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Mod4 CoefficientofFrictionOnlineLab Instructions

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54 views3 pages

Mod4 CoefficientofFrictionOnlineLab Instructions

Uploaded by

Ulda Aguilar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Physics Lab Instructions

Read and follow the steps to complete the investigation.

Coefficient of Friction Online Lab

Laboratory Instructions
Click the “Friction” mode of the simulation. On the screen, you will see a crate and a figure that
can apply force to the crate.

The controller for the “Applied Force” is located below the


track. The applied force is set to 0 newtons. To make the figure
apply a force to the crate, use the arrows on the right side of
the force reading. The double arrows add 50 N at a time, and
the single arrow adds 1 N at a time.

The section toward the top right side of the simulation


window has various labelled areas.

If “Values” is checked, the values for the forces and


masses will be shown. If “Masses” is checked, the mass of
each object will be shown; and if “Speed” is checked, the
relative speed of the object will be shown.

There is also a slider to vary the friction with a default of


medium friction. “Forces” should already be selected. For
this activity select “Sum of Forces,” “Values,” “Masses,” and
keep the friction slider at the default value of medium
friction.

Make two data tables for recording information. Make one data table for the coefficient of static
friction and one for the coefficient of kinetic friction. On each of these data tables, have places
to record the mass, normal force, friction force, and coefficient of friction for four trials.

Follow these instructions to calculate the coefficient of static friction using the simulation.

NEXT PAGE
Coefficient of Static Friction, µs

The coefficient of static friction is calculated by using the static friction force. This is the
force that must be overcome for the crate to begin moving.

1. To determine the static friction force, you will need to add force to the object until the
object just starts to move. Use the crate, which has a mass of 50 kg, and click on the
right-facing double arrow twice. This exerts a force of 100 N on the crate. If the crate
has not started to move, click on the single arrow until the crate just barely starts to
move. If you overshoot the movement, you can reset and start adding forces again.

2. The force at which the object barely starts to move is the static friction force.

3. Record the mass and friction force in your data table.

4. Calculate Fn (normal force) for the crate and record it in your data table.

5. Use the normal force and the static friction force to calculate the coefficient of static
friction.

Follow these instructions to calculate the coefficient of kinetic friction using the simulation.

Coefficient of Static Friction, µk

The coefficient of kinetic friction is calculated by using the kinetic friction force. This is the
force that must be applied for the crate to keep moving at a constant speed once it has
started moving. Important Note: To make sure the crate is moving at a constant speed, the
sum of the forces must equal zero.

1. To determine the kinetic friction force, you will repeat the procedures for static fric-
tion. Once the crate is moving, reduce the force applied using the left arrows until the
crate starts moving at a constant speed (no acceleration). Once the crate is moving at a
constant speed and the sum of the forces is zero, the friction force shown as the object
is moving is the kinetic friction force.

2. Record the mass and friction force in your data table.

3. Calculate Fn (normal force) for the crate and record it in your data table.

4. Use the normal force and the kinetic friction force to calculate the coefficient of kinetic
friction.

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Add another crate on top of the first one. Calculate the new normal force based on the new
mass. Record the mass and the normal force of the two crates. Repeat the procedure of pushing
on the crates until they just move. Find the static friction force and the sliding friction force and
record them in your data table. Use the forces to calculate the coefficient of static and kinetic
friction for the two crates.

Change the mass two more times by changing the objects. For each mass, record the mass and
new normal forces in your data table. Find the friction forces for each and calculate and record
the coefficients of static and kinetic friction.

Compare the coefficient of static friction and the coefficient of kinetic friction and determine
how they compare to each other. As you write your lab report, answer the question “What is the
relationship between the coefficients of static and kinetic friction?”

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