College of Social Science and

Humanity
School of Geography and
Environmental Studies
Department of GIS
Assignment of GIS and RS for

Agricultural and Watershed management

Name…………….
………………………………………………………ID
Kurfa
Roba…………………………………………………………T/4910/14
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 Submitted to: Mr Kalid Hassen
Submitted by: Kurfa Roba(jan 22/25)

Table Content

1.0 introdution……………………………………………………………………………………………………..3
1.1 objective…………………………………………………………………………………………………………3
2.0 Material and Methodology…………………………………………………………………………….3
2.1 Materials………………………………………………………………………………………………………..3
2.2 Methodology…………………………………………………………………………………………………4
3 Flow Direction and Accumulation Analysis……………………………………………………….5
3.1 Flow Direction Determination………………………………………………………………………….5
3.2 Flow Accumulation Mapping…………………………………………………………………………….6
4.0 Stream Network Identification (create a point)…………………………………………………8
5.0 layout of lome watershed……………………………………………………………………………….10
Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………………………………….11

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 1 Introduction
Watershed delineation is a fundamental process in hydrology and
environmental management that involves identifying and mapping the
boundaries of watersheds. A watershed, often referred to as a drainage basin, is
an area of land where all precipitation collects and drains into a single outlet,
such as a river, lake, or ocean. Understanding the characteristics and boundaries
of multiple watersheds is essential for effective water resource management,
land-use planning, and ecological conservation.
In many regions, multiple watersheds coexist within close proximity to one
another, each contributing to the overall hydrology of the area. Delineating
these multiple watersheds allows for a comprehensive understanding of how
water flows through a landscape, how different watersheds interact, and how
human activities impact water quality and availability.

1.1 Objective
The aim of the watershed delineation was to identify and map the
boundaries of a specific watershed area for effective water resource
management.
2 Material and Methodology
The materials and methodology for multiple watershed delineation
typically involved a combination of geographic information systems
(GIS), remote sensing data, and hydrological modeling tools.
2.1 Materials
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1. Data Sources:
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 • Digital Elevation Models (DEMs): High-resolution DEMs provided elevation
data necessary for analyzing terrain and water flow.
2. Software Tools:
• GIS Software: Tools like ArcGIS were utilized for spatial analysis and mapping.

2.2 Methodology
 Data Collection:
• Gathered all necessary datasets of lome wareda, including DEM and
hydrological records.

 Preprocessed Data:
• Cleaned and preprocessed the DEMs to remove noise and ensured they were
suitable for analysis (e.g., filled sinks).
• Reprojected all datasets to a common coordinate system for accurate overlay.
Steps: Open Arc Toolbox → Click Fill→ Add DEM Data→ navigate place of
output→ Rename Fill name→ finally click OK
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 3 Flow Direction and Accumulation Analysis:
• Utilized GIS tools to analyze the DEM to determine flow direction and flow
accumulation, which identified how water moved across the landscape.

3.1 Flow Direction Determination

The DEM was used to determine the flow direction of water across
the landscape. This step helped in understanding how water moved
through the area.
Steps: Open Arc Toolbox → Click Flow direction→ Add Fill Data→
navigate
place of output→ Rename Flow Direction name→finally click OK

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The output of flow direction

3.2 Flow Accumulation Mapping

Flow accumulation maps were created to identify areas where water converged,
indicating potential stream channels and drainage paths. This analysis allowed
for a better understanding of the hydrological patterns within the landscape.
Steps Open Arc Toolbox → Spatial analysist tool → Hydrology → Click Flow
Accumulation→ Add Flow Direction Data→ navigate place of output→ Rename
Flow Direction name→finally click OK

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Output of flow Accumulation

Flow accumulation was classified into two categories, and a break
value of 1000 was established for this classification.
Steps duble clicked on flow accumulation → clicked property → clicked on
symbology→ click on classify into 2 and also break value into 1000→
finally click OK

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The output of Flow accumulation was classified

4.0 Then Stream Network Identification (create a

point)
To derive stream networks from flow accumulation data using threshold values
to define where streams begin based on accumulated flow, one would first
analyze the flow accumulation raster. By applying specific threshold values,
areas of accumulated flow that exceed these thresholds would be identified as
potential stream locations. This process involved setting a minimum
accumulation value, which helped to distinguish between minor drainage paths
and significant streams. Once the thresholds were applied, the resulting stream
network was generated, highlighting the areas where streams were likely to
originate based on the flow accumulation data. this few step for created point
 Point Creation: The identified stream locations were converted into point
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features within a GIS environment. Each point represented the outlet of a

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watershed.
 Watershed Delineation: For each point created, watershed boundaries
were delineated by tracing the flow direction raster. This involved using
GIS tools to analyze how water would flow from each point and
determining the contributing area.
 Verification: The delineated watersheds were checked against the DEM
and other relevant data to ensure accuracy

Then created watershed

5.0 After created layout of watershed

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Finally changed watershed into polygon
Steps Open Arc Toolbox → conversion tool → from raster→ Click raster to
polygon→ finally click OK

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 Conclusion
Multiple watershed delineation is a vital process that enhances our
understanding of hydrological systems and supports sustainable management
practices. By recognizing the interconnectedness of various watersheds,
stakeholders can address water-related challenges more effectively, promoting
resilience against climate change, pollution, and habitat degradation. As water
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resources become increasingly stressed due to population growth and

environmental changes, the importance of accurate and comprehensive
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watershed delineation will only continue to grow.

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