M194 High Resistance Decade

Operation manual
M194 High Resistance Decade MEATEST

Content

1. BASIC INFORMATION ............................................................................................................................. 6

2. PREPARATION FOR USE ........................................................................................................................ 6

2.1. INSPECTING PACKAGE CONTENT, SELECTING THE INSTALLATION LOCATION ......................................... 6
2.2. POWER ON ............................................................................................................................................. 6
2.3. WARM-UP TIME ..................................................................................................................................... 7
2.4. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS........................................................................................................................... 7
3. DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................................ 8
3.1. FRONT PANEL ........................................................................................................................................ 8
3.2. REAR PANEL ........................................................................................................................................ 10
4. OPERATION ............................................................................................................................................. 11
4.1. CONNECTION AND DISCONNECTION OF OUTPUT TERMINALS ............................................................... 11
4.2. WIRES CONNECTION ............................................................................................................................ 11
4.2.1. Connection of UUTs with grounded output terminal .................................................................... 11
4.2.2. Connection of battery operated UUTs ........................................................................................... 11
4.2.3. Grounding terminal ....................................................................................................................... 11
4.3. SETTING THE FUNCTION ...................................................................................................................... 12
4.3.1. Resistance ...................................................................................................................................... 12
4.3.2. Timings .......................................................................................................................................... 12
4.4. SETTING THE VALUE OF OUTPUT RESISTANCE ..................................................................................... 15
4.5. SETUP MENU ....................................................................................................................................... 16
4.6. CALIBRATION MODE............................................................................................................................ 18
5. PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION TEST ............................................................................................ 22

6. REMOTE CONTROL............................................................................................................................... 26
6.1. RS232 INTERFACE .............................................................................................................................. 26
6.2. GPIB INTERFACE (OPTION) ................................................................................................................. 27
6.3. LAN INTERFACE (OPTION) .................................................................................................................. 28
6.4. USB INTERFACE (OPTION) .................................................................................................................. 29
6.5. COMMAND SYNTAX............................................................................................................................. 29
6.6. SCPI COMMAND TREE ........................................................................................................................ 30
6.7. STANDARD STATUS DATA STRUCTURES ............................................................................................. 33
6.8. SCPI STANDARD COMMANDS ............................................................................................................. 35
6.9. SCPI COMMANDS ............................................................................................................................... 38
6.10. SCPI ERROR CODES ............................................................................................................................ 56
7. MAINTENANCE ....................................................................................................................................... 57
7.1. FUSE REPLACING ................................................................................................................................. 57
7.2. EXTERNAL SURFACE CLEANING .......................................................................................................... 57
8. TECHNICAL DATA ................................................................................................................................. 58

9. ACCESSORY ............................................................................................................................................. 60

10. ORDERING INFORMATION ................................................................................................................. 60

................................................................................................................ 61

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Figures
Fig 1 Starting Screen ................................................................................................................. 7
Fig 2 Front panel ....................................................................................................................... 8
Fig 3 Display ............................................................................................................................. 8
Fig 4 Rear panel ...................................................................................................................... 10
Fig 5 Resistance screen ........................................................................................................... 12
Fig 6 Timing screen ................................................................................................................ 12
Fig 7 Time sequence list ......................................................................................................... 13
Fig 8 New sequence ............................................................................................................... 13
Fig 9 Timing sequence point editing....................................................................................... 14
Fig 10 Timing sequence edit ................................................................................................... 14
Fig 11 Numeric value entry ................................................................................................... 15
Fig 12 Setup menu ................................................................................................................. 16
Fig 13 Password entry ............................................................................................................ 18
Fig 14 Calibration point screen ............................................................................................... 20
Fig 15 Volt-amper method of verification .............................................................................. 23
Fig 16 RS232 9 pin D-SUB MALE connector ....................................................................... 26
Fig 17 IEEE488 connector ...................................................................................................... 27
Fig 18 USB connector ............................................................................................................. 29
Fig 19 Status register overview ............................................................................................... 33

Tables
Tab 1 M194 Resistance calibration points .............................................................................. 20
Tab 2 M194 Meter calibration points ..................................................................................... 21
Tab 3 M194 Verification points .............................................................................................. 25
Tab 4 RS232 cable connection................................................................................................ 27
Tab 5 OUTPut command structure ......................................................................................... 43
Tab 6 Keyboard codes............................................................................................................. 54
Tab 7 SCPI error codes ........................................................................................................... 56
Tab 8 Accuracy ....................................................................................................................... 58

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ATTENTION !

The decade can withstand test voltage generated by

UUT up to 6 kV DC !!!

Don’t use the decade when not properly connected to

the mains socket.

Do not touch metal parts of test leads when connected

to UUT.

The decade can only be used in accordance with this

operation manual. Use the decade for calibration of
safety testers and insulation meters.

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1. Basic information

M194 High Resistance Decade is designed for calibration of insulation testers, megaohmmeters
and resistance ranges of safety testers, HIPOTs etc. It can be used for calibration of any DC high
resistance meter with working voltage up to 6 kV. M194 is based on programmable series high
resistance decade box which is completed with additional electronic circuits allowing measurement of
test voltage sourced by UUT and testing of short current.

Basic feature of the M194 is adjustable high resistance decade in summary range from 10 kΩ to
100 GΩ. It offers basic accuracy 0.1% to 1 % depending on set resistance value.

M194 can be controlled manually using front panel keypad or in remote mode using RS232
interface or optionally IEEE488, USB and Ethernet bus. The decade can easily fit within calibration
systems featuring CALIBER software support.

2. Preparation for use

2.1. Inspecting package content, selecting the installation location

Basic package includes the following items:

• Power line cable 1 pc

• User´s manual 1 pc
• Calibration certificate 1 pc
• Spare fuse 1 pc

The instrument must be powered by 230/115 V – 50/60 Hz mains. Before powering on the
instruments, place it on a level surface. If the instrument was stored out of range of reference
temperatures, let it stabilize for one hour.

2.2. Power on

• Check the position of the mains voltage selector located at the rear panel before connecting the
instrument to the mains.
• Plug one end of the power cord into the connector located at the rear panel and connect the other
end of the power cord into a wall outlet.

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• Switch on the mains switch located at the rear panel. Display is lit.

Fig 1 Starting Screen

• The instrument performs internal hardware checks for app. 5 seconds.

• After the tests conclude, the instrument resets to its reference state, i.e. the following
parameters are set:
Function Resistance
Set value 100.0 MΩ
Output terminals OFF

2.3. Warm-up time

The instrument works after it is switched on and the initial checks complete. Specified
parameters are only guaranteed after the instrument warms up for 15 minutes.

2.4. Safety precautions

The instrument has been designed according to EN 61010-1:2011. Safety is ensured by the
design and by the use of specific component types.
The manufacturer is not liable for the damage caused by modification of the construction or
replacement of parts with non-original ones.

Safety symbols used on the equipment

Warning, reference to the documentation

Warning - risk of electric shock.

Hazardous voltage. Voltage > 30 V
DC or AC peak might be present.

Danger - high voltage

Earth ground

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3. Description

3.1. Front panel

1 3 4 5 6 8

2 7
Fig 2 Front panel

On the front panel there are located all main control keys, display and output terminals.

1 Output terminals
Output terminals contains H (high) signal terminal with maximum working voltage to 6 kVDC and L
(low) terminal. The L terminal can be internally connected to protection earth (PE) potential in
grounded mode or can be applied as floating. The L terminal must not float more than 20 VDC from
PE potential in this case.

2 Ground terminal
Central ground terminal (protective earth) connected to the metal case of the instrument and PE wire
in supplying mains.

3 Display

A D1
B1 B1
B2 D2
B1
D3
C1 B1
C2
B1 D4
C3
B1
Fig 3 Display

The display is divided into four sections:

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A. Information line
• Selected function RESISTANCE, TIMING
• Real time

B. Main area
This section displays the set-up values of generated signals and the data related to the decade box
status. The section includes the following types of data:

1. Auxiliary parameters
This section displays auxiliary parameters of actually selected function:
• L output terminal grounding on or off
• Preset timing procedure in TIMING mode
2. Main value
There is displayed main value of selected function with the unit. There is displayed also actual
position of cursor ▼▲ if the parameter is in edit mode. Position of cursor can be changed
using keys ◄, ► and parameter can be changed using keys ▲,▼.

C. Specification
This section displays specification and limits relating to the main value:

1. Specification
This section displays accuracy of the main value.
2. Max Voltage
This section displays maximum allowed applicable test voltage for the main value.
3. Test Voltage
This section displays measured test voltage sourced by UUT. Readings are suppressed bellow
50VDC at 6 kVDC range or bellow 5V at 400 VDC range and symbol “---“ is shown instead.

D. Softkey labels

4 Softkeys
There are four keys D1 to D4 next to the display with variable function. The functions of these
keys change during operation (depends on selected function and actual display mode).

5 OPER (Operate key)

OPER key connects / disconnects selected value to the output terminals. Connected output
terminals are indicated by the lit LED in the key.

6 SHORT (Short key)

Active SHORT key (LED in the key is ON) replaces the main value with the short circuit. Also
the short circuit must be connected to the output terminals by the OPER key.

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7 Cursor keys
Using these keys, the cursor can be controlled within allowed limits on the display. The
keyboard includes two buttons (◄, ►) which allow the cursor to be set to the required position
at the display. The cursor can be moved to the left or right. Numeric values can be set in some
control modes as well. In these cases, the buttons marked (▲,▼) allow the user to increase or
decrease the number at the cursor position.
The central SELECT key is used to select value you want to change (like TAB key).

Meaning of softkeys is shown in the right part of display. If there is no description next to the
softkey, the softkey is not active in selected function.

8 Numeric keyboard
The keyboard allows the entry of numeric values on the display. ENTER button is used to confirm the
selection. CANCEL button can be used to cancel the entry.

Colors on display
Common rules are used for applied color of labels and values.
- Red color is applied, when displayed value is measured by the instrument.
- Blue color is applied for those parameters or values, which can be set-up or modified directly from
front panel keyboard or via Main menu.
- Black color is used for fix values, labels, notes, parameters which cannot be modified and for
other fix text with general information purpose.

3.2. Rear panel

There are located power cord socket, power line fuse, power line voltage selector 115/230V,
interface connectors RS232 and optionaly LAN, USB and IEEE488 on the rear panel.

Fig 4 Rear panel

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4. Operation

4.1. Connection and disconnection of output terminals

Set value is connected (disconnected) to the output terminals after pressing OPER key.
Connected output terminals are indicated by the lit LED in the OPER key.
Disconnected output terminals has typically > 2TΩ “Open terminals” resistance.
“Short circuit” is simulated after pressing SHORT key. Active SHORT key (LED in the key is
ON) replaces the main value with the short circuit. Output resistance of the SHORT is 100 Ω ± 10%.

4.2. Wires connection

Output resistance is available between H and L output terminals. Ground terminal is connected
to the metal case and to the protective earth (PE).

4.2.1. Connection of UUTs with grounded output terminal

Never connect high output terminal of UUT to L input terminal of M194 when calibrated
electronic UUTs with supplying from mains with grounded low output terminals. This wrong
connection ca n cause damage of M194.
Correct connection is as follows:
- UUT high (source) terminal must be connected to H input terminal of M194
- UUT low (sense) terminal must be connected to L input terminal of M194

4.2.2. Connection of battery operated UUTs

High and low terminals of battery operated UUTs can be connected to either H or L input
terminal of M194 from safety point of view. However correct connection is as follows:
- UUT high (source) terminal must be connected to H input terminal of M194
- UUT low (sense) terminal must be connected to L input terminal of M194

4.2.3. Grounding terminal

There is located ground terminal (GND) on the front panel. It is directly connected to
PE terminal in power line socket and to metal parts of M194 housing. This terminal serves for
measurement application. Use the terminal for connection to test leads shielding if they are
equipped with shielding.

L input terminal can be internally connected to GND terminal via relay. Grounded or
floating mode of L terminal can be setup in M194 SETUP menu.

It is recommended to use grounding mode for all applications except those where UUT
has grounded Low terminal (for example HIPOT testers).

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Be aware that measurement configuration should be always grounded, and in one lpoit
to get stable and reliable readings.

4.3. Setting the function

Function can be changed after pressing „Function“ softkey. New function is selected using
cursor keys ▲,▼ or display softkeys. Selection must be confirmed by pressing SELECT key or „OK“
softkey.
Device supports following functions:

4.3.1. Resistance
It offers direct setting of requested resistance value.

Fig 5 Resistance screen

Editable parameters:
Resistance value: 10.00 kΩ … 100.0 GΩ

Measured parameters:
Test voltage: 5.0 V to 400.0 V in resistance range 10.00 kΩ to 999.9 kΩ
0.050 kV to 6.000 kV in resistance range 1.000 MΩ to 100.0 GΩ

4.3.2. Timings
The function offers simulation of time-varying resistance defined by a table. User can define more
time curves.

Fig 6 Timing screen

Editable parameters:
Timing table: table defined by the user

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Sequence is defined by table of time intervals and corresponding resistance values. This table is
called „Preset“ and is editable. Maximum number of tables is 10, each table having up to 4 time
intervals but the fewer tables are defined the more time intervals within can be set. For instance one
table can have up to 60 intervals, 3 tables can have up to 18 intervals and so on. Tables can be defined
via remote control as well. Manual table setup can be done in Menu → Device → Timings:

Fig 7 Time sequence list

Menu shows a list of all previously defined tables (presets). Screen above shows three tables
named „TIMING A“, „TIMING B“ a „TIMING C“ but number of tables and their names can be
different due to local settings. Softkeys on the right hand side of the panel have these functions:
New – create a plain table (Preset).
Edit – edit selected table. Table can be selected using ▲,▼ cursor keys.
Delete – delete selected table.
Close – close the menu and return to Menu → Device.

Creating a new table

Pressing the New softkey opens this submenu:

Fig 8 New sequence

Preset name – table name is set using ▲,▼ (character selection) and ◄, ► (position) cursor keys.
Name may be 8 characters long at most. Softkey „A <-> a“ switches between uppercase and
lowercase of selected character. Table name has to be set before proceeding to the next step using
SELECT key.

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Timing table – a list of values in Ω and their durations in seconds. Browsing through the table is done
by ▲,▼ cursor keys. Editing is done using these contextual softkeys:
Add – create a new point

Fig 9 Timing sequence point editing

Time – duration of selected resistance (from 1.0 s to 60 s).

Amplitude – corresponding Ω value. Range is restricted to actual resistance range of the
decade.
Edit – edit selected point.
Delete – delete selected point.
Save – closes the table and saves current settings.
Cancel – closes the table and does not save current settings.

Editing an existing table

Existing table can be edited in the same way as it can be created. Editable entries (Preset name,
Timing table points) are selected using the SELECT key.

Fig 10 Timing sequence edit

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4.4. Setting the value of output resistance

Edit mode
Parameters of output signal can be changed in Edit mode. Only parameters displayed in blue color can
be changed. Display can be switched to edit mode in different ways:
- Pressing numeric button
- Pressing „Sel“ button (in the middle of cursors buttons)
- Pressing cursor button
In edit mode is edited value highlighted by blue backgournd. Pressing the SELECT button you can
change among editable (blue) parameters. Edit mode is finished by pressing CANCEL key.

Entry of the value using numeric keyboard

• Use the numeric keyboard to set the desired value. After the first digit is entered, input
box is displayed. In the upper row of the input box is the name of edited parameter. Using
softkeys new value in different units can be entered.

Fig 11 Numeric value entry

• Enter desired value.

• After the entry is complete press softkey with requested unit or press ENTER key.
• Instrument sets the new value.
• The value is copied to the appropriate field in the screen and the input box disappears.

Entry of the value using cursor keys

• Press ◄, ►, ▲ or ▼ key. The display now includes cursor marks which points to the
active digit.
• ▲,▼ keys can be used to change the value. ◄, ► keys can be used to change the position
of active digit.
• To get to the default screen, press CANCEL key.

Note:
All parameters have limits (high and low). If the entered value is outside these limits warning message
is displayed („Value too high (low)“) and new value is not accepted.

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4.5. Setup Menu

Setup Menu is displayed after pressing „Menu“ softkey. Setup menu permits setting device’s
parameters. New parameters are saved into the non-volatile memory.

Fig 12 Setup menu

Required menu item is highlighted using cursor keys ▲,▼ or display softkeys. Highlighted
menu is selected by pressing SELECT key or „OK“ softkey.

Information
This menu displays information about the device. Items can’t be changed by the user.

Manufacturer
Model
Serial number
Software version
Hardware version

Device
This menu permits setting operational parameters of device.

Timings
This menu permits definition of different time dependent resistance curves. Each curve is
defined by the Timing table. Each row in the table contains information about resistance value
and time for which is this value applied. If the timing function is activated all rows are
sequentially executed. User can define more timing tables with different names. Number of
rows is limited to 50.

L terminal ground
This menu permits grounding or floating mode of operation. In grounding mode L output
terminal is internally connected to PE.
Grounding mode is recommended for most of applications. It eliminates noise and resistance
fluctuations during calibrations. However UUT has to be floating (for example battery
operated).

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In floating mode L output terminal is not directly connected to PE. It can float up to about 20
VDC above PE potential. Floating mode is recommended for those calibrations where
UUT has grounded output L terminal.

Switching
Item defines the way how resistance value is changed. Value R1 is changed to value R2 in the
time interval T. Resistance connected to the output terminals can have different values during
the time interval T. Meter is always disconnected during switching.
DEFAULT Switch from R1 to R2 is done in a series of steps preventing high voltage
peaks. Resistance during switching goes up above max(R1,R2) and then
slowly drops down to R2.
T is less than 200ms. E.g. 100 to 200 MΩ switch typically takes 45 ms.
VIA OPEN Similar to DEFAULT mode, only the initial rise of resistance goes all the
way up to OPEN state.
T is less than 200ms. E.g. 100 to 200 MΩ switch typically takes 100 ms.
(direct) This method can’t be selected and takes place only when measured voltage
is less than 500 V. Switch from R1 to R2 is done in two steps where
resistance reaches no more than 2x max(R1,R2).
T is typically 25ms.

System
This menu permits setting system parameters of device.
Language
Language setting.
Backlight
Display backlight level setting.
Beeper volume
Beeper volume level setting.
Keyboard beep
Enables / Disables keyboard beep.
Time
Internal time setting.
Date
Internal date setting

Interface
This menu permits setting parameters of remote control interfaces.

Active bus
Active bus setting. Only active bus can be used for remote control.

RS232 Baudrate
RS232 communication baudrate setting. The same baudrate must be used in the controller.

GPIB Address
GPIB address setting. Each instrument connected to the GPIB bus must have a unique address.

LAN Settings

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Ethernet parameters setting. Device use Telnet protocol. Default setting is:
DHCP ON
IP Address 192.168.001.100 only valid if DHCP is OFF
Subnet mask255.255.255.000 only valid if DHCP is OFF
Default gateway 255.255.255.255 only valid if DHCP is OFF
Port number 23
Host name M194_SN590031 only valid if DHCP is ON

4.6. Calibration mode

In this mode resistance elements and meters of the decade can be recalibrated. Access to the
calibration mode is from the setup Menu.
Correct password must be entered before calibration. Without correct password the access to the
calibration mode is refused. Default factory set calibration code is “2”. Return to standard mode is
possible after pushing the key CANCEL.

Fig 13 Password entry

Recalibration procedure consists of entering calibration values of internal partial resistance

standards and adjustment of internal test voltage/current meter ranges.

Resistance standards
Calibration of resistance consists of measuring of 60 basic resistance values and entering their
actually measured data. Calibration point can be changes using display softkeys “Previous” and
“Next”. Calibration value of selected resistance can be change using cursor keys ▲,▼, ◄, ►.

Required standards:
• 81/2 digit multimeter type Fluke 8508A or similar with 0.01 % accuracy and resistance
range to 20 GΩ.
• 81/2 digit multimeter Agilent 3458A or pA-meter Keithley 2635A or similar with DC
current range 100 nA to 10 mA
• Multifunction calibrator Meatest M140, M142, Fluke 5500A or similar with DC voltage
range to 1000 V.

Following table describes nominal values of resistance calibration points and requested
recalibration accuracy:
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Standard Nominal value *1 Requested Accuracy Applied standard

R1 100 Ω 50 m Fluke 8508A
R2 102 Ω 50 m Fluke 8508A

R3 103 Ω 50 m Fluke 8508A

R4 107 Ω 50 m Fluke 8508A

R5 110 Ω 50 m Fluke 8508A

R6 118 Ω 50 m Fluke 8508A

R7 133 Ω 50 m Fluke 8508A

R8 156 Ω 50 m Fluke 8508A

R9 202 Ω 50 m Fluke 8508A

R10 293 Ω 50 m Fluke 8508A

R11 466 Ω 50 m Fluke 8508A

R12 700 Ω 70 m Fluke 8508A

R13 1.10 kΩ 100 m Fluke 8508A

R14 2.01 kΩ 200 m Fluke 8508A

R15 3.62 kΩ 300 m Fluke 8508A

R16 6.94 kΩ 500 m Fluke 8508A

R17 11.5 kΩ 1 Fluke 8508A

R18 21.9 kΩ 2 Fluke 8508A

R19 39.8 kΩ 4 Fluke 8508A

R20 70.1 kΩ 10  Fluke 8508A

R21 110 kΩ 50  Fluke 8508A

R22 200 kΩ 100  Fluke 8508A

R23 374 kΩ 500  Fluke 8508A

R24 682 kΩ 1 k Fluke 8508A

R25 1.03 MΩ 3 k Fluke 8508A

R26 2.00 MΩ 5 k Fluke 8508A

R27 3.60 MΩ 10 k Fluke 8508A

R28 6.60 MΩ 40 k Fluke 8508A

R29 11.2 MΩ 100 k Fluke 8508A

R30 20.0 MΩ 200 k Fluke 8508A

R31 38.2 MΩ 500 k Fluke 8508A

R32 72.8 MΩ 1 M Fluke 8508A

R33 9.2 kΩ 1 Fluke 8508A

R34 18.1 kΩ 2 Fluke 8508A

R35 35.8 kΩ 3 Fluke 8508A

R36 53.1 kΩ 5 Fluke 8508A

R37 100 kΩ 10  Fluke 8508A

R38 195 kΩ 20  Fluke 8508A

R39 378 kΩ 40  Fluke 8508A

R40 730 kΩ 70  Fluke 8508A

R41 1.43 MΩ 100  Fluke 8508A

R42 2.80 MΩ 300  Fluke 8508A

R43 5.46 MΩ 500  Fluke 8508A

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R44 10.7 MΩ 1 k Fluke 8508A

R45 20.7 MΩ 2 k Fluke 8508A

R46 40.4 MΩ 4 k Fluke 8508A

R47 78.2 MΩ 8 k Fluke 8508A

R48 151 MΩ 30 k Fluke 8508A

R49 287 MΩ 50 k Fluke 8508A

R50 530 MΩ 100 k Fluke 8508A

R51 900 MΩ 200 k Fluke 8508A

R52 1.40 GΩ 500 k Fluke 8508A

R53 2.90 GΩ 900 k Fluke 8508A

R54 5.40 GΩ 1.5 M Fluke 8508A

R55 9.90 GΩ 3 M Fluke 8508A

R56 18.0 GΩ 10 M M140, Agilent 3548A *2

R57 33.3 GΩ 20 M M140, Agilent 3548A *2

R58 50.0 GΩ 30 M M140, Agilent 3548A *2

R59 50.0 MΩ 5 k Fluke 8508A

R60 10.0 GΩ 5 M Fluke 8508A

Tab 1 M194 Resistance calibration points

*1 Nominal value indicated on the calibration screen serves for easier finding requested partial standard. Real calibration
value can differ from the nominal value up to 10 %.
*2 Volt-amper calibration method is applied, see chapter 5 Performance verification test.

Process of calibration consists of measuring partial resistances and writing their actual values
into the decade:
• Set the first calibration point (resistance element). Use display softkeys “Previous” and
“Next” to select the element.
• Measure resistance of the selected element. Use ohmmeter with appropriate accuracy in
two-wire connection mode for values above 10 kΩ and in four-wire connection for values
bellow 10 kΩ.

Fig 14 Calibration point screen

• Using cursor keys ▲,▼, ◄, ► adjust resistance value in M194 according to the standard
ohmmeter reading .
• Confirm new calibration value by pressing “Save” softkey.
• Repeat above described procedure for all resistance elements.

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Meter ranges
Calibration of meters consists of adjustment of seven voltage ranges of the test voltage meter
and one range of short current milliammeter. Calibration of voltage ranges needs repeated adjustment
of range 6 kVDC and once adjustment of range 400 VDC. Adjustment on all ranges is done in two
points, zero and slope calibration. Calibration point can be changes using display softkeys “Previous”
and “Next”. Calibration value of selected resistance can be change using cursor keys ▲,▼, ◄, ►.

Required standards:
• DC High voltage source Heinzinger PNC-10000 or similar with output voltage accuracy
0.2%.
Note: If accuracy of High voltage source is not enough, use additional voltage divider and
voltmeter for DC voltage level measurement.
• Multifunction calibrator Meatest M-140, M142, Fluke 5500A or similar with DC current
range to 10 mA.

Following table describes nominal values of calibration points and requested recalibration accuracy:

Requested
Position Range Nominal value Comment Applied standard
accuracy
M1 400 VDC 0.0 V 0.1 V Zero M140
M2 400 VDC 350.0 V 0.1 V Slope M140
M3 6 kVDC (1) 0V 2V Zero Heinzinger PNC
M4 6 kVDC (1) 5.5 kV 5V Slope Heinzinger PNC
M5 6 kVDC (2) 0V 2V Zero Heinzinger PNC
M6 6 kVDC (2) 5.5 kV 5V Slope Heinzinger PNC
M7 6 kVDC (3) 0V 2V Zero Heinzinger PNC
M8 6 kVDC (3) 5.5 kV 5V Slope Heinzinger PNC
M9 6 kVDC (4) 0V 2V Zero Heinzinger PNC
M 10 6 kVDC (4) 5.5 kV 5V Slope Heinzinger PNC
M 11 6 kVDC (5) 0V 2V Zero Heinzinger PNC
M 12 6 kVDC (5) 5.5 kV 5V Slope Heinzinger PNC
M 13 6 kVDC (6) 0V 2V Zero Heinzinger PNC
M 14 6 kVDC (6) 5.5 kV 5V Slope Heinzinger PNC
M 15 10 mADC 0.0 mA 25 µA Zero M140
M 16 10 mADC 8 mA 25 µA Slope M140

Tab 2 M194 Meter calibration points

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5. Performance verification test

Procedure recommended for verifying parameters of the decade is described in this chapter.

Required equipment

Following instruments are required for calibration:

• 81/2 digit multimeter type Fluke 8508A or similar with 0.01 % accuracy and resistance
range to 20 GΩ.
• 81/2 digit multimeter Agilent 3458A or pA-meter Keithley 2635A or similar with DC
current range 100 nA to 10 mA
• Multifunction calibrator Meatest M140, M142, Fluke 5500A or similar with DC voltage
range to 1000 V.
• DC High voltage source Heinzinger PNC-10000 or similar with output voltage accuracy
0.2%.

Configuration of the decade

Decade should be tested directly from the front panel terminals. Performance verification may be
performed after warm-up period i.e. 15 minutes after switching on. Decade has to be in temperature
stabilize condition at minimum 8 hours before performance verification test is started.

Basic steps of the performance verification test

Verification procedure consists of following steps:

• High resistance decade resistors verification in range from 10 kΩ to 100 GΩ

• DC voltage verification to 6 kVDC
• DC current verification to 10 mADC

Procedure

Following part describes procedure of performance verification test. Recommended test points
including applied method specification and allowed limits are shown in table Tab 3.

Resistance verification (No. 1 to 27)

1. Connect the decade to the mains and let them switched on for at least one 15 minutes in a
laboratory at 231 °C.
2. Connect M194 output to standard multimeter type according to the Tab 3, select function of
ohmmeter.
3. Set resistance values 10kΩ to 400 kΩ. Check reading of the standard multimeter and compare
with limits in the table Tab 3.
4. Select function High-ohm in standard multimeter. Set resistance values 1MΩ to 10 GΩ. Check
reading of the standard multimeter and compare with limits in the table Tab 3.

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5. Disconnect standard multimeter and connect standard megaohmmeter, see Tab 3. Set test voltage
(Parameter) in standard megaohmmeter. Set resistance values 20 GΩ to 100 GΩ in M194.
Compare readings with the limits in the table Tab 3.
6. Disconnect standard megaohmmeter. Connect DC High voltage source and standard multimeter
according to Fig 15. Set DC current function in standard multimeter. Set recommended DC test
voltage according to the table Tab 3. If necessary, check DC output voltage using standard DC
voltage divider and standard voltmeter.

Fig 15 Volt-amper method of verification

7. Set resistance values 10MΩ, 100MΩ, 1GΩ, 10GΩ, 100GΩ. Calculate measured resistance
according to formula:
R = U/I where I is standard multimeter reading and U is output voltage of the DC High
voltage source.
Compare with limits in the table Tab 3.

DC voltage verification (No. 28 to 31)

8. Connect voltage output of multifunction calibrator to M194 H-L output terminals. Set 800 kΩ in
M194. Compare voltage reading of M194 with set calibrator output voltage.
9. Disconnect multifunction calibrator. Connect DC High voltage source directly to H – L output
terminals of the M194. Set indicated output resistance in M194. Compare voltage reading of
M194 with set DC voltage. If necessary, check DC output voltage using standard DC voltage
divider and standard voltmeter to improve accuracy of the source.

DC current verification (No. 32 to 33)

10. Connect current output of the multifunction calibrator to M194’s H-L output terminals, set DCI
function in the calibrator and set function SHORT in M194.
11. Set DC current values in the calibrator according to the table Tab 3. Compare reading of the DC
current indicated by M194 with min/max limits in the table Tab 3.

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Test
Nominal Parameter Test
point Function Range Standard unit Limit min Limit max
value method
No.
1 HVR 100kΩ 10.00kΩ Fluke 8508A <10V DM 9.99kΩ 10.01kΩ
2 HVR 100kΩ 20.00kΩ Fluke 8508A <10V DM 19.98kΩ 20.02kΩ
3 HVR 100kΩ 40.00kΩ Fluke 8508A <10V DM 39.96kΩ 40.04kΩ
4 HVR 100kΩ 100.0kΩ Fluke 8508A <10V DM 99.9kΩ 100.1kΩ
5 HVR 1MΩ 200.0kΩ Fluke 8508A <10V DM-HVM 199.8kΩ 200.2kΩ
6 HVR 1MΩ 400.0kΩ Fluke 8508A <10V DM-HVM 399.6kΩ 400.4kΩ
7 HVR 1MΩ 1.000MΩ Fluke 8508A < 250V DM-HVM 0.999MΩ 1.001MΩ
8 HVR 10MΩ 2.000MΩ Fluke 8508A < 250V DM-HVM 1.998MΩ 2.002MΩ
9 HVR 10MΩ 4.000MΩ Fluke 8508A < 250V DM-HVM 3.996MΩ 4.004MΩ
10 HVR 10MΩ 10.00MΩ Fluke 8508A < 250V DM-HVM 9.99MΩ 10.01MΩ
11 HVR 100MΩ 20.00MΩ Fluke 8508A < 250V DM-HVM 19.98MΩ 20.02MΩ
12 HVR 100MΩ 40.00MΩ Fluke 8508A < 250V DM-HVM 39.96MΩ 40.04MΩ
13 HVR 100MΩ 99.99MΩ Fluke 8508A < 250V DM-HVM 99.89MΩ 100.09MΩ
14 HVR 1GΩ 200.0MΩ Fluke 8508A < 250V DM-HVM 199.6MΩ 200.4MΩ
15 HVR 1GΩ 400.0MΩ Fluke 8508A < 250V DM-HVM 399.2MΩ 400.8MΩ
16 HVR 1GΩ 999.9MΩ Fluke 8508A < 250V DM-HVM 997.9MΩ 1001.9MΩ
17 HVR 10GΩ 2.000GΩ Fluke 8508A < 250V DM-HVM 1.990GΩ 2.010GΩ
18 HVR 10GΩ 4.000GΩ Fluke 8508A < 250V DM-HVM 3.980GΩ 4.020GΩ
19 HVR 10GΩ 9.999GΩ Fluke 8508A < 250V DM-HVM 9.949GΩ 10.049GΩ
Multifunction
calibrator M140 +
20 HVR 100GΩ 20.00GΩ 1000 V MM 19.8GΩ 20.2GΩ
multimeter
HP3458A
Multifunction
calibrator M140 +
21 HVR 100GΩ 40.00GΩ 1000 V MM 39.6GΩ 40.4GΩ
multimeter
HP3458A
Multifunction
calibrator M140 +
22 HVR 100GΩ 100.0GΩ 1000 V MM 99.0GΩ 101.0GΩ
multimeter
HP3458A
DC High voltage
source Heinzinger
23 HVR 10MΩ 10.00MΩ 5000V VAM 9.99MΩ 10.01MΩ
PNC + multimeter
HP3458A
DC High voltage
source Heinzinger
24 HVR 100MΩ 99.99MΩ 5000V VAM 99.89MΩ 100.09MΩ
PNC + multimeter
HP3458A
DC High voltage
source Heinzinger
25 HVR 1GΩ 999.9MΩ 5000V VAM 997.9MΩ 1001.9MΩ
PNC + multimeter
HP3458A
DC High voltage
source Heinzinger
26 HVR 10GΩ 9.999GΩ 5000V VAM 9.949GΩ 10.049GΩ
PNC + multimeter
HP3458A
DC High voltage
source Heinzinger
27 HVR 100GΩ 100GΩ 5000V VAM 99.0GΩ 101.0GΩ
PNC + multimeter
HP3458A
Multifunction
28 DCV 400V 300V 800kΩ DM-V 296.5V 303.5V
calibrator M140
DC High voltage
29 DCV 6000V 1000V source Heinzinger 100MΩ DM-V 980V 1020V
PNC
DC High voltage
30 DCV 6000V 2000V source Heinzinger 100MΩ DM-V 1975V 2025V
PNC
DC High voltage
31 DCV 6000V 5000V 100MΩ DM-V 3965V 4035V
source Heinzinger

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PNC
Multifunction
32 DCI 10mA 2mA --- DM-C 1.971mA 2.029mA
calibrator M140
Multifunction
33 DCI 10mA 8mA --- DM-C 8.959mA 9.041mA
calibrator M140
Tab 3 M194 Verification points

Test method description

DM direct measurement using standard multimeter, four wire connection bellow 10 kΩ, two wire
connection above 10 kΩ
DM-HVM direct measurement using standard multimeter, two wire connection, high voltage mode.
VAM volt-amper method using multifunction calibrator and uA-meter
DM-V direct measurement of DC voltage source
DM-C direct measurement of DC current source

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6. Remote control

Decade box can be controled via RS232, GPIB, LAN and USB interface. The decade can be
only controlled by one of interfaces at a time. It is therefore necessary to select ans set-up one of the
interfaces using the system menu. All interfaces shares the same commands except following
commands, which are intended only for use with RS232, LAN and USB interface:
SYSTem:LOCal
This command places decade in the “LOCAL” mode.
SYSTem:REMote
This command places decade in the “REMOTE” mode.
SYSTem:RWLock
This command places the decade in the “REMOTE” mode and locks all keys (including
LOCAL key) on front panel.
NOTE: If device is not in REMOTE mode all other commands are ignored by decade (for
RS232, LAN and USB interface). With the exception of Compatible commands which are
processed each time. GPIB interface places device in the “REMOTE” mode automatically by
opening the GPIB interface and therefore these commands are not intended for this interface.

6.1. RS232 Interface

The decade box can be controled via standard RS232 interface.
Following equipment is required:
• M194 High Resistance Decade
• Personal Computer (or other controling device) with RS232 port (USB-to-RS232 converter
is also possible)
• 9-pin D-SUB, 3-wire direct (1:1) male/female RS232 cable
The RS232 interface must be selected from decade system menu to be in operation (SETUP-
>Interface->Active bus). There is only one RS232 setting accesible from the decade system menu
under SETUP->Interface path:
RS232 Baudrate 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600 or 115200
Other RS232 parameters are fixed to the following settings:
Number of data bits 8
Number of stop bits 1
Parity None
Handshake (XON/XOFF) Off

RS232 connection

Pin Label I/O Description

2 TXD output Transmitter
3 RXD input Receiver
5 GND - Ground
Fig 16 RS232 9 pin D-SUB MALE connector

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Cable between decade and computer description (configuration 1:1)

Computer D-Sub 1 D-Sub 2 M194

Receiver 2 2 Transmitter
Transmitter 3 3 Receiver
Ground 5 5 Ground
Tab 4 RS232 cable connection

6.2. GPIB Interface (option)

The decade box can be controled via GPIB (General Purpose Interface Bus) interface.
Following equipment is required:
• M194 high resistance decade with LAN, USB, IEEE488 bus option
• Personal Computer (or other controling device) with GPIB interface
• GPIB cable

The GPIB interface must be selected from decade system menu to be in operation (SETUP->Interface-
>Active bus). There is only one GPIB setting accesible from the decade system menu under SETUP-
>Interface path:
GPIB Address 1 to 31

The instrument performs the following functions based on IEEE488 bus commands:

SH1, AH1, T5, L3, RL1, DC1

The instrument also recognizes the following general commands:

DCL Device Clear - resets the instrument to its basic state
SDC Selected Device Clear - resets the instrument to its basic state
GTL Go To Local - switches the remote control off
LLO Local Lock Out - switches the local control off, the instrument
cannot be controlled from the front panel

Commands are identical to the commands for RS-232 interface. Detailed

description is shown in chapter 8.2.

Fig 17 IEEE488 connector

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6.3. LAN Interface (option)

LAN Interface allows communication with decade box using Telnet protocol. A propper setting
must be established.
Following equipment is required:
• M194 high resistance decade with LAN, USB, IEEE488 bus option
• Personal Computer (or other controling device) with LAN interface
• LAN cable

The LAN interface must be selected from decade system menu to be in operation (SETUP->Interface-
>Active bus). There are folowing LAN settings accesible from decade system menu under SETUP-
>Interface->LAN Settings path (values are default ones):
DHCP ON
IP Address 192.168.001.100 only valid if DHCP is OFF
Subnet mask255.255.255.000 only valid if DHCP is OFF
Default gateway 255.255.255.255 only valid if DHCP is OFF
Port number 23
Host name M194_SN590031 only valid if DHCP is ON

If DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is enabled, the IP Address and all necessary settings
are done automatically and connection in Telnet protocol is done via “Host name” and “Port number”.
Otherwise the IP address, Subnest mask and Default gateway should be properly set. In this case
connection is done via “IP Address” and “Port number”.

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6.4. USB Interface (option)

The decade box can be controled via USB (Universal Serial Bus) interface.
Following equipment is required:
• M194 high resistance decade with LAN, USB, IEEE488 bus option
• Personal Computer (or other controling device) with USB interface (USB type A connector)
• Standard USB A-B cable

The USB interface must be selected from decade system menu to be in operation (SETUP->Interface-
>Active bus). There is no USB setting in the decade.

Decade box is equiped with USB type B connector.

Pin Label Description

1 +5V Power supply
2 DATA- Data signal -
3 DATA+ Data signal +
4 GND Ground
Fig 18 USB connector

Communication from user control program is performed via standard RS232 interface. Following
settings should be set on your PC for propper operation:
Baudrate 9600 Bd
Data bits 8
Stop bits 1
Parity None
Also proper COM port must be selected. After connecting decade to your PC, virtual COM port
should appear in System Control panel of Microsoft Windows OS. This COM port is labeled “USB
Serial Port (COMxx)”.

6.5. Command syntax

The commands described in this chapter can be issued through all buses (RS232/GPIB/LAN/USB).
All commands listed in this chapter are explained in two columns:
KEYWORD and PARAMETERS.
KEYWORD column includes the name of the command. Each command includes one or more
keywords. If a keyword is in brackets ( [ ] ), it is not mandatory. Non-mandatory commands are used
only to achieve compatibility with language standard SCPI.
Capitals designate the abbreviated form of the commands; extended form is written in lowercase.
Command parameters are in brackets (<>); each parameter is separated using a comma. Parameters in
brackets ( [ ] ) are not mandatory. Line ( | ) means “or” and is used to separate several alternative
parameters.

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Semicolon ‘;’ is used to separate more commands written on one line.

E.g. :RES 100;:OUTP ON

Terminators:
For GPIB interface each command line must end with <lf>. Response from the device also returns
<lf>. For non GPIB interfaces <cr>, <lf> or <crlf> can be used as terminator. The device returns
<crlf> in this case. The device performs all commands written on one line of the program after it
receives terminator. Without terminator, the program line is not executed.

Description of abbreviations
<DNPD> = Decimal Numeric Program Data, this format is used to express decimal number with or
without the exponent.
<CPD> = Character Program Data. Usually, it represents a group of alternative character
parameters. E.g. {SERial|GPIB|USB|LAN}.
<SPD> = String Program Data (quoted string). This type of parameter is similar to CPD, but allows
transmission of more ISO characters.
<BOOL> = Boolean Program Data. This type of parameter has only two states 0 and 1. Parameter can
take form of integer value (0 or 1), or character alias (ON or OFF). Device always returns integer
value (0 or 1).
<UNIT> = unit parameter works in conjunction with DNPD parameter and specifies unit of DNPD
(numeric) value. Unit must be selected from predefined ones. If UNIT part is omitted, default one is
used. Query always returns actual unit.
? = A flag indicating a request for the value of the parameter specified by the command. No other
parameter than the question mark can be used.
(?) = A flag indicating a request for the parameter specified by the command. This command permits
a value to be set as well as requested.
<cr> = carriage return. ASCII code 13. This code executes the program line.
<lf> =line feed. ASCII code 10. This code executes the program line.

6.6. SCPI Command Tree

This chapter sumarizes all public SCPI commands supported by device in alphabetic order. Detailed
description follows in next chapter.

:CALibration
:MEASure
:AMPLitude(?) <DNPD>
:VALue(?) <DNPD>
:SELect(?) <DNPD>
:RESistance
:AMPLitude(?) <DNPD>
:SELect(?) <DNPD>
:SECure
:PASSword(?) <DNPD>

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:EXIT
:DISPlay
:ANNotation
:CLOCk
:DATE
:FORMat(?) {MDYS|MDYA|DMYS|DMYO|DMYA|YMDS|YMDO}
[:STATe](?) {ON|OFF|1|0}
:BRIGhtness(?) <DNPD>
:LANGuage(?) {ENGLish}
:MEASure
:CURRent? <DNPD>
:VOLTage? <DNPD>
:OUTPut
:GROund(?) {ON|OFF|1|0}
:SHORt(?) {ON|OFF|1|0}
[:STATe](?) {ON|OFF|1|0}
[:SOURce]
:RESistance
[:AMPLitude](?) <DNPD>[OHM]
:TIMing
:PAPPend <SPD>
:PCOunt? <DNPD>
:PRESet<IND_PRESET>
:NAME(?) <SPD>
:PDELete
:RAPPend <SPD>
:RCOunt? <DNPD>
:ROW<IND_ROW>
:AMPLitude(?) <SPD>
:RDELete
:SELect(?) <DNPD>
:STATus
:OPERation
:CONDition(?) <DNPD>
:ENABle(?) <DNPD>
[:EVENt]? <DNPD>
:NTRansition(?) <DNPD>
:PTRansition(?) <DNPD>
:QUEStionable
:CONDition(?) <DNPD>
:ENABle(?) <DNPD>
[:EVENt]? <DNPD>
:NTRansition(?) <DNPD>
:PTRansition(?) <DNPD>
:SYSTem
:BEEPer
:STATe(?) {ON|OFF|1|0}
:VOLume(?) <DNPD>
:COMMunicate
:BUS(?) {SERial|GPIB|USB|LAN}
:GPIB
:ADDRess(?) <DNPD>
:LAN
:ADDRess(?) <CPD>
:MASK(?) <CPD>
:GATE(?) <CPD>

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:PORT(?) <DNPD>
:HOST(?) <CPD>
:DHCP(?) {ON|OFF|1|0}
:RESTart
:SERial
:BAUD(?) {1200|2400|4800|9600|19200|38400|57600|115200}
:DATE(?) <DNPD>,<DNPD>,<DNPD>
:ERRor
[:NEXT]? <CPD>
:KEY(?) <DNPD>
:LOCal
:PRESet
:REMote
:RWLock
:TIME(?) <DNPD>,<DNPD>,<DNPD>
:VERSion? <CPD>
*CLS
*ESE(?)
*ESR?
*IDN?
*OPC(?)
*OPT?
*RST
*SRE(?)
*STB?
*TST?
*WAI

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6.7. Standard Status Data Structures

Decade box meets standard protocol according to the standard IEEE488.2. The protocol can be used
for checking of error and status behavior of the device. It enables single-wire transmitting of SRQ
command. The conditions on which SRQ signal (local control request) is sent can be set with
parameters *STB?, *SRE?, *SRE, *ESR?, *ESE?, *ESE a *CLS.

Fig 19 Status register overview

Status data structure contains following registers:

STB – Status Byte Register
SRE – Service Request Enable Register
ESR – Event Status Register
ESE – Event Status Enable Register
Output Queue

STB Status Byte Register

STB is main register where information from other status registers and from output queue is collected.
Value of STB register is reset after switching on the device or after sending command *CLS. This
command reset the STB register except bit MAV, which remains set if the output queue is not empty.
STB register value can be read via serial message or through general query *STB?.
Bit configuration of Status Byte Register:

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OSS Operation Summary Status, bit 7. SCPI-defined. The OSS bit is set to 1 when the data in the
OSR (Operation Status Register) contains one or more enabled bits which are true.
RQS Request Service, bit 6. The bit is read as a part of status byte only when serial message is sent.
MSS Master Summary Status, bit 6. The MSS bit is set to 1 whenever bits ESB or MAV are 1 and
enabled (1) in the SRE. This bit can be read using the *STB? command. Its value is derived
from STB and SRE status.
ESB Event Summary Bit, bit 5. His value is derived from STB and SRE status. The ESB bit is set
to 1 when one or more enabled ESR bits are set to 1.
MAV Message Available, bit 4. The MAV bit is set to 1 whenever data is available in the IEEE488
Output Queue (the response on query is ready).
QSS Questionable Summary Status, bit 3. SCPI-defined. The QSS bit is set to 1 when the data in
the QSR (Questionable Status Register) contains one or more enabled bits which are true.

SRE Service Request Enable Register

The Service Request Enable Register suppresses or allows the STB bits. “0” value of a SRE bit means,
that the bit does not influence value of MSS bit. Value of any unmasked STB bit results in setting of
the MSS bit to the level “1” . SRE bit 6 is not influenced and its value is “0”. The SRE register value
can be set via the command *SRE followed by mask register value (0 – 191). The register can be read
with the command *SRE?. The register is automatically resets after switching the decade box on. The
register is not reset by the command *CLS.

ESR Event Status Register

Every bit of the EventStatusRegister corresponds to one event. Bit is set when the event is changed
and it remains set also when the event passed. The ESR is cleared when the power is turned on (except
bit PON which is set), and every time it is read via command *ESR? Or cleared with *CLS.
Bit configuration of Event Status Register:
PON Power On, bit 7. This event bit indicates that an off-to-on transition has occurred in the
device’s power supply.
URQ User Request, bit 6. Bit is not used and it is always “0”.
CME Command Error, bit 5. This event bit indicates that an incorrectly formed command or query
has been detected by the instrument.
EXE Execution Error, bit 4. This event bit indicates that the received command cannot be executed,
owing to the device state or the command parameter being out of limits.
DDE Device Dependent Error, bit 3. This event bit indicates that an error has occurred which is
neither a Command Error, a Query Error, nor an Execution Error. A Device-specific Error is
any executed device operation that did not properly complete due to some condition, such as
overload.
QYE Query Error, bit 2. The bit is set if the decade box is addressed as talker and output queue is
empty or if control unit did not pick up response before sending next query.
OPC Operation Complete, bit 0. This event bit is generated in response to the *OPC command. It
indicates that the device has completed all selected pending operations.

ESE Event Status Enable Register

The Event Status Enable Register allows one or more events in the Event Status Register to be
reflected in the ESB summary-message bit. This register is defined for 8 bits, each corresponding to
the bits in the Event Status Register. The Event Status Enable Register is read with the common query
*ESE?. Data is returned as a binary-weighted value. The Event Status Enable Register is written to by
the common command, *ESE. Sending the *ESE common command followed by a zero clears the
ESE. The Event Status Enable Register is cleared upon power-on.
It suppresses or allows bits in ESR register. Value „0“ of a bit of ESE register suppresses influence of
appropriate bit of ESR register on value of sum bit of ESB status register. Setting of any unmask bit of
ESR register results in setting of ESB status register. ESE register value can be modified by command
*ESE followed by value of mask register (integer in range 0 –255). Reading of the register can be

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M194 High Resistance Decade MEATEST

performed with command *ESE?. The register is automatically reset after switching on. The register is
not reset with *CLS command.

Operation Status Register

Not used in the decade box.

Questionable Status Register

Not used in the decade box.

Output Queue
The Output Queue stores response messages until they are read from control unit. If there is at
minimum one sign in the output queue, MAV register (message available) is set. The Output Queue is
cleared upon power-on and after reading all signs from output queue.

Error Queue
The Error Queue stores error messages. They are placed in a “first in, first out” queue.
The queue is read destructively using the query command “SYSTem:ERRor?” to obtain a code
number and errro message. The query “SYSTem:ERRor?” can be used to read errors in the queue until
it is empty, when the message “0, No Error” will be returned.

6.8. SCPI Standard Commands

This chapter describes standard SCPI commands.

*IDN?
Syntax:
*IDN?
Description:
This command returns the identification of the manufacturer, model, serial number and
firmware revision.
Parameters:
<CPD> manufacturer
<CPD> model
<DNPD> serial number
<DNPD> frimware version
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
*IDN? Response: MEATEST,M194,590321,1.00

*OPC
Syntax:
*OPC
Description:
This command sets the OPC bit in the ESR (Event Status Register) when all pending
operations are complete.
Parameters:
None
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
*OPC

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*OPC?
Syntax:
*OPC?
Description:
This command returns “1” to the output queue after all pending operations inside decade
box are complete.
Parameters:
<DNPD> always returns 1
Remarks:
Sequential command
Example:
*OPC? Response: 1

*OPT?
Syntax:
*OPT?
Description:
This command return the instrument’s hardware fitment. The only parameter returns
presence of GPIB/LAN/USB interface.
Parameters:
<DNPD> 0 – extended interface not present, 1 – extended interface present
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
*OPT? Response: 1

*WAI
Syntax:
*WAI
Description:
Prevents the instrument from executing any further commands or queries until all
previous remote commands have been executed.
Parameters:
None
Remarks:
Sequential command
Example:
*WAI

*RST
Syntax:
*RST
Description:
This command resets the device to its initial status.
Parameters:
None
Remarks:
Sequential command
Example:
*RST

*TST?
Syntax:
*TST?
Description:

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This command launches internal self-test and returns result.

Parameters:
<DNPD> 0 – test passed, 1 – test failed
Remarks:
Sequential command
Example:
*TST? Response: 0

*STB?
Syntax:
*STB?
Description:
This query returns content of register STB, which carries the MSS bit status.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Status byte register, Range 0 … 255
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
*STB? Response: 0

*SRE
Syntax:
*SRE
*SRE?
Description:
This command allows set condition of the Service Request Enable register. Since bit 6 is
not used, the maximum value is 191.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Service Request Enable register
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
*SRE 2
*SRE? Response: 2

*ESR?
Syntax:
*ESR?
Description:
This query returns the contents of the Event Status Register and clears the register.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Event Status Register
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
*ESR? Response: 0

*ESE
Syntax:
*ESE
*ESE?
Description:
This command programs the Event Status Enable register bits.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Event Status Enable register, Range 0 … 255
Remarks:

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Overlapped command
Example:
*ESE 2
*ESE? Response: 2

*CLS
Syntax:
*CLS
Description:
This command clears all status data structures in the device i.e. Event Status Register,
Status Byte Register except the MAV bit, Operation Status Register, Questionable Status
Register. Also error queue is cleared. Output queue is unaffected.
Parameters:
None
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
*CLS

6.9. SCPI Commands

This chapters describes all public SCPI commands in detailed form. The commands here are in
alphabetic order.

:CALibration:MEASure:AMPLitude
Syntax:
:CALibration:MEASure:AMPLitude?
Description:
This auxiliary command reads calibration constant of selected meter range.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Range 0 … 65535.
Remarks:
This command requires "Calibration" access
Overlapped command
Value is not affected by reset
Example:
CAL:MEAS:AMPL? Response: 32773

:CALibration:MEASure:VALue
Syntax:
:CALibration:MEASure:VALue <DNPD>
:CALibration:MEASure:VALue?
Description:
This command sets calibration value of standard from which calibration constant is
calculated. Read command returns actual meter readout.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Standard voltage value in Volts. Ranges and default values varies in
accordance to selected calibration point (see table “M194 Meter
calibration points”).
Remarks:
This command requires "Calibration" access
Overlapped command
Example:
CAL:MEAS:VAL 5500

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CAL:MEAS:VAL? Response: 5.500000E+03

:CALibration:MEASure:SELect
Syntax:
:CALibration:MEASure:SELect <DNPD>
:CALibration:MEASure:SELect?
Description:
This command enters calibration mode and selects meter range for calibration. Output
terminals are automatically switched-on.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Range 0 ... (2x Max. Meter Range Count) -1, zero based index of
resistance standard
Remarks:
This command requires "Calibration" access
Overlapped command
Example:
CAL:MEAS:SEL 1
CAL:MEAS:SEL? Response: 1

:CALibration:RESistance:AMPLitude
Syntax:
:CALibration:RESistance:AMPLitude <DNPD>
:CALibration:RESistance:AMPLitude?
Description:
This command sets calibration value of particular internal resistance standard at output
terminals including all parasitic resistances inside decade box.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Standard resistance value in Ohms. Ranges and default values varies
in accordance to selected resistance etalon (see table “M194
Resistance calibration points”).
Remarks:
This command requires "Calibration" access
Overlapped command
Value is not affected by reset
Example:
CAL:RES:AMPL 1.944
CAL:RES:AMPL? Response: 1.944000E+00

:CALibration:RESistance:SELect
Syntax:
:CALibration:RESistance:SELect <DNPD>
:CALibration:RESistance:SELect?
Description:
This command enters calibration mode and selects internal resistance standard for
calibration. Output terminals are automatically switched-on.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Range 0 ... Max. Resistance Count -1, zero based index of resistance
standard
Remarks:
This command requires "Calibration" access
Overlapped command
Example:
CAL:RES:SEL 0
CAL:RES:SEL? Response: 0

:CALibration:SECure:PASSword

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Syntax:
:CALibration:SECure:PASSword <DNPD>
Description:
This command validates entered password and enables calibration access if verification is
successful. Acces is invalidated after reset or if CAL:SEC:EXIT command is issued.
Calibration password can be changed from decade system menu SETUP->Calibration-
>Change password.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Range 0 ... 4294967295 (default 0)
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
CAL:SEC:PASS 0

:CALibration:SECure:EXIT
Syntax:
:CALibration:SECure:EXIT
Description:
This command exits calibration mode and access.
Parameters:
None
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
CAL:SEC:EXIT

:DISPlay:ANNotation:CLOCk:DATE:FORMat
Syntax:
:DISPlay:ANNotation:CLOCk:DATE:FORMat <CPD>
:DISPlay:ANNotation:CLOCk:DATE:FORMat?
Description:
This command sets format of date displayed on device screen.
Parameters:
<CPD> {MDYS|MDYA|DMYS|DMYO|DMYA|YMDS|YMDO} (default MDYS)
·MDYS M/D/Y format (M-month, D-day, Y-year)
·MDYA M-D-Y format
·DMYS D/M/Y format
·DMYO D.M.Y format
·DMYA D-M-Y format
·YMDS Y/M/D format
·YMDO Y.M.D format
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Value is not affected by reset
Example:
DISP:ANN:CLOC:DATE:FORM MDYS
DISP:ANN:CLOC:DATE:FORM? Response: MDYS

:DISPlay:ANNotation:CLOCk[:STATe]
Syntax:
:DISPlay:ANNotation:CLOCk[:STATe] <BOOL>
:DISPlay:ANNotation:CLOCk[:STATe]?
Description:
This command enables/disables showing actual time in title on device screen
Parameters:
<BOOL> {ON|OFF|1|0} (default 1)

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·ON actual time is shown

·OFF actual time is hidden
·1 same as ON
·0 same as OFF
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Value is not affected by reset
Example:
DISP:ANN:CLOC ON
DISP:ANN:CLOC? Response: 1

:DISPlay:BRIGhtness
Syntax:
:DISPlay:BRIGhtness <DNPD>
:DISPlay:BRIGhtness?
Description:
This command sets brightness of device display.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Range 0.0 ... 1.0 (default 1.0), 0.0 – Min, 1.0 – Max brightness
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Value is not affected by reset
Example:
DISP:BRIG 1.0
DISP:BRIG? Response: 1.000000E+00

:DISPlay:LANGuage
Syntax:
:DISPlay:LANGuage <CPD>
:DISPlay:LANGuage?
Description:
This command sets language that is used on device display.
Parameters:
<CPD> {ENGLish} (default ENGL)
·ENGLish english version
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Value is not affected by reset
Example:
DISP:LANG ENGL
DISP:LANG? Response: ENGL

:MEASure:CURRent
Syntax:
:MEASure:CURRent?
Description:
This command reads actual meter readout. Short function only.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Meter value in Amps.
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
MEAS:CURR? Response: 5.044000E-03

:MEASure:VOLTage
Syntax:

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:MEASure:VOLTage?
Description:
This command reads actual meter readout. Non-shorted functions only.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Meter value in Volts.
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
MEAS:VOLT? Response: 1.944000E+03

:OUTPut:GROund
Syntax:
:OUTPut:GROund <BOOL>
:OUTPut:GROund?
Description:
This setting affects Lo-terminal grounding.
Parameters:
<BOOL> {ON|OFF|1|0} (default 0)
·ON Lo-terminal is switched to ground
·OFF Lo-terminal is floating
·1 same as ON
·0 same as OFF
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Value is set to default after reset
Example:
OUTP:GRO ON
OUTP:GRO? Response: 1

:OUTPut:SHORt
Syntax:
:OUTPut:SHORt <BOOL>
:OUTPut:SHORt?
Description:
This command turns on short function. “Short” is activated only if output terminals are
switched on (see OUTP:STAT command).
Parameters:
<BOOL> {ON|OFF|1|0} (default 0)
·ON short is set if output is on
·OFF resistance is set if output is on
·1 same as ON
·0 same as OFF
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Value is set to default after reset
Example:
OUTP:SHOR ON
OUTP ON
OUTP:SHOR? Response: 1

:OUTPut:SWITching
Syntax:
:OUTPut:SWITching <CPD>
:OUTPut:SWITching?
Description:

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Quick changes in output resistance with output terminals loaded with high voltage may
cause voltage spikes at output terminals. This setting allows selecting a method how new
resistance at output terminals is achieved.
Parameters:
<CPD> {DEFault|OPEN} (default DEFault)
·DEFault series of steps preventing high voltage peaks
·OPEN open function is activated before new resistance is set
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Value is not affected by reset
Example:
OUTP:SWIT DEF
OUTP:SWIT? Response: DEF

:OUTPut[:STATe]
Syntax:
:OUTPut[:STATe] <BOOL>
:OUTPut[:STATe]?
Description:
This command switches ON/OFF output terminals. This command operates in
conjunction with OUTP:SHOR command:
OUTP:STAT OUTP:SHOR Output terminals
OFF OFF Open
OFF ON Open
ON OFF Resistance
ON ON Short
Tab 5 OUTPut command structure

Parameters:
<BOOL> {ON|OFF|1|0} (default 0)
·ON output terminals are switched on
·OFF output terminals are switched off
·1 same as ON
·0 same as OFF
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Value is set to default after reset
Example:
OUTP ON
OUTP? Response: 1

[:SOURce]:RESistance[:AMPLitude]
Syntax:
[:SOURce]:RESistance[:AMPLitude] <DNPD>[<UNIT>]
[:SOURce]:RESistance[:AMPLitude]?
Description:
This command sets amplitude in Resistance mode. Node SOUR:RES also selects
“RESISTANCE” function if not already selected. Optionaly unit can be enclosed.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Range 10.0e3 ... 100.0e9, default 100.0e6
<UNIT> {OHM}
·OHM
Remarks:
Overlapped command

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Value is set to default after reset

Example:
RES 1000000.0
RES? Response: 1.000000E+06 OHM

[:SOURce]:TIMing:PAPPend
Syntax:
[:SOURce]:TIMing:PAPPend <SPD>
Description:
This command appends new preset into timing function. The new appended preset has
empty timing table and new records should be also appended (see
TIM:PRES<index>:RAPP). The new preset has its own index and can be obtained by
TIM:PCO command.
Parameters:
<SPD> Quoted preset name. Upper alpha, lower alpha, digits and spaces are
allowable. Maximum string size is 10 characters.
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
TIM:PAPP "TIME2"

[:SOURce]:TIMing:PCOunt?
Syntax:
[:SOURce]:TIMing:PCOunt?
Description:
This command retreives actual number of timing presets. This number represents
maximum index used in preset commands.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Integer value representing preset count
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
TIM:PCO? Response: 1

[:SOURce]:TIMing:PRESet<IND_PRESET>:NAME
Syntax:
[:SOURce]:TIMing:PRESet<IND_PRESET>:NAME <SPD>
[:SOURce]:TIMing:PRESet<IND_PRESET>:NAME?
Description:
This command allows reading and changing preset name. The preset must exist before its
name is changed or read.
Parameters:
<IND_PRESET> Range 1 ... Preset count (1 - if omitted)
<SPD> Quoted preset name. Upper alpha, lower alpha, digits and spaces are
allowable. Maximum string size is 10 characters.
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
TIM:PRES2:NAME "TIME 1s"
TIM:PRES2:NAME? Response: "TIME 1s"

[:SOURce]:TIMing:PRESet<IND_PRESET>:PDELete
Syntax:
[:SOURce]:TIMing:PRESet<IND_PRESET>:PDELete
Description:

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This command allows deleting existing preset. The preset will be deleted including
particular timing table.
Parameters:
<IND_PRESET> Range 1 ... Preset count (1 - if omitted)
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
TIM:PRES1:PDEL

[:SOURce]:TIMing:PRESet<IND_PRESET>:RAPPend
Syntax:
[:SOURce]:TIMing:PRESet<IND_PRESET>:RAPPend <SPD>
Description:
This command appends new record at the end of timing table.
Parameters:
<IND_PRESET> Range 1 ... 255 (1 - if omitted)
<SPD> Quoted string representing amplitude. The amplitude consists of two
float numeric fields separated by comma. The first one represents
timing interval in seconds and the second one amplitude in Ohms.
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
TIM:PRES1:RAPP "0.5,220.0"

[:SOURce]:TIMing:PRESet<IND_PRESET>:RCOunt?
Syntax:
[:SOURce]:TIMing:PRESet<IND_PRESET>:RCOunt?
Description:
This commands returns actual number of records in timing table.
Parameters:
<IND_PRESET> Range 1 ... Preset count (1 - if omitted)
<DNPD> Integer value representing number of records
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
TIM:PRES1:RCO? Response: 6

[:SOURce]:TIMing:PRESet<IND_PRESET>:ROW<IND_ROW>:AMPLitude
Syntax:
[:SOURce]:TIMing:PRESet<IND_PRESET>:ROW<IND_ROW>:AMPLitude <SPD>
[:SOURce]:TIMing:PRESet<IND_PRESET>:ROW<IND_ROW>:AMPLitude?
Description:
This command sets / retreives selected row in timing table.
Parameters:
<IND_PRESET> Range 1 ... Preset count (1 - if omitted)
<IND_ROW> Range 1 ... Row count (1 - if omitted)
<SPD> Quoted string representing amplitude. The amplitude consists of two
float numeric fields separated by comma. The first one represents
timing interval in seconds and the second one amplitude in Ohms.
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
TIM:PRES2:ROW1:AMPL "0.5,2200000.0"
TIM:PRES2:ROW1:AMPL? Response: " 5.000000E-01,2.200000E+06"

[:SOURce]:TIMing:PRESet<IND_PRESET>:ROW<IND_ROW>:RDELete

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Syntax:
[:SOURce]:TIMing:PRESet<IND_PRESET>:ROW<IND_ROW>:RDELete
Description:
This command deletes row from timing table.
Parameters:
<IND_PRESET> Range 1 ... Preset count (1 - if omitted)
<IND_ROW> Range 1 ... Row count (1 - if omitted)
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
TIM:PRES2:ROW1:RDEL

[:SOURce]:TIMing:SELect
Syntax:
[:SOURce]:TIMing:SELect <DNPD>
[:SOURce]:TIMing:SELect?
Description:
This command selects timing preset. Selected preset is the preset that is shown on device
display and has no effect on other SOUR:TIM commands.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Range 0 ... Preset count-1 (default 0)
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Value is not affected by reset
Example:
TIM:SEL 0
TIM:SEL? Response: 0

:STATus:OPERation:CONDition
Syntax:
:STATus:OPERation:CONDition?
Description:
This query returns the content of Operational Condition register. It is a decimal value
which corresponds to the binary-weighted sum of all bits in the register. Register is not
cleared after this query. The response to the query therefore represents an instantaneous
'Snapshot' of the register state, at the time that the query was accepted.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Operational Condition register
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
STAT:OPER:COND? Response: 2

:STATus:OPERation:ENABle
Syntax:
:STATus:OPERation:ENABle <DNPD>
:STATus:OPERation:ENABle?
Description:
This command enables bits in the Operational Data Enable register. Selected bits are
summarized at bit 7 (OSS) of the IEEE488.2 Status Byte register.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Operational Data Enable register
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
STAT:OPER:ENAB 2

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STAT:OPER:ENAB? Response: 2

:STATus:OPERation[:EVENt]?
Syntax:
:STATus:OPERation[:EVENt]?
Description:
This query returns the content of Operational Data Event register. It is a decimal value
which corresponds to the binary-weighted sum of all bits set in the register. Register is
cleared after this query.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Operational Data Event register
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
STAT:OPER? Response: 0

:STATus:OPERation:NTRansition
Syntax:
:STATus:OPERation:NTRansition <DNPD>
:STATus:OPERation:NTRansition?
Description:
This comman allows set Operation Negative Transition Register. It is a decimal value
which corresponds to the binary-weighted sum of all bits set in the register. Setting a bit
in the negative transition filter shall cause a 1 to 0 transition in the corresponding bit of
the associated condition register to cause a 1 to be written in the associated bit of the
corresponding event register.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Operation Negative Transition Register, Range 0… 32767
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
STAT:OPER:NTR 2
STAT:OPER:NTR? Response: 2

:STATus:OPERation:PTRansition
Syntax:
:STATus:OPERation:PTRansition <DNPD>
:STATus:OPERation:PTRansition?
Description:
This comman allows set Operation Positive Transition Register. It is a decimal value
which corresponds to the binary-weighted sum of all bits set in the register. Setting a bit
in the positive transition filter shall cause a 0 to 1 transition in the corresponding bit of the
associated condition register to cause a 1 to be written in the associated bit of the
corresponding event register.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Operation Positive Transition Register, Range 0 … 32767
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
STAT:OPER:PTR 1.0
STAT:OPER:PTR? Response: 1.000000E+00

:STATus:QUEStionable:CONDition
Syntax:
:STATus:QUEStionable:CONDition?
Description:

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This query returns the content of Questionable Condition register. It is a decimal value
which corresponds to the binary-weighted sum of all bits in the register. Register is not
cleared after this query. The response to the query therefore represents an instantaneous
'Snapshot' of the register state, at the time that the query was accepted.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Questionable Condition register
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
STAT:QUES:COND? Response: 2

:STATus:QUEStionable:ENABle
Syntax:
:STATus:QUEStionable:ENABle <DNPD>
:STATus:QUEStionable:ENABle?
Description:
This command enables bits in the Questionable Data Enable register. Selected bits are
summarized at bit 3 (QSS) of the IEEE488.2 Status Byte register.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Questionable Data Enable register
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
STAT:QUES:ENAB 2
STAT:QUES:ENAB? Response: 2

:STATus:QUEStionable[:EVENt]?
Syntax:
:STATus:QUEStionable[:EVENt]?
Description:
This query returns the content of Questionable Data Event register. It is a decimal value
which corresponds to the binary-weighted sum of all bits set in the register. Register is
cleared after this query.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Questionable Data Event register
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
STAT:QUES? Response: 0

:STATus:QUEStionable:NTRansition
Syntax:
:STATus:QUEStionable:NTRansition <DNPD>
:STATus:QUEStionable:NTRansition?
Description:
This comman allows set Questionable Negative Transition Register. It is a decimal value
which corresponds to the binary-weighted sum of all bits set in the register. Setting a bit
in the negative transition filter shall cause a 1 to 0 transition in the corresponding bit of
the associated condition register to cause a 1 to be written in the associated bit of the
corresponding event register.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Questionable Negative Transition Register, Range 0… 32767
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
STAT:QUES:NTR 2

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STAT:QUES:NTR? Response: 2

:STATus:QUEStionable:PTRansition
Syntax:
:STATus:QUEStionable:PTRansition <DNPD>
:STATus:QUEStionable:PTRansition?
Description:
This comman allows set Questionable Positive Transition Register. It is a decimal value
which corresponds to the binary-weighted sum of all bits set in the register. Setting a bit
in the positive transition filter shall cause a 0 to 1 transition in the corresponding bit of the
associated condition register to cause a 1 to be written in the associated bit of the
corresponding event register.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Questionable Positive Transition Register, Range 0… 32767
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
STAT:QUES:PTR 2
STAT:QUES:PTR? Response: 2

:SYSTem:BEEPer:STATe
Syntax:
:SYSTem:BEEPer:STATe <BOOL>
:SYSTem:BEEPer:STATe?
Description:
This command sets state of device beeper.
Parameters:
<BOOL> {ON|OFF|1|0} (default 1)
·ON device system beeper is enabled
·OFF device system beeper is disabled
·1 same as ON
·0 same as OFF
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Value is not affected by reset
Example:
SYST:BEEP:STAT ON
SYST:BEEP:STAT? Response: 1

:SYSTem:BEEPer:VOLume
Syntax:
:SYSTem:BEEPer:VOLume <DNPD>
:SYSTem:BEEPer:VOLume?
Description:
This command sets the system device beeper volume.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Range 0.0 ... 1.0 (Max. volume) (default 0.2)
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Value is not affected by reset
Example:
SYST:BEEP:VOL 0.2
SYST:BEEP:VOL? Response: 2.000000E-01

:SYSTem:COMMunicate:BUS
Syntax:

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:SYSTem:COMMunicate:BUS <CPD>
:SYSTem:COMMunicate:BUS?
Description:
This command selects communication interface.
Parameters:
<CPD> {SERial|GPIB|USB|LAN} (default SER)
·SERial RS232 interface
·GPIB GPIB interface
·USB USB interface
·LAN LAN interface
Remarks:
Sequential command
Value is not affected by reset
Example:
SYST:COMM:BUS SER
SYST:COMM:BUS? Response: SER

:SYSTem:COMMunicate:GPIB:ADDRess
Syntax:
:SYSTem:COMMunicate:GPIB:ADDRess <DNPD>
:SYSTem:COMMunicate:GPIB:ADDRess?
Description:
This commands allows set communication GPIB address
Parameters:
<DNPD> Range 1 ... 31 (default 2)
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Value is not affected by reset
Example:
SYST:COMM:GPIB:ADDR 2
SYST:COMM:GPIB:ADDR? Response: 2

:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:ADDRess
Syntax:
:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:ADDRess <CPD>
:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:ADDRess?
Description:
This command allows to change IP address if DHCP is switched off. Interface must be
restarted to take effect (see SYST:COMM:REST command).
Parameters:
<CPD> Range 000.000.000.000 ... 255.255.255.255 (default 192.168.001.100)
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Value is not affected by reset
Example:
SYST:COMM:LAN:ADDR 192.168.001.100
SYST:COMM:LAN:ADDR? Response: 192.168.001.100

:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:MASK
Syntax:
:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:MASK <CPD>
:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:MASK?
Description:
This command allows to change subnet mask if DHCP is switched off. Interface must be
restarted to take effect (see SYST:COMM:REST command).
Parameters:

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<CPD> Range 000.000.000.000 ... 255.255.255.255 (default 255.255.255.000)

Remarks:
Overlapped command
Value is not affected by reset
Example:
SYST:COMM:LAN:MASK 255.255.255.000
SYST:COMM:LAN:MASK? Response: 255.255.255.000

:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:GATE
Syntax:
:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:GATE <CPD>
:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:GATE?
Description:
This command allows to change default gateway if DHCP is switched off. Interface must
be restarted to take effect (see SYST:COMM:REST command).
Parameters:
<CPD> Range 000.000.000.000 ... 255.255.255.255 (default 255.255.255.255)
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Value is not affected by reset
Example:
SYST:COMM:LAN:GATE 255.255.255.255
SYST:COMM:LAN:GATE? Response: 255.255.255.255

:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:PORT
Syntax:
:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:PORT <DNPD>
:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:PORT?
Description:
This command allows to change port number. Interface must be restarted to take effect
(see SYST:COMM:REST command).
Parameters:
<DNPD> Range 0 ... 9999 (default 23)
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Value is not affected by reset
Example:
SYST:COMM:LAN:PORT 23
SYST:COMM:LAN:PORT? Response: 23

:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:HOST
Syntax:
:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:HOST <CPD>
:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:HOST?
Description:
This command allows to change host name if DHCP is switched on. Interface must be
restarted to take effect (see SYST:COMM:REST command).
Parameters:
<CPD> Upper alpha, lower alpha, digits, underscores and spaces are
allowable. Maximum string size is 14 characters.
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Value is not affected by reset
Example:
SYST:COMM:LAN:HOST M194_SNXXXXXX
SYST:COMM:LAN:HOST? Response: M194_SNXXXXXX

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:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:DHCP
Syntax:
:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:DHCP <BOOL>
:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:DHCP?
Description:
This command allows switch On/Off DHCP.
Parameters:
<BOOL> {ON|OFF|1|0} (default 1)
·ON DHCP is On
·OFF DHCP is Off
·1 same as ON
·0 same as OFF
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Value is not affected by reset
Example:
SYST:COMM:LAN:DHCP ON
SYST:COMM:LAN:DHCP? Response: 1

:SYSTem:COMMunicate:RESTart
Syntax:
:SYSTem:COMMunicate:RESTart
Description:
This command will restart communication interface. It will take several seconds. During
this period device will not respond to any commands. Restart is needed for all LAN
setting changes.
Parameters:
None
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
SYST:COMM:REST

:SYSTem:COMMunicate:SERial:BAUD
Syntax:
:SYSTem:COMMunicate:SERial:BAUD <CPD>
:SYSTem:COMMunicate:SERial:BAUD?
Description:
This command allows changing RS232 transfer rate.
Parameters:
<CPD> {1200|2400|4800|9600|19200|38400|57600|115200} (default 9600)
·1200 1200 Bd
·2400 2400 Bd
·4800 4800 Bd
·9600 9600 Bd
·19200 19200 Bd
·38400 38400 Bd
·57600 57600 Bd
·115200 115200 Bd
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Value is not affected by reset
Example:
SYST:COMM:SER:BAUD 9600
SYST:COMM:SER:BAUD? Response: 9600

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:SYSTem:DATE
Syntax:
:SYSTem:DATE <DNPD>,<DNPD>,<DNPD>
:SYSTem:DATE?
Description:
This commands allows to change system device date.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Year, Range 2000 ... 2063
<DNPD> Month, Range 1 ... 12
<DNPD> Day, Range 1 ... 31
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
SYST:DATE 2012,12,31
SYST:DATE? Response: 2012,12,31

:SYSTem:ERRor[:NEXT]?
Syntax:
:SYSTem:ERRor[:NEXT]?
Description:
This command reads SCPI error (maximum 32) that occurred at first. If number of SCPI
errors exceed 32, error -350 “Queue overflow” is returned. For all available error codes
and messages see “SCPI Error codes” table. Error queue is cleared by reading all errors or
by issuing *CLS command.
Parameters:
<DNPD> Error code
<SPD> Quoted error message
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
SYST:ERR? Response: -300,”Device error”

:SYSTem:KEY
Syntax:
:SYSTem:KEY <DNPD>
:SYSTem:KEY?
Description:
This command allows send key code to the device the same way the user can press keys
on front panel. Query returns last pressed key.

Key Code
KEY_0 12
KEY_1 11
KEY_2 15
KEY_3 19
KEY_4 10
KEY_5 14
KEY_6 18
KEY_7 9
KEY_8 13
KEY_9 17
KEY_SELECT 25
KEY_ENTER 24
KEY_CANCEL 23

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KEY_UP 2
KEY_DOWN 1
KEY_LEFT 3
KEY_RIGHT 4
KEY_EXPONENT 21
KEY_BACKSPACE 22
KEY_POINT 16
KEY_USER_1 5
KEY_USER_2 6
KEY_USER_3 7
KEY_USER_4 8
KEY_SIGN 20
KEY_OPER 26
KEY_STBY 27
Tab 6 Keyboard codes

Parameters:
<DNPD> Key code. For particular key codes see table above.
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
SYST:KEY 12
SYST:KEY? Response: 12

:SYSTem:LOCal
Syntax:
:SYSTem:LOCal
Description:
This command places device in the LOCAL mode and unlocks all keys on front panel of
the device. The Command is valid only for RS232, LAN and USB interfaces. The device
will not respond to commands in LOCAL mode.
Parameters:
None
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
SYST:LOC

:SYSTem:PRESet
Syntax:
:SYSTem:PRESet
Description:
This command will preset all device settings. These settings are the same as the RESET
ones.
Parameters:
None
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
SYST:PRES

:SYSTem:REMote
Syntax:
:SYSTem:REMote

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Description:
This command places device in the REMOTE mode and locks all keys but LOCAL key.
The Command is valid only for RS232, LAN and USB interfaces. The device will not
respond to any other command until is in REMOTE mode.
Parameters:
None
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
SYST:REM

:SYSTem:RWLock
Syntax:
:SYSTem:RWLock
Description:
This command places device in the REMOTE mode and locks all keys including LOCAL
key. The Command is valid only for RS232, LAN, USB interfaces. The device will not
respond to any other command until is in REMOTE mode.
Parameters:
None
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
SYST:RWL

:SYSTem:TIME
Syntax:
:SYSTem:TIME <DNPD>,<DNPD>,<DNPD>
:SYSTem:TIME?
Description:
This commands allows set system device time (RTC).
Parameters:
<DNPD> Hours, Range 0 ... 23
<DNPD> Minutes, Range 0 ... 59
<DNPD> Seconds, Range 0 ... 59
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
SYST:TIME 10,45,15
SYST:TIME? Response: 10,45,15

:SYSTem:VERSion?
Syntax:
:SYSTem:VERSion?
Description:
This query retreives version of implemented SCPI language
Parameters:
<CPD> SCPI language version
Remarks:
Overlapped command
Example:
SYST:VERS? Response: 1999.0

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6.10. SCPI Error codes

Decade box distinguishes following SCPI error codes. These codes are reported on device display
screen or can be read by SYST:ERR? Command.

Error Message
-100 "Command error"
-101 "Invalid character"
-102 "Syntax error"
-103 "Invalid separator"
-104 "Data type error"
-105 "GET not allowed"
-108 "Parameter not allowed"
-109 "Missing parameter"
-112 "Program mnemonic too long"
-113 "Undefined header"
-114 "Header suffix out of range"
-120 "Numeric data error"
-121 "Invalid character in number"
-130 "Suffix error"
-141 "Invalid character data"
-144 "Character data too long"
-151 "Invalid string data"
-161 "Invalid block data"
-203 "Command protected"
-220 "Parameter error"
-222 "Data out of range"
-283 "Illegal variable name"
-350 "Queue overflow"
-400 "Query error"
-410 "Query INTERRUPTED"
-420 "Query UNTERMINATED"
-430 "Query DEADLOCKED"
-440 "Query UNTERMINATED after
indefinite response"
514 "Command not allowed with
GPIB"
Tab 7 SCPI error codes

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7. Maintenance

This chapter explains how to perform the routine maintenance to keep your device in optimal
operating condition. The tasks covered in this chapter include the following:

• Fuse replacing
• External surface cleaning

7.1. Fuse replacing

The instrument includes a fuse located in the mains connector at the rear panel. Replace the fuse
as follows:

• Switch off the decade box

• Remove the end of power cord from the mains connector at the rear panel.
• Insert the blade of a flat screwdriver into the opening cut in the mains voltage selector and pull out
the fuse holder.
• Remove the fuse and replace it with new fuse of the same rating.

7.2. External surface cleaning

To keep the device looking like new, clean the case and front panel keys using a soft cloth
slightly dampened with either water or a non-abrasive mild cleaning solution that is not harmful to
plastics.

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8. Technical data

Accuracies include long-term stability, temperature coefficient, linearity, load and line
regulation and the traceability of factory and National calibration standards. Specified accuracy is
valid after 15 minute warm up in temperature range 23 ± 2 °C. Specified accuracy is one year
accuracy.

Function RESISTANCE
Total resistance range: 10.00 kΩ to 100.0 GΩ
Resolution 3½ digit
Maximal test voltage 65 VDC to 6 000 VDC depending on resistance value

Accuracy & maximal ratings

Resistance range Accuracy* Maximum DC test Test voltage accuracy
% voltage**
V
10.00 kΩ - 99.99 kΩ 0.1 65 0.5 % + 2 V
100.0 kΩ - 999.9 kΩ 0.1 315 0.5 % + 2 V
1.000 MΩ - 1.999 MΩ 0.1 1 250 0.5 % + 10 V
2.000 MΩ - 9.999MΩ 0.1 2 500 0.5 % + 10 V
10.00MΩ - 99.99MΩ 0.1 6 000 0.5 % + 10 V
100.0MΩ - 499.9MΩ 0.2 6 000 0.5 % + 10 V
500.0MΩ - 999.9MΩ 0.2 6 000 0.5 % + 10 V
1.000GΩ - 9.999GΩ 0.5 6 000 0.5 % + 10 V
10.00GΩ - 19.99GΩ 1.0 6 000 0.5 % + 10 V
20.00GΩ - 100.0GΩ*** 1.0 6 000 0.5 % + 10 V
Tab 8 Accuracy
*
Accuracy is valid for reference temperature range 23+/-2 °C with RH < 50%.
**
Maximum measured DC test voltage is 5% over the specified range.
***
Full accuracy is reached 1 minute after the test voltage is attached.

Temperature dependency: Add:

0.1 x specified accuracy /°C at reference temperature for
temperature outside of reference temperature 23 ± 2°C, from
+13 °C to +33 °C
Humidity dependency: Add:
0.02 x specified accuracy / % RH for range 100.0 MΩ to 9.99 GΩ
0.05 x specified accuracy / % RH for range 10.00 GΩ to 100.0 GΩ
for ambient humidity in range 50 to 70 % RH

Test voltage range: max 6 000 VDC + 5% over range, see Tab 8
Test voltage indication: 3 digit voltmeter with range:
6000 VDC with suppressed indication bellow 50 VDC in
resistance range 1.000 MΩ to 100.0 GΩ
400 VDC with suppressed indication bellow 5 VDC in
resistance range 10.00 kΩ to 999.9 kΩ

Maximum safe DC voltage between H and L terminal: 6 500 VDC

Maximum safe DC voltage between L and GND terminal: 20 VDC

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Function TIMING
Range of time interval: 1.0 to 60.0 s
Resistance range: 10.00 k Ω to 100.0 G Ω
Max. number of time intervals: 60 in all tables
Max. number of tables: 10

Function SHORT (Short test current)

Current range: 0.00 – 10.00 mA DC
Input resistance: 200 Ω ± 10%
Short test current accuracy: 0.2% + 25 uA

General data
Warm up time: 15 minutes
Operating temperatures: 23 ± 10 ºC, relative humidity < 70%
Storage temperatures: -10 °C to +50 °C
Reference condition: Ambient temperature 23 ± 2 °C
Relative humidity < 50 % for resistance range from 10 GΩ to
100 GΩ
Relative humidity < 70 % for resistance range from 10 kΩ to
10 GΩ

Housing: metal sheet

Terminals: instrument terminals diameter 4mm, gold plated
Interface: RS232 (optionally IEEE488, USB, Ethernet)
Dimension: 385 (W) x 425 (D) x 128 (H) mm
Weight 6 kg
Power line: 110/115/120/125 - 220/230 V – 45/65 Hz
Power consumption: 25 VA
Safety class: I according to EN 1010-1
Isolation resistance between
Output terminals and housing: > 2 G (at 500V DC)
Used external fuses: T500mL250V for 230 VAC power supply voltage, 1 pc
T1L250V for 115 VAC power supply voltage, 1 pc

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9. Accessory

Basic accessories (included in delivery)

• Power line cable 1 pc
• User´s manual 1 pc
• Calibration certificate 1 pc
• Spare fuse 1 pc

Options (extra ordered)

• Opt 10 Test cable 1000V/20A black, 1m
• Opt 191-11 Test cable 5000V red, 1m
• Cable GPIB IEEE488/IEEE488, 2m

10. Ordering information

Interface
M194-V1xxx - RS232
M194-V2xxx - RS232, LAN, USB, IEEE488
Housing
M194-Vxx0x - table version
Alternatively, the benchtop version can be fitted with RACK M adapter (3HE). Rack adapter is
detachable providing extra flexibility.

Order example:
M194-V2010 High Resistance Decade, RS232, LAN, USB, IEEE488

Manufacturer

MEATEST, s.r.o. tel: +420 543 250 886

Železná 509/3, 619 00 Brno fax: +420 543 250 890
Czech Republic meatest@meatest.cz
www.meatest.com

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According to EN ISO/IEC 17050-1:2010 standard as well as 2014/30/EU and 2014/35/EU

directives of European Parliament and European Council, MEATEST, spol. s r. o.,
manufacturer of M194 High Resistance Decade based in Železná 3, 619 00 Brno,
Czech Republic, declares that its product conforms to following specifications:

- EN 61010-1 ed. 2:2010 + A1:2016 + COR1:2019-03

- EN 61000 part 3-2 ed. 5:2019

- EN 61000 part 3-3 ed. 3:2014
- EN 61000 part 4-2 ed. 2:2009
- EN 61000 part 4-3 ed. 3:2006 +A1:2008+A2:2011+Z1:2010
- EN 61000 part 4-4 ed. 3:2013
- EN 61000 part 4-5 ed. 3:2015 + A1:2018
- EN 61000 part 4-6 ed. 4:2014
- EN 61000 part 4-11 ed. 2:2005
- EN 61326-1 ed. 3:2020

Brno March 25th, 2024

Place Date Signature

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