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MODAL VERBS

Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs that express necessity, obligation, ability, permission, possibility, or likelihood, and they do not change form for tense. Common modal verbs include can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, and ought to, each serving specific functions in sentences. Key points include that modal verbs are always followed by the base form of the main verb and do not have past participles or infinitive forms.

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16 views2 pages

MODAL VERBS

Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs that express necessity, obligation, ability, permission, possibility, or likelihood, and they do not change form for tense. Common modal verbs include can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, and ought to, each serving specific functions in sentences. Key points include that modal verbs are always followed by the base form of the main verb and do not have past participles or infinitive forms.

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MODAL VERBS

The auxiliaries that express the mode of action are called Modals. They are a special category of verbs
that express necessity, obligation, ability, permission, possibility, or likelihood. They are unique
because they don't change their form to indicate tense and are always followed by the base form of the
main verb (infinitive form) without 'to'.
Common Modal Verbs
1. Can: Indicates ability or possibility. Example: She can sing beautifully.
2. Could: Past tense of 'can', used to express ability or permission in the past. Example: She could swim
when she was five.
3. May: Expresses permission or possibility. Example: You may leave early if you finish your work.
4. Might: Similar to 'may', but indicates a lower possibility. Example: It might rain later.
5. Will: Expresses future possibility or intention. Example: He will arrive at 9 PM.
6. Would: Used to express polite requests, invitations, preferences, or past habits. Example: Would you
like some tea?
7. Shall: Often used in questions to ask for advice or suggestions, or to make offers. Example: Shall we
go for a walk?
8. Should: Indicates advice, obligation, or expectation. Example: You should study harder for the exam.
9. Must: Indicates necessity or strong obligation. Example: You must finish your homework before you
can play.
10. Ought to: Similar to 'should', expressing obligation or advisability. Example: You ought to
apologize for your mistake.
Key Points to Remember
1. Modal verbs do not change form (e.g., they have no -s in the third person singular).
2. They are always followed by the base form of the main verb.
3. They do not have past participles or infinitive forms.
4. They are used to express various attitudes such as ability, possibility, necessity, permission, and
obligation.
Underline the modal verb and identify the expression conveyed with the verb:
1. He can speak Spanish fluently.
2. We should arrive early for the meeting.
3. You may borrow my pen if you promise to return it.
4. She might come to the party tonight.
5. They will finish the project by next week.
6. Would you mind opening the window?
7. Shall I help you with your luggage?
8. Students must wear the school uniform every day.
9. You ought to apologize for your rude behaviour.
10. I could swim across the river when I was younger.
Gap-Filling Exercise
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate modal verb from the given options:
1. You ___________ bring your ID card to enter the library. Options: may / must / should
2. Sarah ___________ complete her assignment by tomorrow. Options: might / will / must
3. ___________ I borrow your calculator for a moment? Options: Shall / Can / Must
4. The concert tickets are selling out fast. We ___________ buy them now. Options: should / might /
will
5. You ___________ be careful while crossing the road. Options: must / may / ought to
6. He ___________ not attend the meeting yesterday due to his illness. Options: should / must / could
7. ___________ I help you with your luggage? Options: Would / Can / May
8. Students ___________ wear the school uniform every day. Options: may / must / should
9. We ___________ start studying for the exam soon. Options: might / will / should
10. You ___________ apologize for your mistake. Options: should / may / can
2. On the Annual Day celebration, the Principal delivered a note, “Good Evening Children, you all (i)
___________(shall, will, may) be the future policymakers, hence you (ii) _________ (ought to, can,
used to) obey your teachers. You (iii) ________ (may, will, should) always try to win the confidence of
your superiors. You must not leave any stone unturned. Take a pledge that you (iv) ________ (should,
would, shall) obey and respect your elders.
3. Self-miracle refers to your need to change your life to what you really (i) ________ (can, shall, must)
create. The simple truth is only you possess the power to improve your conditions in line with
everything you (ii) ______ (will, may, should) carry out. You (iii) ______ (could, would, need to) live
your dreams to improve your life permanently. This (iv) ______ (must, can, will) be done if you wish
to attain what you have targeted.

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