5 Which energy store gains energy when a book is lifted up onto a high shelf?

A chemical energy store

B elastic potential energy store

C gravitational potential energy store

D thermal energy store

(Total for Question 5 = 1 mark)

9 The diagram shows a bar magnet.

N S

Describe one way of showing the shape of the magnetic field around the bar magnet.

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(Total for Question 9 = 2 marks)

12 The graph shows how the gravitational field strength of the Earth varies with
increasing distance from the Earth.
The gravitational field strength on the surface of the Earth is 10 N / kg.

10

gravitational
field strength
in N / kg

0
0

increasing distance from the Earth in km

An astronaut has a mass of 75 kg.

(a) How does the mass of the astronaut change as they move away from the Earth?
(1)

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(b) How does the weight of the astronaut change as they move away from the Earth?
(1)

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(Total for Question 12 = 2 marks)

 For Questions 13–17 put a cross in one box to indicate your answer.
If you change your mind, put a line through the box and then put a cross in another box .

13 Which of the following statements about electrical resistance is correct?

A a copper wire has a high electrical resistance

B electrical resistance is measured in ohms

C electrical resistance measures the flow of electrons in a wire

D electrical resistance is measured in newton metres

(Total for Question 13 = 1 mark)

17 A person walks for 3 hours and travels 9 km.
Which row of the table shows their speed in km / h and in m / s?

Speed in km / h Speed in m / s
A 0.33 0.09
B 3.0 0.28
C 3.0 0.83
D 27.0 2.5

(Total for Question 17 = 1 mark)

18 This question is about static electricity.
Complete the table by putting one tick () in each row to show if each statement is
true or false.
The first row has been done for you.

Statement True False

static electricity can cause small electric shocks 

some objects become charged with
static electricity when they are rubbed together
if two positively charged objects come near to
each other they will attract each other
if two negatively charged objects come near to
each other they will attract each other

(Total for Question 18 = 3 mark)

20 Some examples of energy stores and the way energy can be transferred are shown in
the box.

chemical energy
elastic potential energy
electricity
forces
gravitational potential energy
heating
kinetic energy
light waves
sound waves

The diagram shows a simple electric circuit.

Use terms from the box to complete these sentences.

(a) The cell in the circuit stores energy as ............................................................................................. .

(1)
(b) When the switch is closed energy is transferred to the bulb

by .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..................... .
(1)
(c) The bulb transfers energy to the surroundings by

............ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ and by ............................................................................................. .

(1)

(Total for Question 20 = 3 marks)

 For Questions 24–28 put a cross in one box to indicate your answer.
If you change your mind, put a line through the box and then put a cross in another box .

24 A wheelbarrow can be considered as a lever.

Which label on the diagram is pointing towards the pivot (fulcrum)?

Y
W

A label W

B label X
C label Y

D label Z

(Total for Question 24 = 1 mark)

28 What is the correct unit for the moment of a force?

A kilograms
B minutes

C newtons

D newton metres

(Total for Question 28 = 1 mark)

31 Steel reinforced concrete is a composite material used to make beams in the
construction of large buildings.
A weight on a beam causes it to be both stretched and squashed at the same time.

this part of the beam weight

beam
is squashed

this part of the beam

is stretched

Explain with reference to its properties why steel reinforced concrete is better than
concrete alone for making a beam.

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(Total for Question 31 = 3 marks)

32 The circuit diagram shows a battery with a voltage of 4.5 V connected to a bulb.
The bulb has a resistance of 36 Ω.

The relationship between voltage, current and resistance is shown in this equation.

voltage = current × resistance

(a) Calculate the size of the current that flows in the circuit.
(2)

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current = ............................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A
(b) When the bulb gets hot its resistance increases.
State what effect this has on the size of the current in the circuit.
(1)

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(Total for Question 32 = 3 marks)

34 The diagram shows a beam with a different weight on each end.
The beam is not balanced and this will cause it to rotate.

0.8 m 4.0 m

24 N
5N

Explain which way the beam will rotate.

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(Total for Question 34 = 2 marks)

2 The diagram shows an electric circuit with two bulbs in series.

3 V battery

copper wire

bulb

The bulbs in the circuit have electrical resistance.

Which statement about electrical resistance is correct?

A copper wire has no resistance

B copper wire has a high resistance

C the higher the resistance of a circuit, the higher the current that flows

D the lower the resistance of a circuit, the higher the current that flows
(Total for Question 2 = 1 mark)
5 Which of these diagrams correctly shows the gravitational force that causes the Earth
to orbit the Sun?

Sun

Earth

Sun

Earth

Sun

Earth

Sun

Earth
D

(Total for Question 5 = 1 mark)

12 The diagram represents a hydroelectric power station.
The upper reservoir is connected to the turbine generator through a pipe.
The turbine generator uses the energy stored in the water and transfers it electrically.

upper reservoir

pipe
turbine generator
lower reservoir

Which two statements about the energy transfers that occur are true?
Tick (✓) two boxes.

Statement True

in the upper reservoir energy is stored in the kinetic energy store of

the water
in the upper reservoir energy is stored in the gravitational potential
energy store of the water
as the water moves through the pipe it loses gravitational potential
energy and gains kinetic energy
as the water moves through the turbine generator it loses
gravitational potential energy and gains electrical energy
as the water moves through the turbine generator it gains
gravitational potential energy and loses kinetic energy

(Total for Question 12 = 2 marks)

15 The diagram shows the distance-time graph for four people, W, X, Y and Z, in a race.
They each travel the same distance.
Which person ran the race at the highest speed?

distance W X Y Z

time

A person W

B person X

C person Y

D person Z
(Total for Question 15 = 1 mark)

19 This question is about electric current.

Complete the table by putting one tick (✓) in each row to show if each statement is
true or false.
The first row has been done for you.

Statement True False

electric current is a flow of positive charges ✓

electric current is a flow of electrons

electric current is measured using an ammeter connected in parallel

electric current is the same at all points in a series circuit

(Total for Question 19 = 2 marks)

 25 A car is moving forwards at a speed of 20 m/s.

The diagram shows the forces acting on the car at a particular time.

400 N 300 N
200 N

How will these forces affect the motion of the car?

A the car will accelerate forwards

B the car will begin to decelerate

C the car will continue to move at a steady speed of 20 m/s

D the car will stop immediately

(Total for Question 25 = 1 mark)
27 A wet coat is put on a clothes line on a sunny day.
Which statement explains how the coat becomes dry?

A because water molecules gain energy and condense

B because water molecules gain energy and evaporate

C because water molecules lose energy and condense

D because water molecules lose energy and evaporate

(Total for Question 27 = 1 mark)
29 Which of these equations concerning electricity is correct?

A current (I) = voltage (V) × resistance (R)

B current (I) = resistance (R) ÷ voltage (V)

C voltage (V) = current (I) × resistance (R)

D voltage (V) = current (I) ÷ resistance (R)

(Total for Question 29 = 1 mark)
31 The dimensions of some stairs are shown in the diagram.

5m

4m

3m

The child in the diagram has a mass of 40 kg.

The gravitational field strength on Earth is 10 N/kg.
(a) Calculate the weight of the child.
Use the equation
weight = mass × gravitational field strength
(1)

weight of child = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N
(b) When the child climbs the stairs, they do work against gravity.
Calculate the work done by the child when they climb the stairs.
Use the equation

work done = force × distance moved

(2)

work done = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J
(Total for Question 31 = 3 marks)
32 The diagram shows a velocity-time graph for an object that is falling freely from a
great height.

velocity

time

Explain why the velocity of the falling object changes, as shown in the graph.

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(Total for Question 32 = 3 marks)

2 The picture shows a saucepan that is used for cooking food.

Which property of copper makes it suitable for making a saucepan?

A copper is a good conductor of electricity
B copper is a reddish‑brown colour
C copper is malleable
D copper is shiny

(Total for Question 2 = 1 mark)

3 Which is a correct symbol for a unit of speed?

A kmh
B kms
C ms
D m/s

(Total for Question 3 = 1 mark)

5 The diagram shows two forces acting on a car.

backward force from forward force from

air resistance = 2500 N engine = 6000 N

What is the resultant forward force acting on the car?

A 2500 N
B 3500 N
C 5500 N
D 8500 N

(Total for Question 5 = 1 mark)

8 The graph shows how the force used to move an object changes with the distance
the object moves.

20

B C
15

force in
10
newtons (N)

A
5 10 15
distance moved in metres (m)

The table shows some statements about the work done when moving the object.
Complete the table by putting one tick (ü) in each row to show if each statement is
true or false.
Use the relationship: work done = force × distance moved

Statement True False

the work done when moving the object from B to C is 75 J

the work done when moving the object from A to B is

equal to the work done in moving the object from B to C
the work done when moving the object from A to B is half
the work done in moving the object from B to C

(Total for Question 8 = 3 marks)

11 The graph shows the relationship between the mass and the weight of an object on
the Moon.

8
7
6
5
weight in
4
newtons (N)
3
2
1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5
mass in kilograms (kg)

(a) State the weight of a 4  kg object on the Moon.

(1)

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(b) An object of mass 5 kg has a weight of 8 N on the Moon.

The same object has a weight of 50 N on Earth.
The table shows some statements about mass and gravitational field strength on
the Earth and on the Moon.
Complete the table by putting one tick (ü) in each row to show if each statement
is true or false.
(1)

Statement True False

the mass of the same object is less on the Moon than on

the Earth
the gravitational field strength on the Moon is less than on
the Earth
the mass of the same object is greater on the Moon than
on the Earth
the gravitational field strength on the Moon is the same as
on the Earth

(Total for Question 11 = 4 marks)

14 This is a distance‑time graph for a person walking along a path.

distance

A
B

time

Circle the phrase in the box that describes the motion of the person between points A and B.

constant speed slowing down speeding up stationary

(Total for Question 14 = 1 mark)

17 Pairs of plastic strips with various charges are held close to each other.
Which pair of plastic strips will repel each other?

− −
A − −
− −
− −

−
B − no overall
− charge
−

+
C no overall +
charge +
+

+ −
D + −
+ −
+ −

(Total for Question 17 = 1 mark)

19 A passenger aeroplane is flying through the air.

Which energy stores are stored in the aeroplane as it flies through the air?
A chemical and elastic potential
B elastic potential and kinetic
C gravitational potential and kinetic
D gravitational potential and nuclear

(Total for Question 19 = 1 mark)

22 The diagram shows a mechanical toy moving across the floor.

A teacher draws a Sankey diagram to show the energy transfers taking place as the
mechanical toy moves.

useful
output
energy
200 J
input
energy

wasted output energy

(a) (i) State the reason why the total output energy of the mechanical toy is 200 J.
(1)

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................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) The Sankey diagram has been drawn to scale.

Calculate the amount of useful energy output when the energy input is 200 J.
(1)

............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J

(Total for Question 22 = 2 marks)

28 A student uses the electrical circuit shown in the diagram to investigate
electromagnetism.

copper rod
battery

switch

What happens when the switch in the circuit is closed?

A a magnetic field is produced around the copper rod
B a magnetic field is produced by the copper rod
C a magnetic field is produced by the switch
D no magnetic field is produced

(Total for Question 28 = 1 mark)

37 The diagram shows an electric circuit.
Four components in the circuit are labelled W, X, Y and Z.

W
switch meter
Z 2
bulb bulb
1 2

meter
1 X

(a) (i) Give the letter of the part of the circuit that provides the potential difference
in the circuit.
(1)

...................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) The potential difference across bulbs 1 and 2 together is 12 V.

The total resistance of bulbs 1 and 2 is 10 Ω.
Calculate the current in the circuit. You must include the correct unit.
(2)
voltage
Use the relationship current =
resistance

current = .............................................................. unit ...................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) Explain what happens to the current in the circuit when the switch is closed.
(2)

............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 37 = 5 marks)

TOTAL FOR SECTION A = 60 MARKS

 SECTION B
Answer ALL the questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
36 A student investigates how changing the number of turns on an electromagnet
affects the strength of the electromagnet.
The diagram shows the apparatus the student uses.

iron nail

A
electromagnetic coil
made from turns of
insulated wire
power supply

steel balls

(a) These are the steps in the student’s method. The steps are not in the correct order.
Step P: place the coil 2 cm above some steel balls
Step Q: count the number of steel balls picked up by the electromagnet
Step R: wind 100 turns of insulated wire around an iron nail to make a coil
Step S: switch on the power supply
Step T: connect the coil to the power supply
Place the steps in the order they should be done.
Two of the steps have been done for you.
(2)

→ T → → S →
 (b) The student repeats the investigation with coils made of 150, 200, 250 and 300
turns of insulated wire.
(i) State the independent variable in this investigation.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) State the dependent variable in this investigation.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iii) State one other variable that the student needs to control in this investigation.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(c) The table shows the student’s results.

Number of steel balls

Number of turns on coil
picked up

100 8

150 16

200 24

250 31

300 36

On the grid opposite

(i) Add a suitable scale on the vertical axis.
(1)
(ii) Plot the results given in the table.
(2)
(iii) Join the points with a curve of best fit.
(1)
 number of
steel balls
picked up

0 100 200 300

number of turns on coil

(d) What conclusion can the student make about the relationship between the
number of turns on the electromagnet and the strength of the electromagnet?
(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 36 = 11 marks)

 37 A student predicts that ice cubes will melt faster if they have a larger surface area.

To test this prediction the student makes five ice cubes which each have the same
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volume but have different surface areas.

All the ice cubes are made in the same freezer.
(a) Name the piece of equipment that the student should use to measure the volume
of the water used to make the ice cubes.
(1)

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(b) The student takes the ice cubes out of the freezer and places them all on the
same bench.
They measure the time taken for each ice cube to melt.
(i) What is the independent variable in the student’s investigation?
(1)

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(ii) What is the dependent variable in the student’s investigation?

(1)

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(iii) State one variable that the student controls during this investigation.
(1)

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 (c) The table shows the student’s results.

Surface area of ice cube Time taken for ice cube

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in cm2 to melt in minutes

124 50

92 54

80 76

88 71

128 48

The student has plotted their results on this graph.

80

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70

60

50
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40
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30

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20

10

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
2
surface area of ice cube in cm

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 (i) Complete the graph by adding a label to the y-axis.
(1)
(ii) Draw a circle around any anomalous results on the graph.
(1)
(iii) Draw a line of best fit on the graph.
(1)
(iv) Use the graph to predict how long it would take for an ice cube with a surface
area of 100 cm2 to melt.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(v) Give one way in which the results could be made more reliable.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 37 = 9 marks)

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*P70976A02936* Turn over