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Problem solving course syllabus guide

The document outlines the foundations of problem solving in mathematics education, discussing its definition, importance, and integration into the K to 12 curriculum. It details strategies for solving both routine and non-routine problems, emphasizing the role of heuristics and mathematical modeling. Additionally, it covers key principles of problem solving and the effective communication of results from mathematical investigations.

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40 views3 pages

Problem solving course syllabus guide

The document outlines the foundations of problem solving in mathematics education, discussing its definition, importance, and integration into the K to 12 curriculum. It details strategies for solving both routine and non-routine problems, emphasizing the role of heuristics and mathematical modeling. Additionally, it covers key principles of problem solving and the effective communication of results from mathematical investigations.

Uploaded by

carlitogelito
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problem solving

I. Problem Solving and Mathematics Education


a. Problem Solving: Definition and Process
b. Problem Solving and Mathematics Education
c. Problem Solving and the Conceptual Framework of the K to 12
Mathematics Curriculum
d. Factors Affecting Problem Solving
e. Lessons from Research Studies on Implementing Problem Solving

II. Mathematical Investigation and Modelling


a. closed versus open ended problems
b. problem posing
c. mathematical investigation: process versus activity
d. mathematical modelling and the real-world

III. Problem Solving Heuristics


a. Search for a Pattern and formulate conjectures
b. Make a Diagram
c. Organize Data and Use Logic
d. Modify the Problem
e. Divide into Cases
f. Consider Extreme Cases
g. Look for Symmetry
h. Choose Effective Notation
i. Work Backward
j. Pursue Parity
k. Color and Prove

IV. Some Important Principles


a. Pigeonhole Principle
b. Invariant principle
c. Principle of Mathematical Induction
d. Argue by Contradiction

V. Reporting Results of a Mathematical Investigation


I. Foundations of Problem Solving in Mathematics Education
a. Problem Solving: Definition, Process, and Importance in Education
b. Problem Solving in the Conceptual Framework of the K to 12 Mathematics Curriculum
c. The Role of Problem Solving in Developing Mathematical Thinking
d. Factors Affecting Problem Solving (e.g., cognitive, affective, and environmental)
e. Lessons from Research Studies on Implementing Problem Solving

II. Solving Routine Problems


a. Characteristics of Routine Problems
b. Common Types of Routine Problems:

 Number Problems

 Age Problems

 Geometry Problems

 Motion Problems (Distance, Speed, and Time)

 Work Problems

 Investment Problems

 Mixture Problems
c. Using Heuristics for Solving Routine Problems:

 Make a Diagram

 Organize Data and Use Logic

 Work Backward

 Modify the Problem

 Search for a Pattern

III. Solving Non-Routine Problems


a. Characteristics and Importance of Non-Routine Problems in Mathematics Education
b. Non-Routine Problem-Solving Strategies and Heuristics:

 Divide into Cases

 Consider Extreme Cases

 Look for Symmetry

 Choose Effective Notation

 Use Parity

 Prove by Contradiction

 Search for Patterns and Formulate Conjectures


c. Application of Non-Routine Problems:

 Real-World Scenarios
 Open-Ended Problems vs. Closed Problems
d. Developing Creative and Critical Thinking Skills in Non-Routine Problem Solving

IV. Mathematical Investigation and Modeling


a. Mathematical Investigation:

 Process and Objectives of Mathematical Investigations

 Differences Between Investigation as a Process and as an Activity

 Exploring Patterns, Formulating Conjectures, and Testing Generalizations


b. Mathematical Modeling:

 The Modeling Process (Define, Formulate, Solve, Interpret)

 Connecting Mathematical Models to Real-Life Scenarios (e.g., environment, business, health)

 Examples of Models and Their Limitations

V. Important Problem-Solving Principles


a. Pigeonhole Principle: Applications and Examples
b. Invariant Principle: Identifying Unchanging Quantities
c. Principle of Mathematical Induction: Using Patterns to Prove Generalizations
d. Proof by Contradiction: Strengthening Logical Reasoning

VI. Reporting and Communicating Results of Problem Solving and Investigation


a. Writing Mathematical Arguments and Proofs
b. Structuring and Writing Mathematical Investigation Reports
c. Presenting Results: Effective Communication of Mathematical Ideas
d. Reflecting on Problem-Solving Processes and Outcomes

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