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AEROSOLS II

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19 views17 pages

AEROSOLS II

Uploaded by

Shumaila Qadir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lecture by;

Prof. Dr. Amber Nawab


Chairperson(Pharmaceutics)
Faculty of Pharmacy
Jinnah University for Women.
 To study and learn the introduction of aerosol.
 To explain the characteristics of aerosols.
 To discus the advantages and disadvantages of aerosols.
 To describe the Components of aerosols.
 To discus the different containers and their properties.
 To describe the valve assembly and types of valves.
 To discuss the function of actuator and its types.
 To explain the systems of aerosols.
 Previous lecture comprises the Aerosol as dosage form which focuses
on;
 Introduction to aerosol as dosage form.
 Advantages and disadvantages of aerosol.
 Components of aerosol.
 Propellant in detail.
 Product concentrate.
CONTAINERS:
They must be able to with stand pressures as high as 140 to 180 psig (pounds per sq. inch
gauge) at 130 ° F.

1. Tin Plate container: Consist of sheet of that has been electroplated on both sides with tin.

2. Aluminum Containers:
➢ Greater resistance to corrosion
➢ Light weight
➢ Good for light sensitive drugs.
3. Stainless Steel Container:
➢ Limited for smaller size
➢ Extremely strong and resistant to moist materials
➢ Pressure stand

4. Glass Container:
➢ Available with plastic or without plastic coating
➢ Compatible with many additives
➢ No corrosion problems
➢ Can have various shape because of molding
➢ Not for light sensitive drug
 The most basic part of any aerosol is the valve mechanism through which the
contents of the package are emitted.
 Regulate the flow of product.
 Determines the performance of a pressurized package.
 Discharge the desired amount when needed & prevents loss at other times.
 Have major effect on the character of the dispensed product.
1. Continuous spray valve:
 Small hole about 0.013 t0 0.020 inches in
diameter is placed.
 Allow escape of small quantity of vaporized

propellant along with product.


 Gives greater dispersion.

 2. Foam valve
 Have Only one expansion orifice.

 A single expansion chamber serves as a delivery


nozzle.
 Permits immediate expansion of the pressurized
product to form the familiar ball of foam.
3. Metered valve:
 Used for pressurized metered-dose-inhalers.
 Contain a metering chamber.
 Determinant for drug dosing
 Have 25-100µL volume capacities
 These are specially designed buttons which helps in delivering
the drug in desired form i.e., spray, wet stream ,foam or solid
stream.
TYPES OF ACTUATORS:

 Spray actuators - used for topical preparation. It allows the


stream of product concentrate and propellant to pass through
various openings and dispense as spray.
 Foam actuators - consist of large orifice
 Solid steam actuators - required for dispensing semi solid
products such as ointments .
 Special actuators - used for a specific purpose. It delivers the
medicament to the appropriate site of action
 Solution system
 Water based system
 Suspension or Dispersion systems
 Intranasal aerosols
 Foam systems
1. Aqueous stable foams
2. Non aqueous stable foams
3. Quick-breaking foams
4. Thermal foams
SOLUTION SYSTEM
This system is also referred to as two phase system consists of vapor and liquid phase.
If active ingredient is soluble in propellant, no other solvent is required
WATER BASED SYSTEM
Large amounts of water can be used to replace all or part of the non aqueous solvents
used in aerosols. Produce spray or foam. To produce spray, formulation must consist of
dispersion of active ingredients and other solvents in emulsion system in which the
propellant is in the external phase.
They contain Dispersion of AI, aqueous vehicle, surfactant and propellant. Liquefied
propellant used as internal phase.
Aqueous stable foam : Active Ingredients (antiseptic), oil waxes O/W surfactant, Water
and Hydrocarbon propellant. As the amount of propellant increases, a stiffer and dryer
foam is produced.
▪ Lower propellant concentration yields wetter foam.
Non aqueous stable foam: These are prepared by using Glycols Emulsifying agent
used this type PEG Esters
Quick breaking foam: The product is dispensed as foam which then collapsed into
liquid. Useful for topical medication. External phase is propellant.
Thermal foams: Used to produce warm foam for shaving
 Active ingredient and suspending particle dispersed throughout the propellant and
solvent phase.
 Emulsion system:
 Suitable for topical aerosols.
 Two types of aerosols can formulated- O/W or W/O.
 If the product concentrate is dispersed throughout the propellant form W/O emulsion
and product is dispersed as wet stream.
 If the propellant is the in the internal phase form O/W emulsion and foam is emitted.
✓ The theory and practice of industrial pharmacy by Leon Lachman,A.lieberman.

✓ Allen LV, Popovich NG, Ansel HC. Ansel's Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug
Delivery Systems. 9th Ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2010
To be conTinue…

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