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NLP Notes

The document provides an overview of Natural Language Processing (NLP), defining key concepts such as chatbots, syntax, semantics, and text normalization. It explains terms like term frequency, stemming, and lemmatization, and discusses the differences between script-bots and smart-bots. Additionally, it lists various applications of NLP and outlines the components involved in the field.

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12 views3 pages

NLP Notes

The document provides an overview of Natural Language Processing (NLP), defining key concepts such as chatbots, syntax, semantics, and text normalization. It explains terms like term frequency, stemming, and lemmatization, and discusses the differences between script-bots and smart-bots. Additionally, it lists various applications of NLP and outlines the components involved in the field.

Uploaded by

kilowe3656
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING

Q. 1. What is a Chabot?
A. A chatbot is a computer program that's designed to simulate human
conversation through voice commands or text chats or both. Eg: Mitsuku Bot,
Clever Bot etc.
Q. 2. What is NLP (or) Define NLP.
A. Natural Language Processing is a domain of Artificial Intelligence that deals
with the interaction between computers and humans using the natural language
spoken and written by humans. The ultimate objective of NLP is to read, decipher,
understand and make sense of human language in a manner that is valuable. It
bridges the gap between human language and machine language.
Q. 3. What is Syntax and Semantics in NLP
A. Syntax: Syntax refers to the grammatical structure of a sentence.
Semantics: It refers to the meaning of the sentence.
Q. 4. What is the full form of TFIDF?
A. Term Frequency and Inverse Document Frequency
Q. 5. What is meant by a dictionary in NLP?
A. Dictionary in NLP means a list of all the unique words occurring in the corpus.
If some words are repeated in different documents, they are all written just once as
while creating the dictionary.
Q. 6. What is term frequency?
A. Term frequency is the frequency of a word in one document. Term frequency
can easily be found from the document vector table as in that table we mention the
frequency of each word of the vocabulary in each document.
Q. 7. Which package is used for Natural Language Processing in Python
programming?
A. Natural Language Toolkit (NLTK). NLTK is one of the leading platforms for
building Python programs that can work with human language data.
Q. 8. What is a document vector table?
A. Document Vector Table is used while implementing Bag of Words algorithm. In
a document vector table, the header row contains the vocabulary of the corpus and
other rows correspond to different documents. If the document contains a particular
word it is represented by 1 and absence of word is represented by 0 value.
Q. 9. What do you mean by corpus?
A. In Text Normalization, we undergo several steps to normalize the text to a lower
level. That is, we will be working on text from multiple documents and the term
used for the whole textual data from all the documents altogether is known as
corpus.
Q. 10. Differentiate between a script-bot and a smart-bot.
A.
Script-bot Smart-bot
A Scripted chatbot doesn’t carry even a Smart bots are built on NLP and ML.
glimpse of A.I.
Script bots are easy to make. Smart-bots are comparatively difficult to
make.
Script bot functioning is very limited as Smart-bots are flexible and powerful.
they are less powerful.
Script bots work around a script which Smart bots work on bigger databases
is programmed in them. and other resources directly.
No or little language processing skills NLP and ML skills are required.
Limited functionality. Wide functionality.

Q. 11. Define the following:


● Stemming
● Lemmatization
A. Stemming: Stemming is a rudimentary rule-based process of stripping the
suffixes (“ing”, “ly”, “es”, “s” etc) from a word. Stemming is a process of reducing
words to their word stem, base or root form (for example, books — book, looked
— look).
Lemmatization: Lemmatization is an organized & step by step procedure of
obtaining the root form of the word, it makes use of vocabulary (dictionary
importance of words) and morphological analysis (word structure and grammar
relations).
Q. 12. Mention some applications of Natural Language Processing.
A. Natural Language Processing Applications-
● Sentiment Analysis.
● Chatbots & Virtual Assistants.
● Text Classification.
● Text Extraction.
● Machine Translation
● Text Summarization
● Market Intelligence
● Auto-Correct
Q. 13. What is the need of text normalization in NLP?
A. Since we all know that the language of computers is Numerical, the very first
step that comes to our mind is to convert our language to numbers.
This conversion takes a few steps to happen. The first step to it is Text
Normalization. Since human languages are complex, we need to first of all
simplify them in order to make sure that the understanding becomes possible. Text
Normalization helps in cleaning up the textual data in such a way that it comes
down to a level where its complexity is lower than the actual data.
Q. 14. Explain the concept of Bag of Words.
A. Bag of Words is a Natural Language Processing model which helps in
extracting features out of the text which can be helpful in machine learning
algorithms. In bag of words, we get the occurrences of each word and construct the
vocabulary for the corpus. Bag of Words just creates a set of vectors containing the
count of word occurrences in the document (reviews). Bag of Words vectors are
easy to interpret.
Q. 15. What are the components of NLP?
A. The two components of NLP are:
(i) Natural Language Understanding (NLU)
(ii) Natural Language Generation (NLG)

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