INTERNATIONAL ISO/CIE

STANDARD 11664-6

First edition
2014-02-01

Colorimetry —
Part 6:
CIEDE2000 Colour-difference formula
Colorimétrie —
Partie 6: Formule d'écart de couleur CIEDE2000

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Reference number
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All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any
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Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national

standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally
carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a
technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee.
International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in
the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all
matters of electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
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Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
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specific terms and expressions related to conformity
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Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information

ISO/CIE 11664-6 was prepared by CIE Technical Committee TC 1-57 of Division 1 Vision and colour. as
CIE S 014-6.

ISO/CIE 11664 consists of the following parts, under the general title Colorimetry:

— Part 1: CIE standard colorimetric observers

— Part 2: CIE standard illuminants

— Part 3: CIE tristimulus values

— Part 4: CIE 1976 L*a*b* Colour space

— Part 5: CIE 1976 L*u*v* Colour space and u', v' uniform chromaticity scale diagram

— Part 6: CIEDE2000 Colour-difference formula

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 ISO/CIE 11664-6:2014(E)

CIE S 014-6/E:2013

International Standard

Colorimetry –
Part 6: CIEDE2000 Colour-Difference Formula
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Colorimétrie – Partie 6: Formule d'écart de couleur CIEDE2000
Farbmessung – Teil 6: CIEDE2000-Farbabstandsformel
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CIE International Standards are copyrighted and sha ll not be reproduced in any form, entirely
or partly, without the explicit agreement of the CIE.

CIE Central Bureau, Vienna CIE S 014-6/E:2013

Babenbergerstraße 9/9A • A-1010 Vienna
UDC: 535.65:006 Descriptor: Standardisation of colour measurement
535.643.2 Standard colorimetric systems

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 CIE 2013

This document is a CIE International Standard and is copyright-protected by CIE.

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electr onic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from CIE Central Bureau at the address below.

CIE Central Bureau

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 ISO/CIE 11664-6:2014(E)

Foreword

International Standards produced by the Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage are

concise documents on aspects of light and lighting that require a unique definition. They are
a primary source of internationally accepted and agreed data which can be taken, essentially
unaltered, into universal standard systems.

This CIE International Standard has been prepared by CIE Technical Committee TC 1-57 *. It
has been approved by the Board of Administration and Division 1 "Vision and Colour" of the
Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage and the CIE National Committees.

The following ISO and IEC committees and working groups co-operated in the preparation of
this International Standard:

IEC TC100/TA2 (Audio, video and multimedia systems)

ISO TC6 (Paper, board and pulps)
ISO TC35/SC9/WG22 (Paints and varnishes)
ISO TC38/SC1/WG7 (Textiles)
ISO TC42 (Photography)
ISO TC130 (Graphic technology)
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ISO/IEC/JTC1/SC28 (Office systems)
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* The chairperson of this TC was A.R. Robertson (CA), members were: P.J. Alessi (US), M.
Brill (US), J. Campos Acosta (ES), E. Carter (US), R. Connelly (US), J.-F. Decarreau (FR), R.
Harold (US), R. Hirschler (HU), B. Jordan (CA) , C. Kim (KR), D. McDowell (US), P. McGinley
(AU), M. Melgosa (ES), Y. Ohno (US), M.R. Poin ter (GB), K. Richter (DE), G. Rösler † (DE),
J.D. Schanda (HU), R. Sève (FR), K. Witt (DE), H. Yaguchi (JP), J. Zwinkels (CA).

© ISO/CIE 2014 – All rights reserved vii

ISO/CIE 11664-6:2014(E)

CONTENTS

Foreword ............................................................................................................................ vii

Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 1
1 Scope ............................................................................................................................ 1
2 Normative References ....................................................................................................1
3 Definitions, Symbols and Abbreviations .......................................................................... 1
4 Reference Conditions .....................................................................................................3
5 Calculation Method ......................................................................................................... 3
6 Parametric Factors ......................................................................................................... 6
Annex A (Informative) Three-Component Micro-Spaces ......................................................... 7
Bibliography ......................................................................................................................... 8

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Colorimetry – Part 6: CIEDE2000 Colour-Difference Formula

Introduction

The three-dimensional colour space produced by plotting CIE tristimulus values ( X, Y, Z) in

rectangular coordinates is not visually uniform, nor is the ( x, y, Y) space nor the two-
dimensional CIE (x, y) chromaticity diagram. Equal distances in these spaces and diagrams
do not represent equally perceptible differences between colour stimuli. For this reason the
CIE has standardized two more-nearly uniform colour spaces (known as CIELAB and CIELUV)
whose coordinates are non-linear functions of X, Y and Z. Numerical values representing
approximately the relative magnitude of colour differences can be described by simple
Euclidean distances in these spaces or by more sophisticated colour-difference formulae that
improve the correlation with the relative perceived size of differences. The purpose of this
CIE International Standard is to define one such formula, the CIEDE2000 formula. The
Standard is based on CIE Technical Report 142-2001.

The formula is an extension of the CIE 1976 L*a*b* colour-difference formula (ISO 11664-
4:2008(E)/CIE S 014-4/E:2007) with corrections for variation in colour-difference perception
dependent on lightness, chroma, hue and chroma-hue interaction. Reference conditions
define material and viewing environment characteristics to which the formula applies.

1 Scope
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This CIE International Standard specifies the method of calculating colour differences
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according to the CIEDE2000 formula.

The Standard is applicable to input values

ISO/CIE of CIELAB L*, a*, b* coordinates calculated
11664-6:2014
according to ISO https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/dcc12066-2ce0-4d25-abe4-
11664-4:2008(E)/CIE S 014-4/E:2007. The Standard may be used for the
specification of the colour difference between two colour stimuli perceived as belonging to
276e281bc3a7/iso-cie-11664-6-2014
reflecting or transmitting objects. This includes displays, if they are being used to simulate
reflecting or transmitting objects and if the tristimulus values representing the stimuli are
appropriately normalized. The Standard does not apply to colour stimuli perceived as
belonging to areas that appear to be emitting light as primary light source s, or that appear to
be specularly reflecting such light.

2 Normative References

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

CIE 142-2001. Improvement to industrial colour-difference evaluation, 2001.

CIE S 017/E:2011. ILV: International Lighting Vocabulary, 2011.
ISO 11664-4:2008(E)/CIE S 014-4/ E:2007. Joint ISO/CIE Standard: Colorimetry – Part 4:
1976 L*a*b* Colour Space, 2008.

3 Definitions, Symbols and Abbreviations

For the purposes of this International Standard, the terms and definitions given in CIE S
017/E:2011 (International Lighting Vocabulary), and the following symbols and abbreviations
apply.

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