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Birth Control and Stds - 5a12bio - 2019

The document discusses birth control methods, emphasizing their role in preventing pregnancy and allowing individuals to control family planning. It categorizes contraception into natural, chemical, mechanical, and surgical methods, detailing their effectiveness and potential side effects. Additionally, it covers sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), specifically gonorrhea and HIV/AIDS, including their causes, symptoms, and treatment options.

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15 views15 pages

Birth Control and Stds - 5a12bio - 2019

The document discusses birth control methods, emphasizing their role in preventing pregnancy and allowing individuals to control family planning. It categorizes contraception into natural, chemical, mechanical, and surgical methods, detailing their effectiveness and potential side effects. Additionally, it covers sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), specifically gonorrhea and HIV/AIDS, including their causes, symptoms, and treatment options.

Uploaded by

shenimill
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BIRTH CONTROL

• BIRTH CONTROL IS ANY METHOD USED TO PREVENT PREGNANCY


• IT ENABLES PEOPLE TO CHOOSE WHEN THEY WANT TO HAVE A BABY.
• IT ENABLES PEOPLE TO CHOOSE THE NUMBER OF CHILDREN THEY WANT TO HAVE.
• TO PREVENT PREGNANCY CONTRACEPTION HAS TO EITHER
 STOP THE SPERMATOZOA FROM REACHING THE OVUM
 STOP OVA FROM BEING PRODUCED
 STOP THE FERTILIZED OVUM FROM DEVELOPING IN THE UTERUS
METHODS OF CONTRACEPTION
• NATURAL METHODS
• CHEMICAL METHODS
• MECHANICAL METHODS
• SURGICAL METHODS
NATURAL METHODS
• ABSTINENCE
100% SAFE AND NO TRANSMISSION OF STDS

• WIHTDRAWAL METHOD
80- 90% SAFE, REQUIRE SELF CONTROL

• RHYTHM METHOD
80% SAFE, TIME OF OVULATION VARY AND SEXUAL ACTIVITY IS RESTRICTED.
CHEMICAL
• CONTRACEPTIVE PILLS

IT IS AN HORMONE PILLS TAKEN EVERYDAY TO PREVENT OVULATION AND IT AS SIDE EFFECTS ESPECIALLY IN SMOKERS. IS 95- 99%
EFFECTIVE

• DEPO-PROVERA INJECTION

WOMAN GETS INJECTION OF PROGESTERONE EVERY 13 WEEKS TO STOP THE RELEASE OF FSH AND LH

100% EFFECTIVE AND HAS SOME SIDE EFFECTS WEIGHT GAIN

• SKIN IMPLANTS

TUBE OF PROGESTIN IS INSERTED UNDER THE SKIN AND RELEASE HORMONE DIRECTLY INTO THE BLOOD TO PREVENT OVULATION. ITS
EFFECTIVE FOR 5 YEARS AND 100 % EFFECTIVE

• SPERMATOZOONICIDES

CREAM OR FOAM INSERTED IN THE VAGINA BEFORE INTERCOURSE TO KILL SPERMATOZOA. 70% EFFECTIVE
MECHANICAL
• CONDOMS: MALE AND FEMALE
IS 80 -95 % RELIABLE AND IT ALSO PROVIDE PROTECTION AGAINST SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
• CERVICAL CAP OR DIAPHRAGM
IT IS 90% EFFECTIVE
• INTRA-UTERINE DEVICE (IUD)
IS INSERTED IN THE WOMB BY DOCTOR AND 99 -100% SAFE
SURGICAL

• STERILIZATION
TUBAL LIGATION: THE OVIDUCT ARE CUT AND TIED OFF AND IS IRREVERSIBLE
VASECTOMY: THE VAS DEFERENCE ARE CUT AND TIED OFF AND IS IRREVERSIBLE
STDS (SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES)

• SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES ARE DISEASES THAT ARE TRANSFERRED FROM ONE PERSON TO
ANOTHER DURING SEXUAL INTERCOURSE
• GONORRHOEA AND SYPHILIS ARE EXAMPLES OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES CAUSED BY A
BACTERIUM
• ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME (AIDS) IS AN EXAMPLE OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED
DISEASES CAUSED BY A VIRUS
GONORRHOEA
• GONORRHOEA IS CAUSED BY THE BACTERIUM NEISSERIA GONORRHOEA.
• THE BACTERIUM CAN LIVE FOR ONLY SHORT TIME OUTSIDE THE BODY AND IS QUICKLY KILLED BY HEAT
• IT IS TRANSMITTED THROUGH UNPROTECTED SEXUAL CONTACT
• IT CAUSES PAIN AND OTHER SYMPTOMS IN GENITAL TRACTS AND IS COMMON IN MEN
• IT CAN BE TREATED WITH ANTIBIOTICS E.G PENICILLIN
• BELOW ARE SOME OF THE EFFECTS IN MEN AND WOMEN
Men Women
Becomes painful to pass urine, yellow discharge Many show no symptoms at all, but there may be
fro the penis pain with passing out urine and yellow discharge
from vagina
Symptoms disappear Symptoms disappear
In long terms, sperm ducts becomes blocked Oviducts become blocked resulting in sterility.
resulting in sterility, can also lead to bladder Babies affected in the uterus may be born blind
problems (neonatal conjunctivitis)
HIV/AIDS
• AIDS IS CAUSED BY A VIRUS CALLED THE HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV).
• IT IS USUALLY TRANSMITTED BY SEXUAL INTERCOURSE, BLOOD TRANSFUSION, SHARING OF SHARP OBJECT, FROM MOTHER
TO CHILD DURING PREGNANCY.
• HIV ATTACKS THE LYMPHOCYTES WHICH PLAY AN IMPORTANT PART IN THE BODY’S DEFENCE AGAINST DISEASE.
• THIS MEANS SOMEONE WITH HIV IS FAR LESS PROTECTED AGAINST OTHER DISEASES THAN NORMAL
• IT MAKES THE BODY VULNERABLE TO OTHER INFECTIONS CALLED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS E.G PNEUMONIA,
TUBERCULOSIS, CANDIDIASIS
• IT DOES NOT HAVE ANY CURE AS YET BUT CAN BE PREVENTED.
THANK YOU

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