Name: ________________________

Cells Assessment
Class: ________________________

Date: ________________________

Time:

Marks: 43 marks

Comments:

Page 1 of 18
Q1.
Living organisms are made of cells.

(a) Animal and plant cells have several parts. Each part has a different function.

Draw one line from each cell part to the correct function of that part.

(3)

(b) The diagram below shows a cell from a plant leaf.

Which two parts in the diagram above are not found in an animal cell?

1. _________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 5 marks)

Page 2 of 18
Q2.
Cells are the building blocks of life.

(a) Draw one line from each type of organism to the diagram of one of its cells.

Type of organism Diagram of one cell

Animal

Bacterium

Plant

(3)

Page 3 of 18
(b) Cells contain structures. These structures have different functions.

Draw one line from each function to the correct structure.

Function Structure

Cell membrane

Contains genetic information

Cell wall

Controls what enters and

leaves a cell

Chloroplast

Where photosynthesis
happens

Nucleus
(3)

The figure below shows a diagram of muscle cells.

(d) Give one function of muscle cells.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(e) Explain how muscle cells are adapted for their function.

Use the figure above.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 9 marks)

Page 4 of 18
Q3.
This question is about organisation in living organisms.

(a) Write the biological structures from the box in the correct size order.

cell nucleus organ tissue

(3)

(b) Name one animal organ.

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(c) Which is a plant tissue?

Tick (✓) one box.

Flower

Leaf

Phloem

Root

(1)

Figure 1 shows part of a root viewed using a microscope.

Figure 1

Page 5 of 18
(d) Explain how a root hair cell is specialised for its function.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)

Figure 2 shows a microscope.

Figure 2

Page 6 of 18
 (e) It is easier to view the cells using the low power objective lens first.

Give one reason why.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(f) To focus the image the objective lens should be moved away from the stage.

Give one reason why the objective lens should not be moved towards the stage.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(g) Root hair cells do not contain chloroplasts.

Suggest one reason why.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)
(Total 10 marks)

Q4.
Human cells and yeast cells have some parts that are the same.

(a) The diagram shows a yeast cell.

Parts A and B are found in human cells and in yeast cells. On the diagram, label
parts A and B.
(2)

Page 7 of 18
 (b) Many types of cell can divide to form new cells.

Some cells in human skin can divide to make new skin cells.

Why do human skin cells need to divide?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(c) Human stem cells can develop into many different types of human cell.

(i) Use the correct answer from the box to complete the sentence.

embryos hair nerve cells

Human stem cells may come from

______________________________________________________________
(1)

(ii) Use the correct answer from the box to complete the sentence.

cystic fibrosis paralysis polydactyly

Human stem cells can be used to treat

______________________________________________________________
(1)
(Total 5 marks)

Q5.
The diagram shows a cell.

Page 8 of 18
 (a) (i) Use words from the box to name the structures labelled A and B .

cell membrane chloroplast cytoplasm nucleus

A ___________________________

B ___________________________
(2)

(ii) The cell in the diagram is an animal cell.

How can you tell it is an animal cell and not a plant cell?

Give two reasons.

1. ____________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

2. ____________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(2)

(b) Oxygen will diffuse into the cell in the diagram.

Why?

Use information from the diagram.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(c) The cell shown in the diagram is usually found with similar cells.

Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete the sentence.

an organ.

Scientists call a group of similar cells a system.

a tissue.
(1)
(Total 6 marks)

Q6.
Cells divide in a series of stages called the cell cycle.

Stage 2 of the cycle is mitosis.

The diagram below shows a simplified cell cycle for a human body cell.

Page 9 of 18
(a) Draw one line from each stage in the cell cycle to what happens during that stage.

Stage in the cell What happens during

cycle that stage

Stage 1 Nucleus divides

Stage 2 Cell divides into two

Copies of the DNA are

Stage 3
made
(2)

(b) The mass of DNA in a human body cell at the start of the cell cycle is 6 picograms.

What mass of DNA will be in each of the new cells produced by this cell division?

Tick one box.

3 picograms

6 picograms

9 picograms

12 picograms

(1)

Page 10 of 18
(c) Stem cells are undifferentiated cells.

Which statement about stem cells is correct?

Tick one box.

Animal stem cells are found in meristems

Animal stem cells divide by meiosis

Meristem cells in plants can differentiate throughout

the life of the plant

Meristem cells in plants can only differentiate into one

type of cell
(1)

Stem cells from human embryos can differentiate into most types of human cell.

Research is being done into the use of embryonic stem cells in medical treatments.

The long-term effects of using embryonic stem cells in patients are not well understood.

In therapeutic cloning, human embryos are produced using a donated human egg cell and
a cell from the patient.

• The embryo produced contains the same genetic information as the patient.

• Stem cells are taken from the embryo and stimulated to divide to form cells the
patient needs.

• The embryo is then destroyed.

(d) Suggest two advantages of therapeutic cloning.

1. _________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)

(e) Suggest two disadvantages of therapeutic cloning.

1. _________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)

Page 11 of 18
 (Total 8 marks)

Page 12 of 18
Mark schemes

Q1.

(a)
extra lines cancel
3

(b) Cell wall

in either order
1

Chloroplast
allow (permanent) vacuole
1
[5]

Q2.
(a)

Page 13 of 18
 do not accept more than one line from a box on the left
1
1
1

(b)

do not accept more than one line from a box on the left
1
1
1

(c) urea
must be in this order
1

glycogen
1

starch

Page 14 of 18
 1

cellulose
1

(d) any one from:

• (to cause) movement

• to contract / shorten
allow example of movement
ignore to relax / expand
ignore references to strength / energy / power
1

(e) (many) mitochondria

1

to transfer / release (a lot of) energy

allow (mitochondria) for respiration
do not accept to produce / make / create energy
ignore reference to the shape / strength of the
cells
1

(f)
1

(×) 40
do not accept if a unit is given
1
[15]

Q3.
(a) nucleus
cell
tissue
organ
all in correct order
allow 1 mark for each consecutive pair of
structures
3

(b) any one from:

• bladder
• brain
• heart
• (small or large) intestine
• kidney
• liver
• lung
• pancreas
• skin
• stomach
allow any organ found in an animal

Page 15 of 18
 ignore blood
1

(c) phloem
1

(d) large surface area

allow long

(so) it can absorb (a lot of) water / minerals / (mineral) ions

allow long
1
allow 1 mark for (many) mitochondria
allow for 2 marks (many) mitochondria for active
transport
1

(e) any one from:

• biggest / widest field of view

• easier to focus
1

(f) to avoid damage to lens / slide

ignore references to focussing
1

(g) (×)5
allow are underground
1

(h) any one from:

(root hair cells)
• are not exposed to light
• do not photosynthesise
allow are underground
1
[11]

Q4.
(a) A = nucleus
allow phonetic spelling
1

B = (cell) membrane
1

(b) for repair / growth or to replace cells

ignore new cells / skin
1

(c) (i) embryos

1

(ii) paralysis
1
[5]

Page 16 of 18
Q5.
(a) (i) A = nucleus
1

B = (cell) membrane
1

(ii) any two from:

ignore shape

• no (cell) wall

• no (large / permanent) vacuole

• no chloroplasts / chlorophyll
2

(b) because high to low oxygen / concentration or down gradient

allow ‘more / a lot of oxygen molecules outside’
ignore along / across gradient
1

(c) a tissue
1
[6]

Q6.
(a)

allow 1 mark for 1 or 2 correct

credit can be given where students have
matched the boxes correctly, for example
numbering the boxes
2

(b) 6 picograms
1

(c) meristem cells in plants can differentiate throughout the life of the plant
1

(d) any two from:

• may cure / treat diseases
or
cure medical conditions
or
produce replacement cells / tissues / organs
allow example e.g. diabetes / paralysis

Page 17 of 18
 allow cells can be stored for future use
ignore used in medical treatments
ignore patient makes / grows cells / tissues /
organs

• cells unlikely to be rejected by patient)

ignore same genetic information

• cells / tissues of any type can be produced

ignore differentiated into most types of cells

• many cells produced

• cells produced could be used for research

• would reduce waiting time for transplants

2
ignore references to cost
ignore all reference to producing babies / IVF

(e) any two from:

• (potential) life is killed / destroyed
allow embryo is killed
ignore embryo is destroyed
ignore embryo is a life / becomes a baby

• shortage of donors / eggs

• egg donation / collection has risks

• do not yet know risks / side effects of the procedure on the patient
ignore long term effects are not well understood
allow may cause tumours / cancer

• may transfer (viral) infection

• poor success rate

allow in terms of viable egg / embryo / cell /
tissue / organ production
2
ignore references to cost
ignore unethical unqualified
Ignore reference to religion / beliefs
[8]

Page 18 of 18