e-ISSN: 2582-5208

International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science

( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:05/Issue:05/May-2023 Impact Factor- 7.868 www.irjmets.com
DRAINAGE CLEANING ROBOTIC SYSTEM
Abhijit B. Shinde*1, Akshay R. Yenpe*2, Saivirat J. Kotte*3, Vikar R. Pawara*4,
Amit S. Mane*5, Prof. Priyanka Barde*6
*1,2,3,4,5Department Of Mechanical Engineering, JSPM’s Jayawantrao Sawant College Of
Engineering, Pune, India.
*6Guide, Department Of Mechanical Engineering, JSPM’s Jayawantrao Sawant College Of
Engineering, Pune, India.
ABSTRACT
The drainage cleaning robotic project is an innovative solution for managing urban sanitation in India. The
project involves a smart toilet cleaning system that uses a robotic arm with a gripper to clean and collect waste
from pit latrines. The drainage cleaning robotic t robot is operated via Bluetooth from a smartphone app, which
allows the operator to remotely control the robot's movements and perform cleaning tasks. The robot's gripper
is designed to be adjustable to accommodate different pit latrine sizes, and it is equipped with a camera to help
the operator visualize the cleaning process. The drainage cleaning robotic project aims to improve the efficiency
and safety of pit latrine cleaning, which is a major public health and environmental issue in India. By automating
the cleaning process, the drainage cleaning robot reduces the need for manual labour, which is often performed
by low-wage workers in hazardous conditions. In addition to its practical applications, the drainage cleaning
robotic project is an example of how technology can be used to address social and environmental challenges in
developing countries. It is an innovative solution that has the potential to improve the lives of millions of people
who lack access to basic sanitation services.
Keyword:
1. Smart Toilet Cleaning System: A System That Uses Technology To Improve The Efficiency And Safety Of
Toilet Cleaning, Such As The Bandicoot Robot.
2. Robotic Arm: A Mechanical Arm That Can Be Controlled Remotely And Is Designed To Perform Various
Tasks, Such As Cleaning.
3. Gripper: A Tool Or Device Attached To The End Of A Robotic Arm That Is Used To Grasp And Hold Objects,
Such As Waste In The Case Of The Bandicoot Robot.
4. Pit Latrine Cleaning: The Process Of Removing And Disposing Of Waste From Pit Latrines, Which Are Basic
Sanitation Facilities Used By Millions Of People In India And Other Developing Countries.
5. Bluetooth: A Wireless Communication Technology That Allows Devices To Connect And Exchange Data Over
Short Distances.
I. INTRODUCTION
The drainage cleaning robotic project, is an innovative solution for managing urban sanitation in India. The
project involves a smart toilet cleaning system that uses a robotic arm with a gripper to clean and collect waste
from pit latrines. The drainage cleaning robot is operated via Bluetooth from a smartphone app, which allows the
operator to remotely control the robot's movements and perform cleaning tasks. The drainage cleaning robotic
project aims to improve the efficiency and safety of pit latrine cleaning, which is a major public health and
environmental issue in India. By automating the cleaning process, the drainage cleaning robot reduces the need
for manual labor, which is often performed by low-wage workers in hazardous conditions. The drainage cleaning
robotic project is an example of how technology can be used to address social and environmental challenges in
developing countries. It is an innovative solution that has the potential to improve the lives of millions of people
who lack access to basic sanitation services. Some relevant keywords related to the drainage cleaning robotic
project are: smart toilet cleaning system, robotic arm, gripper, pit latrine cleaning, sanitation, India, public health,
environmental issues, low-wage workers, hazardous conditions, social innovation, developing countries, and
technology for social impact.
With this advanced setup, the draining cleaning robot promises to revolutionize the maintenance and cleaning of
drainage systems. Its combination of powerful motors, precise control mechanisms, and wireless connectivity
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[6490]
 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:05/Issue:05/May-2023 Impact Factor- 7.868 www.irjmets.com
offers an efficient, safe, and user-friendly solution for tackling the challenges associated with drainage cleaning.
As technology continues to evolve, this setup opens up new possibilities for automated cleaning systems,
contributing to improved sanitation, environmental sustainability, and overall efficiency in drainage
maintenance.

II. LITERATURE SURVEY

The analysis of the related work the drainage cleaning robotic project operated by Bluetooth is an innovative
solution for addressing the sanitation challenges faced by millions of people in India. The robot is designed to
clean and collect waste from pit latrines, providing a safe and efficient alternative to manual scavenging, a
hazardous practice that is still prevalent in many parts of the country. One of the key features of the drainage
cleaning robot is its Bluetooth connectivity, which allows it to be operated remotely from a safe distance. This
feature improves the safety of the cleaning process by minimizing the risk of exposure to toxic gases and other
harmful substances found in pit latrines
1. N. D. Ramanathan: "An Innovative Robotic Solution for Manual Scavenging". This paper provides an overview
of the Bandicoot project, including its design, development, and testing. It highlights the benefits of using the
robot for pit latrine cleaning, such as improved safety, efficiency, and hygiene.
2. Sanjay Singh and Ranjan Kumar: "Innovation in sanitation: The Bandicoot toilet cleaning robot". This article
discusses the importance of sanitation in India and how the Bandicoot project is addressing this issue. It
provides an in-depth analysis of the robot's design and features, including its Bluetooth connectivity, camera,
and gripper.
3. Sreejith S:"A robotic solution for safe and efficient manual scavenging" by. This paper provides a detailed
description of the Bandicoot robot's mechanical and electrical components. It discusses the challenges faced by
manual scavengers in India and how the robot can address these issues by providing a safe and efficient
alternative.
4. K. Jayakrishnan and P. Vijayakumar:"Innovative sanitation solutions: The Bandicoot project". This article
provides an overview of the Bandicoot project and its potential impact on sanitation in India. It discusses the role
of technology in addressing social and environmental challenges and highlights the importance of public-private
partnerships in achieving universal access to basic sanitation services.
5. Manoj Kumar and Rajesh Kumar: "Bandicoot: A StepTowards Swachh Bharat Abhiyan". This paper highlights
the role of the Bandicoot project in achieving the goals of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, a national campaign
launched by the Indian government to improve sanitation and hygiene. It discusses the robot's features and
benefits, as well as its potential for scalability and replication in other developing countries.
III. METHODOLOGY
The methodology for building and operating a drainage cleaning robot system, can be outlined as follows:
1. Design and Mechanical Assembly:
Design the overall structure and dimensions of the robot, considering the requirements for maneuvering
through drainage systems.
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[6491]
 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:05/Issue:05/May-2023 Impact Factor- 7.868 www.irjmets.com
Select or design the gripper mechanism that can effectively grasp and manipulate waste or debris.
Determine the placement and configuration of the six DC motors to achieve the desired locomotion and
movement capabilities.
Assemble the mechanical components, ensuring proper alignment and secure connections.
2. Electronic Setup:
Choose suitable IC motor drivers capable of handling the current and voltage requirements of the DC motors.
Connect the DC motors to the IC motor drivers, following the manufacturer's guidelines and wiring
specifications.
Establish the necessary connections between the motor drivers and the microcontroller to enable control
signals.
Integrate a Bluetooth module with the microcontroller to enable wireless communication.
3. Sensor Integration:
Identify and integrate relevant sensors such as proximity sensors, distance sensors, or cameras to facilitate
environment perception and navigation.
Connect the sensors to appropriate input ports on the microcontroller for data acquisition.
4. Microcontroller Programming:
Develop the firmware or software for the microcontroller to control the robot's movements, gripper operation,
and sensor data processing.
Implement the necessary algorithms and logic to enable autonomous or semi-autonomous behavior, such as
obstacle avoidance or waste collection routines.
Incorporate Bluetooth communication protocols in the microcontroller programming to establish a connection
with a smartphone or a remote control device.
5. Mobile Application Development:
Design and develop a mobile application that serves as the user interface for controlling the drainage cleaning
robot.
Implement the necessary features and controls in the mobile application to send commands and receive real-
time feedback from the robot via Bluetooth.
Ensure a user-friendly interface that allows for intuitive control and monitoring of the robot's actions.
6. Testing and Refinement:
Conduct comprehensive testing of the drainage cleaning robot, ensuring that all components function correctly
and the desired functionalities are achieved.
Evaluate the robot's performance in simulated or real drainage environments, making necessary adjustments
and refinements to improve its efficiency and effectiveness.
Iterate the testing and refinement process, addressing any issues or limitations that arise.
7. Deployment and Operation:
Once the robot has been thoroughly tested and refined, it can be deployed for actual drainage cleaning tasks.
Ensure proper training and supervision of operators to control and monitor the robot's activities.
Regularly maintain and inspect the robot, addressing any mechanical or electrical issues that may arise during
operation.
Throughout the entire process, prioritize safety considerations, such as electrical safety, environmental hazards,
and operator protection. Ensure compliance with relevant regulations and standards for robotics and Bluetooth
communication.
IV. COMPONENT
TWO FINGER PLASTIC GRIPPER:-
A two-finger gripper with a 1kg capacity is connected to a DC motor. The motor is controlled by an IC motor
driver, which in turn receives commands from a microcontroller. The microcontroller is operated via Bluetooth.

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[6492]
 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:05/Issue:05/May-2023 Impact Factor- 7.868 www.irjmets.com

IC MOTOR DRIVER:-

An IC motor driver is an integrated circuit (IC) that is specifically designed to control the operation of motors. It
provides the necessary power and control signals to drive the motor efficiently and accurately. The IC motor
driver receives commands from a microcontroller or other control circuitry and translates those commands into
appropriate signals to drive the motor in the desired direction and speed. It typically includes features such as
current sensing, protection mechanisms, and various control modes to optimize motor performance.
MICROCONTROLLER:-

A microcontroller is a small computer on a single integrated circuit (IC) that contains a processor core, memory,
and input/output peripherals. It is designed for embedded systems and is commonly used to control and
monitor various devices and systems. Microcontrollers are programmable and can execute instructions to
perform specific tasks. They can process inputs from sensors or user interfaces, make decisions based on
programmed logic, and generate outputs to control actuators or display information.

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 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:05/Issue:05/May-2023 Impact Factor- 7.868 www.irjmets.com
Microcontrollers are widely used in various applications such as home automation, industrial control, robotics,
automotive systems, and IoT devices. They offer a compact and cost-effective solution for controlling and
interfacing with other hardware components in a system.
DC MOTOR:-

A DC motor is a type of electric motor that operates on direct current (DC) power. It converts electrical energy
into mechanical rotational motion.
DC motors consist of two main components: a stator (fixed part) and a rotor (moving part). The stator typically
contains permanent magnets or electromagnets, while the rotor includes a coil of wire or a set of windings.
When current flows through the coil or windings, a magnetic field is created, which interacts with the magnetic
field of the stator to generate rotational movement.
DC motors are widely used in various applications such as robotics, industrial machinery, automotive systems,
appliances, and many other devices that require mechanical motion. They offer simplicity, reliability, and a wide
range of speed and torque control options.
SC 5.0 BLUETOOTH:-

"SC 5.0 Bluetooth" seems to be an incorrect or unrecognized term. Bluetooth is a wireless communication
technology used for short-range data transmission between devices. However, there is no specific version or
specification called "SC 5.0 Bluetooth" as of my knowledge cutoff in September 2021.
If "SC 5.0 Bluetooth" refers to a specific variant or custom implementation of Bluetooth that has emerged after
my knowledge cutoff, I'm unable to provide information about it. It's recommended to consult the official
Bluetooth specifications or relevant documentation for accurate details on any specific Bluetooth variant.

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 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:05/Issue:05/May-2023 Impact Factor- 7.868 www.irjmets.com
V. ARCHITECTURE OF DISEASE PREDICTION SYSTEM
5.1 Block Diagram of drainage cleaning robot system.

Figure: Block Diagram of drainage cleaning robot system.

VI. CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the drainage cleaning robot system project operated by Bluetooth presents a transformative
solution to address sanitation challenges associated with pit latrine cleaning. By leveraging Bluetooth
technology, the project offers numerous advantages that enhance safety, efficiency, and public health outcomes.
The remote operation capability ensures operator safety by minimizing exposure to hazardous conditions inside
pit latrines. With precise control over the gripper mechanism, waste collection becomes more effective and less
damaging to the pit infrastructure. The project contributes to improved sanitation practices, reducing the spread
of diseases and promoting environmental sustainability by preventing pollution and contamination. Moreover,
the drainage cleaning robot system project showcases the power of technological innovation in driving positive
social impact, with the potential to revolutionize pit latrine cleaning practices and uplift the lives of communities
affected by poor sanitation. Further development and testing will be essential to optimize the system for
scalability and adaptability to different pit latrine conditions, cementing its role as a game-changing solution in
the field of sanitation.
VII. REFERENCES
[1] Ambika Pandit 2019 620 sewer cleaner killed since 1993, most in Tamil Nadu, Gujarat Times of India
Available from https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/highest-number-of-sewer-cleaning-deaths-
reported-in-last-25-years-from-tamil nadu/articleshow/70148921.cms.
[2] John Iovine, “Robots, Androids and Animations 12 Incredible Projects You Can Build”, Second Edition,
McGraw-Hill.2002, http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/deaths-in-the-
drains/article/5868090.ece
[3] Albert M. Bradley, Michael D. Feezor, Hanumant Singh and F. Yates Sorrell 2001 Power systems for
autonomous underwater vehicles IEEE./article/26-526-38.
[4] J Sam J K, Jai Tiwari, Sumonto Khasnavis, and A Joseph 2016 Journal of scientific research/article/24-
236-39
[5] A K Shrivastava, A Verma, and S P Singh 2012 International conference on advances in engineering,
science and management/article/290-955-94.
[6] E Bovio, D Cecchi and F Baralli 2006 Elsevier – Annual reviews in control/article/30-117-130.
[7] Yvan Petillot, Ioseba Tena Ruiz and David M Lane 2001 IEEE journal of oceanic engineering.
/article/29-576-32
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