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Data Model and ER Diagram

The document discusses the significance of data models and business rules in data modeling, emphasizing their roles in ensuring data integrity and quality. It explains the entity-relationship model and its contribution to structured database design, along with the types of relationships and their connectivity. Additionally, it outlines the dependencies and cardinalities between various entities within a database context.

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29 views10 pages

Data Model and ER Diagram

The document discusses the significance of data models and business rules in data modeling, emphasizing their roles in ensuring data integrity and quality. It explains the entity-relationship model and its contribution to structured database design, along with the types of relationships and their connectivity. Additionally, it outlines the dependencies and cardinalities between various entities within a database context.

Uploaded by

charlie60031k
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. Discuss the importance of data models.

2. What is a business rule, and what is its purpose in data modeling?


3. How do you translate business rules into data model components?
4. Explain how the entity relationship (ER) model helped produce a more
structured relational database design environment.
5. Why is an object said to have greater semantic content than an entity?
6. What is a relationship, and what three types of relationships exist?
7. Give an example of each of the three types of relationships.
8. What is a table, and what role does it play in the relational model?
9. What is connectivity? (Use a Crow’s Foot ERD to illustrate connectivity.)
10. What is logical independence?
11. What is physical independence?

Please draw the diagram, take a picture, and upload to canvas as an


attachment.

12. Use the following business rules to create a Chen/Crow’s Foot ERD.
Write all appropriate connectivity and cardinalities in the ERD.
• A department employs many employees, but each employee is
employed by only one department.
• Some employees, known as “rovers,” are not assigned to any
department.
• A division operates many departments, but each department is operated
by only one division.
• An employee may be assigned many projects, and a project may have
many employees assigned to it.
• A project must have at least one employee assigned to it.
• One of the employees manages each department, and each department
is managed by only one employee.
• One of the employees runs each division, and each division is run by
only one employee.
1.data models are a com'munication tool, application are created to manage data and to help transform data into
information, but data is viewed in different ways by different people, a sound data environment requires an overall database
blueprint based on an appropriate data model.
2.a business rule is a brief, precise and unambiguous description of a policy, procedure, or principle within a specific
organization, they apply to any organization that stores and uses data to generate information. Business rules are used to
define entities , attributes, relationships , and constraints, they must be easy to understand and widely disseminated. In data
modeling, business rules play a vital role in shaping the structure and behavior of the databases, the purpose in data
modeling includes improving the data integrity and data quality, consistency, compliance and business logic
3.for example, the business rule “ a customer may generate many invoices” contains two nouns and a verbs that associates
the nouns, you could deduce the following: customer and invoice are objects of interest for the environment and should be
represented by their respective entities, there is a generate relationship between customer and invoice, the rule above is
complemented by the business rule “an invoice is generated by only one customer”.
4.database designers prefers to use a graphical tool in which entities and their relationships are pictured, the ER model was
developed to do just that, the relational data model and ERM combined to provide the foundation for tightly structured
database design.
5. For example, an entity could be “car”, refers to a general concept or thing, but an object could be “Mercedes Benz” , a
specific instance of a car, a specific instance or instantiation of that concept or thing.
6.a relationship is an association among entities. Three types of relationships exist one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-
many.
7.for example, “one-to-one” relationship could be “each employee may only have one record”, “one-to-many” relationship
could be “each department have many employees, but each employee belongs to only one department”, and “many-to-
many” relationship can be “students may enroll in multiple courses, and each course may have multiple students”
8.a table is a fundamental structure used to store data, it organizes data into rows and columns, where each row represents
a single records or instance of the entity being modeled, and each column represents a specific attributor characteristic of
that entity, tables are also referred to as relations in the relational model

9.there is three connectivity: 1.one-to-one connectivity, one-to-many connectivity, many-to-many connectivity

10.logical independence exists when you can change the internal model without affecting the conceptual model .
11.physical independence exists when. without affecting the internal model, you have physical independence
12.
13. The Jonesburgh County Basketball Conference (JCBC) is an
amateur basketball association. Each city in the county has one team
as its representative. Each team has a maximum of 12 players and a
minimum of 9 players. Each team also has up to three coaches
(offensive, defensive, and physical training coaches). During the
season, each team plays two games (home and visitor) against each
of the other teams. Given those conditions, do the following:

a. Identify the connectivity of each relationship.


b. Identify the type of dependency that exists between CITY and TEAM.

c. Identify the cardinality between teams and players and between teams
and city.
d. Identify the dependency between COACH and TEAM and between
TEAM and PLAYER.
e. Draw the Chen and Crow’s Foot ERDs to represent the JCBC database.

A. City-team connectivity: One-to-One, Team-Player connectivity: One-to-


Many, Team-Coach connectivity: One-to-Many, Team-Game connectivity:
Many-to-Many
B. The type of dependency between CITY and TEAm is “functional
Dependency”, each city has one team, so there is a functional relationship
between a city and its team.
C. Cardinality between teams and players is One-to-Many, one team can have
multiple players. The cardinality between teams and cities is One-to-One,
each city is represented by only one team
D. The dependency between coach and team is associative dependency, and
the dependency between Team and Player is functional dependency
E.
14. Write the business rules for the following diagram
14. Each department employs many faculties.
and one faculty chairs in each department ,and each department can only have one
chairperson.
Each faculty may teaches many class, each class can only have one faculty member.
One faculty can use many textbook, and one textbook belongs to each faculty.
Many textbooks are used in many classes.
Many students can enroll many classes, and each classes has many students.
Each department has many students, and each student can only have one major in each
department.
Each faculty is rated by many evaluations.
This diagram includes department information includes department name, office, department
code
Faculty information include their last name and first name, faculty ID and rank,
Student information include student ID, last name, first name, major and credits ,
Class information include department code, course code, class number, section, schedule,
and room ,
Textbook information include author, title, publisher and year,
Evaluation information includes date, rather, rating.
15. Write the business rules for the following diagram
https://diagram.alimb.us/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/how-to-do-er-diagram-
er-diagrams-examples-of-how-to-do-er-diagram.jpg
15.
Each patient is assigned to one room, and one room can
only have one patient,
In this diagram , some relationship information ,such as
medicine to patient connectivity and rooms to Nurse
connectivity is not clear.
Each patient attends to see one doctor, and each doctor
see one patient.
Each doctor is one employee,
Each nurse is one employee,
Each receptionist is one employee
One receptionist maintains many records
, each doctor is a permanent staff,
Each doctor is a trainee,
Each doctor is a visiting.
This diagram collect patient’s information, comprising
their names, sex, ID, address, post mails, date
discharged, data admitted and contact number.
Rooms information includes Rooms ID and period .
Medicine information include price, quantity and code,
Employee information include as their EID, salary,
address , sex, NID, History, contact number and E_name,
Record information includes appointment, patient_ID,
description, record number.

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