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Exponential Distributions

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15 views3 pages

Exponential Distributions

Uploaded by

saifh7410
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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The Family of Exponential Distributions

Exponential Distributions: The exponential distribution is a continuous probability distribution


used to model the time we need to wait before a given event occurs. It is often used to model the
time elapsed between events. Furthermore, this distribution usually describes times between
events in a sequence. HeretThe actions occur independently at a constant rate per unit of time or
length.

Example of some events which follows exponential Distribution:

• If we want to know at what time point will the growth of the patients of covid – 19
become slower? at what time point will the growth of covid – 19 become slower etc. then
Exponential distribution can be a good technique.

• The service times in a system (e.g., how long it takes to serve a customer).

• The time between “hits” on a website.

• The lifetime of an electrical component.

• The time until the next phone call arrives in a customer service center.

• The amount of time (beginning now) until an earthquake occurs.

• The amount of time, in months, a car battery lasts.

Graphical presentation of Exponential Distribution at different rate

1
• λ is often referred to as the “rate” parameter

• The exponential probability distribution is positively skewed.

Properties of Exponential distribution:


1
• Mean of exponential distribution, 𝜇 = 𝜆
1
• Variance of exponential distribution, 𝜎 2 = 𝜆2
1
• Standard deviation of exponential distribution, 𝜎 = 𝜆

Probability density function of exponential distribution:

𝑃(𝑋 = 𝑥) = 𝜆𝑒 −𝜆𝑥

Here, λ is the “rate” and only parameter of exponential distribution.

𝑥 is exponential random variable, where, 𝑥 ≥ 0

Cumulative DISTRIBUTION:

𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 𝑥) = 1 − 𝜆𝑒 −𝜆𝑥

Mathematical Example 1: Orders for prescriptions arrive at a pharmacy website according to an


exponential probability distribution at a mean of one every 20 seconds. Find the probability the
next order arrives in
a) less than 5 seconds,
b) More than 40 seconds, or
c) Between 5 and 40 seconds.

Solution: Here, random variable, 𝑥 = arrival time

a) 𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 𝑥) = 1 − 𝜆𝑒 −𝜆𝑥
1
1
 𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 5) = 1 − 20 𝑒 −20×5 = 0.876

b) 𝑃(𝑋 > 40) = 1 − 𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 40)


1
1
= 1 − (1 − 40 𝑒 −20×40 ) = 0.018

c) 𝑃(5 ≤ 𝑋 ≤ 40) = 𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 40) - 𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 5)


1 1
1 1
= (1 − 40 𝑒 −20×40 ) - (1 − 20 𝑒 −20×5 ) = 0.106

2
Exercise: The lifetime of plasma and LCD TV sets follows an exponential distribution with a
mean of 100,000 hours. Compute the probability a television set:

• Fails in less than 10,000 hours.

• Lasts more than 120,000 hours.

• Fails between 60,000 and 100,000 hours of use.

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