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Physics Notes 1.1-1.3

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13 views3 pages

Physics Notes 1.1-1.3

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iris.mokxy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Chapter 1.1 - 1.

Measurements
- In Science (Physics), many measurements are taken and they need to be as
accurate as possible.

- Measuring lengths (using rulers)

Small Lengths Curved Lengths

More accurate to measure several lengths and More accurate to lay a thread along the curved
calculate the average line and then lay it along a ruler

Eg. Thickness of paper/wire Eg. Circumference of a round object

- Measuring volumes (using measuring cylinders)

Regular Objects Irregular Objects Liquids

Use formulas Use water displacement Use measuring cylinder


method
*Read perpendicular to scale
*Immerse object In water. and bottom of meniscus
*The increase in the volume
of water = volume of object

Eg. Cubes, cylinders, spheres Eg. Rocks Eg. Water

- Measuring time

Analogue Clock Digital Timers (Stopwatch)

Measures time to the nearest second Measures time to the nearest 0.01 second
(less precise) (more precise)

Eg. Marathon race Eg. Sprint race

*When measuring short intervals of time such as the period of oscillation of a


pendulum, we can use a stopwatch to measure the time taken for more
oscillations (around 20) and calculate the average.
- In Physics, we use SI units when making measurements.
- SI Units

Length (m) Area (m2) Mass (kg) Time (s)

Force (N) Current (A) Energy (J) Power (W)

- Units can be made bigger/smaller by adding in a pre x.

fi
Density
- The mass of an object is the quantity/amount of matter it is made of
- The volume of an object is the quantity/amount of space occupied by the object
- Density is a property of a material that tells us how concentrated its mass is

- Density is de ned as the amount of mass per unit volume.

mass (m)
Density (ρ) =
volume (V )

———————————————
m
ρ=
V
- Materials that are more dense will sink while those that are less dense will
oat.
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fi

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