FRAMO

COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 2 of 38

Introduction
Why Framo Submerged-
1 Cargo Pumps?
Hydraulic Power Transmission
Main Components
Hydraulic Circuit Open System
Hydraulic Circuit Closed System.
2 A4V-Systems
A2V-Systems
Step Control System

Hydraulic Oil and Filtration

3
Framo Oil Monitoring.

Control Valve
4
Service Valve

Cargo Pumps
5
Purging Routine

Important Rules for Your –

Cargo Operation
6 Stripping Procedure
Pumping Theory
Evaluation of Cargo Pump
Portable Pumps
Submerged Ballast Pumps
Tank Cleaning Pumps:
7 SD 100/125/150 W5
MA-Pumps
Framo Cargo Heaters
Bow Thruster

8 Planned Maintenance
 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 3 of 38

Section 1
 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 4 of 38

INTRODUCTION

History/Facts:

• Founded in 1938
• Located outside Bergen, Norway
• The Submerged cargo pumps were developed in the sixties, in close co-
operation with major chemical tanker operators.
• First vessel with Framo Submerged Cargo
• Pump-1969
• Per Jan 2012
• 3500 ships/systems delivered in total
• 3100 “Framo” ships in operation
• More than 55.000 cargo pumps delivered
• More than 49.000 cargo pumps in operation
• Approx. 1460 employees worldwide

Frank Mohn is today the leading supplier of submerged cargo pumps to the world ‘s
tanker market
 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 5 of 38

ONE SUPPLIER, ONE RESPONSIBILITY

Frank Mohn As provides

• Complete system design: prime mover, cargo pumps, pipes, fittings and
control systems.
• Manufacturing and assembling at specialised plant (Frank Mohn Fusa).
• Extensive testing of all system components before delivery.
• Supervision during design and installation
• After sales services and spare depot in Bergen, Rotterdam, Houston,
Singapore Pusan, Tokyo, Shanghai, Rio de Janeiro and Dubai with
dedicated personnel
• Training.

Chemical Tankers

More than 200 individual chemicals are traded on a sea born basis today.
 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 6 of 38

The Framo Pumping System is designed to handle all these types of liquids:

• Corrosive
• Heated and cooled
• Volatile and viscous
• Petro –chemicals
• Acids
• Alcohol
• Edible
• Molasses
• Petroleum products

PRODUCT TANKERS

• To improve the utilisation, rate a modern double hull product tanker needs the
flexibility to alternate between several different type of products.

• The concept of one hydraulic driven cargo pump in each cargo tank has proven
to be superior to other systems.
 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 7 of 38

 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 8 of 38

One Cargo pump in each tank

INCREASED YEARLY
TRANSPORTATION VOLUME….

 Increased cargo capacity

No pump room-more volume for cargo.
 Increased discharge capacity
No suction piping –no suction losses.
 Faster crude oil washing and tank cleaning
Clean cargo tank-surface-no in- tank pipes or valves
Cargo pump capacity match tank cleaning machines
 Quicker stripping
Built-in stripping device –no extra system required
 Less slop
No suction lines to be cleaned.

….AND AT LOWER COST

 Hydraulic drive with stepless speed control

 Energy saving with automatic load control valve
 High flexibility –total segregation
 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 9 of 38

Section 2
Variable System
 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 10 of 38

Variable System- Swash Plate Design

 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 11 of 38

 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 12 of 38

Section 3
 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 13 of 38

Service Bulletin
MAKE YOU UP TO DATE WITH LATEST NEWS FROM FRANK MOHN SERVICES

Oil Cleanliness-Filtration
Main Key to achieve a long lasting well-functioning cargo pumping plant and
improvement of the total economy

• Oil sampling every 3rdmonth

• Particle counting ISO 4406

• Never mix, the hydr. oil with other

brands of lub. oil

• Pressure drops over the filter

combined with particle counting is the
only safe indicator when to change
the filter elements

• New filters with bigger dirt-capacity

give long service and improved
economy

• Cheap –non original filters are always

costly in the end.

.
 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 14 of 38

DEAR CUSTOMER
In this Service bulletin we will highlight the hydraulic oil and the filtration.
As we all know the cleanliness of the oil as well as the general oil condition is very
important for the lifetime of the system.
The practical life has shown that some of the: FRAMO ships” are sailing around with far
too high particle level in the hydraulic oil.
Our recommended maximum level of particulars in the system is:
ISO 4406 code 16/12:1999
This means:
Number of particles per ml ≥ 6µm: max 640
Number of particles per ml ≥ 14µm: max 40
With FRAMO original filter element this cleanliness level should not be of any problem to
maintain.

Nevertheless, we have found shills sailing around with more than 2-3 thousand particles
per ml between 5-15µm

This is very costly in the end and we therefore strongly advise you to pay attention to
the filtration and the cleanliness of the hydraulic oil.

As you know the hydraulic oil has four main functions in the system:
1. Transmit the power from the aggregates to the different consumers.
2. Lubrication of all moving parts.
3. Transfer all produced heat back to the cooler.
4. Transfer all dirt back to the filter.

Do not play around with non FRAMO oil filter elements.

Be aware of the following important filter specifications:

1. The filter Beta Ration (β)

Normal FRAMO filters have a Beta Ration= β 12 ≥75

This means if 75 particles of 12 µm or bigger come into the filter only one passes
through. In other words, the Beta Ration is the filter ‘s ability to stop the particles, i.e.

β = Particles in / Particles out

 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 15 of 38

2. The filter dirt capacity

Filter with higher dirt capacity gives longer service intervals and improved economy.

Particles counting combined with pressure drop over the filter is the only safe indicator
when to change the filter element.

FRAMO offices in Bergen, Rotterdam Houston and Singapore can offer hydr. Oil
monitoring and particle counting.

It is essential that the oil sampling is provided regularly, from the same highlighted
sampling point, and in an absolutely clean sampling bottle

FRAMO system designed before June 1983 are using ISO VG32 oil and systems
designed after June 1983 are using ISO VG46 oil.

For the VG46 oil, FRAMO filter element ID no.109637, was replaced in 1992 by ID
no.3025780 with approx...3 times bigger dirt capacity than the old type. The new
element fits into the old filter box.

In addition to the particle counting the oil analysis shall as a minimum give the following
information:
TEST METHOD
Specific gravity …………… ASTM D 1298
Flash point ……………….... ASTM D 92
Viscosity cst at 40C …….... ASTM D 445
Viscosity cst at 100C …….... ASTM D 445
TAN (total acid No.) mgKOH/g…. ASMT D 664
Water % ………………… ASTM D 95
Zinc PPM
Phosphor PPM
Chlorides PPM
Calcium PPM
General acceptance, criteria cannot be given as they will vary for different oils, but the
following can be said:

Water ………………………. Max 0.03% or 300 ppm

Zinc ………………………… Max reduction 25% of original value
Phosphor…………………. Max reduction 25% of original value
Chlorides ……………........ Max 25ppm
Calcium …………………. Depends on type of oil
Viscosity 400C VG46 Oil / VG32 Oil. Min 38 cSt / Min 28,8 cSt
Viscosity 1000 C VG46 Oil / VG32 Oil. Min 6, 2 cSt / Min 5 cSt

For the rest of the analyse, the oil company will inform if the oil is fit for further use
 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 16 of 38

Factors affecting the lifetime of the oil are:

Specific gravity: A significant change indicates mixing with another liquid.

Flash point: A significant change indicates mixing with another liquid.

Viscosity: Reduced viscosity indicates:

- Insufficient shear stability
- Mixing with another liquid

Increased viscosity indicates:

- Excessive oxidation
- Mixing with another liquid
If the viscosity drops below one of the minimum values mentioned above (Viscosity
@40°C or 100°C), the viscosity is below acceptable limits. If the rest of the analysis
values are acceptable, replenish with ISO VG68 or if necessary VG100 oil of the same
type as in the system. The viscosity after replenishing should be above 41.4 cSt at 40°C
for VG 46 oil and above 32,0 cSt at 400C for VG 32 oil.

Tan: Critical values depends on the oil used and must be informed by the oil
supplier.
Water: High water content will:
-Increases wear in the system.
-Increase corrosion in the system
-Damage the additive package causing clogged filters for some types of
hydraulic oils. If the water exceeds 0.03%, it has to be removed.
Centrifugal separators are not permitted used at it can damage the additive
Package.
Contact Frank Mohan Services .AS for help.

Chlorides: Chlorides have the same effect as water. In addition, it will accelerate
corrosion in the system.

Calcium: A certain amount of calcium is a natural part of the additive package in some
hydraulic oils. An increase in the calcium level indicates mixing with another type of oil
(for e.g., Motor oil). Calcium added to the oil this way can damage the normal additive
package of the hydraulic oil causing a total breakdown of the system.
Zinc and Phosphor: This is for most hydraulic oils the normal Antiwear additive for the
oil and should be monitored carefully. A decreased level will cause increased wear in
the system. At a decrease of 25% of the values for new oil, counter measures such as:
- Replenish with normal fresh oil or
- Replenish with new oil specially blended with a higher level of Antiwear
additives should be taken.
If any further information is needed, please contact FRAMO Service offices world-wide!
 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 17 of 38

Trade names 1) and general specification for hydraulic oils for use on Framo
hydraulic system designed after 6-83
Company Trade name General Specification
ANTAR VISGA 46* Hydraulic oil to be used on
Framo hydraulic system must
BP ENERGOL SHF HV 46* meet the following
specification unless a different
CASTROL HYSPIN AWH-M 46* specification is received in
writing from Frank Mohn AS.

EXXONMOBI DTE 25 1. DIN 51524 part 2 for anti-

DTE 15 M * wear hydraulic oils type HLP.
DTE 10 EXCEL 46*
FAMM RANDO OIL HD 46 2. Sperry Vickers 35VQ25
RANDO OIL HD Z 46* A11xx20 test as described in
Sperry Vickers form M-2952-S
SHELL TELLUS 46
TELLUS T 46* 3. FZG A/8, 3/90 test, load
stage 10 according to DIN
TOTAL VISGA 46* 51354 part 2.

GULF OIL MARINE GULFSEA HYDRAULIC HVI 4. Viscosity ISO VG 46.

PLUS 46 * According to ISO 3348.

5. Viscosity index. Min.95.

According to ISO 3448.
If high VI oil is to be used, we
recommend an oil viscosity for
initial filling of 50-55 cSt at
40C.If necessary, by mixing
with an ISO VG 68 oil.

6. Pour point, Max-26C.

According to DIN 51597.
If another hydraulic oil is intended used, Frank Mohn AS must be contacted for
comments.
Mixing of the different hydraulic oils should be avoided.
If different hydraulic oils have to be mixed the oil companies in question must run a
compatibility test and guarantee the compatibility prior to mixing.
Formulation of different oils is a continuously changing process. The oils listed here
are according to information available to Frank Mohn A/S meeting general
specification stated in this paper. It is however the responsibility of each oil
company to specify hydraulic oils meeting this specification.
Rebranded oil is not acceptable.
• High viscosity index oils (vi >140)
Note: High V.I oils are only required for low temperature applications
 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 18 of 38

REPLACEMENT OF FRAMO FILTER ELEMENTS

1. Stop power packs and jockey pump.

2. Close main return line valve

3. Open the drain plug and drain the oil in the filter chamber. Have new elements
with O-rings for replacement. Filter can be installed in both directions

4. Dismantle end cover/bypass unit and remove the filter elements.

There will be leakage of approx. 0.3 Lt/min coming into filter box.
This oil is flowing through the bearing flushing lines for the hydraulic pumps and
into the filter box.
The leakage can be stopped by closing the bearing flushing service valves. (One
¼ ball valve for each hydraulic pump located behind the pumps)
It is not recommended to close these valves for normal filter replacement, but
prepare the job quick filter change.

5. Install the new filter element and end cover/bypass unit. Put the arm into element
during installation to fit the element into position.

NOTE: CONTAMINATED FILTER ELEMENT IS NOT CLEANABLE

 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 19 of 38

6. Note: Check that bearing flushing valves are open.

7. Start the jockey pump.

8. Run the jockey pump a few minutes (the filter house is

self-venting) before you start the power packs.

9. Open the main return line valve and power unit can be started
 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 20 of 38

1. Stop all power packs. Keep one feed pump running.

2. Close main return line valves (The oil by-passes filter unit)

3. Open drain valve and venting plug. The oil in the filter chamber drains to tank.

4. Dismantle end cover and remove the filter elements.

Note: Filter elements is not cleanable
5. Install the new filter elements and end cover (Ensure that O-rings are in place
and not damaged)
6. Close the drain valve. Open main return line valve. For titled filters, close vent
plugs and open venting valve (in addition)

7. When filter house and return pipes are completely filled with oil, close the vent
plug or vent valve for titled filters.

8. Open main suction valve.

 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 21 of 38

Section 4
 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 22 of 38

 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 23 of 38

 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 24 of 38

 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 25 of 38

 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 26 of 38

Section 5
 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 27 of 38

5 Precautions to be taken when handling special types of cargoes

The main rule is to have the cofferdam clean, dry and vented to atmosphere through the
exhaust trap vent line, in order to detect leakages easily. However, when handling certain
groups of cargoes, it may be an advantage to fill the cofferdam with liquid to improve the
seal lifetime and to avoid solidifying cargo blocking the cofferdam. Recommended type
of liquid to be filled into the cofferdam for some groups of cargoes is given below.
This is a general advice, only experience can define which liquid gives the best result for
the great number of different types of cargoes.

Acid cargoes:

After discharging and purging is finished, it may be an advantage to circulate fresh

water through the cofferdam to remove all residues after a leakage.

Polymerising Cargoes (TDI, MDI)

Fill cofferdam with dioctyl phthalate (DOP) to limit the risk of blocking the cofferdam.

Crystallizing Cargoes (molasses, etc)

Fill cofferdam with fresh water. The cofferdam may also be arranged with a small water
circulation.
 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 28 of 38

 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 29 of 38

Solidifying Cargoes (in cargo tanks with heating coils):

To prevent the cargo to get solid (freeze) inside the suction well, circulate the cargo at
intervals by starting the cargo pump.

Phenol, caustic soda etc:

A circulation of hot water through the cofferdam can avoid clogging.
Note! Remember that some of these types of cargoes are very hazardous.

Heated oil products (fuel oil, crude oil)

Fill cofferdam with diesel oil/white spirit to keep any leakage into cofferdam in liquid
form. (This is especially important after stripping and during tank cleaning)

Filling:
To fill liquid in the cofferdam, disconnect the exhaust trap piping from the pump top
plate. Using a suitable adapter, fill the liquid through the cofferdam check pipe. Open
the purging connection to ventilate the cofferdam during filling. (Connect an open
female coupling or similar)

Circulation:
A circulation of liquid through the cofferdam can be arranged in the following way:
• Connect liquid supply to the purging connection.
The supply line must also be equipped with a valve to regulate the liquid flow.
• Open drain valve on the exhaust trap, and collect the return liquid here.

Note:
When filling or circulating liquid in the cofferdam, it is important that the hydraulic oil
return pressure always is higher than the pressure in the cofferdam. This is especially
important on hydraulic systems with non-pressurised return line.
 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 30 of 38

 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 31 of 38

Section 6
 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 32 of 38

 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 33 of 38

 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 34 of 38

Section 7
 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 35 of 38

 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 36 of 38

General

For all ships trading world-wide, it will in the near future be required to have an approved
Quality Assurance System – ISO 9002 on board

An important part of your ship’s QA System will be a Planned Maintenance System for
all the equipment on board, i.e., job specification, carried out by, approved by, inspection
intervals as well as a separate record book for logging of results.

There is no doubt that a properly maintained system will reduce operation costs and
obtain a safe and sound ship.

Planned Maintenance System for Framo Cargo Pumping System

Approximately 1200 ships are today equipped with Framo Cargo Pumping System. Some
of them have already on approved Quality Assurance System on board, but the majority
will have to develop and implement a QA System in the near future.

To give these <<Framo Ships>> some guidance, we have in this Service Bulletin
proposed a basic Planned Maintenance System on the next pages. The equipment on
board, as well as the type of ship and trade may differ from ship to ship - our proposal is
therefore to be understood as guidance only.

Explanation to the following basic Planned Maintenance System

• Equipment: is the main components in your specific Framo Cargo
Pumping System.
• Job Specifications: specifies the various activities.
Note! A visual inspection of the cargo pump’s top plate
means visual control of local control calve, purging valve,
ball valve, pressure gauge, et cetera. Repair when
necessary.
• Drawing No: Refer to the drawing in the Framo Service Manual
• Maintenance instruction: Refer to Framo Service Manual
• Carried out by/Approved by: Can vary from ship to ship, but it is a must that
the responsibilities are clearly defined
• Inspection intervals: Can vary according to type of ship and trade and your
• own experience
 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 37 of 38

Section 8
 COURSE HANDOUT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FRAMO CARGO
PUMPING SYSTEM

FRAMO Rev No: 0 Prep by: RY Appr by: BK Date: Page: 38 of 38

8 Rules for Portable Pump

1. Reduce system pressure to minimum, stop powerpacks

2. Always connect the Snap-On coupling to the return side first
3. The connect the pressure side in the same way
4. Be sure that the Snap-On couplings are secured by means of locking ring-
and that the locking screw on the starting head (flow control valve) is
secured
5. Start the pump slowly and run it on deck for about 30 sec. to make sure
that oil flow is free and the pump runs normal- flush the seal area with
water
6. Never hook-up the portable pump to the main system without using a flow
control valve for speed control of the portable pump
7. Lower the portable pump into the cargo tank by means of a sling and
never by the hoses.
8. Before storing pump; drain 0,5 ltr. hydr. Oil from the hoses