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Dengue Disease (RRL)

Dengue fever is a rapidly growing global public health issue, affecting over 100 countries with millions of reported cases annually. It is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes and can lead to severe health complications, including dengue hemorrhagic fever and shock syndrome. The spread of dengue is influenced by various biological, socio-cultural, and environmental factors, highlighting the need for improved public awareness and effective vector control measures.

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28 views2 pages

Dengue Disease (RRL)

Dengue fever is a rapidly growing global public health issue, affecting over 100 countries with millions of reported cases annually. It is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes and can lead to severe health complications, including dengue hemorrhagic fever and shock syndrome. The spread of dengue is influenced by various biological, socio-cultural, and environmental factors, highlighting the need for improved public awareness and effective vector control measures.

Uploaded by

James Marblake Cabanilla
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DENGUE DISEASE

Dengue fever (DF) is considered a global public health concern as it is the


fastest-growing vector-borne disease over the past five decades (more than
30-fold) in the world. The disease is caused by a single-stranded positive-
sense RNA virus, a member of the family Flaviviridae and genus Flavivirus.
(Seyed Hassan Nikookar 2023) Dengue fever is a major threat to the public health
worldwide affecting more than 100 countries, globally there were 5.2 million reported cases of
dengue fever in 2019. Dengue outbreaks are fuelled by factors such as the abundance of female
Aedes mosquitoes, host preference, bite frequency and environmental extent(Syed Ali Asad
Naqvi a 2024). In addition More than one-third of the worldwide populations are affected by
dengue fever and it is a public health problem, the first case of dengue was reported in 2004.
And in 2006 , large number of probable cases(Apsara Pandey 2023).Dengue is one of the
human epidemic arboviruses transmitted to humans by Aedes mosquitoes, in addition, human
transmission of dengue is currently endemic in more than 125 countries. Dengue viruses
infection can lead to a broad range of clinical presentations, varying from a mild flu-like illness
known dengue fever(DF) to a condition that pose risk to life known as dengue shock syndrome.
(Guilherme Calvet 2024). Mosquito fever is also transmitted by Aedes aegypti or Aedes
Albopictus mosquito bites, is categorized among the notifiable neglected tropical
diseases(Romeo Medesse Togan 2024).
The virus is transmitted to humans through female Aedes mosquitoes and is mainly present in
tropical and subtropical environments. Symptoms range from a mild fever to severe dengue
hemorrhagic fever and shock syndrome. The Ross- Macdonald model argues that effective
interventions for decreasing the transmission of dengue include reducing the adult mosquito
contact with humans. (Julia Crowley 2024). The virus is circulated through human-mosquito-
human cycles and spreads through the bites in addition , it may also spread from human to
human without carrier , in particularly through blood transmission Transplantation and needle
puncture injuries(wilder Smith et., 2019) due to the common symptoms of dengue infection
including high fever, rash, severe headache, joints, and muscle pain, it has also been known as a
“break-bone fever”.(Abbasi et.,2016). According to recent data , almost 100 million people
show clinical manifestations every year with nearly 20,000 deaths(WHO2020). The 3/4 of the
total burden was reported to be concentrated in the south east Asia and western pacific
regions. A recent study has reported that about 52% of southeast Asian people were found to
be at risk of contracting dengue fever(Hossain et al.,2021). According to WHO,in the last
decades , the number of dengue cases reported has increased from 505,403 cases in 2000 to
more than 4.2 million in 2019(Garcia et al.,2023).

Knowledge,Attitude, and Practices,(KAP)

The lack of knowledge regarding dengue infection has been considered as one of the main
problems in dengue epidemiology(Lian et al..,2006). According to a study conducted in
Malaysia, a lack of awareness about dengue transmission and prevention strategies can
enhance the risk of infection(Nguyen et al., 2019).

Different biological and socio-cultural factors have been found responsible for the spread of
dengue infection in an area. The literature counts various factors including age, blood group,
sex, genetic polymorphism, co-morbidities, urbanization, stagnant water, geographic location,
among others(Liu et al.,2018). On the other hand , season and climate parameters like
temperature, humidity, and rainfall also plays an indirect role on dengue transmission. However
aedes mosquitoes have unique affinity to certain types of containers for breeding. Previous
study found that discarded tires, plastic buckets, plastic drums, and coconut shells around
houses were preferred for aedes larvae production.(Rahman et al.,2021). Factor based on the
good awareness of knowledge of dengue prevention measures are also responsible for drastic
reductions in dengue transmission(Abir et al.,2021). Thus evaluating people’s knowledge,
attitude, and practices is of great importance for strengthening integrated control, measures,
which remain understudied. As there has been no effective vaccine approved so far, vector
control and preventing mosquito bites through community empowerment and engagement is
an effective option for prevention(Rahman at el., 2021b)

Different biological and socio-cultural factors have been found responsible for
the spread of dengue infection in an area. The literature counts various factors
including age, blood group, female sex, genetic polymorphism, co-morbidities,
urbanization, stagnant water, geographic location, among others (Liu et al.,
2018).

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