Animal Fibers

Fiber Smell Flame Withdrawn

Wool Burning Hair Small flickering flame, brittle ash, no smoldering Self-extinguishing

Silk Burning Feathers Calm, no smoldering, black beads, crushable Self-extinguishing

​​ Vegetable Fibers
Fiber Smell Flame Withdrawn

Cotton Burning Paper Flame amber or yellow, slow-burning, fluffy greyish ash Continues to burn

Linen Burning Grass Flame yellow, burns constantly, sparks Continues to burn,
burns completely

​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Synthetic Fibers
Fiber Smell Flame Withdrawn
Self-extinguishing
Nylon celery Orange, hard bead produced

Acrylic Burn quickly, a hard black bead that can be Continues to melt
pungent partially crushed

Polyester sweet/chemical Burns quickly, hard cream or black colored bead Continues to burn
that cannot be rushed

Rayon Burning Wood Rapid Burning flame, slow-burning embers, no Continues to burn
ash

​ ​ Microscopic images of hairs

Type of hair
Cat Dog human
Image[s]

Blood Spatters
Velocity Image Diameter of drops Speed Common causes

Low 4 mm or more < 5 feet/second Nosebleeds, small

outs, etc

Backstabbings, boastings, etc.

Medium 2-4 mm 5-100 feet/second

>100 feet/second Gunshots, bombings, etc.

High < 2mm
Powder Crystal Shape Color Solubility Ph HCI Iodine Formula Notes Other Names

Sodium Powder- White yes -8 none none C₂H₃NaO₂ Ecotermic when mixed with
Acetate Irregular shape water has a distinctive sweet
odor

Sand random white no -6 none None; bad odor SiO2 Does nothing, and may have
black spots

Calcium powder white no ~7 fizz None; the color looks CaCO₃ The powder itself is very airy Limestone, chalk,
Carbonate -8 sort of like mustard/ and holo-y aragonite
peanut butter

Vitamin C grains white yes -2 none Clears it C6H8O6 May have a colored tint- green, Ascorbic Acid
yellow, pink, or orange from
tablets. Distinctive smell.

Salt Signature white yes ~6 none none NaCl Delayed reaction with Iodine, Table salt
square grains -7 may be difficult to observe

Sugar grains white yes ~6 none none C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ Similar to salt but grains are Sucrose
-7 slightly rounded

Cornstarch powder white No- forms a ~6 none Blackens it C6H10O5 Pure white, and feels slippery.
solid-liquid -7
substance

Gelatin grains Light No; turns into ~6 none none C31H27N Swells in water
yellow gel over time O4

Alka- Seltzer powder white yes ~6 fizz fizz C16H17Na Fizzes with everything
-7 O14 including water

Yeast pellets tan no -7 none non mircorgani Generally easy to identify since Saccharomyces
sm it smells sort of like bread most Cerevista
of the time

Flour powder white No; lumpy ~6 none Blackens it - iodine C6,H10,O5 Clumps with water
-7 clumps together, unlike
cornstarch

Baking Soda powder white yes -8 Extremely None; more red-brown NaHCO₃ Rough texture (kinda) Sodium bicarbonate, sodium
hydrogen carbonate
fizzy for a than Plaster of Paris
long while

Gypsum powder white no ~6 none no CaSO4·2H Opaque bubbles and hardens in the Plaster of Paris, calcium sulfate
water dihydrate, alabaster
2O

Metal Color Density Water HCI Magnetic Formula Atomic Number Notes

Aluminum gray light none Little fizz no Al 13 Delayed reaction with HCI, takes a
long time, not reliable

Copper copper heavy none none no Cu 29 Very easy to ID

Iron black heavy none fizz yes Fe 26 Delayed reaction with Hci and
smells bad, almost like rotten eggs

Tin gray Light none Little fizz, Immediate no Sn 50 Yellow tint

Zinc gray heavy none Fizz, Immediate no Zn 30 shiny

Magnesium gray heavy Little fizz after a Fizzes and loses color, dissolves no Mg 12 dull
while after a while