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Foreign Policy of Pakistan

The document outlines the foreign policy of Pakistan, emphasizing principles such as national sovereignty, Islamic identity, non-alignment, and regional stability. It discusses the objectives of preserving national independence, promoting international cooperation, and enhancing regional connectivity. Additionally, it highlights the role of various entities like the Administrative Troika, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and political parties in shaping Pakistan's foreign policy.

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mohammad ashraf nadeem
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25 views8 pages

Foreign Policy of Pakistan

The document outlines the foreign policy of Pakistan, emphasizing principles such as national sovereignty, Islamic identity, non-alignment, and regional stability. It discusses the objectives of preserving national independence, promoting international cooperation, and enhancing regional connectivity. Additionally, it highlights the role of various entities like the Administrative Troika, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and political parties in shaping Pakistan's foreign policy.

Uploaded by

mohammad ashraf nadeem
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Assignment 01

Course: Pak Study


Course code: PKS-1O1
Submitted to: Miss Gulshan Naseem
Submitted by:
Ayesha Fatima(22011510022)
Ayesha Sultani (22011510-120)
Iqra Riaz (22011510-040)
Hajra Aslam (22011510-090)

Section: BS-IV(A)
Submission date: April 22,204

Department of physics
University of Gujrat
Foreign policy

Foreign Policy:
Foreign policy is a country's set of strategies for managing its relationships
with other countries and international organizations.

 Basic principles of foreign policy of Pakistan:


Pakistan’s foreign policy is guided by several key principles:

1. National Sovereignty: Pakistan prioritizes safeguarding its sovereignty


and territorial integrity in all its foreign dealings.
2. Islamic Identity:
Being an Islamic Republic, Pakistan aims to promote and protect the
interests of Muslims globally and uphold Islamic values in its foreign
relations.

3. Non-Alignment:
Pakistan traditionally maintains a policy of non-alignment, seeking to
avoid entanglement in the affairs of major power blocs and maintaining
autonomy in its foreign policy decisions.

4. Security and Stability: Ensuring national security and regional stability


is a cornerstone of Pakistan’s foreign policy. This includes countering
external threats and promoting peace within the region.
5. Economic Development: Pakistan seeks to enhance economic
cooperation with other countries, attract foreign investment, and promote
trade for the socio-economic development of the nation.

6. Kashmir Issue:

Given the longstanding conflict over Kashmir, Pakistan consistently


advocates for the rights of Kashmiris and seeks a resolution of the issue
in accordance with UN resolutions and the wishes of the Kashmiri
people.

7. Regional Connectivity: Pakistan aims to enhance connectivity and


cooperation within the south Asian region through initiatives such as the
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) and
projects like the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC).

8. Diplomatic Engagement:

Pakistan engages in active diplomacy with countries around the world to


advance its national interests, foster mutual understanding, and build
partnerships for peace and development.

Objectives and targets of Pakistan’s Foreign Policy


The Target and objectives of Pakistan’s foreign policy are as following:
• Preservation of national independence
• Promotion of International Cooperation
• Regional Cooperation
• Non alignment
• Unity of the Muslim World
Preservation of National Independence
The Main objective of Pakistan’s foreign policy is to preserve National
Independence. The preservation of our national independence has always
remained the paramount principle of our foreign policy.

Promotion of International Cooperation


Pakistan became the member of the United Organization in the very next month
after its independence. As a member of the UN, Pakistan always had struggled
hard to bring about International cooperation Pakistan used her good offices for
the conciliation among different countries of the world on many occasions. In this
respect, Pakistan’s efforts to bring about a cease-fire between Iraq and Iran during
their along drawn-out war needs special attention.

Regional Cooperation
Regional cooperation and work for the peace of the region are one of the main
tasks of
Pakistan’s foreign policy. For this purpose, Pakistan entered into a pact with an
Iran and Turkey, which was known as RCD. This pact has now been named as
ECO. Pakistan has always a friendly relationship with its neighbor.

Non alignment
We are living in world generally divide into Socialistic and Capitalistic blocks.
Since Pakistan fought its way to freedom based on ideology, based on the
principles of Islam. We can’t become the blind camp-followers of either of the two
ideological blocks we have always tried to establish cordial relations with all
countries of the world, irrespective of their ideological affiliations. In 1979,
Pakistan joined the NAM as a regular member.
Unity Of the Muslim World
The main objective of Pakistan’s foreign policy is to establish unity of Muslim
world.

Conclusion
Pakistan’s foreign policy has been marked by a complex balancing process- the
result of its history, religious heritage and geographic position. The primary
objective of that policy has been to preserve Pakistan’s territorial integrity and
security, which have been in jeopardy since
the state’s inception.

Sources that formulate the foreign policy of Pakistan


Administrative Troika
Administrative Troika comprises of president of Pakistan, Prime minister of
Pakistan, Chief of Army Staff. It plays very important role in formulating foreign
policy. It can approve or disapprove the foreign policy or can make change in it.
However, it is very difficult to deviate from previous foreign commitments made
by troika. National Security Council and apex committee has replaced
administrative troika in the new constitutional changes.
Ministry of foreign Affairs
The ministry can play a very important role in formulating the foreign policy of
Pakistan. It comprises the specialists and experts of foreign policy and bureaucrats
of high level. They prepare foreign policy keeping in view the basic objectives and
principles of policy. They formulate the policy plans and programs regarding the
priorities of foreign policy and fully cooperate with troika for its preparation. In
accordance with new constitutional amendment, Troika has been replaced by
national Security Council.
Intelligence Agencies
Pakistan intelligence agencies play a very effective role in formulation of foreign
policy by providing full information about objectives of other countries foreign
these policies keeping in view these information’s, Pakistan formulates its foreign
policy.
Political parties and Pressure group
The political parties and pressure groups have deep impact on formulation of
foreign policy of Pakistan. The political parties include priorities of foreign
policies in their manifestoes and after their success in election. They force the
government to change priorities of the foreign policy according to the changing
scenario in the light of their viewpoints. Likewise, pressure groups can also
influence the foreign policy.
Parliament
The ministry of foreign affairs usually prepare the foreign policy according to
directions of executives and puts it before the parliament for approval. After
discussion and debate, the parliament gives approval to it or suggests some
changes in it

Determinants of foreign policy of Pakistan


Ideology
Pakistan is considered an Islamic ideological state. Being an ideological sate
most of its relations with the external world are based on this theme. Especially Pakistan
relations with the other Muslim world remained brotherly because of its ideological
status.

Security:
Just after the creation of Pakistan it faced so many problems. These were the
refugee’s problem, the water problems- administrative problems and security
problems. To cope with the problems Pakistan was seeking help- because of its
poor economic and poor security conditions India and Afghanistan appeared as a
threat to Pakistan Afghanistan was backing the Pukhtoonistan issue- which was
claiming is boundaries to river Jhelum. Pakistan required a huge economic and
military aid.
National Interest
“In international relations there can be no eternal enemy- no can there be eternal
friend- and only eternal is the national interest. So national interest is one of the
most important determinants of Pakistan foreign policy.
Geopolitical Location
Pakistan's strategic location at the crossroads of South Asia, Central Asia, and the
Middle East makes it an important player in regional and global politics.
Economic development
Pakistan has attached great importance for trade and other economic relations with
developed and developing countries on bilateral basis. Pakistan has received
economical and financial assistance from the western countries U$A and world
financial institutions like IBRD and IMF.
Policy during Pakistan cold war:
Introduction;
During the Cold War, Pakistan aligned itself with the United States,
particularly due to its rivalry with India, which leaned towards the Soviet
Union. The police in Pakistan likely operated within this geopolitical
context, influenced by the government's alliances and policies. They would
have been involved in maintaining internal security, counterinsurgency
efforts, and enforcing laws, potentially with a focus on combating
communist influences domestically. During the Cold War era in Pakistan,
the police operated under several key principles and priorities.
1. National security:
The police force prioritized maintaining national security, aligning with
Pakistan's strategic interests and its alliances, particularly with the United States.
2. Anti-Communism:
Reflecting the broader global struggle against communism, the police
likely engaged in surveillance, monitoring, and suppression of communist
activities within Pakistan.
3. Law Enforcement:
Despite the geopolitical tensions, the police continued their traditional
role of law enforcement, ensuring public order, safety, and the enforcement of
national laws.
4. Support for Allies:
In alignment with Pakistan's foreign policy objectives, the police
likely cooperated with intelligence agencies and security forces of allied nations,
particularly the United States, to counter Soviet influence in the region.
5. Political Stability:
Maintaining political stability was crucial during this period, and the
police played a significant role in preventing internal unrest and upholding the
authority of the government.
These principles guided the actions and strategies of the police force in Pakistan
throughout the Cold War period.

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