SALVACION NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL (SHS)

Busuanga, Palawan

DAILY LESSON LOG

Name of Teacher: Geraldine L. Dumaran-Libarra
Subject: Practical Research-2
Grade and Block/Section: Grade 12 Block 1,2,3, & 4

Date: July 29/July 31, 2024

Content Standards: The learner demonstrates understanding of 1. the characteristics, strengths, weaknesses, and
kinds of quantitative research 2. the importance of quantitative research across fields 3. the nature of variables
Performance Standards: The learner is able to decide on suitable quantitative research in different areas of interest
Learning Competencies/Code: The learner describes the characteristics, strengths, weaknesses, and kinds of
quantitative research CS-RS12-Ia-c-1.

Topic: Characteristics of Quantitative Research

Reference: Curriculum Guide and Practical Research Books
Materials: Laptop, Projector, Learning Activity Sheets and Hand Outs

Activities:
Learners’ Activity—the learners will describe the characteristics of quantitative research
Activity
 Finding Clues
Directions: Group the following word clues if they are characteristics of Quantitative Research (Box A) or Qualitative
Research (Box B).

1. Measurable 6. Text-based 11. Subjective

2. Behavior 7. Intervention 12. Small sample
3. Statistical 8. Experimental group 13. Tables and charts
4. Narrative 9. Unstructured observation 14. Deductive
5. Objective 10. Inductive 15. Generalizable

Quantitative Research Qualitative Research

Analysis
 You have learned from Practical Research 1 that research method is classified into two main types:
quantitative and qualitative. While both methods utilize a specific data gathering procedure, the former is
generally concerned with understanding phenomenon relating to or involving quality or kind. The latter, on
the other hand, is based on the measurement or quantity. In this lesson, we will focus on the
characteristics of Quantitative research.

Abstraction
 Quantitative research uses scientifically collected and statistically analyzed data to investigate observable
phenomena. A phenomenon is any existing or observable fact or situation that we want to unearth further
or understand.
 Characteristics of Quantitative Research
1. LARGE SAMPLE SIZE. To obtain more meaningful statistical result, the data must come from a large sample
size.
2. OBJECTIVITY. Data gathering and analysis of results are done accurately, objectively, and are unaffected by
the researcher’s intuition and personal guesses.
3. VISUAL RESULT PRESENTATION. Data is numerical which makes presentation through graphs, charts, and
tables possible and with better conveyance and interpretation.
4. FASTER DATA ANALYSIS. The use of a statistical tools gives way for a less time-consuming data analysis.
5. GENERALIZED DATA. Data taken from a sample can be applied to the population if sampling is done
accordingly, i.e., sufficient size and random samples were taken.
6. FAST DATA COLLECTION. Depending on the type of data needed, collection can be quick and easy.
Quantitative research uses standardized research instruments that allow the researcher to collect data from a
large sample size efficiently. For instance, a single survey form can be administered simultaneously to collect
various measurable characteristics like age, gender, socio-economic status, etc.
 7. RELIABLE DATA. Data is taken and analyzed objectively from a sample as a representative of the population,
making it more credible and reliable for policymaking and decision making.
8. REPLICATION. The Quantitative method can be repeated to verify findings enhancing its validity, free from
false or immature conclusions.

Application
 Let us find out if you really understand the discussed concept by answering this exercise.
o True or False
Directions: On the space provided, write TRUE if the statement describes quantitative research and FALSE if it is
incorrect.
_______1. Quantitative data can be presented using tables and graphs.
_______2. The results of quantitative research can be used to generalize and predict.
_______3. Quantitative research is flexible so at any stage, the study may change.
_______4. Quantitative data are more credible, reliable, and useful than qualitative data.
_______5. The research study cannot be replicated or repeated because it is unique in every case.
_______6. Data are in the form of numbers and analyzed statistically.
_______7. Data analysis is an on-going process. It can be done at any stage of the process.
_______8. The behavior of the participants is observed and is critical to the analysis of results.
_______9. Analysis of data is less time-consuming.
______10. In quantitative research, the researcher participates and engages the participants in the study

 What is quantitative research?

 What are the characteristics of quantitative research?

Teacher’s Activity- the teacher will model the lesson, monitors and directs the learners’ work.

Evaluation:
Directions: Read and analyze the statements below. Encircle the letter of the best answer.

1. Which of the following statements is NOT a characteristic of quantitative research?

a. The results taken from a sample can be generalized to the population.
b. It provides an in-depth understanding of the problem or study.
c. It provides a more credible and reliable result.
d. Statistical analysis of numerical data.

2. Which of the following research questions could be answered by using quantitative research methods?
a. What is the most popular social media platform used by Senior High School students?
b. How has the Covid-19 pandemic affects career choices among college students?
c. What are the factors affecting depressive behavior?
d. None of the above.

For numbers 3-4, identify if the statements are true or false. Choose the letter that represents the correct
combination of answers.
3. Statement I- To obtain more meaningful statistical result, the data must come from a small sample size.
Statement II- Data gathering and analysis of results are done accurately, objectively, and are unaffected by the
researcher’s intuition and personal guesses.
a. Both of the statements are true c. Only statement II s true
b. Only statement I is true d. Both of the statements are false

4. Statement I- Data is numerical which makes presentation through graphs, charts, and tables possible and with
better conveyance and interpretation.
Statement II- The use of a statistical tools gives way for a less time-consuming data analysis.
a. Both of the statements are true c. Only statement II s true
b. Only statement I is true d. Both of the statements are false

5. Statement I- Data is taken and analyzed objectively from a sample as a representative of the population, making it
more credible and reliable for policymaking and decision making.
Statement II- The Quantitative method cannot be repeated to verify findings enhancing its validity, free from false
or immature conclusions.
a. Both of the statements are true c. Only statement II s true
b. Only statement I is true d. Both of the statements are false

Assignment: Read in advance about the strengths and weakness of quantitative research.

Remarks: ______________________________________________
Reflection: ____________________________________________
 SALVACION NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL (SHS)
Busuanga, Palawan

DAILY LESSON LOG

Name of Teacher: Geraldine L. Dumaran-Libarra
Subject: Practical Research-2
Grade and Block/Section: Grade 12 Block 1,2,3, & 4

Date: July 30/August 1, 2024

Content Standards: The learner demonstrates understanding of 1. the characteristics, strengths, weaknesses, and
kinds of quantitative research 2. the importance of quantitative research across fields 3. the nature of variables
Performance Standards: The learner is able to decide on suitable quantitative research in different areas of interest
Learning Competencies/Code: The learner describes the characteristics, strengths, weaknesses, and kinds of
quantitative research CS-RS12-Ia-c-1.

Topic: Strengths and Weaknesses of Quantitative Research

Reference: Curriculum Guide and Practical Research Books
Materials: Laptop, Projector, Learning Activity Sheets and Hand Outs

Activities:
Learners’ Activity—the learners will describe the strengths and weaknesses of quantitative research
Activity
 If Others Can, Why Can’t I?
Directions: in a piece of paper, write your strengths in one side and weaknesses on the other side.

Analysis
 You have learned from Practical Research 1 that research method is classified into two main types:
quantitative and qualitative. Both types utilizes its own strengths and weaknesses and that is the focus of
this topic.

Abstraction
 Quantitative research uses scientifically collected and statistically analyzed data to investigate observable
phenomena. Once data is collected, it will undergo statistical analysis like Pearson’s r, t-test and Analysis
of Variance (ANOVA) for analysis. Since data is analyzed statistically, it is imperative that the data
obtained must be numerical and quantifiable, hence its name quantitative research.
 Numerical data are generally easier to collect than descriptions or phrases used in qualitative research.
Numerical choices convert texts into numbers so the researcher can perform mathematical operations for
faster, more accurate, and more objective analysis. That is one of the strengths of this research.
o Strengths of Quantitative Research
1. Quantitative research can be replicated or repeated.
2. Findings are generalizable to the population.
3. There is conclusive establishment of cause and effect
4. Numerical and quantifiable data can be used to predict outcomes.
5. Fast and easy data analysis using statistical software.
6. Fast and easy data gathering
7. Very objective
8. Validity and reliability can be established
o Weaknesses of Quantitative Research
1. It lacks the necessary data to explore a problem or concept in depth.
2. It does not provide comprehensive explanation of human experiences.
3. Some information cannot be described by numerical data such as feelings, and beliefs.
4. The research design is rigid and not very flexible.
5. The participants are limited to choose only from the given responses.
6. The respondents may tend to provide inaccurate responses.
7. A large sample size makes data collection more costly.

Application
 Let us find out if you really understand the discussed concept by answering these exercises.
o 😊 or ☹
Direction: Write 😊 on the blank if the statement is a strength of quantitative research and ☹ if it is a weakness
__________1. Fast and easy data gathering
__________2. A large sample size makes data collection more costly.
__________3. The participants are limited to choose only from the given responses.
__________4. Quantitative research can be replicated or repeated.
__________5. There is conclusive establishment of cause and effect

 What is quantitative research?

 Discuss the strengths of quantitative research.
 Discuss the weaknesses of quantitative research.

Teacher’s Activity- the teacher will model the lesson, monitors and directs the learners’ work.

Evaluation:
Directions: Read and analyze the statements below. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following is NOT a strength of quantitative research?

A. Speedy data analysis
B. Less expensive
C. Replicable
D. Objective

2. Which statement below illustrates a weakness of quantitative research?

A. The responses of the participants are limited to what has been asked and the choices given.
B. The researcher's perspective can influence interpretation of results.
C. Data gathering takes too much time.
D. There is low degree of subjectivity.

For numbers 3-4, identify if the statements are true or false. Choose the letter that represents the correct
combination of answers.
3. Statement I- Numerical data are generally hard to collect than descriptions or phrases used in qualitative
research.
Statement II- Findings in quantitative research are generalizable to the population.
a. Both of the statements are true c. Only statement II s true
b. Only statement I is true d. Both of the statements are false

4. Statement I- Numerical and quantifiable data can be used to predict outcomes.

Statement II- A large sample size makes data collection more costly.
a. Both of the statements are true c. Only statement II s true
b. Only statement I is true d. Both of the statements are false

5. Statement I- Data in quantitative research is faster that qualitative research.

Statement II- The participants in quantitative research are limited to choose only from the given responses.
. a. Both of the statements are true c. Only statement II s true
b. Only statement I is true d. Both of the statements are false

Assignment: Read in advance about the types of quantitative research.

Remarks: ______________________________________________
Reflection: ____________________________________________
 SALVACION NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL (SHS)
Busuanga, Palawan

DAILY LESSON LOG

Name of Teacher: Geraldine L. Dumaran-Libarra
Subject: Practical Research-2
Grade and Block/Section: Grade 12 Block 1,2,3, & 4

Date: July 30/August 1, 2024

Content Standards: The learner demonstrates understanding of 1. the characteristics, strengths, weaknesses, and
kinds of quantitative research 2. the importance of quantitative research across fields 3. the nature of variables
Performance Standards: The learner is able to decide on suitable quantitative research in different areas of interest
Learning Competencies/Code: The learner describes the characteristics, strengths, weaknesses, and kinds of
quantitative research CS-RS12-Ia-c-1.

Topic: Kinds of Quantitative Research

Reference: Curriculum Guide and Practical Research Books
Materials: Laptop, Projector, Learning Activity Sheets and Hand Outs

Activities:
Learners’ Activity—the learners will describe the types of quantitative research

Activity
 Let’s match
Directions: Match the following quantitative research title under column A to its classification (research design) in
column B. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided.

Column A Column B
______1. Investigating the effects of formalin treated eggplants on mice Experimental
______2. Factors affecting job satisfaction among Tech-Voc graduates Descriptive
______3. Prevalence of domestic violence in cities declared under Ex post facto
Enhanced Community Quarantine during the Covid-19 pandemic
______4. The effects of age on social media platform choice Quasi-experimental
______5. The relationship between intelligence and sports choices among Correlational
high school students
Case Study

Analysis
 You have learned from Practical Research 1 that research method is classified into two main types:
quantitative and qualitative. While both methods utilize a specific data gathering procedure, the former is
generally concerned with understanding phenomenon relating to or involving quality or kind. The latter, on
the other hand, is based on the measurement or quantity. In this lesson, we will focus on quantitative
methods of research and its different kinds.

Abstraction
 Quantitative research uses scientifically collected and statistically analyzed data to investigate observable
phenomena. It is scientific for the fact that it uses a scientific method in designing and collecting numerical
data. Once data is collected, it will undergo statistical analysis like Pearson’s r, t-test and Analysis of
Variance (ANOVA) for analysis. Since data is analyzed statistically, it is imperative that the data obtained
must be numerical and quantifiable, hence its name quantitative research.
 Numerical data are generally easier to collect than descriptions or phrases used in qualitative research.
Information like student’s grades in different subjects, number of hours of engagement in social media
platforms of teens, percentage of consumers who prefer the color blue for soap packaging, and average
of daily Covid-19 patient recovery per region are just few examples of research data expressed in
numbers. Some data, on the other hand, are not directly countable and thus require conversion from non-
numerical information into numerical information. For instance, determining which brand of canned
sardines is the best choice for consumers in terms of taste cannot be expressed in numbers unless we do
a survey using a rating scale. Several forms of rating scales are available, e.g., the Likert scale that we
can use to quantify data. Usually, they come in a selection of numbers with a corresponding meaning for
each choice, for example: 1= tastes very good, 2 = satisfactory, or 3 = undesirable. Numerical choices
convert texts into numbers so the researcher can perform mathematical operations for faster, more
accurate, and more objective analysis. Types of data varies in every kind of research.
 Kinds of Quantitative Research
 1. Descriptive design is used to describe a particular phenomenon by observing it as it occurs in nature. There is
no experimental manipulation and the researcher does not start with a hypothesis. The goal of descriptive
research is only to describe the person or object of the study. An example of descriptive research design is
“the determination of the different kinds of physical activities and how often high school students do it during
the quarantine period.”
2. The correlational design identifies the relationship between variables. Data is collected by observation since it
does not consider the cause and effect, for example, the relationship between the amount of physical activity
done and student academic achievement.
3. Ex post facto design is used to investigate a possible relationship between previous events and present
conditions. The term “Ex post facto” which means after the fact, looks at the possible causes of an already
occurring phenomenon. Just like the first two, there is no experimental manipulation in this design. An
example of this is “How does the parent’s academic achievement affect the children obesity?”
4. A quasi-experimental design is used to establish the cause-and-effect relationship of variables. Although it
resembles the experimental design, the quasi-experimental has lesser validity due to the absence of random
selection and assignment of subjects. Here, the independent variable is identified but not manipulated. The
researcher does not modify pre-existing groups of subjects. The group exposed to treatment (experimental) is
compared to the group unexposed to treatment (control): example, the effects of unemployment on attitude
towards following safety protocol in ECQ declared areas.
5. Experimental design like quasi- experimental is used to establish the cause-and-effect relationship of two or
more variables. This design provides a more conclusive result because it uses random assignment of subjects
and experimental manipulations. For example, a comparison of the effects of various blended learning to the
reading comprehension of elementary pupils.

Application
 Let us find out if you really understand the discussed concept by answering these questions

o What is quantitative research?

o Describe each type of quantitative design and give one (1) example for each kind.
 Descriptive design.
 Correlational design.
 Ex post facto design.
 Quasi-experimental design.
 Experimental design.

Teacher’s Activity- the teacher will model the lesson, monitors and directs the learners’ work.

Evaluation:
Directions: Read and analyze the statements below. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. In an experiment, which group does not receive intervention?

A. The treatment group C. The control group
B. The participant group D. The experimental group

2. Which type of quantitative research seeks to determine relationship of one characteristic to the other characteristic?
A. Correlational C. Ex-post facto
B. Experimental D. Descriptive

3. A group of students would like to know if spending time with a cat or dog decreases the amount of stress and allows
students to perform better on tests. Which of the following is an extraneous variable?
A. Student’s feeling towards the cat or dog C. Test scores of students
B. Amount of time spent with a cat or dog D. Amount of stress

4. Which of the following is an example of a continuous variable?

A. Learning modality used C. Student’s height
B. Student’s test score D. Student’s IQ

5. A famous vlogger wanted to know if changing the content of his vlogs (food review, travel, study tips, etc.) will affect
the number of views per uploaded video. The number of views per uploaded video is the:
A. Confounding variable C. Dependent variable
B. Independent variable D. Continuous variable

Assignment: Read in advance about the importance of quantitative research across fields

Remarks: _____________________________________________
Reflection: ____________________________________________