Question 1

a. Distinguish between Amplifier and Oscillator [4marks]

b. A loud speaker of 8Ω is connected to the secondary of the output transformer of a
class A amplifier circuit. The quiescent collector current is 140 mA. The turns ratio
of the transformer is 3:1. The collector supply voltage is 10 V. If the AC power
delivered to the loudspeaker is 0.48 W. and the transformer is taken to be ideal,
calculate
i. the power developed across primary side of the transformer [2marks]
ii. rms of load voltage [3marks]
iii. rms value of primary voltage [2marks]
iv. rms value of load current [2marks]
v. rms value of primary current [2marks]
vi. the dc power input into the amplifier [2marks]
vii. the efficiency of the power amplifier [2marks]
viii. power dissipation [1marks]

Question 2
a. Explain the following briefly:
i. Damped Oscillation [2marks]
ii. Undamped Oscillation [2marks]
b. In a Colpitt’s Oscillator, the values of the inductor and capacitor in the tank are L=40
mH, C1=100 pF and C2 = 500 pF:
i. Find the Oscillating frequency [4marks]
ii. If the input voltage to the oscillator is 10V, find the feedback voltage [3marks]
iii. Find the minimum gain, if the frequency is changed by changing the inductor ‘L’
alone. [2marks]
iv. Find the value of C1 for a gain of 10 [2marks]
v. Also, find the new frequency of oscillation for “iv” above [4marks]

Question 3
Draw the circuit diagram of the following types of oscillator and in each case, state the
frequency of oscillation.
i. Hartley Oscillator [5marks]
ii. Colpitts Oscillator [5marks]
iii. Clapp Oscillator [5marks]
iv. WIEN-Bridge Oscillator [5marks]

Question 4

i. Explain the operation of the bistable multivibrator with the aid of appropriate circuit
diagram. [8 marks]
ii. A pulse train with a repetition rate of 500 Hz and the pulse-width of 0.2ms is to be
employed for transmission in a digital communication network. Design an astable
multivibrator to generate this pulse train using two transistors with h fe=50, Vcc=VBB=20V,
Rc1=Rc2=1 kΩ. [12marks]
Question 5
i. List four advantages of class B push-pull amplifier [4 marks]
 ii. Show that the maximum efficiency of class-B push pull amplifier is 78.5%[6 marks]
iii. With the aid of a well labeled diagram, describe the complementary symmetry class B
push-pull amplifier. [10 marks]

Question 6

i. A ± 10V square wave is applied to (a) the input of a negative voltage clamping circuit
and (b) to the input of a negative shunt clipper. Sketch the output wave form of the
result in each case. [6marks]
ii. Draw and explain briefly the working of a clipping circuit which limit the voltage at +6v
and -8v [8marks]
iii. Design a clamper that will perform function indicated in Fig 6iii [6marks]

Fig 6iii

Question 7
a. With the aid of a well labelled diagram, describe the Colpitts Oscillator(8marks).
b. For the Colpitts oscillator in ‘a’ above, having the values of L = 40mH; C 1=100 pF
and C 2=500 pF . Find
i. the frequency of oscillation (3marks).
ii. the feedback voltage, if the input voltage is 10 V (2marks).
iii. the minimum gain, if the frequency is changed by changing the value of the
inductor ‘L’ alone (2marks)
iv. the value of C 1 for a gain of 10 (2marks).
v. the new frequency of the oscillation for the ‘iv’ above(3marks).

Question 8

a. Draw the circuit diagram of Astable, Monostable and Bistable multivibrators (9marks).
b. Calculate the value of the Capacitors to be used in an astable multivibrator to provide
a train of pulse 1μsec wide at a repetition ration of 100 kHz. Given R1=R 2=10 kΩ
(5marks).
c. Calculate the input pulse width for a monostable multivibrator for the design values of
Rc =2 kΩ , Rb =20 kΩ, C=0.1μF and V cc =¿ 12V. Assume V cc (sat)=0.2 V ,
V be (sat) =0.8 V ∧β=50 (6marks).

Question 9
 c. Distinguish between Amplifier and Oscillator(4marks)
d. Explain the following briefly:
i. Damped Oscillator(2marks)
ii. Undamped Oscillator(2marks)
e. Explain briefly the transistor pierce crystal oscillator using appropriate circuit diagram
(5marks)
f. A crystal oscillator has the following parameters: L = 0.5H, C s=0.06 pF , C p=1 pF
and R = 5kΩ. Find the series and parallel resonant frequency and Q-factor of the
crystal oscillator (6marks).

Question 10

A class B complimentary audio frequency Power Amplifier is shown in Figure Q4,

Calculate

i. Maximum AC power which can be developed(2marks)

ii. Collector dissipation to achieve maximum AC power(5marks)
iii. Efficiency(2marks)
iv. Maximum power dissipated per transistor(6marks)
v. Efficiency under maximum power dissipation condition(4marks)

Figure Q4
Question 11
a. With the aid of a well labelled diagram describe the complementary symmetry class B
Push-pull amplifier (8marks).
b. Explain the operation and sketch the output waveform for a diode clamper circuit
shown in Fig.Q5bii with the input waveform of Fig.Q5bi having input peak voltage of
20V (6marks).
Figure Q5bi

Figure Q5bii
c. Explain the operation of the system in Fig.Q5cii with an input from Fig. Q5ci and
determine the value of Vo (6marks).

Fig. Q5ci.

Fig. Q5cii.
Question 12
a. Show that the maximum efficiency of a class A power amplifier is 25% (6marks)
b. A single stage Class A amplifier has V cc =20V , V CEQ =10 V , I CQ =600 mA and
load resistance R L= 16Ω. The ac output current varies by ± 300mA with the ac
input signal. Calculate the
i. power supplied by the dc source to the amplifier circuit (2marks)
ii. d.c power consumed by the load resistor(2marks)
iii. a.c power developed across the load resistor(2marks)
iv. d.c power delivered to the transistor(2marks)
v. d.c power wasted in the transistor collector(2marks)
vi. overall efficiency of the amplifier(2marks)
vii. collector efficiency of the amplifier(2marks)
Question 13
a. With the aid of a well labelled diagram, describe the complementary symmetry class B
Push-pull amplifier [8marks]
b. For the circuit of Fig Q13, calculate
i. the input power [4marks]
ii. the output power [4marks]
iii. the power handled by each output transistor [2marks]
iv. the circuit efficiency for an input of 12V rms [2marks]

Question 14
a. Explain briefly the transistor pierce crystal oscillator using appropriate circuit diagram
[6marks]

b. A crystal oscillator has the following parameters: L = 0.5H, C s=0.06 pF , C p=1 pF and R =
5kΩ. Find the series and parallel resonant frequency and Q-factor of the crystal oscillator.
[6marks]
c. The Local Oscillator in a radio receiver is to generate intermediate frequency of variable
frequency between 950 kHz and 2050 kHz for Heterodyne action. If the Hartley oscillator
having a inductive value of L1=2 mH and L2=20 μH is employed for this purpose, calculate
the range of capacitance values that can produce this required frequency. [8Marks]