TECHNICAL METHODOLOGY FOR BASELINE SURVEY

1. Desk Review

 Review project documents, reports, and background literature.

 Identify key indicators related to Dalit rights, social discrimination, and access to
services.
 Develop a literature review summarizing findings on caste-based discrimination and
social inclusion.

2. Survey Design

 Define sampling strategy (sample size, target groups, and geographic coverage).
 Develop quantitative and qualitative data collection tools.
 Ensure tools align with the project’s objectives and indicators.
 Obtain approval from Parittran before data collection.

3. Data Collection Tools

 Household Surveys: Structured questionnaires capturing social discrimination, human

rights, dignity, and access to services.
 Key Informant Interviews (KIIs): Gather qualitative insights from local leaders,
government officials, and community representatives.
 Focus Group Discussions (FGDs): Engage Dalit women, farmers, and vulnerable
groups to understand socio-economic conditions.
 Observation Checklists: Assess physical and environmental conditions, including
access to essential services.

4. Data Collection Process

 Train enumerators on ethical considerations, consent-taking, and mobile data collection

using Kobo Toolbox or ODK.
 Conduct field surveys in Tala, Satkhira covering six unions.
 Ensure data validation through spot-checks and supervisor oversight.

5. Data Analysis

 Use statistical tools (SPSS/STATA) for quantitative analysis.

 Apply thematic analysis for qualitative data (KIIs & FGDs).
 Compare findings with baseline indicators and project benchmarks.

6. Reporting & Presentation

 Draft a detailed report covering methodology, findings, and recommendations.

 Develop PowerPoint slides summarizing key insights.
 Present findings to Parittran for validation and refinement.
  CHECKLIST FOR DATA COLLECTION
 General Requirements
 ✅ Enumerators trained on data collection ethics and survey methodology.
✅ Consent forms signed by all respondents.
✅ Data collection equipment (tablets, mobile devices) ready and tested.
✅ Coordination with local stakeholders for smooth survey execution.
 Household Survey
 ✅ Household demographics (age, gender, education, occupation).
✅ Social and religious discrimination experiences.
✅ Access to public/private services (healthcare, education, social safety nets).
✅ Economic conditions and employment status.
 Key Informant Interviews (KIIs)
 ✅ Selection of diverse informants (local leaders, officials, social workers).
✅ Insights on Dalit rights, policy gaps, and service accessibility.
✅ Challenges faced in implementing programs for marginalized communities.
 Focus Group Discussions (FGDs)
 ✅ Inclusion of Dalit women, youth, and elderly participants.
✅ Perceptions of caste-based discrimination and human rights.
✅ Discussion on livelihood opportunities and gender disparities.
 Environmental & Infrastructure Checklist
 ✅ Availability of clean water, sanitation, and housing conditions.
✅ Accessibility to education and healthcare facilities.
✅ Evidence of government and NGO support in the area.

1. Household Survey Questionnaire (For

Dalit Community Members)
A. General Information

1. Name of the respondent (Optional for confidentiality): __________

2. Gender: ☐ Male ☐ Female ☐ Other
3. Age: __________
4. Marital Status: ☐ Married ☐ Unmarried ☐ Widowed ☐ Divorced
5. Educational Level: ☐ No Education ☐ Primary ☐ Secondary ☐ Higher Education
6. Occupation: ☐ Agriculture ☐ Day Labor ☐ Domestic Work ☐ Business ☐ Other:
_______
7. Household Composition:
o Number of family members: _____
o Number of children: _____
o Number of elderly (above 60 years): _____

B. Socio-Economic Condition
 8. What is your household’s primary source of income?
☐ Agriculture ☐ Fishing ☐ Daily Wage ☐ Government Aid ☐ Business ☐ Other
9. Does your family own land? ☐ Yes ☐ No
10. Monthly Household Income: ☐ Less than 5000 BDT ☐ 5000-10000 BDT ☐ More than
10000 BDT
11. Do you receive any government aid (social safety net programs)? ☐ Yes ☐ No
12. If yes, which programs? ☐ Old Age Allowance ☐ Widow Allowance ☐ Disability
Allowance ☐ Others

C. Access to Services

13. Do you have access to healthcare services? ☐ Yes ☐ No

14. Do your children attend school? ☐ Yes ☐ No
15. If no, what are the barriers to education? ☐ Financial ☐ Discrimination ☐ Distance ☐
Other
16. Do you face any difficulties in accessing government services (health, legal aid,
education)? ☐ Yes ☐ No
17. If yes, what kind of difficulties? ☐ Caste Discrimination ☐ Financial Issues ☐ Lack of
Awareness

D. Social and Religious Discrimination

18. Have you or your family faced caste-based discrimination? ☐ Yes ☐ No

19. In which areas do you face discrimination? (Multiple responses allowed)
☐ Education ☐ Healthcare ☐ Employment ☐ Housing ☐ Social Events
20. Have you been denied a job due to caste identity? ☐ Yes ☐ No
21. Do you feel safe in your community? ☐ Yes ☐ No

E. Women’s Rights and Gender-Based Violence

22. Are women in your community involved in decision-making? ☐ Yes ☐ No

23. Do Dalit women face additional discrimination? ☐ Yes ☐ No
24. Have cases of gender-based violence (GBV) been reported in your area? ☐ Yes ☐ No
25. Are there support services available for GBV survivors? ☐ Yes ☐ No

F. Recommendations

26. What kind of support do you need most?

☐ Legal Aid ☐ Financial Support ☐ Education ☐ Healthcare ☐ Awareness Programs
27. Any additional comments or suggestions? ___________________________
2. Key Informant Interview (KII)
Questionnaire (For Local Leaders,
Government Officials, NGO Representatives,
BDP Members)
A. General Information

1. Name & Designation: ___________________________

2. Organization/Institution: ___________________________
3. Years of Experience: __________

B. Caste-Based Discrimination & Social Inclusion

4. Do you think caste-based discrimination exists in this area? ☐ Yes ☐ No

5. In what sectors do you observe discrimination?
☐ Education ☐ Employment ☐ Public Services ☐ Healthcare ☐ Housing
6. What government or NGO initiatives are in place to address discrimination?

C. Access to Services and Livelihood Opportunities

7. How accessible are government services to Dalit communities?

8. What are the biggest challenges Dalits face in economic participation?
9. Are there any microfinance or skill-development programs available for Dalits?

D. Gender & Women’s Rights

10. What are the major issues Dalit women face?

11. Are there any policies or programs for gender-based violence prevention?

E. Recommendations

12. What policy changes do you suggest to improve Dalit rights?

13. How can NGOs and the government work better to uplift Dalit communities?

3. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) Guide (For

Dalit Community Members: Women, Youth,
Elders, Farmers, and Vulnerable Groups)
Introduction

1. Explain the purpose of the discussion and obtain consent.

2. Introduce the facilitators and participants.

A. Understanding Social and Religious Discrimination

3. What types of discrimination do Dalit people face in this community?

4. How does caste-based discrimination affect daily life?

B. Human Rights & Legal Awareness

5. Are community members aware of their legal rights?

6. How do you seek justice when discrimination occurs?

C. Education and Employment

7. What are the major challenges Dalit children face in accessing education?
8. Do Dalit youth get fair job opportunities?

D. Women’s Empowerment & Gender Issues

9. What roles do Dalit women play in decision-making?

10. How common is gender-based violence, and what support exists?

E. Government & NGO Interventions

11. Have you received any support from NGOs or government programs?
12. What additional support do you need?

F. Recommendations for Future Programs

13. What should be done to improve the condition of Dalits in Bangladesh?

Detailed Data Collection Process for the Baseline Survey of the Promoting Rights
of Dalit in Bangladesh (PRDB) Project

The data collection process for the Baseline Survey involves multiple steps to ensure
accuracy, reliability, and ethical considerations while capturing essential information on Dalit
rights, caste-based discrimination, access to services, and socio-economic conditions. Below
is a step-by-step breakdown of the process.
1. Pre-Data Collection Preparations
A. Literature Review & Secondary Data Analysis

Before starting field data collection, a desk review of existing reports, policies, and studies on
Dalit communities is conducted. This helps to:
✔ Identify key indicators for baseline measurement.
✔ Understand previous research gaps and avoid duplication.
✔ Provide contextual insights to refine survey tools.

B. Designing Data Collection Tools

The data collection tools are tailored to capture both quantitative and qualitative data. These
tools include:
✔ Household Survey Questionnaire – Captures demographic, socio-economic, and
discrimination-related data.
✔ Key Informant Interviews (KII) – Collects expert insights from policymakers, government
officials, and NGO representatives.
✔ Focus Group Discussions (FGD) – Engages community members (women, youth, elders) to
explore social dynamics.
✔ Observation Checklists – Assesses infrastructure, access to services, and environmental
conditions.

Each tool is pre-tested with a small sample before final implementation.

2. Data Collection Process

A. Selection & Training of Enumerators

✔ Recruitment: Experienced field researchers and data collectors with knowledge of Dalit
issues and social science research.
✔ Training: Conduct a 2-3 day training program covering:

 Ethical considerations (informed consent, confidentiality).

 Data collection techniques (Kobo Toolbox, ODK for digital data collection).
 Cultural sensitivity and respectful engagement with respondents.
✔ Pre-Testing: Conduct a pilot survey with 10-15 respondents to refine survey
questions and address ambiguities.

B. Household Survey Data Collection (Quantitative Approach)

✔ Target randomly selected Dalit households in the project areas (Tala, Satkhira).
✔ Conduct face-to-face structured interviews using the digital survey platform (Kobo
Toolbox/ODK) to ensure:

 Real-time data entry and validation.

 Reduction of manual errors and missing values.
✔ Each interview takes 30-45 minutes covering:
 Demographics (age, gender, education, occupation).
 Economic conditions (income, job opportunities, access to financial aid).
 Discrimination (social, religious, workplace exclusion).
 Women’s rights and gender issues (GBV, empowerment, decision-making).

C. Key Informant Interviews (KII) – Qualitative Approach

✔ Identify 10-15 key stakeholders from different sectors:

 Government officials (social welfare, health, education).

 NGO representatives (working with Dalits and marginalized communities).
 Community leaders (religious figures, activists).
✔ Conduct semi-structured interviews (30-60 minutes) focusing on:
 Government and NGO efforts to support Dalits.
 Challenges in service delivery and policy gaps.
 Recommendations for strengthening Dalit rights.

D. Focus Group Discussions (FGD) – Community Insights

✔ Organize 6-8 FGDs with 8-12 participants per group.

✔ Include diverse groups: women, youth, elders, laborers, and social activists.
✔ Use open-ended discussions to explore:

 Caste-based discrimination experiences.

 Access to education, healthcare, and social safety nets.
 Economic challenges and employment barriers.
✔ Record discussions (with permission) for thematic analysis.

E. Observational Data Collection

✔ Assess physical and environmental conditions of Dalit communities.

✔ Record data on:

 Availability of clean water, sanitation, and healthcare facilities.

 Housing conditions and living environments.
 Accessibility of schools and government offices to Dalit families.
3. Data Quality Assurance
To ensure accuracy and consistency, multiple quality control measures are implemented:

✔ Daily Field Reports: Enumerators submit updates on survey progress, challenges, and
findings.
✔ Supervisor Spot Checks: Supervisors verify 10-15% of collected data through re-
interviews.
✔ Data Cleaning & Validation: Check for missing values, inconsistencies, and duplicate
entries.

4. Data Analysis and Reporting

A. Data Processing & Analysis

✔ Quantitative Analysis:

 Use SPSS/STATA/Excel for statistical analysis.

 Identify trends in education, income, discrimination, and social service access.
✔ Qualitative Analysis:
 Apply thematic coding for KII and FGD responses.
 Identify common challenges and policy recommendations.

B. Baseline Report Preparation

✔ The final report includes:

 Overview of data collection methods.

 Key findings from household surveys, KIIs, FGDs.
 Comparative analysis with existing data.
 Actionable recommendations for Parittran & stakeholders.

5. Data Dissemination & Validation

✔ Present preliminary findings to Parittran and stakeholders.
✔ Conduct a validation workshop with community representatives.
✔ Revise the report based on stakeholder feedback.
Ethical Considerations

To maintain ethical integrity, the following guidelines are strictly followed:

✔ Informed Consent: Respondents voluntarily participate after understanding the purpose of

the survey.
✔ Confidentiality: Personal data is anonymized to protect privacy.
✔ Cultural Sensitivity: Ensure respectful engagement with Dalit communities.