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Keras

Keras is an open-source Python library for artificial neural networks, originally independent but now integrated into TensorFlow and supporting multiple frameworks including JAX and PyTorch as of version 3.0. It is designed for fast experimentation and includes various neural network components, supporting both standard and advanced architectures like convolutional and recurrent networks. The library is maintained by François Chollet and is licensed under Apache 2.0, with a stable release of version 3.8.0 expected on January 7, 2025.

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46 views2 pages

Keras

Keras is an open-source Python library for artificial neural networks, originally independent but now integrated into TensorFlow and supporting multiple frameworks including JAX and PyTorch as of version 3.0. It is designed for fast experimentation and includes various neural network components, supporting both standard and advanced architectures like convolutional and recurrent networks. The library is maintained by François Chollet and is licensed under Apache 2.0, with a stable release of version 3.8.0 expected on January 7, 2025.

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rhea.stuart.russell
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Keras

Keras is an open-source library that provides a Python


Keras
interface for artificial neural networks. Keras was first
independent software, then integrated into the
TensorFlow library, and later supporting more. "Keras
3 is a full rewrite of Keras [and can be used] as a low-
level cross-framework language to develop custom
components such as layers, models, or metrics that can
be used in native workflows in JAX, TensorFlow, or
PyTorch — with one codebase."[2] Keras 3 will be the
default Keras version for TensorFlow 2.16 onwards,
but Keras 2 can still be used.[3]
Original author(s) François Chollet
Developer(s) ONEIROS
History Initial release 27 March 2015
Stable release 3.8.0[1] / 7 January 2025
The name 'Keras' derives from the Ancient Greek word
Repository github.com/keras-team
κέρας (Keras) meaning 'horn'.[4]
/keras (https://github.com/k
Designed to enable fast experimentation with deep eras-team/keras)
neural networks, Keras focuses on being user-friendly, Written in Python
modular, and extensible. It was developed as part of
Platform Cross-platform
the research effort of project ONEIROS (Open-ended
Type Frontend for TensorFlow,
Neuro-Electronic Intelligent Robot Operating
[5] JAX or PyTorch (and more)
System), and its primary author and maintainer is
François Chollet, a Google engineer. Chollet is also the License Apache 2.0
author of the Xception deep neural network model.[6] Website keras.io (https://keras.io/)

Up until version 2.3, Keras supported multiple


backends, including TensorFlow, Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit, Theano, and PlaidML.[7][8][9]

As of version 2.4, only TensorFlow was supported. Starting with version 3.0 (as well as its preview
version, Keras Core), however, Keras has become multi-backend again, supporting TensorFlow, JAX, and
PyTorch.[10] It now also supports OpenVINO!.

Features
Keras contains numerous implementations of commonly used neural-network building blocks such as
layers, objectives, activation functions, optimizers, and a host of tools for working with image and text
data to simplify programming in deep neural network area.[11] The code is hosted on GitHub, and
community support forums include the GitHub issues page, and a Slack channel.
In addition to standard neural networks, Keras has support for convolutional and recurrent neural
networks. It supports other common utility layers like dropout, batch normalization, and pooling.[12]

Keras allows users to produce deep models on smartphones (iOS and Android), on the web, or on the
Java Virtual Machine.[8] It also allows use of distributed training of deep-learning models on clusters of
graphics processing units (GPU) and tensor processing units (TPU).[13]

See also
Comparison of deep-learning software

References
1. "Release 3.8.0" (https://github.com/keras-team/keras/releases/tag/v3.8.0). 7 January 2025.
Retrieved 24 January 2025.
2. "Keras: Deep Learning for humans" (https://keras.io/keras_3/). keras.io. Retrieved
2024-04-30.
3. "What's new in TensorFlow 2.16" (https://blog.tensorflow.org/2024/03/whats-new-in-tensorflo
w-216.html). Retrieved 2024-04-30.
4. Team, Keras. "Keras documentation: About Keras 3" (https://keras.io/about/). keras.io.
Retrieved 2024-02-10.
5. "Keras Documentation" (https://keras.io/#why-this-name-keras). keras.io. Retrieved
2016-09-18.
6. Chollet, François (2016). "Xception: Deep Learning with Depthwise Separable
Convolutions". arXiv:1610.02357 (https://arxiv.org/abs/1610.02357) [cs.CV (https://arxiv.org/
archive/cs.CV)].
7. "Keras backends" (https://keras.io/backend/). keras.io. Retrieved 2018-02-23.
8. "Why use Keras?" (https://keras.io/why-use-keras/). keras.io. Retrieved 2020-03-22.
9. "R interface to Keras" (https://keras.rstudio.com/). keras.rstudio.com. Retrieved 2020-03-22.
10. Chollet, François; Usui, Lauren (2023). "Introducing Keras Core: Keras for TensorFlow, JAX,
and PyTorch" (https://keras.io/keras_core/announcement/). Keras.io. Retrieved 2023-07-11.
11. Ciaramella, Alberto; Ciaramella, Marco (2024). Introduction to Artificial Intelligence: from
data analysis to generative AI. ISBN 9788894787603.
12. "Core - Keras Documentation" (https://keras.io/layers/core/). keras.io. Retrieved
2018-11-14.
13. "Using TPUs | TensorFlow" (https://web.archive.org/web/20190604082736/https://www.tens
orflow.org/guide/using_tpu). TensorFlow. Archived from the original (https://www.tensorflow.
org/guide/using_tpu) on 2019-06-04. Retrieved 2018-11-14.

External links
Official website (https://keras.io/)
Keras (https://github.com/keras-team/keras) on GitHub

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Keras&oldid=1270879142"

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