PerDev Reviewer Holistic Development – process of self-actualization

and learning that combines an individual’s

mental,physical,social,emotional,spiritual growth.
Adolescent – stage wherein we tend to build a “socially
constructed sense of self”, that is our sense of self as
influenced by how others view us. ASPECTS OF HOLISTIC DEVELOPMENT:

Self – Awareness – state of having knowledge about our Physiological Development – preparing you to become
existence as unique individuals who are able to physically capable of biological reproduction.
recognize our values, beliefs, traits, behaviors, and
 Rapid body growth
feelings.
 Hair growth
 Muscle modification

JOHARI WINDOW: Cognitive Development

Open Self – info about you that BOTH YOU & OTHERS  The brain continues to develop
KNOW.  You are beginning to think from concrete to
abstract terms and able to conceptualize
Blind Self – info about you that YOU DON’T KNOW BUT
theoretical ideas.
OTHERS DO KNOW.
 Problems are now being evaluated logically and
Hidden Self – info about you that YOU KNOW BUT scientifically.
OTHERS DON’T KNOW.
Psychological Development
Unknown Self – info about you that NEITHER YOU NOR
 Changes in the emotions, feelings, moods
THE OTHERS KNOW.
and manner of thinking.
 On going establishment of strongly-held
beliefs, values, and goals in life.
Self – Concept – our general awareness about  During adolescence individuals undergo the
ourselves, THE IMAGE THAT WE HAVE OF OURSELVES. process of self-evaluation which leads to
Self–image – it is how we think and feel, behave or act. long-range goal setting, emotional and
social dependence and maturity.
Actual Self – actual genuine information that we have
about our motivations. Social Development - You begin to rely more on your
friends or peer groups for support than on your family.
Ideal Self – SELF WE ASPIRE TO BE. However, you are more prone to peer pressure.
Self–esteem – a sense of value or personal worth. Spiritual Development - You begin to have interest in
Self knowledge – social interactions that provide spiritual concerns. You start pondering questions
insight into how others react to you. concerning existence, essence of spirituality, religion,
and God.

Moviegoers – the one who have absolutely no control

of their lives except to just comment, react and criticize. Developmental Period:

Actors – act and can control how they portray the 1. Early Adolescence
character. • 10-14 years old
Actor-Scriptwriters – create the whole movie. • The changes in hormones happen which
contribute to mood swings
5 ASPECTS OF SELF:
• Physical growth and changes are vividly
Physical, Emotional, Mental, Social, Spiritual.
significant.
• Due to various body developments many • Considers mental and cognitive growth
become curious to what is happening to them
• Maturity becomes evident with regard to
which sometimes resulted to anxiety.
decision-making
• This stage is where they value much of their
• They become less impulsive, more critical and
privacy and their independence.
rational
• Understanding abstract ideas is not that
• They now have a better control with their
substantial but has eagerness to learn.
emotions
• Begins thinking and considering spiritual and
• Can now identify their own core values.
moral values
• Start to value family relationship, becomes
emotionally stable.
2. Middle Adolescence
• Life-plans are more specific
• 15 to 17 years old
• Faith in God is stronger.
• Puberty stage is almost complete.
• Development in physical aspect becomes slower
among females but it continues among males. Emerging Adulthood – This development stage
• Emotionally unstable most of the time which is happened between ages 18-25 which occurs after the
linked to the social and school environment. adolescence period and before young adulthood. This is
more described as a period of identity exploration.
• Most of them are egocentric which means they
think more on themselves, for they are more
self-conscious on how they look or how they
appear to other people.
DEVELOPMENTAL TASK
• Most of them spend more time with their peers
rather than with their parents and siblings. INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD (0-5)
• The period of risk-taking behaviors. - Learning to walk
• They find satisfaction in exploring and trying - Learning to take solid foods
new things.
- Learning to talk
• Begins to think outside the box and starts to plan
for their future. - Learning to control the elimination of body
wastes
• Idealistic yet still unable to apply in real life
situations - Learning sex differences and sexual
modesty
• Become interested and involved in a romantic
relationship - Acquiring concepts and language to
describe social and physical reality
• Arguments between them and their parents do
occur every time the latter impose rules - Readiness for reading

• The peek of peer pressure - Learning to distinguish right from wrong and
developing a conscience.
• They become conscious of their community and
get more concern for the well-being of others.

3. Late Adolescence MIDDLE CHILDHOOD (6-12)

• 18 to 24 years old
 - Learning physical skills necessary for ordinary - Accepting the physiological changes of middle
games age
- Adjusting to aging parent
- Building a wholesome attitude toward oneself
- Learning to get along with age-mates LATER MATURITY (61- _)
- Learning an appropriate sex role - Adjusting to decreasing strength and health
- Adjusting to retirement and reduced income
- Developing fundamental skills in reading, writing, - Adjusting to death of spouse
and calculating - Establishing relations with one's own age group
- Developing concepts necessary for everyday living - Meeting social and civic obligations
- Establishing satisfactory living quarters
- Developing conscience, morality, and a scale of
values
- Achieving personal independence
- Developing acceptable attitudes toward society Developmental Period/Stage

PRE-NATAL (Conception – Birth) - Age when heredity

ADOLESCENCE (13-18) endowments and sex are fixed and all body features
both external and internal are developed.
- Achieving mature relations with both sexes
- Achieving a masculine or feminine social role INFANCY (Birth – 2 years) - Foundation age when basic
- Accepting one's physique behaviour are organized and many ontogenetic
- Achieving emotional Independence of adults maturation skills are developed.
- Preparing for marriage and family life
EARLY CHILDHOOD (2 – 6 Years) - Pre-gang age,
- Preparing for an economic career
exploratory, and questioning. Language and elementary
- Acquiring values and an ethical system to guide
reasoning are acquired and initial socialization is
behavior
experienced.
- Desiring and achieving socially responsibility
behaviour LATE CHILDHOOD (6 – 12 Years) - Gang and creativity
age when self-help skills, social skills and play are
EARLY ADULTHOOD (19-30) developed.

- Selecting a mate ADOLESCENCE (Puberty – 18 Years) - Transition age

- Learning to live with a partner from childhood to adulthood when se maturation and
- Starting a family rapid physical development occur resulting to changes
- Rearing children in ways of feeling, thinking and acting.
- Managing a home
EARLY ADULTHOOD (18 – 40 Years) - Age of adjustment
- Starting an occupation civic
to new patters of life and roles such as spouse, parent
- Assuming responsibility
and breadwinner.

MIDDLE AGE (40 – Years of retirement) - Transition age

MIDDLE ADULTHOOD (30-60) when adjustments to intial physical and mental decline
are experienced.
- Helping teenage children to become happy and
responsible adults OLD AGE (Retirement – Death) - Retirement age when
- Achieving adult social and civic responsibility increasingly rapid physical and mental decline are
- Satisfactory career achievement experienced.
- Developing adult leisure time activities
- Relating to one's spouse as a person
Stages of Healthy Adolescent Development Mental Development – mental ability forms part and
parcel of one’s persona.

Cognitive Problems:

 Memory problems
 Inability to concentrate
 Poor judgement

Study Habits
Following are ways to deal with the everyday physical,
emotional, and intellectual requirements in the school.
- Have the right mindset
- Practice Zero Navigation when preparing for the
coursework
- Choose the proper venue for studying
- Make a reviewer
- Bring only the things that you need

Morality – comes from Latin word “moralitas” which

denotes manner, character and proper behavior.
3 STAGES OF ADOLESCENCE: Emotional Development
 Early adolescence (10-13yrs. Old) – beginning  Positive emotions - A classification of pleasant
stages of puberty. emotion which may include happiness,
 Middle adolescence (14-16yrs. Old) – puberty is excitement, joy, relief, triumph, jubilation. It
already completed. connotes an expression where one finds himself
 Late adolescence (17-19yrs. Old) – final smiling or laughing with a feel of “elation”.
preparation for adult roles. These come from positive experiences especially
when one is able to attain or satisfy his
expectations and desires.
 Negative emotions - A classification of emotion
Promoting Physical Health:
involving sadness, disgust, annoyance, anxiety,
1. Personal hygiene anger, jealousy, fear and the like. It is shown
through facial expression that is manifested in
2. Good grooming
an unhappy face, tears, discomfort, pain and
3. Proper bearing and posture even psychosomatic illness.

4. Proper nutrition

5. Better sleep hours and clean environment Emotional Symptoms:

Moodiness

Social Development – individual's relationship with the Irritability or short temper

significant others as he goes along performing his
Agitation, inability to relax
everyday tasks.
Feeling overwhelmed
Sense of loneliness and isolation Malnutrition – faulty nutrition due to unbalanced
intake of nutrients.
Anxiety
Reproductive health – condition which reproductive
Constant worrying
functions are accomplished.
Depression or general unhappiness
Lack of Education – person has below-average level of
knowledge.

Anxiety – emotion characterized by feelings of tension, Family Problems – conflict w/ family members.
worried thoughts and physical changes like hbp.
Managing Extreme Emotions and Live Mentally
Depression – known as “major depressive disorder or Healthy
clinical depression” is a common and serious mood - Seek Help
disorder. - Explore
Bipolar – brain disorder that causes changes in person’s - Be Positive
- Practice proper breathing technique
mood, energy, and ability to function.
- Use Mantra
Eating disorders – unhealthy eating habits. - Humor
- Keep yourself busy
 Anorexia Nervosa – severe weight loss. - Protect yourself by improving your self-esteem
 Bulimia Nervosa – binge eating followed by - Develop Hardiness
purging. - Take a Break

Mental health – state of well being in which an

individual realizer his or her own abilities.

Adolescents also experience challenges in peer, family,

and romantic relationship.

1. Peer relationship includes relationships with friends,

neighbors, teammates, and classmates.

2. Family relationship involves relationship with

immediate family members including parents and
siblings

3. Romantic relationship is an interpersonal

relationship that involves emotional intimacy and
passion with the opposite sex.
Developmental Tasks in Relation to the SELF
Youth Violence – intentional use of physical force to
threaten young people. - Accept, care for, and protect one’s physical
body.
- Manage one’s sexuality and the roles that go
Ex. of Social Challenges during middle and late with it
adolescence: - Select and prepare for a job or career
- Adopt a personal set of values to guide behavior
Substance abuse – long term pathological use of
alcohol or drugs.
Peer - someone of the same rank, status, or background
as the individual.
 means to be able to answer to or be accountable
for your behavior and obligations.
Roles of Peers In Adolescence

Types of Responsibilities

Type Definition

Legal These are obligation to man-made

Responsibility laws. Not being to able to fulfill
them would lead to consequences
that are punishable by law.

Social Comparison Theory - humans have the innate Moral Has it’s roots in philosophical
tendency to evaluate themselves in various aspects of Responsibility discussions, but to simplify it, this
their lives. (Leon Festinger) refers to man’s obligation to do the
2 WAYS OF COMPARING: right thing because to ignore it
would be wrong.
UPWARD - compare yourself against someone you
perceive as better or more successful than you. Social Refers to obligations that are shared
Responsibility by a society.
DOWNWARD - measure yourself against someone in a
worse situation than you are. Personal Refers to acknowledging and
Responsibility accepting one’s decisions and
actions, and the consequences and
Positive Negative Effects impacts these have on others.
Effects
Body image Improvement Dissatisfaction
of one’s with one’s
health appearance Implications of Responsibility
Outlook in Positive and Insecurity and Self- - Functioning of society: Responsibility is
life motivated doubt
closely associated with productivity,
disposition
achievement, and harmonious relationships in
Social media Inspired and Envy and the need
the community.
genuinely to present self in
- Taking control of life: Being responsible means
happy for an appealing way
being actively involved in how your life will
other
turn out.
people’s
successes
Nature of Responsibility
Managing Peer Social Comparison
Type Definition
 Gratitude is the key
It is a choice Being responsible is a choice you
 Be inspired freely make. Even with constant
reminders and lectures on
 Compete with yourself
responsibility, in the end, the choice
to be accountable is yours alone to
make.
Responsibility
- One key characteristic that separates an adult Take more to be Numerous studies have shown that
from a child is responsibility. To be responsible responsibility is developed when
 more individuals successfully and repeatedly EMOTIONAL OR BEHAVIORAL
fulfill task and obligations.
- Change in eating and sleeping habits
Maturity follows You begin to exhibit the mental and - Withdrawing from usual activities and people
responsibility emotional traits of an adult because of
you growing sense of awareness and Coping Strategies
control over your actions and
consequences. - Manage your time
- Talk it out
- Laugh
- Rest
SOURCES OF STRESS AND ITS EFFECT
- Move
Stress - Is the nonspecific response of the body to any - Be positive
demand. - Mediate

Stressor - Is your body’s reaction to certain pressure,

challenge, or situation—physical, mental, or emotional. 3 Major Parts of the Brain:

Positive Stress - Is positive or helpful when your Brain Stem - Connects the spinal cord and the brain. It
response to a stimulus makes you more alert, more controls functions that keep people alive such as
productive, and more motivated. breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, and food
digestion.
Negative Stress - Occurs when you have reached a
tipping point or when stimuli go on for too long, and Cerebellum - It controls voluntary movement. It
your responses cause damage to your health, translates your will into action.
relationships, productivity, and other aspects of your Cerebrum - The largest of the three sections, accounts
life. for 85% of the brain’s weight and has four lobes.

KINDS OF STRESS: Parietal Lobe – helps people understand what they see
Acute Stress - Most common and short-term only. and feel.

Episodic Acute Stress - Persistent Acute Stress. Front Lobe – determines personality and emotions.

Chronic Stress - Most damaging type with long-term Occipital Lobe – where vision functions are located.
effects. Temporal Lobe – hearing and word recognition abilities
are located.

Sources of Adolescent Stress Neurons - The basic functional units of the nervous
system, are three- part units and are key to brain
- Social Pressure function. They are comprised of a nerve cell body, axon
- Family Relationships and dendrite, and the power the rapid- fire process that
- Academic Pressure turns thought into movement.
- Self-Doubt
COPING TECHNIQUES DRUG DAMAGE
PHYSICAL - Inhalants, such as glue, paint, gasoline and
aerosols, destroy the outer lining of nerve cells
- Constant Fatigue
and make them unable to communicate with one
- Increased complaints of pain and ache
another.
COGNITIVE
- Marijuana use hinders memory, learning,
- Lack of focus judgment and reaction times.
- Forgetfulness
Ecstasy - Scientists have found that drug destroys  Number skills  3D shapes
neurons that make serotonin, a chemical crucial in
controlling sleep, violence, mood swings and sexual  Math\Scientific  Music\Art
urges. skills awareness

 Written Language  Intuition

 Spoken language  Creativity

LEFT DOMINANCE RIGHT DOMINANCE  Objectivity  Imagination
(linear) (linear)
 Analytical  Subjectivity

Classical music Popular music  Logic  Synthesizing

Being on time A good time  Reasoning  Emotion

 Face recognition
Careful planning To visual the outcome

BRAIN DOMINANCE

Personal Preference

MIND MAPPING

- Mind mapping- graphical technique that mirrors

To consider alternative To go with the first idea
the way the brain works and was invented by
Tony Buzan.
Being thoughtful Being active - It helps to make thinking visible.
- Making notes more attractive to the brain by
Monopoly, scrabble, or Athletics, art, or music.
adding color and rhythm can aid the learning
chess
process and can help to make learning fun.
- The subject being studied is in a central image
and the main theme radiates out from the
central image on branches.
- Each branch holds a key image or a key word.
Details are then added to the main branches
and radiate further out.
LEFT BRAIN RIGHT BRAIN
Uses of Mind Mapping
Right side of body control Left side of body control
- notes taking, revision planning, planning for
writing and problem solving can all be
successfully carried out using the technique.
- remembering information becomes easier.
- mind mapping brings together your 'left brain'
(which is thought to be associated with words,
logic, numbers and linearity) and your 'right
brain' skills (which are associated with curves,
color, rhythm, images and space), making your
brain's performance more synergetic.