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CONSTITUTIONAL LAW 2
SYLLABUS
WEEK 1
CHAPTER I
PREAMBLE TO CONSTITUTIONAL LAW 2
1.1. Constitutional Law revisited
1.2. Constitutional Law 2
Article I. CHAPTER II
FUNDAMENTAL POWERS OF THE STATE
1. Secretary of Justice v. Lantion, GR 139465. Jan. 18,
2000, 322 SCRA 160
2.1. The fundamental powers of the State
2. City Government of Quezon City v. Ericta, GR L-
34915 June 24, 1983, 122 SCRA 759
2.2. Similarities among the State powers
2.3. Differences among the State powers
A. POLICE POWER
3. Binay v. Domingo, GR 92389, Sep. 11, 1991, 201
SCRA 508
4. Rubi v. Provincial Board of Mindoro, GR 14078.
Mar. 7, 1919, 39 Phil., 660
5. U.S. v. Ling Su Fan., GR 3962. Feb. 10, 1908, 10
Phil., 104
2.4. Basis of police power
6. JMM Promotion and Management, Inc. v. CA, GR
120095. Aug. 5, 1996, 260 SCRA 319
7. U.S. v. Pompeya., GR 10255. Aug. 6, 1915, 31 Phil.
245
2.5. Police power as justification for governmental acts
8. Roxas & Co., Inc. v. CA, GR 127876. Dec. 17, 1999,
321 SCRA 106
9. The Executive Secretary v. CA, GR 131719. May
25, 2004, 429 SCRA 81
10. Remman Enterprises, Inc. v. Professional
Regulatory Board of Real Estate Service, GR
197676. Feb. 4, 2014, 715 SCRA 293
 11. Southern Luzon Drug Corp. v. Department of Social
Welfare and Development, GR 199669. Apr. 25,
2017, 824 SCRA 164
12. Zaval v. Duterte, GR 238467. Feb. 12, 2019
13. Ermita-Malate Hotel and Motel Operators
Association, Inc. v. City Mayor of Manila, GR L-
24693. July 31, 1967, 20 SCRA 849
2.6. Requisites for valid exercise of police power
14. Didipio Earth-Savers’ Multi-Purpose Association,
Incorporated (DESAMA) v. Gozun, GR 157882.
Mar. 30, 2006, 485 SCRA 586
15. Department of Education, Culture and Sports v. San
Diego, GR 89572. Dec. 21, 1989, 180 SCRA 533
2.7. Limitations on police power
2.8. Delegability of police power
16. Pangasinan Transportation Co., Inc. v. The Public
Service Commission (70 Phil. 221 [1940])
17. Abakada Guro Party List v. Ermita, GR 168056,
Sep. 1, 2005, 469 SCRA 1
2.9. Police power delegated to LGUs
2.10. Requisites for a valid ordinance
18. City of Batangas v. Philippine Shell Petroleum
Corp., GR 195003, June 7, 2017, 826 SCRA 297
2.11. Cases
19. Lozano v. Martinez, GR L-63419. Dec. 18, 1986,
146 SCRA 323
20. Tablarin v. Gutierrez, GR L-78164. July 31, 1987,
152 SCRA 730
21. Del Rosario v. Bengzon, GR 88265. Dec. 21, 1989,
180 SCRA 521
22. Velasco v. Villegas, GR L-24153. Feb. 14, 1983,
120 SCRA 568
23. De la Cruz v. Paras, GR L-42571-72. July 25, 1983,
123 SCRA 569
24. City of Manila v. Laguio, Jr., GR 118127. Apr. 12,
2005, 455 SCRA 308
B. POWER OF EMINENT DOMAIN
25. Barangay Sindalan, San Fernando, Pampanga v.
CA, GR 150640. Mar. 22, 2007, 518 SCRA 649
 Page |3

26. PNOC Alternative Fuels Corp. v. National Grid Corp.

of the Philippines, GR 224936. Sep. 4, 2019, 918
SCRA 27
2.12. Power belongs solely to legislature, but may be
delegated to entities
2.13. Requirement for the valid exercise of the power
27. Manotok v. National Housing Authority, GR L-
55166-67, May 21, 1987, 150 SCRA 89
2.14. Genuine necessity for taking
28. City of Manila v. Chinese Community of Manila, GR
14355. Oct. 31, 1919, 40 Phil. 349
29. City of Manila v. Arellano Law College, GR L-2929.
Feb. 28, 1950, 85 Phil. 663
30. Republic v. Borbon, GR 165354. Jan. 12, 2015, 745
SCRA 40
2.15. Taking in the context of the power
2.16. Public use construed
31. Masikip v. City of Pasig, GR 136349. Jan. 23, 2006,
479 SCRA 391
32. Asia’s Emerging Dragon Corporation v. Department
of Transportation and Communications, GR
169914. Apr. 18, 2008, 552 SCRA 59
2.17. Power of eminent domain not absolute
33. National Transmission Corp. v. Oroville
Development Corp., GR 223366. Aug. 1, 2017, 833
SCRA 575
2.18. When power may be exercised without taking
expropriated property
34. Republic of the Philippines (Republic) v. Philippine
Long Distance Telephone Co., (PLDT), GR L-
18841. Jan. 27, 1969, 26 SCRA 620
WEEK 2
2.19. Just compensation
35. Evergreen Manufacturing Corp. v. Republic, GR
218628. Sep. 6, 2017, 839 SCRA 200
36. Land Bank of the Philippines v. Del Rosario, GR
210105. Sep. 2, 2019, 916 SCRA 465
 37. Republic v. Lim, GR 161656. June 29, 2005, 462
SCRA 265
38. Republic v. Jose Gamir-Consuelo Diaz Heirs
Association, Inc., GR 218732. Nov. 12, 2018, 885
SCRA 254
2.20. Determination of just compensation a function of the
courts
39. Cabahug v. National Power Corp., GR 186069. Jan.
30, 2013, 689 SCRA 666
2.21. Power of eminent domain delegated to local
government unit
2.22. Requisites for the valid exercise of the power of
eminent domain by an LGU
2.23. Requisites for authorizing the immediate taking by
the LGU of the condemned property
40. Iloilo City v. Legaspi, GR 154614. Nov. 25, 2004,
444 SCRA 269
[NOTE: A more detailed discussion on this subject
can be found in CHAPTER III, Topic XIII. RIGHT TO
PROPERTY AND JUST COMPENSATION].
C. POWER OF TAXATION
41. Demaala v. Commission on Audit, GR 199752. Feb.
17, 2015, 750 SCRA 612
42. Tridharma Marketing Corp. v. Court of Tax Appeals,
GR 215950. June 20, 2016, 794 SCRA 126
43. Sison, Jr. v. Ancheta, GR L-59431. July 25, 1984,
130 SCRA 654
2.24. Limitations on taxing power
2.25. Lifeblood theory of taxation
44. Commissioner of lnternal Revenue v. Algue, Inc.,
GR L-28896. Feb. 17, 1988, 158 SCRA 9
2.26. Types of taxes in the Philippines
2.27. Internal revenue and customs
2.28. Major sources of taxes
2.29. Specific national taxes
2.30. Tax or revenue regulations
45. La Suerte Cigar & Cigarette Factory v. CA, GR
165499. Nov. 11, 2014, 739 SCRA 489
2.31. Power to tax includes the power to grant tax
exemptions
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46. Purisima v. Lazatin, GR 210588. Nov. 29, 2016, 811

SCRA 205
2.32. Tax exemption
2.33. Vote requirement for the validity of law granting tax
exemption
2.34. Tax exemptions granted under the Constitution
2.35. Tax refunds and tax exemptions strictly construed
against claimant
47. Gulf Air Company, Philippine Branch (GF) v.
Commissioner of Internal Revenue, GR 182045.
Sep. 19, 2012, 681 SCRA 377
2.36. Power of LGUs to tax
48. City of Manila v. Colet, GR 124855. Dec. 10, 2014,
744 SCRA 265
2.37. LGUs’ taxing powers under the LGC
2.38. Local taxes
2.39. LGUs bereft of power to tax national government
49. Basco v. Phil. Amusements and Gaming Corp., GR
91649. May 14, 1991, 197 SCRA 52
CHAPTER III
BILL OF RIGHTS
3.1. Bill of rights as the core of every Constitution
3.2. Origin of the bill of rights
3.3. Purpose of the bill of rights
50. Philippine Blooming Mills Employees Organization
v. Philippine Blooming Mills Co., Inc., GR L-31195.
June 5, 1973, 51 SCRA 189
3.4. Classes of bill of rights as to amendability
3.5. Classes of bill of rights as to specific kinds of rights
protected
3.6. Kinds of rights as to origin
3.7. Categories of rights
3.8. Doctrine of preferred freedoms based on the
hierarchy of rights
3.9. Bill of rights under the 1987 Constitution; other
collective rights
I. RIGHT TO DUE PROCESS OF LAW
1.1. Due process of law
 51. Ermita Malate Hotel & Motel Operators Association
v. City Mayor of Manila, GR L-24693, July 31, 1967,
20 SCRA 849
1.2. Person’s life, liberty, or property
52. Morfe v. Mutuc, GR L-20387. Jan. 31, 1968, 22
SCRA 424
1.3. Conditions for application of due process
1.4. Kinds of due process as to matters involved
53. Corona v. United Harbor Pilots Association of the
Philippines, GR 111953, Dec. 12, 1997, 283 SCRA
31
54. U.S. v. Ling Su Fan, GR 3962. Feb. 10, 1908, 10
Phil., 104
55. Alliance for the Family Foundation, Philippines, Inc.
(ALFI) v. Garin, GR 217872, Apr. 26, 2017, 825
SCRA 191
WEEK 3
1.5. Kinds of due process as to types of proceedings
56. Liguid v. Camano, Jr., AM RTJ-99-1509. Aug. 8,
2002, 387 SCRA 1
57. Stayfast Philippines Corp. v. NLRC, GR 81480, Feb.
9, 1993, 218 SCRA 596
58. Adamson & Adamson, Inc. v. Amores, GR L-58292,
23 July 1987, 152 SCRA 237
59. Artezuela v. Maderazo, AC 4354. Apr. 22, 2002, 381
SCRA 419
60. CMP Federal Security Agency, Inc. v. NLRC, GR
125298. Feb. 11, 1999, 303 SCRA 99
1.6. Essence of procedural due process
61. Fabella v. CA, GR 110379, Nov. 28, 1997, 282
SCRA 256
62. Padilla v. Sto. Tomas, GR 109444, Mar. 31, 1995,
243 SCRA 155
63. Salonga v. CA, GR 111478, Mar. 13, 1997, 269
SCRA 534
1.7. Requirements of procedural due process in
administrative proceedings
1.8. Requirements of procedural due process in judicial
proceedings
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64. Banco Español-Filipino v. Palanca., GR 11390. Mar.

26, 1918, 37 Phil. 921
1.9. Due process in preliminary investigation
65. Secretary of Justice v. Lantion, GR 139465. Jan. 18,
2000, 322 SCRA 160
1.10. Effects of non-observance of right to notice and
hearing
1.11. When rights to notice and hearing may be
dispensed with
1.12. Absence of notice of hearing a curable defect
66. De Borja, v. Tan and De Borja, GR L-6108. May 25,
1953, 93 Phil., 167
67. Batangas Laguna Tayabas Bus Co. v. Cadiao, GR
L-28725. Mar. 12, 1968, 22 SCRA 987
1.13. Effect of denial of procedural due process
68. Cuaycong v. Sengbengco, GR L-11837, Nov. 29,
1960, 110 Phil. 113
1.14. Due process in criminal prosecutions
69. Corpus, Jr. v. Pamular, GR 186403, Sep. 5, 2018,
879 SCRA 187
70. People v. Lumague, Jr., GR 53586, Jan. 30, 1982,
111 SCRA 515
1.15. Other applications of the procedural due process
1.16. Modern doctrine of due process and its treatment
of substantive due process
71. Yu Cong Eng v. Trinidad, GR. 20479. Feb. 6, 1925,
47 Phil. 385
1.17. Role of substantive due process
72. City of Manila v. Laguio, Jr., GR 118127, Apr. 12,
2005, 455 SCRA 308
1.18. Elements of substantive due process
73. Insular Government v. Ling Su Fan, GR 5038. Jan.
24, 1910, 15 Phil. 58
1.19. Substantive due process in labor law
1.20. Void for vagueness doctrine
74. People v. Nazario, GR L-44143, Aug. 31, 1988, 165
SCRA 186
1.21. Vagueness construed
1.22. Void for overbreadth doctrine
1.23. Distinction between "vagueness" and
"overbreadth" doctrines
75. Estrada v. Sandiganbayan, GR 148560. Nov. 19,
2001, 369 SCRA 394, J. Kapunan, dissenting, at
382-384
1.24. Facial invalidation and as-applied invalidation
1.25. Facial and as-applied challenges
II. RIGHT TO EQUAL PROTECTION OF THE LAW
76. Abakada Guro Party List v. Ermita, GR 168056,
Sep. 1, 2005, 469 SCRA 14
77. Association of Small Landowners v. Secretary of
Agrarian Reform, GR 78742, July 14, 1989, 175
SCRA 343
78. Quinto v. Commission on Elections, GR 189698.
Feb. 22, 2010, 613 SCRA 385
2.1. Equal protection of the law subject to reasonable
classification
79. Dumlao v. COMELEC, GR L-52245. Jan. 22, 1980,
95 SCRA 392
2.2. Requisites for reasonable and valid classification
80. Garcia v. Drilon, GR 179267. June 25, 2013, 699
SCRA 352
2.3. Valid classification; case law
81. Drugstores Association of the Philippines, Inc. v.
National Council on Disability Affairs, GR 194561.
Sep. 14, 2016, 803 SCRA 25
2.4. Tests to determine propriety of classification
82. Mosqueda v. Pilipino Banana Growers & Exporters
Association, Inc., GR 189185, GR 189305. Aug. 16,
2016, 800 SCRA 313
2.5. Rational basis scrutiny
83. Concurring Opinion of Justice Teresita J. De Castro
in Garcia v. Drilon, GR 179267, June 25, 2013, 699
SCRA 352, 447
2.6. Intermediate scrutiny
84. Separate Concurring Opinion of J. Puno (ret.) in Ang
Ladlad LGBT Party v. Commission on Elections, GR
190582, Apr. 8, 2010, 618 SCRA 32
2.7. Strict scrutiny
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85. Disini, Jr. v. Secretary of Justice, GR 203335, Feb.

18, 2014, 716 SCRA 237
WEEK 4
III. RIGHT AGAINST UNREASONABLE SEARCHES
AND SEIZURES
3.1. Search warrant; requisites
3.2. General search warrants
86. Stonehill v. Diokno, GR L-19550. June 19, 1967, 20
SCRA 383
3.3. Properties which may be seized under a search
warrant
3.4. Property to be searched need not be owned by the
person against whom the search warrant is directed
87. Burgos, Sr. v. Chief of Staff, AFP, GR L-64261. Dec.
26, 1984, 133 SCRA 800
3.5. Place to be searched must be particularly described
in the warrant
88. People v. CA, GR 126379. June 26, 1998, 291
SCRA 400
3.6. Grounds for quashal of search warrant
89. Abuan v. People, GR 168773. Oct. 27, 2006, 505
SCRA 799
3.7. Acts of private persons not covered by
constitutional safeguard
90. People v. Marti, GR 81561. Jan. 18, 1991, 193
SCRA 57
3.8. Exceptions to prohibition against
unreasonable searches and seizures
91. People v. Aruta, GR 120915. Apr. 3, 1998, 288
SCRA 626
3.9. Probable cause a requisite for validity of
warrantless searches
92. Nala v. Barroso, Jr., GR 153087. Aug. 7, 2003, 408
SCRA 529
93. People v. Yanson, GR 238453. July 31, 2019, 912
SCRA 1
3.10. Corpus delicti
 94. People v. Tomawis, GR 228890, Apr. 18, 2018, 862
SCRA 131
95. People v. Montevirgen, GR 189840. Dec. 11, 2013,
712 SCRA 459
3.11. Proof of corpus delicti
96. Rimorin, Sr. v. People, GR 146481. Apr. 30, 2003,
402 SCRA 393
3.12. Warrantless search incidental to a lawful arrest
97. People v. Racho, GR 186529. Aug. 3, 2010, 626
SCRA 633
3.13. Warrant of arrest
3.14. Determination of probable cause
98. U.S. v. Ocampo, GR 5527. Dec. 22, 1910, 18 Phil.,
1
99. De Lima v. Reyes, GR 209330. Jan. 11, 2016, 779
SCRA 1
100. Lim, Sr. v. Felix, GR 94054-57. Feb. 19, 1991,
194 SCRA 292
3.15. Arrest without a warrant
3.16. Period of detention of a person arrested without a
warrant
101. Medina v. Orozco Jr., GR L-26723. Dec. 22,
1966, 18 SCRA 1168
3.17. Inquest proceedings
3.18. Personal knowledge of the offense by arresting
officer
102. Manibog v. People, GR 211214. Mar. 20, 2019,
897 SCRA 565
3.19. Limitations on warrantless search following a
lawful arrest
103. Separate Concurring and Dissenting Opinion of
Justice Cuevas in Nolasco v. Paño, GR 69803, Oct.
8, 1985, 139 SCRA 152
104. People v. Che Chun Ting, GR 130568-69. Mar.
21, 2000, 328 SCRA 592
3.20. Objects of warrantless search and seizure after or
during lawful arrest
105. Malacat v. CA, GR 123595. Dec. 12, 1997, 283
SCRA 159
3.21. In flagrante delicto arrest
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3.22. Overt act test as to validity of in flagrante delicto

arrest
106. People v. Cogaed, GR 200334. July 30, 2014,
731 SCRA 427
3.23. Hot pursuit arrest
107. Sanchez v. People, GR 204589. Nov. 19, 2014,
741 SCRA 294
3.24. Re-arrest of escaped prisoners
3.25. Seizure of evidence in “plain view;” elements
108. People v. Musa, GR 96177, Jan. 27,1993, 217
SCRA 597
3.26. Application of plain view doctrine; case law
109. Crescencio v. People, GR 205015. Nov. 19,
2014, 741 SCRA 319
3.27. Search of moving vehicle
110. People v. Tuazon, GR 175783. Sep. 3, 2007,
532 SCRA 152
111. People v. Comprado, GR 213225, Apr. 4, 2018,
860 SCRA 420
112. People v. Malmstedt, GR 91107. June 19, 1991,
198 SCRA 401
3.28. Cases where warrantless searches in moving
vehicles held to be valid
113. Aniag, Jr. v. Commission on Elections, GR
104961. Oct. 7, 1994, 237 SCRA 424
3.29. Checkpoint
114. People v. Manago, GR 212340, Aug. 17, 2016,
801 SCRA 103
115. Valmonte v. De Villa, GR 83988. May 24, 1990,
178 SCRA 211
WEEK 5
3.30. Consented warrantless search or valid waiver of
the right against warrantless search and seizure
116. People v. Figueroa, GR 134056. July 6, 2000,
335 SCRA 249
3.31. Valid waiver of the right against warrantless
searches and seizures
 117. Caballes v. CA, GR 136292. Jan. 15, 2002, 373
SCRA 221
118. People v. Nuevas, GR 170233. Feb. 22, 2007,
516 SCRA 463
119. Silahis International Hotel, Inc. v. Soluta, GR
163087. Feb. 20, 2006, 482 SCRA 660
3.32. Customs search or search in the enforcement of
customs law
120. People v. CFI of Rizal, Br. IX, GR L-41686. Nov.
17, 1980, 101 SCRA 86
3.33. Stop and frisk or Terry stop
121. Manalili v. CA, GR 113447, Oct. 9, 1997, 280
SCRA 400
3.34. Search during exigent and emergency
circumstances
122. People v. De Gracia, GR 102009-10. July 6,
1994, 233 SCRA 716
IV. RIGHT TO PRIVACY OF COMMUNICATION AND
CORRESPONDECE
123. Social Justice Society (SJS) v. Dangerous Drugs
Board, GR 157870. Nov. 3, 2008, 570 SCRA 410
124. Aquino-Sarmiento v. Morato, GR 92541, Nov.
13, 1991, 203 SCRA 515
4.1. Right to privacy in the Constitution
125. Sony Music Entertainment (Philippines), Inc. v.
Español, GR 156804. Mar. 14, 2005, 453 SCRA
4.2. Exclusionary rule
4.3. Application of the rule
4.4. Other provisions of the Bill of Right that protect the
right to privacy
4.5. Right to privacy in international law
4.6. Right to privacy in statutes and rules
126. Gamboa v. Chan, GR 193636. July 24, 2012,
677 SCRA 385
4.7. Prying into the privacy of another’s residence or
business office
127. Hing v. Choachuy, Sr., GR 179736. June 26,
2013, 699 SCRA 667
4.8. Zones of privacy
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4.9. Test to determine whether there is violation of right

to privacy
128. Sabio v. Gordon, GR 174340. Oct. 17, 2006, 504
SCRA 704
129. Ople v. Torres, GR 127685. July 23, 1998, 293
SCRA 141
4.10. Categories of privacy
130. Versoza v. People, GR 184535, Sep. 3, 2019
4.11. Aspects of informational privacy
4.12. Tests to determine entitlement to right to privacy.
131. Pollo v. Constantino-David, GR 181881, Oct. 18,
2011, 659 SCRA 189
4.13. Video surveillance cameras
132. Hing v. Choachuy, Sr., GR 179736. June 26,
2013, 699 SCRA 667
4.14. When search by government employer of
employee’s office not violative of right to privacy
133. Pollo v. Constantino-David, GR 181881. Oct. 18,
2011, 659 SCRA 189
4.15. Data privacy law
4.16. Purposes of the law on data privacy
4.17. Right to erasure or blocking of private data
4.18. Unauthorized processing of personal information
and sensitive personal information
4.19. Screenshot
4.20. Use of illegally-obtained screenshots as evidence
in civil or criminal case
4.21. Cybercrime prevention law
4.22. Real-time collection of traffic data
134. Disini, Jr. v. Secretary of Justice, GR 203335,
Feb. 18, 2014, 716 SCRA 237
4.23. Writ of habeas data
4.24. Meaning of “engaged” in gathering, collecting, or
storing of data or information
135. Vivares v. St. Theresa’s College, GR 202666,
Sep. 29, 2014, 737 SCRA 92
4.25. Right to informational privacy on online social
network (OSN)
4.26. Purpose of OSN
4.27. Facebook as OSN site
4.28. Privacy tools of Facebook; privacy settings are not
foolproof
4.29. Level of privacy of images restricted to be viewed
by “friends only”
V. FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND EXPRESSION
136. ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corp. v. Commission on
Elections, GR 133486. Jan. 28, 2000, 323 SCRA
811
137. Garcia v. Faculty Admission Committee, Loyola
School of Theology, GR L-40779, Nov. 28, 1975, 68
SCRA 277
5.1. Protected speech
5.2. Right to be silent
138. Ebralinag v. The Division Superintendent of
Schools of Cebu, GR 95770. Mar. 1, 1993, 219
SCRA 256
5.3. What the freedom of speech and expression clause
guarantees
139. Dissenting Opinion of Mr. Justice Carpio in
Soriano v. Laguardia, GR 164785. Mar. 15, 2010,
615 SCRA 254
WEEK 6
5.4. Prior restraint construed
5.5. Kinds of prior restraint
140. Navarro v. Villegas, GR L-31687, Feb. 18, 1970,
31 SCRA 730
5.6. Intermediate scrutiny for content-neutral regulation
141. Osmeña v. Commission on Elections, GR
132231. Mar. 31, 1998, 288 SCRA 447
5.7. Substantial governmental interest test
5.8. Standards of review
5.9. Levels of governmental interest
5.10. Content-based restriction
142. Iglesia Ni Cristo v. CA, GR 119673. July 26,
1996, 259 SCRA 529
143. Cabansag v. Fernandez, GR L-8974. Oct. 18,
1957, 102 Phil. 152
5.11. Requisites for validity of content-based restriction
 P a g e | 15

144. Adiong v. COMELEC, GR 103456, Mar. 31,

1992, 207 SCRA 712
5.12. Tests in determining the validity of restrictions to
freedoms
145. J. Ruiz-Castro’s Separate Opinion in Gonzales
v. Commission on Elections, GR L-27833. Apr. 18,
1969, 27 SCRA 835
5.13. Dangerous tendency rule
5.14. Balancing of interest rule
146. Neri v. Senate Committee on Accountability of
Public Officers and Investig’ns, GR 180643, Mar.
25, 2008, 549 SCRA 77
5.15. Clear and present danger rule
147. In Re: Jurado, AM 93-2-037 SC. Apr. 6, 1995,
243 SCRA 299
148. Marantan v. Diokno, GR 205956, Feb. 12, 2014,
716 SCRA 164
149. Eastern Broadcasting Corp. (DYRE) v. Dans, Jr.,
GR L-59329 July 19, 1985, 137 SCRA 628
150. Gonzales v. Kalaw Katigbak, GR L-69500. July
22, 1985, 137 SCRA 717
5.16. “Present” construed
5.17. “Substantive evil” construed
5.18. Obscenity; tests for obscenity; prurient interest
151. People v. Kottinger, GR 20569, Oct. 29, 1923,
45 Phil. 352
152. Pita v. CA, GR 80806, Oct. 5, 1989, 178 SCRA
362
5.19. Unprotected speech
153. Soriano v. Laguardia, GR 164785. Apr. 29, 2009,
587 SCRA 79
5.20. Case laws involving freedom of expression
154. Adiong v. COMELEC, GR 103956. Mar. 31,
1992, 207 SCRA 712
155. Diocese of Bacolod v. COMELEC, GR 205728,
Jan. 21, 2015
VI. FREEDOM OF THE PRESS
 156. Tordesillas v. Puno, GR 210088. Oct. 1, 2018,
881 SCRA 171
157. David v. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, GR 171409,
May 3, 2006, 489 SCRA 160
6.1. Practical importance of the press
158. Chavez v. Gonzales, GR 168338. Feb. 15, 2008,
545 SCRA 441
159. United States v. Bustos, GR 12592. Mar. 8,
1918, 37 Phil. 731
6.2. Aspects of freedom of the press
6.3. Broadcast media
VII. FREEDOM OF ASSEMBLY
160. David v. Macapagal-Arroyo, GR 171409. May 3,
2006, 489 SCRA 160
7.1. Supremacy of freedom of speech and assembly
161. Primicias v. Fugoso, GR L-1800. Jan. 27, 1948,
80 Phil., 71
7.2. Freedom of peaceful assembly under international
law and domestic law
7.3. Permit for public assembly
7.4. Permit application requirements
7.5. Actions to be taken on the application
162. Reyes v. Bagatsing, GR L-65366. Nov. 9, 1983,
125 SCRA 553
7.6. BP 880 a valid content-neutral regulation
163. Bayan v. Ermita, GR 169838. Apr. 25, 2006, 488
SCRA 226
164. Integrated Bar of the Philippines v. Atienza, GR
175241. Feb. 24, 2010, 613 SCRA 518
VIII. RIGHT TO PETITION THE GOVERNMENT FOR
REDRESS OF GRIEVANCES
165. Philippine Blooming Mills Employees
Organization v. Philippine Blooming Mills Co., Inc.,
GR L-31195. June 5, 1973, 51 SCRA 189
8.1. Petition construed
8.2. Development of the right to petition
166. People v. Titular, GR 26408. Feb. 21, 1927, 49
Phil. 930
167. Espuelas v. People, GR L-2990. Dec. 17, 1951,
90 Phil. 524
 P a g e | 17

168. Reyes v. Bagatsing, GR L-65366. Nov. 9, 1983,

125 SCRA 553
8.3. Importance of the right to petition
8.4. People power
8.5. Legal distinctions between EDSA I and EDSA II
169. Estrada v. Desierto GR 146710-15. Mar. 2,
2001, 353 SCRA 452
8.6. Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation or
SLAPP
8.7. RA No. 10654, first law to incorporate SLAPP
WEEK 7
IX. FREEDOM OF RELIGION
9.1. Non-establishment clause
9.2. Standards for interpreting non-establishment
clause
170. Estrada v. Escritor, AM P-02-1651. June 22,
2006, 492 SCRA 1
9.3. Free exercise of religion clause
9.4. Proscription on requiring religious test before
exercising civil or political rights
171. Verzosa v. Fernandez, GR 32276. Nov. 19,
1930, 55 Phil. 307
9.5. Meaning and scope of freedom of religion
172. German v. Barangan, GR L-68828. Mar. 27,
1985, 135 SCRA 514 and Iglesia Ni Cristo v. CA,
GR 119673. July 26, 1996, 259 SCRA 529
9.6. Doctrine of benevolent neutrality-accommodation
173. Peralta v. Philippine Postal Corp. (PhilPost), GR
223395. Dec. 4, 2018, 887 SCRA 714
9.7. Compelling State interest test
174. Samahan ng mga Progresibong Kabataan
(SPARK) v. Quezon City, GR 225442. Aug. 8, 2017,
835 SCRA 350
9.8. The free exercise clause and the duty to refer
175. Imbong v. Ochoa, Jr., GR 207563. Apr. 8, 2014,
721 SCRA 146
9.9. The establishment clause and contraceptives
9.10. Separation of Church and State and benefits of
religion balanced by other provisions of the
Constitution
9.11. Freedom of religion takes precedence over right
against impairment of contracts; exception
176. Victoriano v. Elizalde Rope Workers’ Union, GR
L-25246. Sep. 12, 1974, 59 SCRA 54
11.1. Limitations on the right to travel
177. Leave Division, Office of Administrative
Services-Office of the Court Administrator (OCA) v.
Heusdens, AM P-11-2927. Dec. 13, 2011, 662
SCRA 126
11.2. Hold departure order a valid restriction on right to
travel
178. Silverio v. Court of Appeals, GR 94284. Apr. 8,
1991, 195 SCRA 760
11.3. Power to issue HDO is inherent in courts
179. Genuino v. De Lima, GR 197930. Apr. 17, 2018,
861 SCRA 325
180. Silverio v. CA, GR 94284. Apr. 8, 1991, 195
SCRA 760
11.4. Doubt must be resolved in favor right to travel
X. RIGHT TO INFORMATION ON MATTERS OF
PUBLIC CONCERN
181. Legaspi v. Civil Service Commission, GR L-
72119. May 29, 1987, 150 SCRA 530
12.1. Requirements before right to information may be
compelled
182. Chavez v. Presidential Commission on Good
Government, GR 130716. Dec. 9, 1998, 299 SCRA
744
183. Chavez v. Public Estates Authority, GR 133250.
July 9, 2002, 384 SCRA 152
12.2. Freedom to information
12.3. Inventory of excepted information
184. Senate v. Ermita, GR 169777. Apr. 20, 2006,
488 SCRA 1
185. Akbayan v. Aquino, GR 170516. July 16, 2008,
558 SCRA 468
 P a g e | 19

186. Chavez v. PCGG, GR 130716. Dec. 9., 1998,

299 SCRA 744
187. Chavez v. NHA, GR 164527. Aug. 15, 2007
188. Almonte v. Vasquez, GR 95367. May 23, 1995,
244 SCRA 286
189. Chavez v. Public Estates Authority, GR 133250,
July 9, 2002, 384 SCRA 152
190. Hilado v. Judge Reyes, GR 163155. July 21,
2006
191. Romero v. Guerzon, GR 211816, Mar. 18, 2015
XI. RIGHT TO FORM ASSOCIATIONS
13.1. Right of workers to self-organization
13.2. Concepts of the right to self-organization
192. Knitjoy Mfg., Inc. v. Ferrer-Calleja, GR 81883,
Sep. 23, 1992, 214 SCRA 174
13.3. Formation of labor organizations
13.4. “Union” and “workers’ association”
193. Samahan ng Manggagawa sa Hanjin Shipyard
v. Bureau of Labor Relations, GR 211145. Oct. 14,
2015, 772 SCRA 613
13.5. Labor-Management Councils
13.6. Some limitations on the right to self-organization
13.7. Right of government employees to self-
organization
13.8. Distinctions between government and private
sector employees’ right to self-organization
194. GSIS v. Villaviza, GR 180291. July 27, 2010, 625
SCRA 669
WEEK 8
XII. RIGHT TO PROPERTY AND JUST COMPENSATION
195. Republic v. Lim, GR 161656. June 29, 2005, 462
SCRA 265
14.1. Taking of private property under the State’s power
of eminent domain
196. Noble v. City of Manila, GR 44142. Dec. 24,
1938, 67 Phil. 1.
14.2. Requirements for the proper exercise of the power
of eminent domain
14.3. Expropriation
197. National Transmission Corp. v. Oroville
Development Corp., GR 223366. Aug. 1, 2017, 833
SCRA 575
14.4. Payment of just compensation
14.5. Nature of just compensation
198. Biglang-Awa v. Bacalla, GR 139927. Nov. 22,
2000, 345 SCRA 562
14.6. Stages in action for expropriation
14.7. What constitutes compensable taking
199. Republic v. Castellvi, GR L-20620. Aug. 15,
1974, 58 SCRA 336
14.8. Determination of just compensation not a
legislative function
14.9. Rule and laws governing expropriation
14.10. When rule on assessed value and deposit under
Rule 67 will not apply
200. Republic v. Gingoyon, GR 166429, 19 Dec.
2005, 478 SCRA 474
14.11. Complaint for expropriation
14.12. When plaintiff may enter upon the property subject
of expropriation
14.13. When the value of the property must be determined
201. Eslaban, Jr. v. Vda. de Onorio, GR 146062. June
28, 2001, 360 SCRA 230
13.1. Amount of provisional deposit
14.14. Purpose of initial or provisional deposit
202. Republic v. Mupas, GR 181892. Apr. 19, 2016,
790 SCRA 217
14.15. What deposit requirement constitutes
203. Visayan Refining Co. v. Camus, GR 15870, Dec.
3, 1919, 40 Phil. 550
14.16. Form of payment of just compensation
14.17. Interest on payment of just compensation; reason
for its imposition
204. Apo Fruits Corp. v. CA, GR 164195. Feb. 6,
2007, 514 SCRA 537
14.18. Requirement for allowing immediate entry in
property to be expropriated
 P a g e | 21

205. Robern Development Corp. v. Quitain, GR

135042, Sep. 23, 1999, 315 SCRA 150
14.19. Reckoning period for determining just
compensation
206. Secretary of the Department of Public Works and
Highways v. Tecson, GR 179334. July 1, 2013, 700
SCRA 243
14.20. Rules to determine just compensation
207. B.H. Berkenkotter & Co. v. CA, GR. 89980, Dec.
14, 1992, 216 SCRA 584
14.21. Consequential damages and consequential
benefits
208. Republic v. CA, GR 160379. Aug. 14, 2009, 596
SCRA 57
14.22. Market value construed
209. Manansan v. Republic, GR 140091, Aug. 10,
2006, 498 SCRA 348
14.23. Other factors to be considered in determining fair
market value
210. National Transmission Corp. v. Taglao, GR
223195. Jan. 29, 2020, 930 SCRA 431
14.24. When payment of compensation may be ordered
paid to court
14.25. To whom and when should payment of
compensation be made
14.26. Delay in the payment of just compensation a
forbearance of money
211. Landbank of the Philippines v. Alcantara, GR
187423. Feb. 28, 2018, 856 SCRA 485
212. Ignacio v. Ragasa, GR 227896. Jan. 29, 2020,
930 SCRA 506
14.27. When plaintiff may enter upon the property
expropriated or retain it
14.28. Taking of property under CARL an exercise of
power of eminent domain and not of police power
of the State
14.29. Non-traditional and revolutionary exercise of power
of eminent domain under CARL
14.30. Public use requirement fulfilled
14.31. Power of eminent domain by LGUs
14.32. Duty of courts to determine legality of exercise by
LGUs of power
213. Moday v. CA, GR 107916. Feb. 20, 1997, 268
SCRA 586
214. Municipality of Parañaque v. V.M. Realty Corp.,
GR 127820 July 20, 1998, 292 SCRA 678
215. Estate of Heirs of the Late Ex-Justice Jose B.L.
Reyes v. City of Manila, GR 132431. Feb. 13, 2004,
422 SCRA 551
216. City of Manila v. Prieto, GR 221366. July 8,
2019, 907 SCRA 602
14.33. Negotiation preferred over suit for expropriation
217. City of Manila v. Alegar Corp., GR 187604. June
25, 2012, 674 SCRA 378
218. Jesus Is Lord Christian School Foundation, Inc.
v. Municipality (now City) of Pasig, GR 152230. Aug.
9, 2005, 466 SCRA 235
14.34. Inverse expropriation
219. Philippine Long Distance Telephone Co. v. Citi
Appliance M.C. Corp., GR 214546. Oct. 9, 2019,
922 SCRA 518
WEEK 9
XIII. RIGHT AGAINST IMPAIRMENT OF THE
OBLIGATION OF CONTRACTS
220. Sanchez v. Mapalad Realty Corp., GR 148516,
Dec. 27, 2007, 541 SCRA 397
221. Makati Stock Exchange, Inc. v. Campos, GR
138814, Apr. 16, 2009, 585 SCRA 120
15.1 Purpose of non-impairment clause
222. Siska Development Corp. v. Office of the
President of the Philippines, GR 93176. Apr. 22,
1994, 231 SCRA 674
15.2 When right to non-impairment may yield to police
and taxing powers
223. Phil. American Life Ins. Co. v. Auditor General,
GR L-19255. Jan. 18, 1968, 22 SCRA 135
224. La Insular v. Machuca, Go-Tauco and Nubla Co-
Siong., GR 13307. Feb. 3, 1919, 39 Phil., 567
 P a g e | 23

15.3 Non-impairment clause can only be invoked in

contractual tax exemptions
225. Casanovas v. Hord., GR 3473. Mar. 22, 1907, 8
Phil. 125
226. Cagayan Electric Power & Light Co., Inc. v.
Commissioner of Internal Revenue, GR L-60126.
Sep. 25, 1985, 138 SCRA 629
227. Province of Misamis Oriental v. Cagayan Electric
Power and Light Company, Inc., GR 45355. Jan. 12,
1990, 181 SCRA 38
XIV. RIGHT OF FREE ACCESS TO COURTS AND QUASI-
JUDICIAL BODIES
16.1. Pauper litigant
228. Enaje v. Ramos, GR L-22109. Jan. 30, 1970, 31
SCRA 141
16.2. Right to sue in forma pauperis
16.3. Law and rules on pro bono legal assistance
XV. RIGHT TO REMAIN SILENT
17.1. Right may be invoked only during investigation
229. People v. Duero, GR L-52016. May 13, 1981,
104 SCRA 379
17.2. Miranda rights and Miranda warning
17.3. Extrajudicial confession; requisites for
admissibility
230. People v. Reyes, GR 178300, Mar. 17, 2009,
581 SCRA 691
17.4. When extrajudicial confession is not valid and
inadmissible in evidence
231. People v. Muleta, GR 130189. June 25, 1999,
309 SCRA 148
232. People v. Bravo, GR 135562. Nov. 22, 1999, 318
SCRA 812
XVI. RIGHT TO COMPETENT AND INDEPENDENT
LEGAL COUNSEL IN CUSTODIAL INVESTIGATION
233. People v. Agustin, GR 247718. Mar. 03, 2021
18.1. What a competent and independent counsel is
expected to do
18.2. Appointment of counsel de officio
XVII. RIGHT AGAINST TORTURE, FORCE, VIOLENCE,
THREAT, INTIMIDATION, OR ANY OTHER MEANS
WHICH VITIATE THE FREE WILL
19.1. Anti-torture law
19.2. Compensation and rehabilitation of victims of
torture or similar practices and their families
XVIII. RIGHT AGAINST SECRET DETENTION PLACES,
SOLITARY, INCOMMUNICADO, OR OTHER
SIMILAR FORMS OF DETENTION
20.1. Policy on prohibited forms of detention in Anti-
torture law
XIX. RIGHT OF THE ACCUSED TO BAIL
234. People v. Abner, GR L-2508. Oct. 27, 150, 87
Phil. 566
21.1. Purpose of bail
235. Enrile v. Sandiganbayan, GR 213847. Aug. 18,
2015, 767 SCRA 282
21.2. Right to bail under the Constitution and the Rules
of Court
21.3. Capital offense
236. People v. Albert, GR 114001. Dec. 11, 1995, 251
SCRA 136
21.4. Factors in fixing bail
237. Villaseñor v. Abano, GR L-23599. Sep. 29, 1967,
21 SCRA 312
21.5. When bail a matter of right or a matter of discretion
238. Tanog v. Balindong, GR 187464. Nov. 25, 2015,
775 SCRA 467
21.6. Conduct of mandatory summary bail hearings
239. Revilla, Jr. v. Sandiganbayan, GR 218232, July
24, 2018, 874 SCRA 52
21.7. When bail may be posted
240. Santiago v. Vasquez, GR 99289-90. Jan. 27,
1993, 217 SCRA 633
241. Aguirre v. Belmonte, AM RTJ-93-1052. Oct. 27,
1994, 237 SCRA 778
242. Feliciano v. Pasicolan, GR L-14657, July 31,
1961, 2 SCRA 888
21.8. When a person is deemed to be in the custody of
the law
 P a g e | 25

243. Dinapol v. Baldado, AM RTJ-92-898. Aug. 5,

1993, 225 SCRA 110
21.9. Constructive and legal custody of the accused
244. Paderanga v. CA, GR 115407. Aug. 28, 1995,
247 SCRA 741
21.10. How arrest is made
21.11. Right to bail may be waived
245. People v. Donato, GR 79269. June 5, 1991, 198
SCRA 130
21.12. No bail after final judgment; exception
21.13. When bail is not required; reduced bail or
recognizance
21.14. Duties of judge in applications for bail
WEEK 10
XX. RIGHT OF THE ACCUSED AGAINST EXCESSIVE
BAIL
246. De la Camara v. Enage, GR L-32951-2. Sep. 17,
1971, 41 SCRA 1
247. Villasenor v. Abaño, GR L-23599. Sep. 29, 1967,
21 SCRA 312
22.1. Amount of bail must be reasonable
22.2. What constitutes reasonable bail
22.3. Excessive bail does not depend on inability of
accused to secure bail
248. People v. Resterio-Andrade, GR 79827. July 31,
1989, 175 SCRA 782
22.4. Guidelines to be followed in fixing the amount of
bail
XXI. RIGHT OF THE ACCUSED TO DUE PROCESS OF
LAW
249. Cornejo v. Gabriel and Provincial Board of Rizal.,
GR 16887. Nov. 17, 1920, 41 Phil. 188
250. Romualdez v. Sandiganbayan, GR143618-41.
July 30, 2002, 385 SCRA 436
XXII. RIGHT OF THE ACCUSED TO THE PRESUMPTION
OF INNOCENCE
251. People v. Hilario, GR 210610. Jan. 11, 2018,
851 SCRA 1
24.1. Burden to overcome the presumption of innocence
of the accused
252. People v. Santos, GR 223142. Jan. 17, 2018,
852 SCRA 23
24.2. Degree of proof required to secure conviction of the
accused
253. Daayata v. People, GR 205745. Mar. 8, 2017,
820 SCRA 58
24.3. Until when will the presumption hold
254. Mangubat v. Sandiganbayan, GR L-60613–20.
Apr. 20, 1985, 135 SCRA 732
24.4. What the prosecution must do to overcome the
presumption and secure conviction
24.5. When acquittal may be granted as a matter of right
255. Fernandez v. People, GR 138503. Sep. 28,
2000, 341 SCRA 277
24.6. When presumption of innocence is overturned
256. People v. Belocura, GR 173474. Aug. 29, 2012,
679 SCRA 318
24.7. When burden of evidence shifts to defense
24.8. Application of presumption of innocence and
presumption of regularity in the conduct of official
duties
257. Franco v. People, GR 191185 Feb. 1, 2016, 782
SCRA 526
258. People v. Wagas, GR 61704 Mar. 8, 1989, 171
SCRA 69
259. People v. Rosialda, GR 188330. Aug. 25, 2010,
629 SCRA 507
260. People v. Arposeple, GR 205787. Nov. 22, 2017
261. People v. Reyes, GR 199271. Oct. 19, 2016, 806
SCRA 513
262. People v. Agulay, GR 181747. Sep. 26, 2008,
566 SCRA 571
263. People v. Abdula, GR 212192. Nov. 21, 2018,
886 SCRA 383
XXIII. RIGHT OF THE ACCUSED TO BE HEARD BY
HIMSELF AND COUNSEL IN CRIMINAL
PROSECUTIONS
 P a g e | 27

25.1. Right of the accused to be heard by himself and

counsel
25.2. Right of the accused to counsel
264. Callangan v. People, GR 153414. June 27,
2006, 493 SCRA 269
265. Telan v. CA, GR 95026. Oct. 4,1991, 202 SCRA
534
266. People v. Santocildes, Jr., GR 109149. Dec. 21,
1999, 321 SCRA 310
25.3. Importance of counsel in criminal proceedings
XXIV. RIGHT OF THE ACCUSED TO BE INFORMED OF
THE NATURE AND CAUSE OF THE ACCUSATION
AGAINST HIM
26.1. Right requires sufficient complaint or Information
267. People v. Bayabos, GR 174786. Feb. 18, 2015,
750 SCRA 677
26.2. Purpose of written accusation
268. Andaya v. People, GR 168486. June 27, 2006,
493 SCRA 539
26.3. Contents of Complaint or Information
269. Villarba v. CA, GR 227777. June 15, 2020, 937
SCRA 601
26.4. What constitutes fair notice to the accused
26.5. Allegations of fact; effect when offense not charged
nor necessarily included in the information
270. Quimvel v. People, GR 214497. Apr. 18, 2017,
823 SCRA 192
271. David v. People, GR 208320. Aug. 19, 2015, 767
SCRA 690
WEEK 11
XXV. RIGHT OF THE ACCUSED TO SPEEDY, IMPARTIAL,
AND PUBLIC TRIAL
272. Corpuz v. Sandiganbayan, GR 162214. Nov. 11,
2004, 442 SCRA 294
27.1. Objective of the right to speedy trial
273. Tan v. People, GR 173637. Apr. 21, 2009, 586
SCRA 139
27.2. Factors to determine the deprivation of right to
speedy trial
27.3. Interest of the accused protected by the right to
speedy trial
27.4. Law and rules implementing the right to speedy trial
27.5. Relevant cases
274. Santiago v. Garchitorena, GR 109266, Dec. 2,
1993, 228 SCRA 214
275. Alvizo v. Sandiganbayan, GR 101689, Mar. 17,
1993, 220 SCRA 55
276. Santiago v. Sandiganbayan, GR 128055. Apr.
18, 2001, 356 SCRA 636
277. Cadalin v. Philippine Overseas Employment
Administration's Administrator, GR 104776. Dec. 5,
1994, 238 SCRA 721
XXVI. RIGHT OF THE ACCUSED TO MEET THE
WITNESSES FACE TO FACE
278. Talino v. Sandiganbayan, GR L-75511-14. Mar.
16, 1987, 148 SCRA 598
28.1. Right of the accused to cross-examine
279. People v. Givera, GR 132159. Jan. 18, 2001,
349 SCRA 513
28.2. Importance of the right to cross-examine a witness
280. People v. Rivera, GR 139180. July 31, 2001, 362
SCRA 153
28.3. Scope of the cross-examination
28.4. Right to cross-examine may be waived
281. Savory Luncheonette v. Lakas ng
Manggagawang Pilipino, GR L-38964. Jan. 31,
1975, 62 SCRA 258
282. People v. Narca, GR 129217. Aug. 25, 2000, 339
SCRA 76
28.5. Treatment of testimony of witness who dies or
becomes unavailable
283. Equitable PCI Banking Corp. v. RCBC Capital
Corp., GR 182248. Dec. 18, 2008, 574 SCRA 858
28.6. Effects of incomplete cross-examination
284. People v. Seneris, GR L-48883. Aug. 6, 1980, 99
SCRA 92
28.7. Right to cross-examine in depositions
 P a g e | 29

XXVII. RIGHT OF THE ACCUSED TO HAVE

COMPULSORY PROCESS TO SECURE THE
ATTENDANCE OF WITNESSES AND THE
PRODUCTION OF EVIDENCE IN HIS BEHALF
29.1. Subpoena
29.2. Bail to secure appearance of material witness
29.3. Contempt of court
XXVIII. RIGHT TO HABEAS CORPUS
30.1. Writ of habeas corpus
285. Nava v. Gatmaitan, GR L-4855, Oct. 11, 1951,
90 Phil. 172
30.2. Petition for the issuance of writ of habeas corpus a
special proceeding
30.3. Nature of the writ; what it is and what it is not
30.4. Application of the writ
286. Velasco v. CA, GR 118644, July 7, 1995, 245
SCRA 677
30.5. Writ generally cannot be suspended; exceptions
30.6. Extent and function of the writ
30.7. Writ a summary remedy and a proceeding in rem
30.8. Parties and question to be resolved in petition
30.9. Who may prosecute?
287. Kelly v. Director of Prisons, GR 20478, Mar. 14,
1923, 44 Phil. 623
30.10. Writ; by whom granted; where enforceable and
returnable
30.11. Where application for writ may be denied
30.12. Habeas corpus a prerogative writ; its purpose
30.13. Court order to present the person before it is just a
preliminary step in hearing the petition and not a
ruling on the propriety of the remedy
288. In the Matter of the Petition for Habeas Corpus
of Capt. Alejano v. Gen. Cabuay, GR 160792, Aug.
25, 2005, 468 SCRA 188
30.14. What the court must inquire into
289. Morales, Jr. v. Enrile, GR 61016, Apr. 26, 1983,
121 SCRA 538
30.15. Judicial discretion in the issuance of the writ
 290. Eugenio, Sr. v. Velez, GR 85140, May 17, 1980,
185 SCRA 468
30.16. When the writ may be granted or dismissed
291. Gonzales v. Viola, GR 43195, Aug. 23, 1935, 61
Phil. 824
292. Ngaya-an v. Balweg, GR 80591, Aug. 5, 1991,
200 SCRA 149
30.17. Scope of the writ
293. In the Matter of the Petition for Habeas Corpus
of Kunting, GR 167193, Apr. 19, 2006, 487 SCRA
602
WEEK 12
30.18. Limited use of the writ; not a substitute for another
available recourse
294. In the Matter of the Petition for the Privilege of
the Writ of Habeas Corpus: of Azucena L. Garcia,
GR 141443, Aug. 30, 2000, 339 SCRA 292
295. Galvez v. CA, GR 114046, Oct. 24, 1994, 237
SCRA 685
296. In Re: The Writ of Habeas Corpus for Reynaldo
De Villa, GR 158802, Nov. 17, 2004, 442 SCRA 706
297. U.S. v. Tamparong, GR 9527, Aug. 23, 1915, 31
Phil. 321
30.19. Expanded application of the writ to cases of
deprivation of constitutional rights
298. Ilusorio v. Bildner, GR 139789. May 12, 2000,
387 Phil. 915
30.20. Writs of habeas corpus and certiorari as ancillary
remedies;
30.21. Writ of certiorari as an ancillary proceeding
30.22. Circumstances when courts may extend the scope
of the writ
299. Andal v. People, GR 138268-69, May 26, 1999,
367 Phil. 154
30.23. Writ rendered moot by release of detained person;
exception
30.24. Voluntary restraint
30.25. Writ as the proper legal remedy for parents to
regain custody of minor child
 P a g e | 31

300. Tijing v. CA, GR 125901, Mar. 8, 2001, 406 Phil.

449
30.26. Ultimate concern in petition for habeas corpus in
child custody cases
301. Salientes v. Abanilla, GR 162734, Aug. 29, 2006,
500 SCRA 128
30.27. Specific instances when the writ may issue
302. People v. Vera, GR 45685, Nov. 16, 1937, 65
Phil. 56
303. U.S. v. Rauscher, 119 US 407
304. Lopez v. Delos Reyes, GR 34361, Nov. 5, 1930,
55 Phil. 170
305. Salvaña v. Gaela, GR 34115, Feb. 21, 1931, 55
Phil. 680
306. Rodriguez v. Dir. of Prisons, GR 37914, Aug. 29,
1932, 57 Phil. 133
307. Ognir v. Dir. of Prisons, GR L-1870, Feb. 27,
1948
308. Conde v. Rivera, GR 21741, Jan. 25, 1924, 45
Phil. 650
309. Teh Huan v. Collector of Customs, GR 31953,
Dec. 16, 1929, 54 Phil. 129
310. Macazo v. Nuñez, GR 12772, Jan. 24, 1956, 105
Phil. 55
311. Lao Tang Bun v. Fabre, GR 1673, Oct. 22, 1948,
81 Phil. 682
312. In re Dick, GR 13862, Apr. 16, 1918, 38 Phil. 41
29.1. Kinds of habeas corpus writ
313. Lee Yick Hon v. Insular Collector of Customs,
GR L-16779, Mar. 30, 1921, 41 Phil. 548
30.28. When the writ is proper or not
314. Talabon v. Iloilo Provincial Warden, GR L-1153,
June 30, 1947, 78 Phil. 59
315. Pomeroy v. Director of Prisons, GR L-14284-85,
Feb. 24, 1960, 107 Phil. 50
30.29. Writ not a substitute to appeal or certiorari
30.30. Court cannot issue the writ to convicted prisoners
who only served the minimum term
 316. OCA v. Perello, AM RTJ-05-1953, Dec. 24, 2008
30.31. Writ to issue only based on actual or physical, not
on mere moral, restraint
29.2. laim for damages not allowed in petition
317. Alimpoos v. CA, GR L-27331, July 30, 1981, 106
SCRA 159
30.32. Instances when the writ is not allowed or when a
person is not discharged after the issue of the writ
30.33. rit no longer available after the filing of information
318. Ilagan v. Enrile, GR 70748, Oct. 21, 1985, 139
SCRA 349
30.34. Remedy of detained person duly charged in court
319. Bernarte v. CA, GR 107741, Oct. 18, 1996, 263
SCRA 323
320. Rodriguez v. Bonifacio, AM RTJ-99-1510, Nov.
6, 2000, 398 Phil. 441
30.35. Circumstances when the writ is unavailing, not
proper
321. Sotto v. Dir. of Prisons, GR L-18871, May 30,
1962, 5 SCRA 293
30.36. Other cases when the writ may not be available;
when the writ allowed as post-conviction remedy
322. Go v. Dimagiba, GR 151876, June 21, 2005, 460
SCRA 451
323. De Joya v. The Jail Warden of Batangas City,
GR 159418-19, 10 Dec. 2003, 417 SCRA 636
30.37. Supervening events that may bar release or
discharge from custody
30.38. Bail not a bar to objections on illegal arrest
30.39. When the court must grant the writ
30.40. Hearing not a requisite for the grant of the writ
324. Tan v. Adre, AM RTJ-05-1898, Jan. 31, 2005,
450 SCRA 145
29.3. Court duty-bound to issue the writ even sans
petition if evidence so warrants
30.41. To whom the writ is directed or addressed
325. Security Bank and Trust Company, Inc. v.
Cuenca, GR 140823, Oct. 3, 2000, 341 SCRA 806
WEEK 13
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30.42. When the writ is directed to the person having

constructive custody over the respondent
30.43. Writ not availing where the proceedings is marred
by mere irregularities
326. Mangila, v. Pangilinan, GR 160739, July 17,
2013, 701 SCRA 355
30.44. Burden of proving illegal restraint lies with the
petitioner
327. Feria v. CA, GR 122954, Feb. 15, 2000, 325
SCRA 525
30.45. Release contemplated under the writ
328. Moncupa v. Enrile, GR 63345, Jan. 30, 1986,
141 SCRA 233
30.46. Solitary function of the writ is relief from illegal
detention
XXIX. RIGHT TO SPEEDY DISPOSITION OF CASES
329. Dansal v. Fernandez, Sr., GR 126814. Mar. 2,
2000, 327 SCRA 145
31.1. Guidelines in resolving issues on the right to
speedy disposition of cases
330. Cagang v. Sandiganbayan, GR 206438. July 31,
2018, 875 SCRA 374
31.2. What the right seeks to prevent
31.3. Inordinate delay violates the right
331. Ty-Dazo v. Sandiganbayan, GR 143885-86.
Jan. 21, 2002, 374 SCRA 200
332. Tatad v. Sandiganbayan, GR L-72335–39. Mar.
21, 1988, 159 SCRA 70
31.4. "Balancing test" in determining inordinate delay
333. Martin v. Ver, GR L-62810. July 25, 1983, 123
SCRA 745
334. Tumbocon v. Sandiganbayan Sixth Division, GR
235412-15. Nov. 5, 2018, 884 SCRA 231
31.5. Laws and rules in determining the length of delay
XXX. RIGHT AGAINST SELF-INCRIMINATION
335. People v. Ayson, GR 85215, July 7, 1989, 175
SCRA 216
32.1. Scope of the right
 336. Galman v. Pamaran, GR L-71208-09. Aug. 30,
1985, 138 SCRA 294
32.2. Exception to the right
32.3. Kinds of immunity
32.4. When the right against self-incrimination may be
claimed
32.5. Right as it applies to accused in criminal case
337. Rosete v. Lim, GR 136051. June 8, 2006, 490
SCRA 125
32.6. Accused distinguished from ordinary witness
338. Chavez v. CA, GR L-29169. Aug. 19, 1968, 24
SCRA 663
32.7. Adjunct rights under the right against self-
incrimination
32.8. The essence of the right is testimonial compulsion
339. People v. Olvis, GR L-71092. Sep. 30, 1987, 154
SCRA 513
340. People v. Casinillo, GR 97441. Sep. 11, 1992,
213 SCRA 777
341. Villaflor v. Summers., GR 16444. Sep. 8, 1920,
41 Phil. 62
342. U.S. v. Tan Teng, GR 7081. Sep. 7, 1912, 23
Phil., 145
343. U.S. v. Ong Siu Hong, GR 12778. Aug. 3, 1917,
36 Phil. 735
344. U.S. v. Salas, GR 8295. Sep. 20, 1913, 25 Phil.
337
345. U.S. v. Zara, GR 17564. Nov. 2, 1921, 42 Phil.,
308
346. People v. Otadora, 86 Phil. 244, No. L-2164 April
26, 1950
347. Dela Cruz v. People, GR 200748. July 23, 2014,
730 SCRA 655
XXXI. RIGHT AGAINST DETENTION FOR POLITICAL
BELIEFS AND ASPIRATIONS
XXXII. RIGHT AGAINST INVOLUNTARY SERVITUDE
348. Aclaracion v. Gatmaitan, GR L-39115. May 26,
1975, 64 SCRA 131
34.1. Examples of involuntary servitude
 P a g e | 35

34.2. Involuntary servitude in acts of trafficking in

persons
349. People v. Nangcas, GR 218806. June 13, 2018,
866 SCRA 240
34.3. Return-to-work order not violative of the right
against involuntary servitude
350. Sarmiento v. Tuico, GR L-75271-73. June 27,
1988, 162 SCRA 676
XXXIII. RIGHT AGAINST EXCESSIVE FINES, AND CRUEL,
DEGRADING, OR INHUMAN PUNISHMENT
351. Alejano v. Cabuay, GR 160792. Aug. 25, 2005,
468 SCRA 188
352. Harden v. Director of Prisons, GR L-2349. Oct.
22, 1948, 81 Phil. 741
353. People v. Estoista, GR L-5793. Aug. 27, 1953,
93 Phil., 647
354. Echegaray v. Executive Secretary, GR 132601.
Oct. 12, 1998, 297 SCRA 754
35.1. “Other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or
punishment” defined
XXXIV. FREEDOM FROM DEATH PENALTY
355. People v. Echegaray, GR 117472. June 25,
1996, 257 SCRA 561
36.1. Death by lethal injection
36.2. Constitutionality of death penalty
WEEK 14
XXXV. RIGHT OF PRISONER OR DETAINEE AGAINST
PHYSICAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL, OR DEGRADING
PUNISHMENT OR USE OF SUBSTANDARD OR
INADEQUATE PENAL FACILITIES UNDER
SUBHUMAN CONDITIONS
37.1. Clause "shall be dealt with by law" construed
356. Almonte v. People, GR 252117, July 28, 2020
37.2. Maltreatment of prisoners
XXXVI. RIGHT AGAINST IMPRISONMENT FOR DEBT OR
NON-PAYMENT OF POLL TAX
357. Lirag Textile Mills, Inc. v. SSS, GR L-33205,
Aug. 31, 1987, 153 SCRA 338
 358. Villanueva v. City of Iloilo, GR L-26521, Dec. 28,
1968, 26 SCRA 578
38.1. Historical evolution of the right
38.2. ‘Debt’ construed with respect to the constitutional
inhibition
359. Ganaway v. Quillen, GR 18619. Feb. 20, 1922
38.3. Illustrative cases and legal provisions
A. Bouncing checks law
360. Sumbilla v. Matrix Finance Corporation, GR
197582. June 29, 2015, 760 SCRA 532
B. Estafa
361. People v. Juego, GR 123162. Oct. 13, 1998, 298
SCRA 22
C. Trust receipts law
362. Tiomico v. Court of Appeals, GR 122539. Mar. 4,
1999, 304 SCRA 216
363. Lozano v. Martinez, GR L-63419. Dec. 18, 1986,
146 SCRA 323
D. Access device law
XXXVII. RIGHT AGAINST DOUBLE JEOPARDY
39.1. Kinds of double jeopardy
364. Yap v. Lutero, GR L-12669. Apr. 30, 1959, 105
Phil. 1307
39.2. Double jeopardy under the rules
39.3. When conviction of the accused not a bar to
another prosecution
39.4. Elements of double jeopardy
365. Chiok v. People, GR 179814. Dec. 7, 2015
39.5. Exceptions to double jeopardy rule
366. Villareal v. Aliga, GR 166995. Jan. 13, 2014, 713
SCRA 52
367. People v. Laguio, Jr., GR 128587. Mar. 16, 2007,
518 SCRA 393
39.6. When double jeopardy will not attach
XXXVIII. RIGHT AGAINST EX POST FACTO LAWS
368. Lacson v. Executive Secretary, GR 128096. Jan.
20, 1999, 301 SCRA 298
369. In re: Kay Villegas Kami, Inc., GR L-32485, Oct.
22, 1970, 35 SCRA 429
40.1. When penal laws may be given retroactive effect
 P a g e | 37

XXXIX. RIGHT AGAINST BILL OF ATTAINDER

41.1. Elements of a bill of attainder
370. People v. Ferrer, GR L-32613-14. Dec. 27, 1972,
48 SCRA 382
41.2. Case law
371. Bureau of Customs Employees Association
(BOCEA) v. Teves, GR 181704. Dec. 6, 2011, 661
SCRA 589
XL. RIGHT TO HEALTH
42.1. National health insurance law
42.2. Responsible parenthood and reproductive health
law
42.3. Universal health care law
42.4. Indirect contributors
XLI. RIGHT TO A BALANCED AND HEALTHFUL
ECOLOGY
372. Oposa v. Factoran, Jr., GR 101083, July 30,
1993, 224 SCRA 792
43.1. Legal standing to sue for enforcement of
environmental rights
373. Bersamin, J.: Sep. Op., Biraogo v. Phil. Truth
Commission of 2010, GR 192935, Dec. 7, 2010, 637
SCRA 78
374. Resident Marine Mammals of the Tañon Strait
Protected Seascape v. Reyes, GR 180771, Apr. 21,
2015
43.2. Other cases related to environmental rights
375. Laguna Lake Development Authority (LLDA) v.
Court of Appeals, GR 110120, Mar. 16, 1994, 231
SCRA 292
376. Henares v. Land Transportation and Franchising
Regulatory Board (LTFRB), GR 158290, Oct. 23,
2006, 505 SCRA 104
377. Social Justice Society v. Atienza, Jr., GR
156052, Mar. 7, 2007, 545 SCRA 92
378. Resident Marine Mammals of the Tañon Strait
Protected Seascape v. Reyes, GR 180771, Apr. 21,
2015, 756 SCRA 513
 379. Mosqueda v. Pilipino Banana Growers &
Exporters Association, Inc., GR 189185. Aug. 16,
2016, 800 SCRA 313
43.3. Rules of Procedure for Environmental Cases
43.4. Highlights and innovations under the Rules
43.5. Citizen suits
43.6. Consent decree
43.7. Writ of Continuing mandamus
380. Metropolitan Manila Development Authority
(MMDA) v. Concerned Residents of Manila Bay, GR
171947-48, Dec. 18, 2008, 574 SCRA 661
381. Abogado v. DENR, GR 246209, Sep. 3, 2019
43.8. Environmental Protection Order (EPO)
43.9. Writ of Kalikasan
382. Tañada 118295, May 2, 1997, 272 SCRA 18
43.10. Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation or
SLAPP
43.11. Precautionary principle
383. International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-
Biotech Applications, Inc. v. Greenpeace Southeast
Asia (Phils.), GR 209271, 209276, 209301 &
209430, Dec. 8, 2015
XLII. RIGHTS OF WORKERS
XLIII. RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS CULTURAL
COMMUNITIES
384. J. Puno, Separate Opinion in Cruz v. Secretaryof
Environmentand Natural Resources, GR 135385.
Dec. 6, 2000, 347 SCRA 128
45.1. Republic Act No. 8371 or the Indigenous Peoples’
Rights Act (IPRA)
45.2. Indigenous Cultural Communities (ICCs) or
Indigenous Peoples (IPs)
45.3. Ancestral domains
45.4. Ancestral lands
45.5. Rights to ancestral domains
45.6. Rights to ancestral lands
45.7. Responsibilities of ICCs or IPs to their ancestral
domains
45.8. Other rights granted the ICCs and IPs
 P a g e | 39

45.9. National Commission on Indigenous Peoples

(NCIP)
45.10. Jurisdiction of NCIP
45.11. Jurisdiction over claims and disputes between or
among parties not belonging to the same ICC or IP
385. Unduran v. Aberasturi, GR 181284. Oct. 20,
2015, 773 SCRA 114
45.12. Right to ancestral domains and ancestral lands:
how acquired
45.13. The concept of native title
386. Cariño v. Insular Government, GR 72. Feb. 23,
1909, 41 Phil. 935
45.14. Ancestral lands private in character
45.15. Conversion of ancestral lands and domains from
private to public agricultural land for purposes of
registration
45.16. Indigenous concept of ownership and customary
law; ancestral domain is owned in common by ICCs
or IPs
45.17. Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title (CADT), a mere
formal recognition of native title
45.18. Non-inclusion of ownership by ICCs or IPs over
natural resources; compliance with the Regalian
doctrine
45.19. Free and Prior Informed Consent (FPIC)
387. Maddela v. Oxiana Philippines, Inc., GR 198243.
Feb. 27, 2019
45.20. Certification Precondition

Those cases in red font are for case digests.

The rest of the cases are for reading purposes.