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Module 1 Intoduction and Key Concepts Weeks 1 and 2

The document introduces key concepts of ethics, defining it as a branch of philosophy that examines moral principles and values. It outlines three major areas of study in ethics: meta-ethics, normative ethics, and applied ethics, along with three basic types of ethical theories: virtue ethics, consequentialist ethics, and principled ethics. Additionally, it discusses the moral implications of a case study involving 'Baby Teresa' and emphasizes the importance of understanding morality in relation to self and others.

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Gian Carlo Rosero
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5 views

Module 1 Intoduction and Key Concepts Weeks 1 and 2

The document introduces key concepts of ethics, defining it as a branch of philosophy that examines moral principles and values. It outlines three major areas of study in ethics: meta-ethics, normative ethics, and applied ethics, along with three basic types of ethical theories: virtue ethics, consequentialist ethics, and principled ethics. Additionally, it discusses the moral implications of a case study involving 'Baby Teresa' and emphasizes the importance of understanding morality in relation to self and others.

Uploaded by

Gian Carlo Rosero
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Goa Campus/College of Business and Management

Name of Campus/ College

Module 1
INTRODUCTION AND THE KEY CONCEPTS
Name of Student: _________________________________ Week No: _1 _and 2________
Course Code: _________________________________ Name of Faculty: __Marietta Z. Terrobias__
Course Title: _________________________________

 OBJECTIVE :
 Identify the Key Concepts of the course.

 LESSON :

Ethics comes from the Greek word, ethika, and ethos, which means “character,”or “custom”. This also
refers to the Human Conduct principles or standards which is sometimes called morals (which comes from the
latin word mores, which means “customs”), and the study of such principles, are sometimes called moral
philosophy.

Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that involves systematizing, defending, and
recommending concepts of right and wrong conduct. The field of ethics, along with aesthetics, concerns
matters of value, and thus comprises the branch of philosophy called axiology. Wikipedia

Ethics, also called moral philosophy, the discipline concerned with what is morally good and bad and
morally right and wrong. The term is also applied to any system or theory of moral values or principles. Peter
Singer

THREE MAJOR AREAS OF STUDY


1. Meta-ethics, concerning the theoretical meaning and reference of moral propositions, and how their
truth values (if any) can be determined
2. Normative ethics, concerning the practical means of determining a moral course of action and also tells
us how we should act situations.
3. Applied ethics, concerning what a person is obligated (or permitted) to do in a specific situation or a
particular domain of action.

THREE BASIC TYPES OF ETHICAL THEORIES

1. VIRTUE ETHICS - which focuses upon character; acting true to oneself and fulfilling the goals of life and
to be a full human being.
2. CONSEQUENTIALIST ETHICS -base to morality focus upon psychological processes such as affection,
sympathy, a moral sense, intuition and so forth.
3. PRINCIPLED ETHICS - These principle are derived from reason; relies upon rationality and obligates a
person to live consistently with what reason requires.
THE MORAL AGENTS

ETHICS
 Is A Systematic Approach to understand, analyse, and distinguish matters of right and wrong, good and
bad, commendable and unacceptable as they relate to the well – being of and the relationships among
responsive beings.
 Is applied through the use of methodologies, theories, principles, Codes of Conduct for Professionals and
Religions.
 is all about the “GOOD LIFE FOR THE GOOD PERSON.”
 this also refers to the principles that have VALUE for us to live by.

DIFFERENTIATE “VALUE” and “GOOD”


 VALUE pertains to the things that are necessary to achieve its intention. It is something of importance,
the more important, the more valuable; WHILE
 GOOD - If it has all the things and attributes needed, then it is GOOD. (objective and Universal)

MORALS
 Are detailed beliefs, principles, behaviours and ways resulting from undertaking or doing ethics.

 Is to live in a complete obligation to do good, as Man is absolutely and completely concerned to do good.

 This concerns the nature of conscience, the value, dignity and self-worth of a human person.

MORALITY
 Implies “how you treat yourself is as important as how you treat others”.
 This is toward yourself as well as toward others.
 If one allows oneself to any form of self-abuse, self - distraction, addiction, damage to oneself, then he
will not be able to be of assistance to other people who needs his help.

- Case Study; “BABY TERESA”

1.) Benefit Argument


 Parents where right: being alive was doing her no good
 Powerful reason for transplanting the organs
2.) Argument that we should not use people as means to others people’s end.
 Ethicists: oppose the transplant
- It is wrong to use people as means to others people’s ends.
– Violation of their autonomy
– the ability to decide for themselves how to live their own lives, according to their own desires and
values.
- person’s autonomy can be violated through manipulation, trickery or deceit
- two guidelines If one cannot decide for herself and others must do it for them:
a. What would be in their own best interest?
b. The persons own interest – “If she could tell us what she wants, what would she say?
3. Argument of wrongness of killing: It is wrong to kill one person to save another
 Exception to the rule: exceptions are justified
 Brain death is not acceptable –but reasonable since there is no hope for conscious life
 Therefore, the argument in transplanting Baby Theresa’s organs in stronger

lll. ACTIVITY :
Case Study: “ Baby Teresa “

lV. ASSESSMENT:
In-depth Analysis/Reflection 40%
Style of Presentation/Writing 10
Conciseness of personal opinion
Supported by facts/Numbers 30
Clarity of communication/
Information conveyed 20
Total 100%
====

V. SUGGESTED REFERENCES:
Aquinas, Thomas, Summa Theologiae. Vol 28, edited by Thomas Gilby, 5-97. New York: Black
Friars/ MCGraw Hill, 1966/.
Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics. Translated by Martin Oawald. Indianapolis: Bobbs_Merril
Educationl Publishing, 1983.
Friedman, Thomas. The Nexus and the Olive Tree: Understanding Globalization, 1st edition. New
York: Anchor Books, 2000.
Kant, Immanuel. Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals, Translated by James W. Ellinton.
Indianapolis: Hacket Publishing Co., 1993.
Kohlberg, Lawrence. Essays on Moral Development. Vol. 1 of the Philosophy of Moral
Development: Moral Stages and the idea of justice. San Francisco: harper and Row, 1981.
Quiz
1 - 2 Meaning of ethics in Greek word - ethika, and ethos
3 - 5 THREE BASIC TYPES OF ETHICAL THEORIES
6 - 8 Three Arguments in the case study
9 - 11 Three Major Areas Of Study Of Ethics
12 branch of philosophy called axiology
13 Ethics - Systematic Approach to understand, analyse, and distinguish matters of right and
wrong, good and bad
14 What is the name of the baby - “Teresa Person”
15 anencephalic infant

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