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11 views1 page

11

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berkeozkan09
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The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.

) or
America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal union of
50 states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 contiguous states
border Canada to the north and Mexico to the south, with the State of Alaska in the
northwest and the archipelagic State of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. The United
States also asserts sovereignty over five major island territories and various
uninhabited islands.[j] The country has the world's third-largest land area,[d]
largest exclusive economic zone, and third-largest population, exceeding 340
million.[k] Its three largest metropolitan areas are New York, Los Angeles, and
Chicago, and its three most populous states are California, Texas, and Florida.

Paleo-Indians migrated across the Bering land bridge more than 12,000 years ago,
and formed various civilizations and societies. British colonization led to the
first settlement of the Thirteen Colonies in Virginia in 1607, preceding the forced
migration of enslaved Africans. Clashes with the British Crown over taxation and
political representation sparked the American Revolution, with the Second
Continental Congress formally declaring independence on July 4, 1776. Following its
victory in the 1775–1783 Revolutionary War, the country continued to expand
westward across North America, resulting in the dispossession of native
inhabitants. As more states were admitted, a North–South division over slavery led
to the secession of the Confederate States of America, which fought states
remaining in the Union in the 1861–1865 American Civil War. With the victory and
preservation of the United States, slavery was abolished nationally. By 1900, the
country had established itself as a great power, a status solidified after its
involvement in World War I. After Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941,
the U.S. entered World War II. Its aftermath left the U.S. and the Soviet Union as
the world's two superpowers and led to the Cold War, during which both countries
struggled for ideological dominance and international influence. Following the
Soviet Union's collapse and the end of the Cold War in 1991, the U.S. emerged as
the world's sole superpower, wielding significant geopolitical influence globally.

The U.S. national government is a presidential constitutional federal republic and


liberal democracy with three separate branches: legislative, executive, and
judicial. It has a bicameral national legislature composed of the House of
Representatives, a lower house based on population, and the Senate, an upper house
based on equal representation for each state. Federalism provides substantial
autonomy to the 50 states, while American values are based on a democratic
political tradition that draws its inspiration from the European Enlightenment
movement.

One of the world's most developed countries, the United States has had the largest
nominal GDP since about 1890 and accounted for over 15% of the global economy in
2023.[l] It possesses by far the largest amount of wealth of any country as well as
the highest disposable household income per capita among OECD countries, but has
high levels of wealth and income inequality. The U.S. ranks among the world's
highest in economic competitiveness, productivity, innovation, human rights, and
higher education. Its hard power and cultural influence have a global reach. The
U.S. is a founding member of the World Bank, the Organization of American States,
NATO, and the United Nations,[m] as well as a permanent member of the UN Security
Council.

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