, 36, ...


 Multiples of 18: 18, 36, 54, ...
 The least common multiple is 36.
 Therefore, LCM(12, 18) = 36.
Example 2:

Find the GCD and LCM of 24 and 36.

GCD(24, 36):

 Factors of 24: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24


 Factors of 36: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 36
 The common factors are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12.
 Therefore, GCD(24, 36) = 12.

LCM(24, 36):

 Multiples of 24: 24, 48, 72, ...


 Multiples of 36: 36, 72, 108, ...
 The least common multiple is 72.
 Therefore, LCM(24, 36) = 72.

These examples illustrate how to find the GCD and LCM by identifying factors
and multiples, respectively, and then determining the common factors or
least common multiple.

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