ISBN 978-0-626-19950-0

SANS 1973-3:2008
Edition 1

SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear

ASSEMBLIES

Part 3: Safety of ASSEMBLIES with a rated

prospective short-circuit current of up to and
including 10 kA

Published by Standards South Africi:'

i a~ lategar, road groenkioof lS: orivate bag x191 pretoria 000 ..
tel: 0'i2 4287911 fax: 0123441568 international code + 2712
wwv.·.stansa.co.za
 SANS 1973-3:2008
Edition 1

Contents
Page

Foreword

Introduction

1 Scope ........................................................................... ,......................................................... 3

2 Normative references .......................................................... " ............ " ............ ,...................... 3

3 Definitions ........................................... ,............................................................................... ,.. 4

4 Requirements......................................................................................................................... 4

5 Routine tests ..................................................................................................... ,.................... 8

5.1 Inspection of the ASSEMBLy....................... ........ .................................. ................. ..... 8

5.2 Dielectric test ................................................................................................... "...... 9
5.3 Routine Test Certificate................................................................................................. 10

Annex A (informative) Selection of components ................................................................... 12

Annex B (i nformative) Notes to purchasers............ ........... .... ............................. .......... ......... 14

Annex C (i nformative) Explanation of IP ratings .................................................................... 16

Annex D (informative) Prospective short-circuit currents .................................................. ..... 17

Annex E (informative) Routine Test Certificate .. ,.......................................................... ,........ 18

Bibliography ............ ................................ ,........ .............. ....... ....... ........... ......... ....... ...... ............. 22
 SANS 1973-3:2008
Edition 1

Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear ASSEMBLI

Part 3:
Safety of ASSEMBLIES with a rated prospective short-circuit current of up
and including 10 kA

1 Scope
1.1 This of SANS 1973 is to low-voltage and controlgear ASSEMBLIES
that

a) have a rated short-circuit current of up to and including 10

b) are or movable,

c) have a rated voltage not eX(;eE;d 1 000 V a.c. at frequencies not exceeding 50 Hz, or 1 500 V
d.c.,

d) are intended for use in connection with the generation, transmission, distribution and conversion
of electric energy and for the control of electric energy consuming equipment, and

are designed for use under normal conditions but excluding the use in '::::AI-"'U;:" atmospheres
where special requirements apply.

1.2 This standard is not applicable to Individual devices or enclosed such as motor
fuse switches and electronic equipment, which have to comply with the relevant standards.

2 Normative references
The referenced documents are of this document. For
dated only the edition cited the latest edition of the
referenced document any Information on currently valid national
and international standards can be obtained from Standards South Africa

I::C 60695-2-10, =ire hazara - .='ar. 2-1 oased reST metnoc::: - GIOW-WITC?
and common test nFr,,.O.'-'1

SANS 10142-' 2006. The 0" Drerrllse:;. - Pc;,"t 7' r insraliarions

SANS 60439-1/1::C and ASS::MBLES - Part 1.

ano'
SANS 1973-3:2008
Edition 1

SANS 60529/1EC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (JP Code).

SANS 60947-2:2007/IEC 60947-2:2006, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 2: Circuit­

breakers.

3 Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following definitions apply.

3.1
ASSEMBLY
distribution board
combination of one or more low-voltage . switching devices together with associated control,
measuring, signalling, protective and regulating equipment, etc., completely assembled under the
responsibility of the manufacturer with all the internal electrical and mechanical interconnections
and structural parts

3.2
fault-free zone
zone in distribution board or section of a distribution board that comprises the conductors (including
distribution busbars) between the main busbars and the supply side of functional units, in which,
under normal operating conditions, the occurrence of a short-circuit fault is only a remote possibility
because of the reduced short-circuit stresses that occur on the load side of the prospective short­
circuit protective device

3.3
pollution degree
conventional number based on the amount of conductive or hygroscopic dust, ionized gas or salt,
and on the relative humidity and its frequency of occurrence resulting in hygroscopic absorption or
condensation of moisture , leading to reduction in dielectric strength or surface resistivity , or both

NOTE Applies to polution in the case of environmental conditions.

3.4
series-connected (cascaded) system
association between a switching device and a short-circuit protective device (SCPO) such that the
switching device is protected under all conditions of short-circuit up to the interruption capacity
rating of the SCPO

4 Requirements

4.1 Information regarding the ASSEMBLY

Multiphase ASSEMBLIES for use above 125 A shall be fitted with a nameplate and shall bear, as a
minimum, the following Information:

a) the name of the manufacturer;

b) tne rated oDerational voltages (Ufo ':

c) the rated cu rrent of the ASSEMBLY (In ):

d\ the I::; ,atlnQ . if raied above IP2X

 SANS 1973-3 :2008
1

NOTE The manufacturer is deemed to be the "H7::tt.r,n that takes responsibility for the ,..."".,.,,,I,,,t,,,
ASSEMBLY.

Electrical characteristics of ASSEMBLI

4.2.1 The ASSEMBLY shall be controlled by a switch-disconnector or a circuit-breaker that

complies with the isolating for a disconnector.

Effective means shall be nrr""r,,,,,n on all eXI:Jo~;ed conductive surfaces to ensure electrical
continuity of below 0,1 n.

4.2.3 When electrical is panel of an ASSEMBLY, such door

or shall be connected to the earth conductor by a flexible conductor of cross-
sectional area at least 4 mm 2 . Metal hinges are considered sufficient to ensure continuity for doors
with no electrical components fitted to them.

4.2.4 The cross-sectional area of the protective conductor in column 2 of table 1 shall be not less
than the value in column 1 with a minimum cross-sectional area of 16 in the
case rated busbar currents exceeding 125 A.

Table 1 ­ Cross-sectional areas of protective conductor

1 2
Cross-sectional area Minimum cross-sectional area
of conductor of the
S conductor

S< 16 S
16 < S.;:: 35 16
S!2

S!4

4.2.5 In the absence of the minimum creepage distance being in the relevant product
standard for a (components), the minimum creepage distance between and
between each and earth shall be 16 mm.

4.2.6 The of pollution for switching devices and components fitted inside an enclosure are
as follows

Pollution degree '1. No pollution, or dry, non-conductive pollution occurs

Pollution aegree 2 Normally non-conductive polution occurs. however, ;:.

temoorary conouctivity causeo by condensation can be eXDecteC.

Pollution aegree 3 Conductive pollution occurs or dry, non-conductive o:.:curs. whicr.

becomes conductive due to condensation

POilutlC;> Tne poliu~ion conductivity causec. tor

conductive dust or Dy ,ain or snow.
SANS 1973·3:2008
Edition 1

4.2.7 In the absence of the minimum clearance distance being specified in the relevant product
standard, the minimum clearance distance between phases and between each phase and earth
shall be 8 mm.

4.2.8 The dielectric strength for power and control circuits shall be verified in accordance with 5.2.

4.2.9 Requirements for switching devices and other components incorporated in ASSEMBLIES
shall comply with the relevant safety standards in table 4.2, column 3, of SANS 10142-1:2006.

NOTE 1 Guidance to the manufacturer on the selection of suitable components is given in annex A.

NOTE 2 Information that should be supplied by the purchaser to enable the supplier to offer suitable
equipment, is given in annex B.

4.3 Busbar and wiring systems

4.3.1 The current density of phase busbars shall not exceed 2,0 Almm 2 for busbar currents up to
and including 630 A, and 1,6 Almm 2 for busbar currents that exceed 630 A,

4.3.2 The size and design of the busbar system shall be rated for the prospective short-circuit
current that could occur at the supply terminals of the ASSEMBLY.

4.3.3 Standard colour coding, Le. red, yellow, blue, or numbering L 1, L2 and L3, shall be used to
identify phase busbars. Green/yellow shall be used for the earthing busbar and black for the neutral
busbar.

4.3.4 If colour is used for control wire coding, any colour may be used except green/yellow, green
or black.

4.3.5 The rated current (In) of a circuit shall be stated by the manufacturer, taking into consideration
the ratings of the components of the electrical equipment installed within the ASSEMBLY, their
disposition and application. Electrical equipment shall be selected in accordance with the
manufacturer's technical and installation instructions for enclosed ASSEMBLIES.

4.3.6 The power loss heat dissipation capability of the ASSEMBLY shall not be exceeded. Specific
consideration shall be given to the component power losses, dimensional requirements and
ventilation of the ASSEMBLY and de-rating of enclosed components.

4.3.7 In the case of a multiphase distribution board, the neutral busbar or conductor shall be at
least 50 % of the cross-sectional area of the phase busbar or conductor provided that the particular
application permits such a reduction. Where necessary, the effect of harmonic currents shall be
taken into account.

4.3.8 The dimensions of the busbar jointing plates (flshplates) shall be similar to tnose of the
bus bar and the overlap on eacn side shali be at ieast equal to the width of the bUSDar.

4.3.9 Conductors installed within a fault-free zone should oreferabl:' be of solid rigid manufa::ture
If i: ::anno: be snow" Dy ::ai:uiatloi, o~ from tne Gomoonent manufacrure:s tecnniGa: Information tna:
a Gable of smalle, cross-sectional area can De instalied between tne busbar and tne functional unirs.
a cable with a minimum cross-sectlonai area of 10 mm 2 shal: be used. .

L. .~.1 C Condu:tors Instaliec witnin a faul::-tree zone shall be ooubie inSUlated v.rnere they ::OUl0
touch conductin2 Darts. Flexible :ondu:::tors shall be Diaced at intervals of c:t least 3ClC m;7..
 SANS 1 :2008
Edition 1

4.4 Series-connected (cascaded)

shall be fully rated to withstand the short-circuit current that could occur at
the point of installation in the unless series-connected (cascaded) which comply
with the following are used:

a) the combinations of circuit-breakers used shall comply with A6.2(a) and A.6A of
SANS 60947-2:2007 for co-ordinated back-up protection, and with manufacturers'

b) back-up circuit-breakers shall be fully rated to handle the maximum short-circuit

current at the of installation in the system; and

c} a warning label shall be fitted to every ASSEMBLY where series-connected systems

are used. The label shall include the following wording:

WARNING
This is a series-connected system. when recommended by the circuit-
breaker manufacturer, do not any circuit-breaker (fuse-link) in the with a

4.5 Installation and maintenance instructions

4.5.1 The manufacturer shall in his documents or catalogues the if any, for the
installation, operation and maintenance of the ASSEMBLY and the equipment contained therein.

If the circuitry is not obvious from the physical of the

suitable information shall be for wiring diagrams or tables.

4.6 Service conditions

Unless otherwise specified, ASSEMBliES shall be designed to withstand a pollution

3 for a normal industrial environment

4.6.2 The ASSEMBLY shall be so constructed that maintenance is ensured.

4.7 Design construction

4.7.1 Where flammable material is used for construction of tne the and
mounted in the enclosure shall be shrouded by

4.7.2 The enclosure shall be suitable for use in the environmental conditions in which it is intended
to operate and It shall be against corrosion. The bottom cabie entnes of floor-mounted
ASSeMBLIeS shall De rodent

4.7.3 i~ a Q::lO~ or 8 cove:- can DS (menea withou: Ihe use 0'; 8 LOa! Dellind the coc
o~ cover shali have a 07 witn c. of IP2X tested i~ accordance with
SANS 60529. The recommended minimum vaiues for the degrees of In P,SSEiV1BUeS
are

a) in tns case of an mdoo, P.SS~MB~ Y an;:'

SANS 1973-3:2008
Edition 1

In the case of other special applications, see SANS 60529.

NOTE 1 An explanation of IP ratings is given in annex C.

NOTE 2 The degree of protection for cable access apertures should have a minimum rating of IP2X.

NOTE 3 In the case of a declared IP rating of IP5X and higher, the ASSEMBLY should be tested in
accordance with SANS 60529.

4.7.4 The cover plate shall not be the sole means of keeping components in position. When in
position, an ASSEMBLY shall not rely on the door or panel(s) to ensure rigidity.

4.7.5 The installation and connection of components shall be in accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions. Tightening of connections shall not alter the position of components.
The tightness of components shall be checked and ensured.

4.7.6 Switchgear shall not be mounted in such a way that it can cause injury when operated. It
shall be so positioned that conductors can be connected to the terminals.

4.7.7 The flammability of insulation materials of the enclosure shall be tested in accordance with
IEC 60695-2-10.

4.7.8 ASSEMBLIES that have a rated current above 125 A shall be certified by a person who is
competent to express an opinion on the safety of the ASSEMBLY.

5 Routine tests

5.1 Inspection of the ASSEMBLY

5.1.1 Determine the effectiveness of mechanical actuating elements, interlocks, locks, etc.

5.1.2 Inspect the conductors and cables for proper laying and the devices for proper mounting.

5.1.3 Inspect the ASSEMBLY for compliance with the prescribed creepage distances given in
4.2.5.

5.1.4 Inspect the ASSEMBLY for compliance with the prescribed clearance distances in
accordance with 4.2.7.

5.1.5 Inspect the ASSEMBLY for compliance with the prescribed degrees of protection given in
4.7.3.

5.1.6 Checl(, by random testing, the connections, especially the screwed connections. for
adeauate contact

5.1. '7 Verif:! tnat tne Informatio:i and markings are compiete and that ine ASS:::M8!.. Y corresponcs
With tne marking.

::. i.8 Check the .t\SS:::MB!.. Y fo;- :::;:).1fo~mail::ewit:<tneci.cu:: winn~ diagrams anc !e::nnica i CSIE
p;-ovloed oy tne manutacrure~.
 SANS 1973-3:2008
Edition 1

5.1.9 Depending on the complexity of the ASSEMBLY, it might be necessary to inspect the wiring
and to carry out an electrical functional test. The test procedure and the number of tests depend on
whether or not the ASSEMBLY includes complicated interlocks or sequence control facilities.

5.1.10 Inspect the nameplate of the ASSEMBLY for use above 125 A for compliance with 4.1.

NOTE In some cases, it might be necessary to repeat this test on site when the ASSEMBLY is being
installed. In this case, a special agreement should be made between the manufacturer and the user.

5.2 Dielectric test

5.2.1 General

All electrical equipment of the ASSEMBLY shall be connected for the test, except for apparatus
which, according to the relevant specifications, has been designed for a lower test voltage. Current­
consuming apparatus (for example windings, measuring instruments), in which the application of
the test voltage would cause the flow of current, shall be disconnected. This apparatus shall be dis­
connected at one of its terminals unless it has not been designed to withstand the full test voltage,
in which case all terminals may be disconnected.

Anti-interference capaCitors installed between live conductors and exposed conductive parts shall
not be disconnected; they shall be capable of withstanding the test voltage.

5.2.2 Application, duration and value of test voltage

5.2.2.1 Initially apply not more than 50 % of the value of the test voltage given in table 2.

5.2.2.2 Increase the voltage steadily within a few seconds to the full value and maintain for one
minute.

5.2.2.3 The a.c. source shall have sufficient power to maintain the test voltage irrespective of all
leakage currents.

5.2.2.4 The test voltage shall have a practically sinusoidal waveform and a frequency between
45 Hz and 62 Hz.

5.2.2.5 If the equipment included in the main or auxiliary circuits tested has previously been
subjected to a dielectric strength test, reduce the test voltage to 85 % of the value indicated in
table 2.

5.2.2.6 For the test,

all swit:::hing devices shall be closed. o~

- the test voltage shall be supplied successively to all parts of tile circuit.

5.2.2.7 Apply the test voltage as given in table 2 between the live parts and the frame of the
ASS=:IVlS:"'Y.
SANS 1973-3:2008
Edition 1

Table 2 - Test voltages

1 2
Rated insulation voltage Ui Dielectric test voltage
a.c.
r.m.s.
V V
a
U,$ 60 1000
60 < U, $ 300 2 000
300 < U, $ 690 2500
690 < U, $ 800 3 000
800 < U. $ 1000 3500
b
1 000 < U, $ 1 500 3500

a Auxiliary circuits shall be tested at a minimum of 1 500 V.

b
For d.c. only.

5.2.3 Results to be obtained

Consider an ASSEMBLY to have passed the test if no puncture or flashover is detected.

5.2.4 Checking of protective measures and of the electrical continuity of

protective circuits

5.2.4.1 Check the protective measures with regard to protection against direct and indirect contact.

5.2.4.2 Check screwed connections for adequate contact by random tests.

5.3 Routine Test Certificate

5.3.1 For multi phase ASSEMBLIES above 125 A, a Routine Test Certificate (see example in
annex E) shall be submitted with each ASSEMBLY for which compliance with the requirements of
this part of SANS 1973 is declared,

5.3.2 The following inspections and routine tests shall be performed in accordance with
SANS 60439-1 :

a) inspection of the wiring and an electrical ope,ation test (table 7, test No.8);

b) tne dielectric test (table 7, test No.9);

c) the checking of protective measures (table 7, test No. 10):

d) the ir:sulatior: resistan:e test (tab!e 7, test Nc -; ~ '.,

5.3.3 Routine inspections and tests of tne following shall be periormed (see annex

C?) markings;

bJ double insuiatl::ln used in the fault-free zone

10
 SANS 1973-3:2008
Edition 1

d) bonding for earth continuity;

e) correct sizing of neutral and PE conductors;

f) installation of phase barriers;

g) applicable IP rating;

h) verification of creepage distances and clearance;

i) torque settings;

j) bus bar current density;

k) rating plate, labels and notices;

I) switchgear and door interlocking mechanisms;

m) strength of lifting arrangement;

n) strength of door closing mechanisms and hinges;

0) IP2X internal protection when door is opened without the use of a tool:

p) legend of incoming and outgoing circuits;

SANS 1973-3:2008
Edition 1

Annex A
(informative)

Selection of components

A.1 General

It is the responsibility of the manufacturer of the ASSEMBLY to select components that are suitable
for application. The manufacturer of the ASSEMBLY should make use of any information available
from component manufacturers, having regard, among other things, to the examples of factors
given in A.2. In some cases, the suitability of an ASSEMBLY for a particular application can only be
determined by the tests as specified. The tests specified are designed to take account of the
conditions that prevail in the ASSEMBLY which might be more severe than those imposed by
individual component standards for the same thermal or short-circuit current ratings. An individual
component, such as a circuit-breaker or contactor, proven in accordance with its relevant standard
for a thermal current or short-circuit current rating equal to that of the circuit in which it is installed,
might be unable to achieve that rating, owing to conditions in the ASSEMBLY. Where any of the
factors described exist, it might be necessary to derate the components concerned or select
components that have a higher rating.

A.2 Examples of factors to be considered

A.2.1 Effect on rated thermal current

A.2.1.1 Mounting of components

The thermal current rating of components can be affected by their orientation, for example upright
or sideways.

A.2.1.2 Enclosures

A different current rating for a component will apply when it is enclosed. This rating will be further
influenced by the density of components in the space available and by heat-producing elements if
present in adjacent components.

A.2.1.3 Connections

The connections to components can influence their current rating. owing to heat input from busbars
or other conductors that operate at higher temperatures than those of the conventional test
conductors specified in the relevant standards.

A.2.2 Effect on rated short-circuit currents

A.2.2.1 Mounting of components

The snort-circuit current ratings of components might be affected by the:~ onentatior:. for examplE;
upright or sideways. Mounting bolts, ciiDS or c1amDs can influence the abiiity of tne comoone'lt t::
withstand mechanicc:i stresses imoosed rault current rests. Comoonen: 'Tian~Ta::::ure,s snoui: :::.~
reauested to state tne required minimum clea,ances to eartned meta!.

,­
"?
 SANS 1973-3:2008
Edition 1

A.2.2.2 Enclosures

The size and shape of the enclosure can influence the short-circuit current interrupting ability of a
component. This is further influenced by the clearances and surface profiles presented to the
component, especially those adjacent to any arc vents.

A.2.2.3 Connections

Owing to the effect of electromagnetic fields on the processes of interruption, connections can also
influence the short-circuit current interrupting ability of components if their configurations are
different from those used for the short-circuit current interrupting test in accordance with the
relevant standards. In addition, the interrupting ability of a component can be affected where the
length of the connections in the ASSEMBLY is less than that of the test connections specified in the
relevant standard for that component.
SANS 1973-3:2008
Edition 1

Annex B
(informative)

Notes to purchasers

B.1 General

The information listed in B.2, B.3 and BA is necessary to enable suitable equipment to be offered in
response to an enquiry. It is recognized that not all of this information will necessarily be available at
the time of enquiry and, in certain special cases, information additional to that listed will be
necessary at the time of placing the order, including specific test requirements.

B.2 Concerning the individual circuits

B.2.1 The nature of supply voltage between lines, number of phases, number of wires, frequency,
fault level and the method of system earthing.

B.2.2 Control circuit voltage details.

B.2.3 Detailed information on external devices and the required discrimination levels, to allow
manufacturers to properly select and adjust their components.

B.2.4 The size, type and duty rating of each circuit, with an appropriate line diagram.

B.2.S Detailed descriptions of circuit interlocking requirements or a complete schematic diagram.

B.2.6 The required accuracy class of electrical indicating or recording instruments (for example
voltmeters, ammeters, kilowatt-hour meters).

B.2.7 The required accuracy class, ratio and burden of metering transformers or protection
current transformers (or both).

B.2.8 The required type of co-ordination of components with short-circuit protective devices, as
defined by SANS 60947-4-1 and appendix A of SANS 60947-2:2007.

B.2.9 Details regarding purchasers' cables or busbar trunking systems to be connected to

incoming and outgoing terminals in the ASSEMBLY, such as

a) the cross-sectional area, diameter, shape and material of conductors, i.e. aluminium or copper,

b) the type and class of insulation, for example rubber, paper, plastics or mineral,

cJ the number of cable cores and the method of entry. and

d) the entiv Dosition 0; 2 cable 0, busbar Irunl\lng SVSlelT:. ror eXamD!S to:'. sids o~ botmm

8.3 Concerning the ASSEMBLY as a. whole

5.3. ~ An;' reStriCIIonS on eXIe~nal !engtn Iwidth; ne:ghl or aeoth dimensions of tne 1\38:::1\113:"',:.

8.3.2 An\! restrictions relatinQ to \/l1elgh+

 SANS 1973-3 :2008
Edition 1

B.3.3 The preferred method of connection of equipment, i.e. front or rear.

B.3.4 The preferred arrangement, if any, of the ASSEMBLY, for example front access only, back­
to-back, layout of units, fixed, demountable or fully withdrawable units.

B.3.5 The short-circuit rating of busbars required.

B.3.6 Diversity factors of load circuits.

B.3.7 Details of any door interlocks or cover interlocks (or both), padlocks or other locking
devices, if required.

B.3.8 The type of earthing system that applies to the installation.

B.3.9 The degree of IP protection required.

B.3.10 The form of segregation required.

B.3.11 Information concerning spare units required, if any, and any future extensions, indicating
where extensions will be made.

B.3.12 Preferred labelling information for equipment mounted in the ASSEMBLY.

8.4 Information relating to special service and installation conditions

The manufacturer should be informed if

a) ambient temperatures are outside the range +40 °C to -5°C for indoor installations or +40 °C to
-10°C for outdoor installations,

b) the altitude exceeds 2 000 m,

c) the relative humidity exceeds 70 %, or the atmosphere contains an abnormal amount of dust,
acids or corrosive gases,or if the ASSEMBLY is to be installed near the sea,

d) the ASSEMBLY might be fitted to a moving device, if it is near earthed or live metal, if its support
is capable of assuming a sloping position either permanently or temporarily (fitted aboard ships),
or if the ASSEMBLY will be exposed in service to abnormal shocks or vibrations, or

e) the ASSEMBLY is to be installed in a hospital or other location where silence is a predominant

consideration.
SANS 1973-3:2008
Edition 1

Annex C
(informative)

Explanation of IP ratings
Table C.1 is an extract from SANS 60529. For a full understanding of IP ratings, this table should be
read in conjunction with SANS 60529.

The IP ratings consist of the letters IP followed by two characteristic numerals. The first
characteristic numeral relates to protection against the penetration of solid objects and the second
characteristic numeral relates to protection against penetration of liquid. The use of X as a first or
second characteristic numeral in the text of this part of SANS 1973 indicates that there is no
requirement for that characteristic numeral.

Table C.1 - International protection ratings - IP codes

I 1 i 2 3 1 4 5 I 6
I First characteristic numeral I Second characteristic numeral
Protection against solid Meaning for the Protection against harmful Meaning for the
foreign objects protection of persons ingress of water i protection
•
against access to against ingress of water
i IP I
IP
i Tests
i hazardous parts with: I I I
I 0 No protection I Non-protected
,m 0 No protection INon-p rotected
!
iFull penetration of
150 mm diameter of
I IProtected against
1 sphere not aliowed. i Back of hand 1 vertically falling drops of IVertical dripping i
•Contact with hazardous • water
Iparts not permitted.
I
Full penetration of I
1125 mm diameter Iprotecte d against
sphere not allowed. The I !
vertically falling drops of i Dripping up to 15° from the
2 jOinted test finger shall IFinger 2
Iwater with enclosure •vertica I
I have adequate
clearance from .tilied 15° from the vertical..
hazardous parts I I
.The access probe of
Protected against sprays iI
3 ;2,5 mm diameter shall ITOOI II 3 to 60° from the vertical
Limited spraying
!not penetrate. I
Protected against water
I IThe access probe of
splashed from all
4 .1.0 mm diameter shall !Wire 4 Splasl from all directions
directions - limited
I inot penetrate lingress 1-''''' ""''''''
I I
! I IProtected aqainst lOW­
•Llmltea Ingress of dust j Dust­
5 Ipressure jets of water
S Ipermitled (no harmfu
oeposit) Iprotected Ifrom all directions ­
ilimned ingress permitted
Wire
Protected against strong
of water. e.g. for use !Strong nosing jets trom ali
6 INo ingress of dust
Ion ship decks -limited ,directions
i ingress Dermittec

!Proiected against tne

ieffects 0; Immersion
! Detweer, '150 i7Hj· an:;
'''j n-,

I Drotected against Ion;;

(, IDenoes of ImmerslOC i::'ontinClOUS mmerSI::lr

16
 SANS 1973-3:2008
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Annex 0
(informative)

Prospective short-circuit currents

0.1 The expected values of prospective short-circuit current for various ratings of transformer are
given in columns 5 and 6 of tabie D. 1.

0.2 Several conditions can influence the actual short-circuit current caused by a fault condition. it
is proposed that ASSEMBLIES be designed for the short-circuit currents supplied by a single
transformer as given in column 7.

Table D.1 - Typical short-circuit currents

1 2 3 4 I 5 6 7
Transfonner Percentage Typical secondary current Short-circuit current ASSEMBLY
output voltage (at principal tapping) design
impedance A kA short-circuit
current
Secondary voltage Secondary voltage
kVA Zn 400V 525 V 400 V ! 525 V kA
25 36 27 0.9 I 0,7 2,5
50 4,0 72 55 1,8 14 2,5
100 I 144 110 3,6 2,8 5
200 290 220 6,5 4,9 10
315 455 345 10,1 7,7 10
4,5
400 575 440 12,7 9.B 15
500 725 550 14,5 11.0 15

630 910 695 18,2 13,9 20

BOO 1 155 880 23,1 17,6 25
5.0 I

L
1000 2B.9
I 1445 1 100 22,0 30
i
~.--~
1250 1805 1 375 36,1 27.5 35 I
2890 2200 50,3 38.3 50
2000
2500 3600 2750 62.6 47,8 65
5,75
3150 4550 3465 79,1 60,3 75
SANS 1973-3:2008
Edition 1

Annex E
(informative)

Routine Test Certificate

Table E.1 - Example of a Routine Test Certificate

Routine Test Certificate

Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear ASSEMBLY
manufactured to SANS 1973-3 for rated prospective short-
circuit currents of up to and including 10 kA
1. ASSEMBLY information

Name of client

Job No. Identification number

Test certificate No. Date inspected

Rated operational voltage U. V Form of separation Form:

Rated current I. A Pollullon degree No.:

Type of system
EMC environment Yes/No earthing

Auxiliary circuit voltage IP:

ASSEMBLY system name Design diversity 0,

factor

Type number Certification permit

No. (if applicable)

12. Visual inspection

I Acceptance criteria ined Client's acceptance

2.1 Markings Able to identify individual circuits and

deVices

2.2 Conditions of use Confirmea as In chent's instructions

2.3 Installation rUles : instructions incluaed in documentatior,

24 Maintenance rules [InstruCtions included in documentation

IClea~ed and coated to supplie,'s I

2.: Protective coatin~ speCITI:atlons

Ensure no unaue; deflection occurs

"LO~ Mechan:ca streng!n
I

cunng !ranspor. I
 SANS 1973~3:2008
Edition 1

Routine Test Certificate (continued)

Visual inspection Acceptance criteria Results obtained Client's acceptance I

2.7 Double insulation used in Cables touching the enclosure in this
the fault-free zone area to be double insulated i
2.8 Electrical connectors Correct torque values applied and main I
fastened I connectors marked accordingly
2.9 Available wiring space Shall permit proper reconnection

2.10 Neutral, protective and PE I

Provided in viCinity of the conductor
conductor terminals . terminals I

2.11 Check that all documenta- Complete client's instructions, drawings,

tion is in project file ASSEMBLY design details,
I
' parts list and component approvals
2.12 IP rating with outgoing Stated protective measures against
cables and control wiring direct and indirect contact and IP rating
installed to be verified
J!
12.13 IP rating of IP5X and above Test report available to confirm
compliance with SANS 60529
2.14 Phase indication Phase indication is correctly identified

2.15 Nameplate details In accordance with 4.1

2.16 Site ASSEMBLY materials Included as in job specification

I
2.17 Door or cover gaskets Ensure effective operation of gaskets
l I !
I 2.18 Main busbar extension Provision made for extension (Yes/No)
I !
2.19 Bonding for earth continuity Metal hinges or metal screws (or both)
used on doors and covers. Earth cable
used alternatively or used for electrical
components fitted on doors
2.20 Colour coding of cables Coding of control wiring to be any colour
except green/yellow, green or black
2.21 Components - Electrical components to comply with
clause 4 of SANS 10142-1 :2006
- Ratings verified to applicable
standard
2.22 Neutral and terminalS Check for sufficient provision

2.23 Phase Darners , Check for correct IOstaliation

,
 SANS 1973-3:2008
Edition 1

Routine Test Certificate (continued)

Visual inspection Acceptance criteria Results obtained Client's acceptance

2.24 Vermin proofing installed Confirmed as in client's instructions i
2.25 Colour of indicator lamps, See IEC 60073
colour of switches and
rotation
2.26 Non-metallic enclosures Material passed the glow-wire test in
IEC 60695-2-10 at 650·C ± 15 ·C,
12.27 Busbar support material Material passed the glow-wire test in
IEC 60695-2-10 at 960·C ± 15 ·C,
3. Mechanical measurement Acceptance criteria Results obtained Client's acceptance
3,1 Clearances checked Measure phase/phase and phase/earth
(min. of 8 mm) I

3.2 Creepage distances Measure to table 16 and annex F of

SANS 60439-1:2004 (min. of 16 mm)

3,3 Support to component 1Not to exceed maximum distance

terminal fIXing distance , specified by supplier of components
3.4 Fixing distances of the main To be in accordance with the design
bus bar supports rules of the manufacturer
3,5 Fixing distances of the main To be in accordance with the design
riser busbar supports rules of the manufacturer

3.6 Fixing distances of the To be in accordance with the design

distribution busbar supports rules of the manufacturer
3.7 Fixing distances of the fault· To be in accordance with the design
free zone busbar supports rules of the manufacturer
3.8 Measure IP first digit with Obtain IP2X, IP3X, IP4X as 12,5 mm,
probe 2,5 mm and 1 mm respectively
3.9 Connection to terminals Minimum height of terminals above floor
level is 200 mm
3.10 Functionality of mechanical Mechanical withdrawal trays, check
parts actuators, interlocks, doors, correct
i
mounting

13.11 PE conductor sizes In accordance with 4.2.4

3.12 Neutral conductor In accordance with 4.3.7

20
 SANS 1973·3:2008
Edition 1

Routine Test Certificate (concluded)

: Mechanical measurement Acceptance criteria Results obtained • Client's acceptance

2
13.13 Current density (Almm ) - Main busbars (confirm design rules)
- Distribution busbars (confirm design
I rules)
4. Electrical measurement Acceptance criteria Results obtained Client's acceptance

4.1 Dielectric test - Main circuit See 8.3.2 of SANS 60439-1 :2004

4.2 Dielectric test - Auxiliary See 8.3.2 of SANS 60439-1 :2004

,I
circuit> 16 A

4.3 Insulation resistance 1 MQ min. (see 8.7.8 of

SANS 10142-1:2006)
4.4 Circuit operation Operation of ASSEMBLY in accordance
I with client's specification I
'5. Other Sub'ect to agreement I I
/5.1

....................................................................................................................... (manufacturer) declares

herewith that the undersigned is duly authorized to perform the routine tests in accordance with the
requirements of SANS 1973-3 and that the ASSEMBLY complies with the requirements of
SANS 1973-3.

Quality Inspector Date

For ASSEMBLIES built or modified on site:

It is certified herewith that the above ASSEMBLY complies with the requirements of SANS 1973-3.

Accredited person Registration number Date

SANS 1973-3:2008
Edition 1

Bibliography

IEC 60073, Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification ­
Coding principles for indicators and actuators.

IEC 60112, Method for the determination of the proof and the comparative tracking indices of solid
insulating materials.

SANS 10142-1, The wiring of premises - Parl1: Low-voltage installations.

SANS 60947-4-1/IEC 60947-4-1, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Parl4-1: Contactors

and motor-starlers - Electromechanical contactors and motor-starlers.

SANS 61000-6-2/IEC 61000-6-2, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Parl 6-2: Generic

standards - Immunity for industrial environments.

© Standards South Africa