1.

Perform Recovery in NOARCHIVELOG Mode

1. Which type of backup is required to recover a database in NOARCHIVELOG

mode?

o A) Incremental Backup

o B) Logical Backup

o C) Consistent Full Backup

o D) Archived Log Backup

Answer: C) Consistent Full Backup

2. What command is used to open the database after recovery in

NOARCHIVELOG mode?

o A) ALTER DATABASE OPEN

o B) ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS

o C) STARTUP NOMOUNT

o D) RECOVER DATABASE
Answer: B) ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS

2. Perform Complete Recovery in ARCHIVELOG Mode

3. Which mode allows recovery to the last committed transaction?

o A) ARCHIVELOG

o B) NOARCHIVELOG

o C) NOMOUNT

o D) MOUNT
Answer: A) ARCHIVELOG

4. What is the first step in performing recovery in ARCHIVELOG mode?

o A) Open the database

o B) Apply redo logs

o C) Restore affected datafiles

o D) Reset the logs

Answer: C) Restore affected datafiles
3. Use the Flash Recovery Area for Fast Recovery

5. What is the primary purpose of the Flash Recovery Area (FRA)?

o A) Storing control files

o B) Storing redo logs

o C) Centralized storage for recovery-related files

o D) Performing table recovery

Answer: C) Centralized storage for recovery-related files

6. What command can be used to configure the Flash Recovery Area?

o A) ALTER DATABASE FRA

o B) ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

o C) ALTER SYSTEM SET FRA_LOCATION

o D) ALTER DATABASE ENABLE FRA

Answer: B) ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

4. Automatic Tempfile Recovery

7. Which tablespace type does not require backup because it is automatically

recreated?

o A) Undo Tablespace

o B) Temporary Tablespace

o C) SYSTEM Tablespace

o D) SYSAUX Tablespace
Answer: B) Temporary Tablespace

8. When are tempfiles recreated automatically?

o A) During database shutdown

o B) During recovery and database startup

o C) After a checkpoint

o D) After a log switch

Answer: B) During recovery and database startup
5. Identify the Database Files to Restore and Recover

9. Which view provides information about missing or corrupted datafiles?

o A) V$LOG

o B) V$DATAFILE

o C) V$CONTROLFILE

o D) V$SESSION
Answer: B) V$DATAFILE

10. Which RMAN command identifies files requiring recovery?

o A) LIST FAILURE

o B) REPORT NEED BACKUP

o C) RESTORE DATABASE

o D) VALIDATE DATABASE
Answer: A) LIST FAILURE

6. Preview Backups Used in Restore Operations

11. What command previews the backups used in restore operations?

o A) RESTORE DATABASE PREVIEW

o B) SHOW BACKUP

o C) LIST BACKUP

o D) REPORT BACKUP
Answer: A) RESTORE DATABASE PREVIEW

7. Apply Incremental Backups to Restore Datafile Image Copies

12. What feature accelerates the application of incremental backups?

o A) Block Compression

o B) Block Change Tracking

o C) Flashback Logs

o D) Parallel Recovery
Answer: B) Block Change Tracking
8. The SWITCH Command

13. What does the SWITCH command do in RMAN?

o A) Changes file permissions

o B) Updates control file metadata to point to a restored file

o C) Restores datafiles to a new location

o D) Resets the database logs

Answer: B) Updates control file metadata to point to a restored file

9. The Data Recovery Advisor

14. Which RMAN command lists database failures?

o A) REPORT FAILURE

o B) LIST FAILURE

o C) VALIDATE DATABASE

o D) SHOW FAILURE
Answer: B) LIST FAILURE

15. What command executes automatic repairs suggested by the Data Recovery
Advisor?

o A) FIX FAILURE

o B) RECOVER DATABASE

o C) REPAIR FAILURE

o D) RESTORE FAILURE
Answer: C) REPAIR FAILURE

10. Perform Incomplete Recovery (PITR)

16. What is required after performing an incomplete recovery?

o A) Applying redo logs

o B) Using the RESETLOGS command

o C) Rebuilding indexes
 o D) Backing up the temporary tablespace
Answer: B) Using the RESETLOGS command

11. Restore and Recover a Tablespace

17. Which RMAN command restores a tablespace?

o A) LIST TABLESPACE

o B) RESTORE TABLESPACE

o C) BACKUP TABLESPACE

o D) VALIDATE TABLESPACE
Answer: B) RESTORE TABLESPACE

12. Restore and Recover Datafiles

18. What command is used to recover a single datafile?

o A) RECOVER DATAFILE

o B) RESTORE FILE

o C) RECOVER TABLESPACE

o D) LIST FILE
Answer: A) RECOVER DATAFILE

13. Recover a Datafile Not Backed Up

19. How can a missing datafile be recreated if not backed up?

o A) Use a full export

o B) Use the CREATE DATAFILE command

o C) Restore all datafiles

o D) Apply undo logs

Answer: B) Use the CREATE DATAFILE command

14. Table Recovery from Backups

20. What command recovers a table using RMAN?

 o A) RECOVER DATABASE

o B) RECOVER TABLE

o C) RESTORE TABLE

o D) VALIDATE TABLE
Answer: B) RECOVER TABLE

15. Recover Individual Data Blocks

21. Which command repairs corrupted database blocks?

o A) REPAIR BLOCK

o B) RECOVER BLOCK

o C) VALIDATE BLOCK

o D) LIST BLOCK
Answer: B) RECOVER BLOCK

1. Advanced Concepts in NOARCHIVELOG Mode

1. In NOARCHIVELOG mode, what happens if an incremental Level 0 backup is

attempted while the database is open?

o A) RMAN performs the backup successfully.

o B) RMAN throws an error and exits.

o C) RMAN switches to a full backup implicitly.

o D) RMAN skips all online datafiles.

Answer: B) RMAN throws an error and exits.

2. Advanced ARCHIVELOG Recovery

2. If you lose both the current redo log group and some archived logs during
recovery in ARCHIVELOG mode, what recovery options remain?

o A) Perform a complete recovery.

o B) Perform an incomplete recovery using UNTIL SCN.

o C) Use the last backup without restoring redo logs.

 o D) Open the database with RESETLOGS.
Answer: B) Perform an incomplete recovery using UNTIL SCN.

3. Flash Recovery Area

3. Which background process ensures archived logs are written to the Flash
Recovery Area during a log switch?

o A) LGWR

o B) ARCn

o C) DBWR

o D) RVWR
Answer: B) ARCn

4. When does RMAN delete obsolete backups stored in the Flash Recovery
Area?

o A) When DELETE OBSOLETE is executed manually.

o B) Automatically after 30 days.

o C) When space pressure occurs, and retention policy permits.

o D) During a checkpoint operation.

Answer: C) When space pressure occurs, and retention policy permits.

4. Tempfile Management

5. How does RMAN handle tempfiles during a restore operation if the

temporary tablespace is missing?

o A) Automatically recreates tempfiles during database recovery.

o B) Logs an error and halts the operation.

o C) Excludes the tempfile from restoration.

o D) Issues a warning and requires manual tempfile creation.

Answer: A) Automatically recreates tempfiles during database recovery.

5. Identifying Database Files

 6. How does RMAN determine which files need restoration during a recovery
operation?

o A) By querying the V$BACKUP_DATAFILE view.

o B) Using the backup metadata in the control file or recovery catalog.

o C) By comparing datafile timestamps.

o D) Through manual user input.

Answer: B) Using the backup metadata in the control file or recovery
catalog.

6. Incremental Backup and Block Change Tracking

7. What is the primary benefit of enabling Block Change Tracking (BCT) for
incremental backups?

o A) Reduces backup time by only reading changed blocks.

o B) Ensures incremental backups are always consistent.

o C) Allows RMAN to validate all data blocks automatically.

o D) Provides point-in-time recovery capabilities.

Answer: A) Reduces backup time by only reading changed blocks.

8. Which of the following commands verifies that Block Change Tracking is

enabled?

o A) SHOW BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING;

o B) SELECT * FROM V$BLOCK_CHANGE_TRACKING;

o C) LIST BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING;

o D) VALIDATE BLOCK TRACKING;

Answer: B) SELECT * FROM V$BLOCK_CHANGE_TRACKING;

7. Preview and Switch Operations

9. In a RESTORE PREVIEW operation, what happens if RMAN detects missing

backup pieces?

o A) The preview completes without warnings.

o B) RMAN exits with an error.

 o C) The missing pieces are noted in the output.

o D) RMAN restores available files and skips the missing ones.

Answer: C) The missing pieces are noted in the output.

10. What is the primary function of the SWITCH command in RMAN?

o A) To restore missing control files.

o B) To update the control file to point to a new copy of a datafile.

o C) To initiate a backup of all database files.

o D) To switch between multiplexed redo logs.

Answer: B) To update the control file to point to a new copy of a datafile.

8. Incomplete Recovery

11. When performing Point-In-Time Recovery (PITR), which RMAN option is

required?

o A) UNTIL TIME

o B) RESETLOGS

o C) VALIDATE BACKUP

o D) CATALOG BACKUP
Answer: A) UNTIL TIME

12. Which database state is required to perform an incomplete recovery?

o A) OPEN

o B) MOUNT

o C) NOMOUNT

o D) RECOVERY
Answer: B) MOUNT

9. Recovering Tables and Data Blocks

13. What is the primary prerequisite for performing RMAN table recovery?

o A) Active FRA

o B) A valid full backup and archived logs

 o C) Tempfile recovery enabled

o D) Flashback logs
Answer: B) A valid full backup and archived logs

14. When recovering individual blocks, what view provides details about
corrupted blocks?

o A) V$DATABASE_BLOCK_CORRUPTION

o B) V$DATAFILE_BLOCK_CORRUPTION

o C) V$BACKUP_CORRUPTION

o D) V$CORRUPT_BLOCKS
Answer: A) V$DATABASE_BLOCK_CORRUPTION

10. Data Recovery Advisor

15. What command repairs identified failures automatically in RMAN?

o A) FIX FAILURE

o B) REPAIR FAILURE

o C) LIST FAILURE

o D) VALIDATE FAILURE
Answer: B) REPAIR FAILURE

16. What does the Data Recovery Advisor rely on to diagnose failures?

o A) User-provided inputs

o B) RMAN metadata in the control file or recovery catalog

o C) Dynamic views like V$DATABASE_FAILURE

o D) Manual diagnostic scripts

Answer: B) RMAN metadata in the control file or recovery catalog

11. Advanced Restore and Recovery

17. Which command combines the application of incremental backups with the
recovery of image copies?

o A) RECOVER COPY OF DATABASE

o B) ROLL FORWARD DATABASE

 o C) APPLY INCREMENTAL BACKUP

o D) VALIDATE BACKUP
Answer: A) RECOVER COPY OF DATABASE

18. In what scenario would the NOLOGGING mode prevent complete recovery?

o A) Datafiles are restored from a Level 0 backup.

o B) A large direct-path insert operation was performed.

o C) Tempfiles are not backed up.

o D) Archived logs are missing from FRA.

Answer: B) A large direct-path insert operation was performed.

1. What does RMAN stand for?

o A) Recovery Management and Analysis

o B) Recovery Manager

o C) Reliable Manager

o D) Relational Manager
Answer: B) Recovery Manager

2. Which RMAN command lists all backups?

o A) REPORT BACKUP

o B) LIST BACKUP

o C) SHOW BACKUP

o D) DISPLAY BACKUP
Answer: B) LIST BACKUP

3. What does the VALIDATE BACKUP command do?

o A) Deletes obsolete backups.

o B) Checks if backups are accessible and not corrupted.

o C) Compresses the backups.

 o D) Restores the database.
Answer: B) Checks if backups are accessible and not corrupted.

4. What is the purpose of the Flash Recovery Area (FRA)?

o A) Temporary storage for RMAN logs.

o B) Centralized storage for backups, archived logs, and recovery files.

o C) Location for user data files.

o D) Repository for SQL scripts.

Answer: B) Centralized storage for backups, archived logs, and recovery
files.

5. Which file stores database metadata and is critical for recovery?

o A) Redo Log File

o B) Control File

o C) Archive Log File

o D) Tempfile
Answer: B) Control File

2. Moderate Questions

6. What is the effect of the DELETE OBSOLETE command in RMAN?

o A) Deletes all backups.

o B) Deletes expired backups.

o C) Deletes backups no longer needed based on retention policy.

o D) Deletes corrupted backups.

Answer: C) Deletes backups no longer needed based on retention policy.

7. What does the CROSSCHECK command do in RMAN?

o A) Deletes unavailable backups.

o B) Compares metadata in the catalog/control file with actual backup files.

o C) Repairs corrupted backups.

o D) Recovers the database.

Answer: B) Compares metadata in the catalog/control file with actual
backup files.
 8. What is required for performing online (hot) backups?

o A) Database must be in NOARCHIVELOG mode.

o B) Database must be in ARCHIVELOG mode.

o C) Tempfiles must be backed up first.

o D) The database must be in NOMOUNT state.

Answer: B) Database must be in ARCHIVELOG mode.

9. Which RMAN feature allows you to apply only changed blocks during
recovery?

o A) Block Compression

o B) Block Change Tracking

o C) Flashback Logs

o D) Incremental Rollback
Answer: B) Block Change Tracking

10. What command is used to display RMAN configuration settings?

o A) LIST CONFIGURE

o B) SHOW ALL

o C) DISPLAY SETTINGS

o D) VALIDATE CONFIGURE
Answer: B) SHOW ALL

3. Advanced Questions

11. What command restores a specific tablespace in RMAN?

o A) RESTORE DATAFILE

o B) RESTORE TABLESPACE

o C) RECOVER TABLESPACE

o D) VALIDATE TABLESPACE
Answer: B) RESTORE TABLESPACE

12. When performing an incomplete recovery, what additional step must be

performed before opening the database?

o A) Apply redo logs.

 o B) Use the RESETLOGS option.

o C) Create tempfiles.

o D) Restart the database.

Answer: B) Use the RESETLOGS option.

13. Which view shows corrupted blocks in a database?

o A) V$DATABASE_BLOCK_CORRUPTION

o B) V$BACKUP_CORRUPTION

o C) V$DATA_CORRUPTION

o D) V$CORRUPT_LOG
Answer: A) V$DATABASE_BLOCK_CORRUPTION

14. Which command is used to catalog a backup created with operating system
commands?

o A) LIST BACKUP

o B) CROSSCHECK BACKUP

o C) CATALOG BACKUPPIECE

o D) REGISTER BACKUP
Answer: C) CATALOG BACKUPPIECE

15. What happens to RMAN metadata after using the RESETLOGS option?

o A) Metadata remains unchanged.

o B) Metadata is deleted from the control file and recovery catalog.

o C) RMAN creates a new database incarnation.

o D) The database is automatically backed up.

Answer: C) RMAN creates a new database incarnation.

4. Expert-Level Questions

16. How does RMAN optimize backup performance when Block Change Tracking
is enabled?

o A) Only changed blocks are read and backed up.

o B) Blocks are compressed before backup.

o C) Incremental backups are stored as cumulative copies.

 o D) Redo logs are applied automatically during backup.
Answer: A) Only changed blocks are read and backed up.

17. Which command is used to repair failures automatically with the Data
Recovery Advisor?

o A) ADVISE FAILURE

o B) REPAIR FAILURE

o C) LIST FAILURE

o D) VALIDATE FAILURE
Answer: B) REPAIR FAILURE

18. What is the result of over-multiplexing in RMAN backups?

o A) Faster backups but slower recovery.

o B) CPU bottlenecks due to excessive read/write operations.

o C) Increased disk I/O but reduced CPU usage.

o D) Reduced performance due to higher contention for system resources.

Answer: D) Reduced performance due to higher contention for system
resources.

19. Which RMAN feature combines incremental backups with image copies?

o A) Block Compression

o B) Incremental Roll Forward

o C) Incremental Apply

o D) Recovery Rolling Backup

Answer: B) Incremental Roll Forward

20. In which scenario is Point-In-Time Recovery (PITR) most appropriate?

o A) Physical corruption of datafiles.

o B) Logical corruption or accidental data deletion.

o C) Media failure affecting redo logs.

o D) Missing tempfiles.
Answer: B) Logical corruption or accidental data deletion.
1. Backup Validation Scenario

1. Your organization requires you to ensure that all backups are accessible and
free of corruption. Which RMAN command should you use to fulfill this
requirement without performing a restore?

o A) CROSSCHECK BACKUP

o B) VALIDATE BACKUP

o C) LIST BACKUP

o D) RESTORE DATABASE
Answer: B) VALIDATE BACKUP

2. Block Corruption Scenario

2. A user reports errors while querying a table, and you suspect block
corruption in one of the datafiles. Which RMAN command will you use to
recover the corrupted blocks without affecting the entire datafile?

o A) RESTORE DATAFILE

o B) RECOVER BLOCK

o C) VALIDATE BLOCK

o D) REPAIR FAILURE
Answer: B) RECOVER BLOCK

3. Point-in-Time Recovery Scenario

3. A developer accidentally dropped a critical table at 2:30 PM, and the

database operates in ARCHIVELOG mode. What is the most appropriate
recovery method to restore the database to 2:29 PM?

o A) Complete recovery

o B) Point-in-Time Recovery (PITR)

o C) Flashback Table

o D) Restore a previous full backup and restart the database

Answer: B) Point-in-Time Recovery (PITR)

4. Datafile Loss Scenario

 4. During routine operations, a datafile goes missing, and you need to restore it
without impacting other datafiles. Which RMAN command sequence should
you use?

o A) RESTORE DATABASE; RECOVER DATABASE;

o B) RESTORE DATAFILE <file_id>; RECOVER DATAFILE <file_id>;

o C) CROSSCHECK BACKUP; RESTORE DATABASE;

o D) RESTORE ARCHIVELOG ALL; RECOVER DATABASE;

Answer: B) RESTORE DATAFILE <file_id>; RECOVER DATAFILE <file_id>;

5. Flash Recovery Area Scenario

5. You notice that the Flash Recovery Area (FRA) is almost full. Which action
can free up space without risking critical recovery files?

o A) Manually delete all archived redo logs.

o B) Run DELETE OBSOLETE in RMAN.

o C) Disable FRA and move backups to a new location.

o D) Increase the size of the FRA.

Answer: B) Run DELETE OBSOLETE in RMAN.

6. Cross-Check Scenario

6. After performing a manual deletion of old backup files from the disk, RMAN
still lists them as available. What should you do to synchronize RMAN's
metadata with the actual state of the backups?

o A) CROSSCHECK BACKUP

o B) DELETE BACKUP

o C) VALIDATE BACKUP

o D) LIST BACKUP
Answer: A) CROSSCHECK BACKUP

7. Recovery Catalog Scenario

7. You are tasked to back up the RMAN recovery catalog. What is the
recommended approach to ensure its recoverability?
 o A) Export the recovery catalog schema using Data Pump.

o B) Perform a full backup of the target database.

o C) Use the RMAN BACKUP RECOVERY CATALOG command.

o D) Include the recovery catalog database in your regular RMAN backups.

Answer: D) Include the recovery catalog database in your regular RMAN
backups.

8. Archived Log Corruption Scenario

8. You discover that some archived redo logs are corrupted, but the database is
running in ARCHIVELOG mode. What is the best recovery option?

o A) Restore the database from the last full backup.

o B) Perform an incomplete recovery using UNTIL SCN.

o C) Use Flashback Database to revert changes.

o D) Restore the corrupted logs and apply redo from valid logs.
Answer: B) Perform an incomplete recovery using UNTIL SCN.

9. Duplicate Database Scenario

9. You need to create a duplicate database for testing purposes without

affecting the production system. Which RMAN feature should you use?

o A) Restore and recover the database manually.

o B) Use the DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE command.

o C) Export and import the database using Data Pump.

o D) Use RECOVER DATABASE with SET NEWNAME.

Answer: B) Use the DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE command.

10. Tablespace Recovery Scenario

10. A user reports that a tablespace is unavailable due to corruption. How can
you recover only the affected tablespace without impacting other
tablespaces?

o A) RESTORE DATABASE; RECOVER DATABASE;

 o B) RESTORE TABLESPACE <tablespace_name>; RECOVER TABLESPACE
<tablespace_name>;

o C) BACKUP TABLESPACE <tablespace_name>;

o D) CROSSCHECK BACKUP; RECOVER TABLESPACE;

Answer: B) RESTORE TABLESPACE <tablespace_name>; RECOVER
TABLESPACE <tablespace_name>;

11. Automatic Tempfile Recovery Scenario

11. During a recovery operation, you notice that temporary tablespace files are
missing. What should you do?

o A) Restore the tempfiles from backup.

o B) Ignore them; tempfiles are automatically re-created.

o C) Manually create tempfiles after recovery.

o D) Reconfigure the temporary tablespace.

Answer: B) Ignore them; tempfiles are automatically re-created.

12. Incomplete Recovery Scenario

12. You need to recover the database to a point before an erroneous transaction
but still have archived logs. What should you do?

o A) Perform complete recovery.

o B) Perform Point-in-Time Recovery (PITR).

o C) Use Flashback Table.

o D) Apply incremental backups to undo the changes.

Answer: B) Perform Point-in-Time Recovery (PITR).

13. Data Recovery Advisor Scenario

13. Your RMAN job fails with multiple errors, and you suspect database
corruption. Which RMAN command provides recommendations to resolve
the failure?

o A) LIST FAILURE

o B) REPAIR FAILURE
 o C) ADVISE FAILURE

o D) VALIDATE BACKUP
Answer: C) ADVISE FAILURE

14. Table-Level Recovery Scenario

14. A table was accidentally dropped, and a full database recovery is not an
option. What RMAN feature allows you to recover the table?

o A) Table Recovery using RECOVER TABLE

o B) Export/Import

o C) Flashback Drop

o D) Duplicate the database and recover the table manually.

Answer: A) Table Recovery using RECOVER TABLE

15. Backup Optimization Scenario

15. You want to ensure that RMAN skips backing up files that have not changed
since the last backup. Which RMAN feature should you use?

o A) Incremental Backups

o B) Backup Compression

o C) Backup Optimization

o D) Fast Incremental Backups

Answer: C) Backup Optimization